Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Identification Of Active Compounds And Antidiabetic Activity Of Red Shoot (Syzygium Myrtifolium) Leaves Extract With In Vitro And In Silico Methods, Muhamad Iqbal Prakoso, Siti Warnasih

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that affects approximately 537 million people worldwide (1 in 10 individuals), and its prevalence is projected to reach 783 million by 2045. One of the plants that has the potential to be an antidiabetic is red shoots (Syzygium myrtifolium) since it contains various secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, saponins, phenolics, and anthocyanins. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic properties of red shoot leaves extract and to identify and predict interactions between its active compounds and the α-glucosidase receptor. Ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts of red …

Evaluating Cardiotoxicity And Factors Associated With In-Hospital Mortality Among Emergency Department Patients With Substance Use Disorder: An 11-Year Retrospective Study, Darpanarayan Hazra, Nadia Ahmed Said Alqusaimi, Alyaqeen Ahmed Abdullah Al Breiki, Raghad Saleh Mohammed Al Akhzami, Aya Hasan Hadi Aalhamad, Suad Abdullah Al Abri

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objective: Substance use disorder (SUD)-related emergencies are increasing globally, with cardiotoxicity contributing substantially to morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated cardiotoxicity patterns and factors associated with in-hospital mortality among adults with SUD presenting to the emergency department (ED).Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted from January 2014 to December 2024 at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, University Medical City, Muscat, Oman. Adults aged ≥18 years with SUD and positive urine drug screening (UDS) were included if they had elevated troponin (>14 ng/L), electrocardiographic abnormalities or echocardiographic structural dysfunction. Clinical, laboratory, imaging, management and outcome data were analysed. Results …

The Bent Clinician: How Dental Work Is Reshaping Your Spine - And What To Do About It, Kelly Davis Pt, Dpt, Faaompt, Mt

New Orleans Dental Association News

Musculoskeletal disorders affect somewhere between 64 and 93 percent of dental professionals over the course of their careers. Neck pain, shoulder aches, low back fatigue — these aren’t just the cost of doing good work. They are predictable patterns that, with the right understanding, you can absolutely change.

Noda News Summer 2026

New Orleans Dental Association News

New Orleans Dental Association (NODA) News includes regular columns with regional news impacting the New Orleans membership including: columns from the President and Executive Director, feature articles relating to the field of dentistry, association events and upcoming activities, component news, continuing education opportunities, and classifieds.

Enhancing Learning Strategies Of First-Year Medical Students Through A Remedial Course At A Medical School In The Caribbean, Aruna Ullal, Ed.D., Andrea Wilson, Phd

Journal of Educational Research and Practice

Remediation is a crucial factor for some students to succeed in a medical career. Well-designed remedial courses can enhance students’ learning skills and improve their study habits, promoting long-term retention and academic success. A medical school in the Caribbean has designed a remedial program called the Learning Enhancement Course, with the goal of supporting underperforming students in enhancing their study skills and gaining the competencies necessary to progress in their medical school journey. This quantitative study examined the influence of the remedial course on students’ learning and study skills after their participation in this structured course. We analyzed archival pre- …

Efficacy Of Sirolimus Versus Paclitaxel-Coated Balloons For Coronary Revascularization: An Updated Meta-Analysis With Grade Assessment, Matthew Aldo Wijayanto, Christopher Daniel Tristan, Erlangga Masykur Kynaya, Annisa Aghnia Rahma, Putri Saskia Harimurti, Arwin Saleh Mangkuanom, Amir Aziz Alkatiri, Doni Firman, Bambang Budi Siswanto

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Drug-coated balloons are an emerging strategy for coronary revascularization. Despite their increasing use, the comparative efficacy of sirolimus- versus paclitaxel-coated balloons (SCB vs PCB) remains uncertain. This updated meta-analysis evaluated clinical and angiographic outcomes of SCB and PCB in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect was performed on August 28, 2025. Studies directly comparing SCB and PCB were included. The primary endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF), which was defined as cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (TVMI), or target lesion revascularization (TLR). On follow-up angiography, secondary endpoints consisted of minimal lumen diameter (MLD), …

Evaluation Of Diclazuril And Amprolium Against Eimeria Spp. In Vietnamese Broilers: Implications For Intestinal Integrity And Claudin Gene Expression, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Pham Hoang Son Hung, Le Dinh Phung, Le Duc Thao, Nguyen Van Chao, Tran Thi Na, Tran Cao My Linh, Ho Thi Dung

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aimed to assess the resistance status of Eimeria spp. in Vietnam to diclazuril and amprolium and to evaluate their effects on intestinal recovery following infection. One hundred 12-day-old chicks were randomly allotted to four groups: a non-infected negative control (NC), an infected untreated as positive control (PC), an infected group treated with diclazuril (DI), and an infected group treated with amprolium (AM). At day 14, chicks from all groups except NC were orally challenged with 2 × 10⁴ sporulated Eimeria oocysts (E. tenella, E. maxima, E. acervulina, and E. mitis). On day 7 …

Penilaian Safety Climate Di Area Quarry Pada Pabrik Semen Di Indonesia, Andrizqa Andrizqa, Mufti Wirawan, Raden Ismail Haq, Asep Zaenal Muttaqien, Muhammad Arifin Ramzy Lubis

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

Work in the quarry area of the cement industry has a high risk of occupational accidents. Workers' understanding of the safety climate is important to prevent workplace accidents and injuries. This study aimed to assess the safety climate in the quarry area of a cement plant in Indonesia while identifying aspects that still require improvement. This study employed a descriptive quantitative approach using a questionnaire adapted from the Loughborough Safety Climate Assessment Toolkit (LSCAT). The sample consisted of all workers in the quarry area, including 49 permanent workers and 90 contract workers. The results showed that the average safety climate …

Identification Of Prognostic Factors For Disease Recurrence-Free Survival (Drfs) In Breast Cancer Patients Using The Cox Proportional Hazards Model, Dwi Cahyaning Putri, Veny Prabaningrum, Samsul Arifin

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Breast cancer remains one of the most common malignancies among women worldwide, with recurrence remaining a major clinical challenge. Despite various treatment efforts, the mortality rate from breast cancer remains high, particularly among patients with worse clinical and molecular conditions. This study aims to identify factors influencing the survival of breast cancer patients using the Cox proportional hazards model. The study analyzes clinical and molecular data of breast cancer patients to identify key risk factors affecting Disease Recurrence-Free Survival (DRFS). Analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier, the Log Rank test, and the Cox proportional hazards model. The results showed that nodal …

Fostering Active Learning In Reproductive Health Classes Among Undergraduates Of A Nigerian Public University: The Role Of Cognitive Restructuring Health Education, Ndubuisi Friday Ugwu, Adewumi Segun Igbinlade, Adijat Bolanle Adams, Uchenna Anselm Anibueze, Gabriel Aderibigbe Oyegbami, Chinyere Chrysantus Onwurah, Sabina Nwakaego Igwilo, Olufemi M. Olubamise, Folasade Adediran, Oladipo Adeyeye Olubodun Phd, Jacob Kehinde Opele, Loveth Nnenna Ugwu, Amos Olorunwa Agbojo

Higher Learning Research Communications

Objective: This study examined the efficacy of the cognitive restructuring health education (CRHE) intervention in improving participatory learning in sexual and reproductive health classes among students at a Nigerian public university.

Methods: The study employed a randomized pretest/posttest control group design involving 130 undergraduates from Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria. Participants were randomly assigned to either a 2-week intensive health education–based cognitive restructuring program (n = 65) or a waitlist control group (n = 65). Interaction behavior was assessed at pretreatment, at post-treatment, and at a 6-week follow-up using the 14-item Interaction Behavior Checklist (reliability = 0.85). …

Al Kuwait Hospital Dubai, Emirates Health Services 1st Research Week 2025: Research Abstracts Of Clinical And Scientific Advances, Suad Hannawi, Linda Saf Eldin, Alaa Abuquta, Yusra Abdulrahman, Maryam Yaslam, Sabaa Saleh Al-Hemyari, Maimouneh Qazi, Noor Majed Al Mheiri, Ahmed Alamadi, Alia Aljasmi, Sondos Al Salmi, Maria Al-Salmi, Moza Aljamri, Ahmed Ibrahim Abdulrahman, Sharifa Alamadi, Haifa Hannawi

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

The Outcome Of Thrombectomy Can Be Improved By Shortening The Door-To-Needle And The Onset-To-Door Time, Sounira Mehri, Josef Finsterer

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Provider-Reported Readiness Of Chronic Healthcare Services In Saudi Arabia Under The Health Sector Transformation Program, Aseel Aldhwaihi, Saad Alghanim

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To assess provider-reported readiness of chronic healthcare services in Saudi Arabia within the context of the Health Sector Transformation Program (HSTP), using a validated, context-specific assessment instrument. Methods: A national cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 2024 and February 2025 among 254 healthcare providers across 5 health regions and both public and private healthcare sectors. A 34-item instrument, informed by the Chronic Care Model (CCM) and adapted to the Saudi context, assessed 7 system readiness dimensions. Descriptive statistics, independent-samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation analyses were performed. Results: Overall system readiness was moderately positive. Health system …

Seasonal Variation Of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Among Children And Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: A Single-Center Tertiary Experience, Nour Gazzaz, Fajr A Saeedi

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) seasonal variations among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have been widely studied; however, findings remain inconsistent. Although several studies reported a higher incidence during colder months, others showed no consistent patterns. This study investigated whether DKA frequency and severity vary across seasons, particularly in humid cities. Methods: This retrospective cohort analyzed children and adolescents with T1DM admitted to a tertiary hospital with DKA (2015–2025). Data included demographics, seasonal admission trends, clinical severity, and outcomes. Statistical analyses involved the Chi-square and ANOVA tests. Results: A total of 369 DKA cases …

Glp-1 Receptor Agonists And Sglt-2 Inhibitors In Diabetic Nephropathy: A Comparative Study, Sara Ghadeer Alghadeer, Sama Sami Kanfar, Zakiah Dheya Algallaf, Fatimah Mudhar Alfardan, Rana Alshammrany, Maha Farhat, Cyril Cyrus

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To investigate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RAs) on renal function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and compared their efficacy to sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) in managing diabetic nephropathy. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted at King Fahad University Hospital, including 115 adults (≥ 18 years) with T2DM and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73m², treated with GLP-1RAs or SGLT-2i for over 1 year. Patients on renal replacement therapy, nephrotoxic drugs, or with incomplete records were excluded. Data were analyzed with Jeffrey's Amazing Statistics Program; the significant value …

Investigating Medical Radiation Awareness Of Saudi Arabian Cardiologists In Catheterization Labs: A Survey Study, Abdulmajeed Alotaibi, Raseel Alsallum, Reemas Alotaibi, Ali M. Aldhebaib, Noha Althubaity, Oinam Gokulchandra Singh, Zyad M. Almutlaq, Abdulaziz M. Albaraikan, Winnie Philip, Abrar M. Al-Mutairi, Mostafa Alqarras, Basma Alrowailli, Abdulrahman Alkhulaifi, Dhaifallah Ziyad Alanazi

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of interventional cardiologists in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) regarding occupational radiation safety. Occupational radiation exposure poses significant long-term health risks for interventional cardiologists. Understanding current safety knowledge and practices is essential for guiding improvement strategies. Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional survey was administered across several cardiac centers in KSA. The survey evaluated radiation safety awareness, use of dosimetry monitoring, and adherence to protective measures among practicing interventional cardiologists. Results: The study identified notable gaps in radiation safety knowledge and considerable inconsistencies in dosimetry monitoring. Despite these shortcomings, participants demonstrated high compliance …

Awareness Of The Mediterranean Diet And Its Perceived Effect On Cardiovascular Health In The Western Region, Saudi Arabia, Abdullah M. Alharbi, Mohammed S. Alsaedi, Mutaz S. Alharbi, Faisal F. Almutairi, Adeeb M. Aloufi, Azzam M. Alharbi, Rakan D. Alsaedi, Hatim F. Alhejaili, Motasem M. Alyamani

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To increase awareness of mediterranean diet (MD) and its perceived effects on cardiovascular health, enhance knowledge and inform public health efforts aimed at improving the population's health outcomes of. The MD comprises heart-healthy eating patterns high in vegetables, legumes, nuts and seeds, and fruits. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved adult participants who were living in the Western region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The data were collected online through social media platforms, then cleaned, coded, and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 21 to generate key insights. Results: A total of 390 participants were included …

Early Initiation And Dual Patterns Of Cigarette And E-Cigarette Use Among Adults In The Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Haidar A. Alridha, Nora A. Alafif

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To explore the early initiation of cigarette and e-cigarette use and the dual patterns of usage among adults in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from December 2024 to February 2025 among adults living in the Eastern Province. An online self-administered questionnaire collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, smoking behaviors, age of initiation, dual-use patterns, and quit attempts. Convenience sampling was applied, and a total of 551 participants were included. Descriptive statistics summarized distributions of smoking behavior and initiation age. Pearson's Chi-square tests were used to examine associations between smoking status, age of initiation, …

Multidimensional Predictors Of Disease Severity And Health Outcomes In Patients With Sickle Cell Disease: A Data-Driven Clinical Insight, Hind A. Alzahrani, Ruba Omar Mohammed Almaghrabi, Raed Alharbi, Abdulaziz Saleh Alghamdi, Mohammad A. Albanghali, Hanan E. Alyahyawi, Abdulmohsen M. Alruwetei, Besma Garah, Mohammed Alzahrani, Samar Hassan Hjar, Sana Shaker

Saudi Medical Journal

Objectives: To describe the clinical, hematologic, and therapeutic characteristics of hospitalized adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) in the Al-Baha region and to identify factors that predict hospitalization as well as transfusion frequency. Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was conducted on 117 adults with confirmed SCD who were admitted to King Fahad Hospital-Al-Baha during 2022–2024. Demographic information, hematologic parameters, clinical features, hospitalization rate, transfusion history, and treatment protocols were collected from the electronic medical records. Statistical analyses (ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, Chi-square tests, and Fisher's exact Test) were performed to compare between groups where applicable. Results: The cohort had a mean …

Prevalence And Clinical Correlates Of Intraspinal And Vertebral Anomalies In Congenital, Adolescent Idiopathic, And New-Onset Scoliosis: A Comparative Study In Saudi Arabia, Faisal M Alkhunein, Mishari N Alanezi, Nwaf A Alshahir, Abdulkarim S Alsulimi, Abdulrahman H Salman, Habib Ullah Chaudhary, Abdulmajeed A Alzakri

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To explore the prevalence of and clinical associations between intraspinal and vertebral abnormalities in patients with congenital scoliosis (CS), adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), and early-onset scoliosis in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This retrospective cohort investigation included patients aged 18 years or younger diagnosed with CS, AIS, or new-onset idiopathic scoliosis who underwent full-spine magnetic resonance imaging between 2015 and 2025 at a tertiary center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Clinical and radiological data were collected, and intraspinal and vertebral anomalies were classified. Statistical analyses included Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: A …

Dietary Fat Intake And Its Influence On The Association Between Liver Fat And Brain Choline Metabolism In Young Saudi Women, Halima S. Hawesa, Mansour E. Shanawani, Haya A. Alshegri, Mahasin G. Hassan, Amal I. Alorainy, Nouf A. Alroqaiba, Shanoo G. A. Sheikh

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: Fat-rich nutrition may influence the neurochemical consequences of hepatic lipid accumulation. This study examined whether percent energy from fat modifies the association between liver fat and the brain (Cho/Cr) ratio in healthy young women. Methods: A total of 109 healthy Saudi women aged 18–25 years underwent brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) to quantify Cho/Cr ratios. Liver fat was estimated using MRI-based proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and lipid intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable regression models tested the interaction between liver fat and fat-derived energy intake, followed by simple slopes analysis, regression …

Urinary Incontinence's Prevalence, Risk Factors, And Quality Of Life Impact On Working Women In Saudi Arabia, Ahmed Mansor, Hatim Tagalsir Osman Ali, Maha Ali, Arwa Abd Al Salam Ashry, Ghala Abdullah Alharbi, Khalid Albasheer, Omer Munder, Isam Mohamed Babbiker Ahmed

Saudi Medical Journal

Background: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and severity of Urinary incontinence (UI) among working women in Saudi Arabia (SA), identify the associated demographic, lifestyle, medical, and obstetric risk factors, and assess its effect on quality of life and work productivity. The UI is a common underreported condition that affects women's daily functioning and life quality, particularly in the workplace. Methods: During 2025, 390 working women in SA who were at least 18 years old and from various work sectors participated in a descriptive cross-sectional survey. Data were gathered using a validated, structured questionnaire; statistical analysis was carried out …

Artificial Intelligence In Pharmaceutical Care: Transforming Drug Discovery, Development, And Patient-Care Delivery, Abdulrahman G. Alharbi, Abdulrahman A. Aljabri

Saudi Medical Journal

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into pharmaceutical care represents a paradigm shift in healthcare delivery, offering unprecedented opportunities to revolutionize medication management, accelerate drug development, and enhance patient outcomes. This comprehensive review synthesized evidence from global literature (2021–2025) examining AI applications across drug discovery and development, clinical trials optimization, medication therapy management, and pharmacy operations. The AI demonstrated prediction accuracies of 86–98% in drug discovery, 80% improvement in clinical trial recruitment efficiency, and 32.7% increase in medication adherence over standard care. The global AI drug discovery market, valued at \$1.5 billion (2023), is projected to reach \$11.8 billion by …

Emerging Strategies For Cardio-Renal Protection Beyond Raas Blockade: Emphasis On Non-Diabetic Ckd And Resistant Hypertension, Fahad S. Alrashidi

Saudi Medical Journal

Non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (ND-CKD) complicated by resistant hypertension remains a high-risk phenotype even when renin–angiotensin system blockade is optimized. This review synthesizes contemporary evidence for cardio-renal protection beyond traditional renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition (RAASi), with emphasis on mechanisms, clinical trial data, and pragmatic sequencing. Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors provide hemodynamic and tubular benefits that translate into renal and heart failure risk reduction in many patients with ND-CKD. Non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism (MRA) like finerenone targets inflammatory and fibrotic signaling and may add incremental benefit when potassium is proactively managed. The GLP-1 receptor agonists offer cardiometabolic advantages with emerging kidney signals, …

The Use Of Platelet-Rich Plasma For De Quervain's Tenosynovitis: A Systematic Review With Limited Meta-Analysis, Abdullah W. Abumadian, Mohanad I. Binibrahim, Abdurrahman H. Sultan, Mohammed A. Addas, Hattan Y. Bamagaus, Sultan K. Alhaddad, Motasem O. Bamabad, Bayan A. Ghalimah

Saudi Medical Journal

Introduction: De Quervain's tenosynovitis (DQT) is a painful wrist condition that impairs daily activities. Corticosteroid (CS) injections are commonly used for symptom relief, but their effects may diminish over time. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a regenerative alternative that promotes tissue healing rather than merely suppressing inflammation. This systematic review and limited meta-analysis compare the efficacy and safety of PRP versus CS injections in DQT. A limited meta-analysis was chosen due to the high heterogeneity between studies (I² = 98.7%). Methodology: A comprehensive literature search identified six studies comparing PRP and CS injections. Pain and functional outcomes …

Healthcare-Associated Infection Causes And Mitigation Strategies: A Systematic Review, Mohammad Irfan, Nahed Alquwez

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To describe the landscape of healthcare-associated infections (HAI) and, in particular, to pay attention to the types of infection that are usually seen, the most common infectious agents involved and the effective prevention strategies. Methods: A detailed search was performed using Google and PubMed, and studies that exclusively addressed healthcare associated infections or their mitigation. Studies published since 2000 were included. Data from individual articles were extracted and categorized by study focus, type of infection, causes and contributing factors, and documented mitigation strategies. Editorials, reviews, case studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews were excluded. Results: The analysis showed that infections …

Clinical Outcomes Of Decompression Versus Decompression With Instrumented Fusion For Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Secondary To Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Lama N. Alqahtani, Ahmed K. Alzahrani, Razan A. Almutairi, Abdulaziz M. Salah, Shahad F. Khan, Mohammad G. Sindi, Khalid E. Fassi, Abdulrahman M. Alshami, Ibrahim A. Hakami

Saudi Medical Journal

Objective: To compare decompression alone with decompression with fusion in patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid, and Web of Science databases were searched up to March 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The primary outcomes were the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores. The secondary outcomes included operative time, length of hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, reoperation, complications, and cost. Pooled analysis was performed using a random-effects model in Review Manager following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis 2020. The quality of included randomized trials was evaluated using the …

The Role Of The Nlrp3 Inflammasome In Preeclampsia And Implantation Failure: A Molecular Review, Ari Budi Suryawinata, Mariel Tania Darmayani, Listyani Suhargo

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a critical multiprotein complex of the innate immune system that functions as a molecular sensor for a wide array of danger signals. While its activation is essential for host defense and tissue homeostasis, its dysregulation is increasingly implicated in the pathophysiology of numerous inflammatory disorders. This review article synthesizes the current molecular understanding of the NLRP3 inflammasome, focusing on its dual role in health and disease. We first provide a concise overview of the canonical two-step mechanism of NLRP3 activation and the intricate molecular checkpoints including genetic factors, post-translational …

Effects Of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy And Lactation On Immune Development In Offspring: A Systematic Review, Kurnia Maidarmi Handayani, Ghaniyyatul Khudri, Laura Zeffira, Widia Sari

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Vitamin D, a fat-soluble prohormone, is essential for skeletal health and plays a key role in immune regulation. Deficiency is common among pregnant and lactating women, raising concerns as fetal and neonatal vitamin D status relies entirely on maternal stores. Insufficiency during these periods is linked to preterm birth, low birth weight, and immune-mediated disorders. This review examines the effects of maternal vitamin D supplementation on the immune development of offspring.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251117397). Experimental rodent studies published between 2019 and 2022 that investigated maternal vitamin …

Skip Segment Hirschsprung's Disease: Report Of A Rare Case And Literature Review, Nimmita Srisan, Paisarn Vejchapipat, Natcha Wanpiyarat

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

We present an unusual case of skip segment Hirschsprung’s disease which was initially diagnosed with total colonic aganglionosis. A term male newborn presented with distal intestinal obstruction underwent exploratory laparotomy at three days old after ultrasound-guided contrast enema. Intra-operative frozen section of the full-thickness biopsies of each part of the colon and terminal ileum reported no ganglion cells, so we performed double-end ileostomy. Although all the final pathology reports confirmed no ganglion cells similar to the frozen sections, we were curious about the problematic bowel because of preoperative imaging (at the age of 30 months) which showed dilated transverse colon. …