Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Generative Ai (Gan & Vae) In Motion Sickness Research, Harigovind Harikumar, Tomojit Ghosh

Celebration of Undergraduate & Graduate Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activities Materials

No abstract provided.

A Systematic Study Of Freezing Behavior In Earthworms In Response To Auditory And Vibratory Stimuli, Navjot Singh, A. Burton, Dragana Ivkovich Claflin

Celebration of Undergraduate & Graduate Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activities Materials

While earthworms have largely been studied for their role in eliminating toxic metals from soil, less is known about their behavior overall. Previous work from our lab found that a predator-like auditory stimulus (grunting) reliably induced fear-related freezing behavior (Worthen et al., 2024). The present studies further explore earthworm behaviors in response to audio-vibratory stimuli. In Experiment 1, we manipulated amplitude levels and speaker location to examine the parameters needed to reliably induce a freezing fear response to the grunting sound. It was hypothesized that when the speaker was touching the apparatus and producing an added mechanical vibration, there would …

Comparing Approaches To Estimating Person Parameters For The Mupp Model, David M. Lahuis, Caitlin E. Blackmore, Gage M. Ammons

Psychology Faculty Publications

This study compared maximum a posteriori (MAP), expected a posteriori (EAP), and Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approaches to computing person scores from the Multi-Unidimensional Pairwise Preference Model. The MCMC approach used the No-U-Turn sampling (NUTS). Results suggested the EAP with fully crossed quadrature and the NUTS outperformed the others when there were fewer dimensions. In addition, the NUTS produced the most accurate estimates in larger dimension conditions. The number of items per dimension had the largest effect on person parameter recovery.

Prevalence Of Abortifacient Disorders In Small Ruminants: A Comprehensive Review, Abdul Saboor, Qudratullah Kalwar, Muhammad Mohsen Rahimoon, Hubdar Ali Kolachi, Sajad Ali Laghari, Asmatullah Kaka, Rafique Ahmed, Fayaz Hussain, Taj Muhammad, Atthar Uddin

Journal of Bioresource Management

Abortifacient disorders in small ruminants present a serious problem for livestock farmers, leading to financial losses and lower production rates. This review examines both infectious and non-infectious factors that cause abortions in goats (Capra hircus) and sheep (Ovis aries), which are crucial animals in rural farming practices. Infectious causes, such as bacteria (Brucella melitensis, Chlamydia abortus, Coxiella burnetii), viruses (bluetongue, border disease), and parasites (Toxoplasma gondii), are major factors in reproductive health problems, resulting in considerable livestock losses. Additionally, non-infectious factors like poor nutrition, toxins, and genetic issues also contribute to these …

Green Design Of Plant Based Pharmaceutical Drugs: Example Of A Wound Healing Topical Cream With Plectranthus Bojeri (Benth) Hedge Lamiaceae Extract, Helga Rim Farasoa, Marie Louise Razafindravao, Rojo Fanambinantsoa Andriamiarantsoa, Gerard Cecilien Raboanary, Jean Marie Razafindrakoto, Voahangy Ramanandraibe Vestalys

Journal of Bioresource Management

To ensure the perennity of natural resources, the valorisation process of herbal pharmaceuticals must be assessed for sustainability from the very beginning of its design. No specific tools have been developed for this particular field so far. We demonstrate in this study that existing green design tools can be adapted to evaluate plant-based products manufacturing process. As the example of a topical cream using Plectranthus bojeri (Benth) Hedge LAMIACEAE extract was considered, we first confirmed the traditional use of this plant for wound healing. It acts by accelerating the re-epithelialisation phase. Using the Vermeer Cosmolife version 0.24 software tool the …

Harnessing Natural Medicine As A Resource For Socioeconomic Development, Eneojo Ogu, Martins Emeje, Munira Abdullahi

Journal of Bioresource Management

Natural medicine is currently gaining global acceptance among the developed and developing countries of the world due to its low toxicity, high efficacy and cost effectiveness. Developed countries are devising medicinal systems that require the use of medicinal plant products and resources. Thus, a marked increase in world demand for medicinal plant resources has emerged in the recent years and that has provided a great opportunity for medicinal plants exporting nations to expand their economy shares in this sector. Despite the Nigeria immense socio-economic promise, the country is in critical need following the fact that the multidimensional poverty rate is …

A Review On Wolbachia- A Viable Alternative To Control Aedes-Born Arboviral Diseases, Fatima Khizar, Iqra Mushtaq, Hafsa Masud, Muhammad Sajjad Sarwar

Journal of Bioresource Management

The endemic geographic ranges of mosquitoes are expanding due to various anthropogenic activities including rapid international travel and trade, urbanization, deforestation, and global warming. Hence, Aedes-borne arboviral diseases like dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, or Zika infections would cause severe future outbreaks in non-endemic regions of the world. This threat to global public health highlights an urgent need for the development of efficient and effective mosquito control strategies. To date, a large number of mosquito vector-control strategies have been developed. Each of them has its strengths and weaknesses but the use of intracellular, endosymbiotic reproductive parasitic bacteria named Wolbachia pipientis …

Association Between Teaching Clinic Structure And The Readiness Of Ophthalmology Residents To Enter Independent Practice, T. Michael Kashner, Marjorie A. Bowman, Catherine P. Kaminetzky, Andrea D. Birnbaum, John M. Byrne, Paul B. Greenberg, Steven S. Henley, Karen M. Sanders

Population and Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Our objective is to determine if the structure of Graduate Medical Education teaching clinics is associated with how well ophthalmology residents are prepared to meet the workload demands of independent clinical practice. Resident preparedness to enter independent practice was measured by the Readiness Index. Part of the Department of Veterans Affairs’ new Workload-based Resident Academic Performance measures (WRAP), resident readiness is computed from electronic health records for residents by clinic and service-date. The index compares resident productivity net of supervision and adjusted for care quality to the average productivity of non-supervising ophthalmologists. Readiness comprises a Workload component (ratio of resident …

Hans Holbein's Portrait Of Henry Viii: England's Own Personal Jesus, Amy Pitsor

Best Integrated Writing

Pitsor explores the possibility that Holbein’s late-stage change in the composition of the portrait from a three-quarter view of Henry to a frontal view held a motive to present Henry as the head of the newly established Church of England and as equal to the pope, and possibly to Christ himself.

La Falta De Los Supermercados En El Oeste De Dayton: Cómo Obtienen Los Estudiantes Comida Fresca En Los Desiertos Alimentarios (Un Ensayo Expositivo-Argumentativo, Catherine Iacobacci

Best Integrated Writing

After having learned about how poverty can affect children’s educational outcomes in one of her classes, Iacobacci wanted to learn more about how the issue affected the area where she lived and went to school. What she found out was incredibly shocking, and only furthered the idea that students are struggling with opportunity gaps, not achievement ones. Unfortunately, due to discriminatory loan practices from long ago, children from the 21st century are suffering physically, emotionally, and academically.

The Journey Within: My Travel Journel, Devonique Jones

Best Integrated Writing

This project is a multigenre research exploration that delves into Jones's personal journey of self discovery and growth during her first solo trip.

Investigation Of Ndv In Southern African Waterfowl Reveal Insightful Geographic And Biodiversity Trends To Help Contain The Virus, Lauren Goodwill

Best Integrated Writing

This study assesses the infection rates and trends of Newcastle disease in southern African waterfowl, a project carried out by Emily Murphy in Dr. Jeffrey Peters’ laboratory

Analysis Of The Integration Of Race And Cultural Concordant Doulas Into The Birth Experience Of African American Women, Cherissa Garcia

Best Integrated Writing

Garcia's study looks at how integrating race and cultural-concordant doulas into the birth experience of African American women would impact outcomes. She found similar studies that provided strong evidence to support doula integration. However, most did not select study populations that appropriately reflected the African American women at increased risk of poor outcomes. As a result, Garcia designed a study that looked at race and cultural concordance between doulas and patients from a wide range of SES backgrounds and varying degrees of pregnancy risk.

The Foreigner In Our Midst: Jewish Rights Debates In Revolutionary France, William Evans

Best Integrated Writing

The debates surrounding Jewish rights during the French Revolution concerned many of the same subjects that divide the Western world today. The fear of the other, immigration as a political tool, and the disagreements over assimilation are all subjects which feature prominently today. In this essay Evans sets out to explore these debates while fairly assessing the historical informants.

Junebug In January: A Novel Excerpt, Hannah Carson

Best Integrated Writing

This section of Junebug in January is the beginning of a much longer story that follows eighteen-year-old June and her small family as she attempts to survive the harsh reality of living in the era of the Great Depression and her attempts to survive her Papa’s tasks for her. This story challenges the boundaries of family loyalty, investigates the concept of “saving yourself,” and explores the limits of redemption.

Best Integrated Writing Fall 2024 - Complete Edition, Wright State University School Of Humanities And Cultural Studies, Kristie Mckiernan, Tracy Smith

Best Integrated Writing

Best Integrated Writing includes excellent student writing from Integrated Writing courses taught at Wright State University.

The Acid Sphingomyelinase Inhibitor Imipramine Enhances The Release Of Uv Photoproduct-Containing Dna In Small Extracellular Vesicles In Uvb-Irradiated Human Skin, M. Alexandra Carpenter, Anita Thyagarajan, Madison Owens, Christina E. Borchers, Jeffrey B. Travers, Michael G. Kemp

Dermatology Faculty Publications

Nucleic acids, lipids, and other cell components can be found within different types of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include apoptotic bodies (ABs), large extracellular vesicles (LEVs), and small extracellular vesicles (SEVs). Release of LEVs from cells can be reduced by genetic or pharmacological inhibition of the enzyme acid sphinogomyelinase (aSMase), and indeed several studies have demonstrated a role for the clinically approved aSMase inhibitor imipramine in blocking LEV release, including in response to UVB exposure. Given that exposure of keratinocytes to UVB radiation results in the generation of UVR photoproducts in DNA that can subsequently be found in association with …

Brucellosis And Its Diagnostic Techniques In Animals: A Comprehensive Review, Muhammad Mohsen Rahimoon, Amjad Hussain Mirani, Jam Kashif Sahito, Abdul Latif Bhutto, Pervez Ahmed Khoso, Riaz Ahmed Laghari, Asmatullah Kaka, Muhammad Aqeel, Ghulam Rasool Rahimmon

Journal of Bioresource Management

Brucellosis is a highly zoonotic infection found in animals and human, it has a high death ratio and lifetime sterility rate. The rates of intra- and interspecific infections have dramatically increased in recent years as a result of inadequate management and scarce resources particularly in developing nations. In cattle, reduced milk yield and elevated body temperature are the primary indicators, whereas in humans, soaring fever, overall malaise, and arthritis are the hallmarks of late-term abortion. Despite the fact that this diseases in animals and humans found unclear clinically, it will leads towards the hindrance in diagnosing this infectious illness serologically, …

A Review On Poultry; Semen Storage And Preservation, Zafar Ali Khoso, Nasir Rajput, Imdad Hussain Leghari, Asmatullah Kaka, Tarique Khokhar

Journal of Bioresource Management

For the improvement of genetic resources and their maintenance, new techniques of assisted reproductive technologies have been developed. Cryopreservation of semen, embryo transfer and artificial insemination in mammals are used, while in the avian technique of artificial insemination after semen cryopreservation is proved fruitful. By using this developed technique, the best fertility rate in chicken can be obtained by artificial insemination. In vitro cryopreservation can affect the motility, life of sperm, viability, fertilizing ability. From mammalian sperm cell, the avian sperm cell is different in shape, size having polyunsaturated fatty acid. The use of suitable cryo-protectants and semen extender can …

Artificial Fruit Ripening Agents And Their Impact On Health Of The University Students In Lahore, Muhammad Ahsan, Faraz Ahmad, Faiza Usman, Shamaila Habib, Imran Shahid, Sohail Abbas, Sajida Munir

Journal of Bioresource Management

To evaluate the impact of chemicals used in artificial fruit ripening and to create an approach for raising public awareness of the risks associated with artificial fruit ripening. It was a cross-sectional and observational study, in which data was gathered from 900 university students by convenient sampling technique in Lahore. The duration of research was from May 2021 to Dec 2021. The adverse reactions caused due to different fruits were recorded on a questionnaire. Candidates included in this research were, aged between 18 years to 28 years and healthy, whereas unhealthy were excluded. Out of 900 participants, 247 (27.4 %) …

Trace Out The Improvement Level And Awareness Of Polycyctic Ovary Syndrome (Pcos) Among General People And Educational Institute Of Developed And Developing Countries, Muhammad Rizwan, Maryam Mushtaq, Asif Bilal, Tabassum Nawaz, Kashif Riaz, Maria Hussain, Mirza Fahad Baig, Saira Ashfaq, Ayesha Mushtaq, Umair Riaz, Mariya Basharat

Journal of Bioresource Management

One of the most prevalent hormonal problems which affect women is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It consists of several fundamentals, including reproductive, metabolic, and cardiovascular ones, and has effects on the patient's health throughout the duration of their life. Limited data is available on PCOS in developing countries like Pakistan. The aim of our study is to trace out the prevalence of PCOS in developed countries like America and China as well as developing countries like Pakistan. The study was done in the above mention developed and developing countries through the interviews of people by online questionnaire. This survey research …

Association Between Multimorbidity And Postoperative Mortality In Patients Undergoing Major Surgery: A Prospective Study In 29 Countries Across Europe, Starsurg Collaborative, Eurosurg Collaborative

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

Background Multimorbidity poses a global challenge to healthcare delivery. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of multimorbidity, common disease combinations and outcomes in a contemporary cohort of patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Methods This was a pre-planned analysis of a prospective, multicentre, international study investigating cardiovascular complications after major abdominal surgery conducted in 446 hospitals in 29 countries across Europe. The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative mortality. The secondary outcome measure was the incidence of complications within 30 days of surgery. Results Of 24,227 patients, 7006 (28.9%) had one long-term condition and 10,486 (43.9%) had multimorbidity (two or more …

Proactive Psychiatry: Innovating The Delivery Of Consultation-Liaison Services In A Pediatric Hospital, Elizabeth Schindler, Katherine Winner, Ramzi W. Nahhas, Gianni Maione, Aisha Jamison, Kelly Blankenship

Population and Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: The benefits of a proactive consultation-liaison psychiatry service have been well documented in the adult population, including decreased length of stay (LOS), increased satisfaction among physicians, and enhanced collaborative care. However, there is no available research on the effectiveness of this model in pediatric hospitals. Objective: This study compared patients aged 5–18 years on a general medical floor receiving a proactive psychiatry consult to concurrent controls receiving no consult and to historical controls receiving traditional reactive consults. Methods: New admissions to two pediatric general medical hospital teams were reviewed on weekday mornings to identify those with active psychiatric concerns. …

Low-Acuity Pediatric Emergency Department Utilization, Lisa Ziemnik, Noah Parker, Kyra Bufi, Kristen Waters, Jacob Almeda, Adrienne Stolfi

Medical Education Faculty Publications

Objectives: Proper emergency department (ED) utilization is a hallmark of population health. Emergency department overcrowding due to nonurgent visits causes increased stress to healthcare staff, higher costs, and longer wait times for more urgent cases. This study sought to better understand post pandemic reasons caregivers have when bringing in their children for nonurgent visits and devise effective interventions to improve caregiver choice for non-ED care for nonurgent conditions.

Methods: Surveys were conducted at an urban pediatric hospital for Emergency Severity Index (ESI) level 3 to 5 visits. A total of 602 surveys were completed with 8 being excluded from analysis. …

Competency-Based Medical Education And The Education Continuum: Establishing A Framework For Lifelong Learning, Ann E. Burke, Daniel J. Sklansky, Hilary M. Haftel, Andrew Mitchell, Keith J. Mann

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Competency Based Medical Education (CBME) is built on the concept that the competencies of learners, both graduates and practicing physicians, should ensure they are ready to meet the ever-changing healthcare needs of patients.1, 2, 3 Education outcomes in a CBME system are defined based on the needs of patients, and in healthy CBME systems, there is a paradigm shift from a focus on process and teachers to outcomes and learners.2,4 CBME should occur across the continuum of one's career, from undergraduate medical education through retirement. Furthermore, learners must be accustomed to driving their own educational processes.4,5 This learner-centered perspective requires …

Three-Dimensionalization Mediates The Subjective Experience Of Fractal Interior Spaces, Joori Suh, William Stalker, Steen Pedersen, Assaf Harel

Psychology Faculty Publications

A fractal, a self-similar organic or geometric pattern that repeats at varying scales, is one of the most compelling characteristics found in nature. Previous studies on fractal patterns have demonstrated consistent trends in potential psychological benefits, such as stress reduction. However, we fall short of understanding one of the essential properties of fractals found in nature, i.e., the three-dimensionality of their appearance. In this study, we aimed at understanding the role of the three-dimensionalization of fractal patterns in spatial structures on human subjective perceptual experience. Two hundred seventy three-dimensional spatial prototype models were created for this study, spanning two dimensions: …

High-Grade Liver Injuries With Contrast Extravasation Managed Initially With Interventional Radiology Versus Observation: A Secondary Analysis Of A Wta Multicenter Study, Negaar Aryan, Areg Grigorian, Erika Tay-Lasso, Michael Cripps, Heather Carmichael, Robert Mcintyre, Shane Urban, Catherine Velopulos, Clay Cothren Burlew, Shana Ballow, Rachel C. Dirks, Aimee Lariccia, Michael S. Farrell, Deborah M. Stein, Michael S. Truitt, Heather M. Grossman Verner, Caleb J. Mentzer, T. J. Mack, Chad G. Ball, Kaushik Mukherjee, Georgi Mladenov, Daniel J. Haase, Hossam Abdou, Thomas J. Schroeppel, Jennifer Rodriquez, Miklosh Bala, Natasha Keric, Morgan Crigger, Navpreet K. Dhillon, Eric J. Ley, Tanya Egodage, John Williamson, Tatiana Cp Cardenas, Vadine Eugene, Kumash Patel, Kristen Costello, Stephanie Bonne, Fatima S. Elgammal, Warren Dorlac, Claire Pederson, Nicole L. Werner, James M. Haan, Kelly Lightwine, Gregory Semon, Kristen Spoor, Laura A. Harmon, Jason M. Samuels, M. C. Spalding, Jeffry Nahmias

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

Background: High-grade liver injuries with extravasation (HGLI + Extrav) are associated with morbidity/mortality. For low-grade injuries, an observation (OBS) first-strategy is beneficial over initial angiography (IR), however, it is unclear if OBS is safe for HGLI + Extrav. Therefore, we evaluated the management of HGLI + Extrav patients, hypothesizing IR patients will have decreased rates of operation and mortality. Methods: HGLI + Extrav patients managed with initial OBS or IR were included. The primary outcome was need for operation. Secondary outcomes included liver-related complications (LRCs) and mortality. Results: From 59 patients, 23 (39.0%) were managed with OBS and 36 (61.0%) …

In-Hospital Risk Factors For Reintervention And Amputation In Brachial Arterial Trauma, Aast Proovit Study Group, Justin M. Robbins, Corinna Crayton, Isaac Koloditch, Casey Walk, Limayre Gramajo, Samantha Shugar, Peter Ekeh, Joseph Dubose, Yee Wong, Cathline Layba

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

Introduction: Brachial artery trauma is a rare but potentially devastating injury. There is little data regarding risk factors for reintervention and amputation prevention in this population, as well as anticoagulant (AC) and antiplatelet (AP) regimens and outcomes after discharge in trauma patients with vascular injuries requiring repair. This study aims to identify in-hospital risk factors for reintervention and amputation and stratify outcomes of follow-up by discharge AC or AP regimen. Methods: The AAST Prospective Observational Vascular Injury Trial database was queried for all patients who underwent traumatic brachial arterial repair from 2013 to 2022. Patients were evaluated by need for …

The College Campus, A Place Of Learning, And A Place Of Healing, Huma Bashir, Joshua Francis

Human Services Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath have precipitated a marked increase in mental health needs among college students. Lockdowns, the sudden shift to remote learning, and social distancing mandates have compounded existing challenges, highlighting a trend that has evolved over the past two decades. Despite heightened demand for mental health support, colleges struggle to meet these needs amid the emotional aftermath of COVID-19 effectively. Recognizing the pivotal role of higher education institutions in shaping future leaders and addressing and enhancing the mental well-being of the college community is imperative to foster an environment conducive to learning and healing. This paper …

A Prognostic Model For Use Before Elective Surgery To Estimate The Risk Of Postoperative Pulmonary Complications (Gsu-Pulmonary Score), Nihr Global Health Research Unit On Global Surgery, Starsurg Collaborative

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

Background: Pulmonary complications are the most common cause of death after surgery. This study aimed to derive and externally validate a novel prognostic model that can be used before elective surgery to estimate the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications and to support resource allocation and prioritisation during pandemic recovery. Methods: Data from an international, prospective cohort study were used to develop a novel prognostic risk model for pulmonary complications after elective surgery in adult patients (aged ≥18 years) across all operation and disease types. The primary outcome measure was postoperative pulmonary complications at 30 days after surgery, which was a …