Effects Of Electrical Exercise On Self-Reported Depression And Quality Of Life In Those With Spinal Cord Injury, Aj Barber, Eric Heidorn, John Mcdaniel, Cody S. Dulaney

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

One of the most common psychological disorders that occur as a result of spinal cord injury (SCI) is depression along with reductions in quality of life. Moreover, depression is correlated with quality of life. It is increasingly apparent that exercise offers an accessible and non-pharmacological intervention to ease depressive symptoms and improve quality of life. Unfortunately, access to meaningful exercise options remains challenging to those with mobility impairments such as those seen with SCI. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the chronic engagement of home-based electrical stimulation exercise (ESE) on self-reported depression and quality of life …

Effects Of Electrical Exercise And Affect On Self-Reported Anxiety In Those With Spinal Cord Injury, John Zimmerman, Eric Heidorn, John Mcdaniel, Cody S. Dulaney

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Those who have incurred a spinal cord injury (SCI) have severe and immediate changes to their lifestyle. Those with SCI have reported reduced levels of positive affect and no change in negative affect compared to controls. Also, those with SCI may have reduced opportunities for engaging in meaningful exercise either due to mobility or equipment access limitations. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the chronic engagement of home-based electrical stimulation exercise (ESE) on self-reported anxiety and positive and negative affect. METHODS: 9 individuals with ASIA A or B SCI were recruited for this study. Participants …

Animal-Assisted Services And Occupational Therapy Within An Australian Context: A Survey Study, Jessica Hill, Carlie Driscoll, Kelly Pearse

People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice

Introduction: The incorporation of animal-assisted services is an emerging field of occupational therapy. There remains varying levels of involvement and knowledge of what is involved in animal-assisted services among Australian occupational therapists. The profession of occupational therapy acknowledges that competence as a clinician requires appropriate education and knowledge guiding clinical decision making.

Research Question: This study aimed to explore the understanding and role of Australian occupational therapists including animal-assisted services in their practice, as well as the changes required to support future service delivery.

Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted online. Participants were recruited through a digital mailing list, …

Cavernous Wonders: Delving Into Cavernous Sinus Syndrome In Neuro-Ophthalmology, Anza Rizvi, Ba

inSIGHT

Cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS) is any disease process that affects the cavernous sinus. This syndrome is marked by a complex interplay of neurovascular symptoms, primarily due to the compression or dysfunction of the cranial nerves that traverse the cavernous sinus. Understanding the intricate details of this syndrome is critical to providing optimal care and improving patient outcomes.

Seeing Clearly: A Bright Future With Light Adjustable Intraocular Lenses For Presbyopia, Shady Mina, Bs

inSIGHT

Presbyopia, or the age-related decline in the ability to focus on near objects, is a common vision disorder that affects 1.8 billion people globally, with this number expected to increase to 2.1 billion by 2030.^1-4 A diminished accommodation response is the primary cause of presbyopia.¹ The eye has a very complex accommodation mechanism that permits people to distinctly see objects from various distances.^1,3 Even though the precise mechanism of accommodation is yet to be determined, the current evidence strongly supports Helmholtz’s theory, which claims that the thickness and curvature of the eye’s lens increase while its diameter …

Medical Missions, Ethical Considerations And The Future For Healthcare Delivery In Ophthalmology, Robert Medina, Ba

inSIGHT

Beginning hundreds of years ago, priests from Europe embarked on ‘medical missions’ with the goals of delivering care to the body, mind, and soul. Hundreds of years later, members of the United States healthcare system set out on humanitarian medical missions to provide medical assistance to communities in developing countries.¹ The concept of providing care internationally as a product of global social responsibility has become engrained in the United States healthcare system, and is popular among providers, trainees, and pre-medical students. In 2023, 21.8% (n = 3264) of matriculating medical students reported participating in international volunteer work, while 7.0% …

Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia, Bahram Pashaee, Mph, Bs

inSIGHT

Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia is an inherited or sporadic form of dystrophy that preferentially affects the extraocular muscles of the eye. While this dystrophy can manifest systemically, the extraocular muscles are commonly involved due to their constant metabolic demands and vulnerability to oxidative stress.¹ This preferential involvement of the eyelid levator muscle and extraocular muscles makes CPEO an important condition to consider in a differential diagnosis for eyelid asymmetry and double vision among other conditions such as myasthenia gravis, thyroid-associated ophthalmoplegia, and other mitochondrial myopathies.² This dystrophy tends to occur in the third or fourth decade of life. …

Macular Holes: Diagnosis, Treatment, And Complications, Ayra Khan, Bs

inSIGHT

Macular hole is a condition that affects the central visual field of the eye. Without prompt diagnosis and intervention, macular holes can progressively worsen, significantly impacting both vision and overall quality of life.

Cmv Retinitis: An Expert’S Perspective, Caitlyn Kwun, Ba

inSIGHT

Uveitis is a rare inflammatory disease with a prevalence of around 38 per 100,000 people and is the overall 5th leading cause of blindness in the developed world.^1,2 Uveitis is most commonly found in patients younger than 40 years of age, but it can occur in any age group with an etiology that varies within each age demographic.^1,3 While the etiology of certain forms of uveitis are not fully understood, there are some that are autoimmune in nature and others that are associated with systemic diseases such as sarcoidosis.⁴ Uveitis may be inflammatory or infectious. It may …

Bridging The Global Gap Of Blindness Through Artificial Intelligence - Exploring The Tools Of Ai To Address The Top Causes Of Blindness In Under-Resourced Communities Worldwide, Nathan Delacth, Bs

inSIGHT

Technological advancements have allowed us to submerge in a sea of innovation and excellence in medicine. Electronic health records transformed the healthcare landscape, improving portability of patient information while streamlining communication and fostering collaboration.¹ Imaging technologies, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Optical computed tomography (OCT), granted us the ability to view internal structures using non-invasive methods. In a similar vein, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as an impactful force in various fields of medicine, and its influence on ophthalmology is no exception.

Evolution Of Lamellar Keratoplasty, Ishan Kasat, Bs

inSIGHT

Overview of Keratoplasty The evolution of corneal transplantation, or keratoplasty, has seen a paradigm shift from traditional penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) to the refined precision of lamellar keratoplasty (LK). Penetrating, or full thickness, keratoplasty is a replacement of all corneal layers: epithelium, Bowman's layer, stroma, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium.¹ Lamellar, or partial thickness, keratoplasty involves replacement of either epithelium and stroma (anterior lamellar) or Descemet’s membrane and endothelium (posterior lamellar).² From 1985 to 2004, over 95% of graft tissues were used for PKP. However, from 2005 to 2014, the percentage of PKP procedures decreased from 95% to 42%, while …

The Myopia Epidemic: Exploring The Pathology And Management Of The World’S Most Common Eye Disorder, Gabriella Baldassarre, Bs

inSIGHT

Myopia is the most common eye disorder in the world and an increasing cause of vision impairment in children.¹ Myopia is an imbalance in the refractive components of the eye and its length, leading to inaccurate focusing of light rays in front of the retina tissue instead of on it. There is a spectrum of severity of myopia, from mild nearsightedness to a more severe form known as high or degenerative myopia, which has the potential to cause vision loss and blindness. There is evidence of a developing myopia epidemic, with an estimated one-third of the world population affected …

Insight, Volume 4, Issue 1, 2024

inSIGHT

Contents

8 - The Myopia Epidemic: Exploring the Pathology and Management of the World’s Most Common Eye Disorder
By Gabriella Baldassare

15 - Evolution of Lamellar Keratoplasty
By Ishan Kasat

19 - Bridging the Global Gap of Blindness Through Artificial Intelligence
By Nathan Delacth

24 - CMV Retinitis: An Expert’s Perspective
By Caitlyn Kwun

29 - Macular Holes: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Complications
By Ayra Khan

36 - Chronic Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia
By Bahram Pashaee

39 - Medical Missions, Ethical Considerations, and the Future for Healthcare Delivery in Ophthalmology
By Robert Medina

43 - Shaping the Future of Vision: The Rise …

Mixed Methods Evaluation Of Nutrition Education For Limited Resource Audiences, Amanda J. Skalka, Sarah L. Francis, Ulrike Genschel, Ruth E. Litchfield

The Journal of Extension

This paper presents an exploratory evaluation of pilot nutrition education programs, Plan Shop Save Cook (PSSC). Behavior change between two nutrition education programs, Buy Eat Live Healthy (BELH; n=92 and PSSC; n=42), was examined using pre- and post-program questionnaire responses. Both programs resulted in significant improvement in food resource management (FRM) behaviors; however, there was no significant difference in the amount of change between the programs. Qualitative data suggests participants perceived label reading as the most useful information provided in the PSSC programs. The current findings suggest short-term behavior change can be achieved with a limited dose program.

Leveraging 4-H To Address Emergent Health Needs During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Epidemiology Pilot Project, Anne Marie Iaccopucci, Marcel Horowitz, Dorina Espinoza, Roshan Nayak

The Journal of Extension

4-H academics responded to the Covid pandemic by rapidly adapting CDC and other resources for virtual delivery. A statewide epidemiology project was taught to 48 youth with the goal of minimizing fears and confusion, increasing prevention measures, leveraging current topics for education, and bolstering the social-emotional health of youth participants. Results indicated that youth enjoyed the project and adopted behaviors to reduce the spread of infectious diseases, such as increased mask-wearing.

Examining The Factor Structure Of A Subjective Well-Being Measure In A Medical Student Sample, Hoan Do, Mary Wurm-Schaar, Gordon Brooks

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

Accreditation standards for U.S. medical education programming require that training programs promote trainee wellness and well-being, although constructs such as psychological distress and depression commonly serve as proxies for well-being. A direct measure of subjective well-being would be invaluable to inform programming efforts to promote medical trainees’ well-being and advance the study of the well-being construct itself. This study investigated the structural validity of subjective well-being as measured by the Well-Being Scale in a sample of 548 osteopathic medical students. Results of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated that subjective well-being is best represented by a bifactor model with a general …

We Can Walk Together: Motivational Interviewing In Helping Professions, Nathan E. Purdue

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

Psychotherapists and researchers alike reasonably express ambivalence in the extant literature concerning its effectiveness. On one hand, psychotherapists can feel relief that the more than 500 theoretical paradigms that exist are statistically effective in their treatment. On the other hand, research consistently indicates that the existence of evidence-based treatments have not decreased the prevalence of common psychological problems such as major depressive disorder. Barriers to treatment abound, and motivation/adherence to treatment protocols may be a difficult process for a patient suffering through a psychosocial quandary. Additionally, psychological disorders inherently have perpetuating behaviors that may impede or attenuate treatment progress. Motivational …

Killing Cancer: Manipulating Hydrophobic Vanadium Complexes To Improve Anti-Cancer Activity, Levi Ausherman, Debbie C. Crans, Peter A. Lay, Maggi Braasch-Turi

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

Hydrophobic vanadium complexes have recently shown improved anti-cancer activities compared to cisplatin. The hydrophobicity and anti-proliferative activity of [VO(Hshed)(dtb)] ([Hshed= N-(salicylideneaminato)-N’-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,2-ethanediamine and dtb= 3,5-di(tert-butyl)catechol)]) have inspired the development of a library of hydrophobic vanadium complexes. Increasing the steric bulk of the catechol ligand has been shown to have a direct impact on hydrophobicity and anti-proliferative activities. Currently at Fort Hays State University, the Braasch-Turi group is synthesizing VO(HSHED)(dtb) to build up material to support the chemical analysis and biological assay performed by our collaborators at Colorado State University and the University of Sydney, Australia, respectively. In the future, we plan …

Detecting The 2-Micron Plasmid In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Caitlin C. Allen, Eric T. Gillock

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

This research is a continuation of work started by a previous student, Camryn Greving. Camryn was screening for the presence of the 2-micron plasmid using PCR primers specific for the REP2 gene, devised by Nakayashiki et al. In this research, we confirmed the presence of the plasmid by using primers specific for the RAF1 gene, which were designed by Strope et al.

Multicultural Gerotranscendence: A Theoretical Approach To Working With Older Adults, Whitney George, Danielle Schlittler

Adultspan Journal

With the growing number of the aging population, the call for counselors to understand the developmental processes of all clients is essential. The theories of gerotranscendence and multicultural counseling and therapy are central to the understanding of adult development in later life. The use of these two theories together provides a theoretical basis for counselors wishing to provide services to diverse older adults.

Exploring The Relationship Between College Students' Self-Reported Listening Habits With Apple Airpods Or Earbuds And Pure Tone Hearing Threshold Outcomes, Blake Roth, Maegan Koch, Aubree Warner, Annika Wallace, Romina Gehrts, Austin Drake

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

This study investigated the relationship between self-reported listening habits of college students and their auditory threshold screening outcomes. Survey data was collected in addition to the completion of basic audiometry screening procedures. Results indicated most participants listen to portable devices within safe ranges. While these results are encouraging, continued efforts should be made to educate users of portable listening devices on the negative effects of music-induced hearing loss.

Impact Of Exercise On Burnout Of Nursing Students, Kelly Foudray

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

Background: An important topic as a nurse educator is how to provide nursing students with adequate self-care strategies to help prevent feelings of burnout. Burnout is an issue not only that affects healthcare workers, but also those who are studying to work in the medical field, for example nursing students. Nursing students experience high levels of stress due to the significant workload throughout nursing school. Nursing students also go through a rigorous curriculum that is often inflexible. Many nursing programs have a competitive atmosphere among classmates, and they are also preparing for the NCLEX examination. All these factors can …

Exploring Student Ageism Perceptions Using Life Review: An Educational Intervention, Rene Wren

Journal of Innovation in Health Sciences Education

Exploring Student Ageism Perceptions Using Life Review: An Educational Intervention

Abstract

Background: Addressing student ageism is essential for promoting desires to work with older adults, but little is known about how life review intervention, used as an educational tool in OT programs, can affect ageism. This study aimed to explore the effect of life review on OT students’ ageism perceptions and desires to work with older adults.

Design: A qualitative focus group research approach was performed.

Method: Thirty entry-level occupational therapy students from a Texas university were used as a convenient sample. After participating in a 4-hour workshop, students conducted …

Naloxone Prescribing For High-Risk Opioid Patients In Primary Care, Theresa Turk

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

Objective: Primary care providers have an integral role in combating the opioid epidemic and preventing opioid-related deaths. One method of prevention is prescribing naloxone to patients at high risk for overdose. Naloxone is a medication that bystanders may administer during an overdose situation that can reverse the life-threatening side effects of opioids. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to increase the number of naloxone prescriptions written by primary care providers to patients on opioids considered at high risk for overdose. High-risk patients were considered those prescribed opioids over 50 morphine equivalents (MME) and those who had co-prescribed benzodiazepines. …

Assessing Language Abilities In School-Age Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Practices Of Speech-Language Pathologists, Mckayla M. Sprague, Cassandra Callahan, Tyrell Perrigo, Ran An

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

Through an online survey conducted with 64 certified speech-language pathologists (SLPs) from 23 U.S. states, this study sheds light on the complex process of assessing language skills in school-aged children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The responses gathered reveal the significant challenges SLPs face, stemming from the vast diversity within the ASD spectrum. These insights strongly suggest a need for adopting assessment strategies that are not only more adaptable and thorough, but also deeply mindful of neurodiversity and the distinct communication skills present in children with ASD.

Screening Environmental Soil Samples For Antibiotic Production, Paige Mattick

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

Antibiotic resistance is a detrimental worldwide challenge, producing bacterial infections that are progressively more difficult to treat and cure. To attempt to help alleviate this issue, we screened soil samples for the presence of antibiotic-producing microorganisms. Soil samples were collected and diluted to 1:100 and 1:1000 ratios of soil and distilled water. These soil mixtures were then streaked onto tryptic soy agar (TSA) plates and incubated at 30℃ until colonies developed. These colonies were then selected and plated on a lawn of Serratia marcescens, which was utilized as the target organism.

Serratia marcescens was selected due to its known resistance …

The Role Of School-Based Dental Sealing Programs And Fluoride Varnish In Preventing Caries, Gyuri Park

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

To examine the effectiveness of school-based dental sealant programs and fluoride varnish applied to the teeth, we analyzed existing research on both methods. We also reviewed data from past research to reason the need for state funds, a sealant metric, and the elimination of prior exam rules for hygienists to increase dental sealant programs in the United States. Both dental sealants and fluoride varnish applied to the molar were found to be effective in caries prevention in existing dental research.

Effects Of Yoga On Older Residing In Assisted Living Facilities, Anita Walters, Luke Kriley

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

Although the number of adults aged 65 and older has been steadily increasing world-wide for the past three decades, few studies have been conducted to explore the benefits of a yoga-type exercise program for those residing in assisted living facilities. A within-subjects repeated measures quasi-experimental design was used to examine the effectiveness of standing yoga postures in improving strength, balance, and quality of life in older adults currently residing in an assisted living facility. In the single-group design the participants were pre-assessed in week one, reassessed in week 2 for test-retest reliability, attended a 30-minute exercise session three times per …

Nationwide Survey: Disparities In Speech-Language Pathology Service Knowledge Between Hispanic Communities And The General Public Through Explanatory Mixed Methods, Kendra Lujan, Katie Geerdes, Madalyn Morelock, Ran An

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

Despite ongoing efforts to bridge healthcare disparities, ethnic and language minorities continue to face significant challenges in accessing services (Mahmoud et al., 2014). Yet, in the realm of speech-language pathology (SLP) services, scant empirical research has identified the barriers impeding minority clients' access (Mahendra et al., 2009). With the Hispanic population growing (United States Census Bureau, 2023), identifying their knowledge of and potential access to speech-language pathology services is crucial. This study employed mixed explanatory methods, conducted a nationwide survey with 227 participants across 27 states, and interviewed 12 participants from both Hispanic and non-Hispanic communities, elucidating the challenges faced …

Opioid Prescribing Habits Of Emergency Department Providers In Response To An Educational Intervention, Tory A. Makela, Benjamin Aaker

Aesculapius Journal (Health Sciences & Medicine)

Opioid prescribing habits of Emergency Department providers in response to an educational intervention

Tory Makela, MS4; Benjamin Aaker, MD

Introduction: Prescription opioid misuse and dependency has been a rising cause for concern in the United States in recent years, and many of these cases began with an initial prescription in the Emergency Department (ED). Prior studies found that patients seen by “high intensity” prescribers, who prescribe greater quantities of opioids than 75% of other ED physicians within the same hospital, are significantly more likely to suffer from long-term opioid use. Other studies have shown that educational interventions on appropriate opioid …