Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Resilience In Adolescents Who Survived A Suicide Attempt From The Perspective Of Registered Nurses In Inpatient Psychiatric Facilities, Denise M. Matel-Anderson, Abir K. Bekhet

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The number of deaths by suicide has increased over the last few years. The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore components of resilience in adolescents who survived a suicide attempt from the perspective of nine psychiatric nurses. Resilience was used as a guiding conceptual framework which proposes that resilience is the interplay between risk and protective factors. Three categories emerged including risk factors, protective factors, and future recommendations of suicide prevention strategies. The perspectives gained from this study will help develop nursing interventions for adolescents to overcome risk factors and to build on their protective factors.

Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels And Urinary Cortisol In Women With Chronic Abdominal Pain, Theresa M. Hardy, Donna O. Mccarthy, Nicolaas Fourie, Wendy Henderson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Abstract

Objective

To explore the association of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal activity with ovarian functioning in women with and without chronic abdominal pain (CAP).

Design and Setting

A secondary data analysis was performed with data from female participants in a natural history protocol at the National Institutes of Health.

Participants

A total of 36 women (age range = 19–39 years, mean = 27.11 years) were included in the study.

Methods

This pilot study was conducted with a subset of participants enrolled in a natural history protocol conducted in the Hatfield Clinical Research Center at the National Institutes of Health. The parent study included …

The Relevance Of Sex Differences In Performance Fatigability, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Performance fatigability differs between men and women for a range of fatiguing tasks. Women are usually less fatigable than men, and this is most widely described for isometric fatiguing contractions and some dynamic tasks. The sex difference in fatigability is specific to the task demands so that one mechanism is not universal, including any sex differences in skeletal muscle physiology, muscle perfusion, and voluntary activation. However, there are substantial knowledge gaps about the task dependency of the sex differences in fatigability, the involved mechanisms, and the relevance to clinical populations and with advanced age. The knowledge gaps are in part …

Lubricin In Synovial Fluid Of Mild And Severe Temporomandibular Joint Internal Derangements, Rosalia Leonardi, Rosario E. Perrotta, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Carla Loreto, Giuseppe Musumeci

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Background: To understand the molecular basis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pathologies, we aimed to investigate the lubricin levels in the TMJ synovial fluid (SF) of patients with mild to severe internal derangements (IDs). Material and Methods: A total, 34 joints were the study group. Only patients, with a Wilkes stage of III, IV and V were included, in this sample. Control group consisted of SF from eight joints, from patients undergoing to orthognatic surgery. Concentrations of lubricin in the SF from both samples were measured using ELISA system. Results: The mean lubricin concentration was 7.029 ± 0.21 µg/mL in stage …

Parallel Reference Speaker Weighting For Kinematic-Independent Acoustic-To-Articulatory Inversion, An Ji, Michael T. Johnson, Jeffrey J. Berry

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

Acoustic-to-articulatory inversion, the estimation of articulatory kinematics from an acoustic waveform, is a challenging but important problem. Accurate estimation of articulatory movements has the potential for significant impact on our understanding of speech production, on our capacity to assess and treat pathologies in a clinical setting, and on speech technologies such as computer aided pronunciation assessment and audio-video synthesis. However, because of the complex and speaker-specific relationship between articulation and acoustics, existing approaches for inversion do not generalize well across speakers. As acquiring speaker-specific kinematic data for training is not feasible in many practical applications, this remains an important and …

Evaluation Of The Healing Progress Of Pressure Ulcers Treated With Cathodal High-Voltage Monophasic Pulsed Current: Results Of A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial, Anna Polak, Luther C. Kloth, Edward Blaszczak, Jakub Taradaj, Agnieszka Nawrat-Szoltysik, Lidia Bialek, Malgorzata Paczula, Andrzej Franek, Cezary Kucio

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of high-voltage monophasic pulsed current (HVMPC) as an adjunct to a standard wound care for the treatment of Stage II and III pressure ulcers (PrUs).

DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical study.

SETTING: Two nursing and care centers.

PATIENTS: Patients with PrUs that did not respond to previous treatment for at least 4 weeks were randomly assigned to the electrical stimulation (ES) group (25 patients; mean age of 79.92 ± 8.50 years; mean wound surface area [WSA] of 10.58 ± 10.57 cm²) or to the control group (24 patients; mean age of 76.33 …

Role Of Vascular Reactive Oxygen Species In Regulating Cytochrome P450-4a Enzyme Expression In Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats, Kathleen M. Lukaszewicz, Mahesh P. Paudyal, John R. Falck, Julian H. Lombard

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

The potential contribution of CYP4A enzymes to endothelial dysfunction in Dahl salt-sensitive rats was determined by comparison to SS-5^BN consomic rats having chromosome 5 carrying CYP4A alleles from the BN rat introgressed into the SS genetic background.

Methods

The following experiments were performed in cerebral arteries from HS-fed SS and SS-5^BN rats ± the SOD inhibitor DETC and/or the superoxide scavenger Tempol: (i) endothelial function was determined via video microscopy ± acute addition of the CYP4A inhibitor DDMS or Tempol; (ii) vascular oxidative stress was assessed with DHE fluorescence ± acute addition of DDMS, l-NAME, or PEG-SOD; …

Color Change Of Commercial Resin Composited With Different Photoinitiators, Feng Gao

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Camphorquinone (CQ) is the most commonly used photoinitiator in light-cured dental resin composites. However CQ is associated with a yellowing effect, which has led manufacturers to add alternative initiators into resin composites to reduce the amount of CQ used. The color change upon polymerization by light and aging in artificial saliva and room air of 8 commercial traditional or bulk-fill resin composites with or without additional photoinitiator(s) beside CQ was studied. The three traditional resin composites with CQ and additional photoinitiator(s) tested were Tetric EvoCeram (Ivoclar Vivadent), AELITE LS Posterior (Bisco), and Vit-l-escence (Ultradent). The two bulk-fill resin composites with …

Baby Dust To All! Identity Construction In Two-Week Wait Online Discussion Forums, Danielle R. Derose

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Women with a self-identified infertility status sometimes choose to address this status by seeking medical intervention. There are a variety of methods available when attempting to conceive using medical treatments, with the choice heavily dependent on the health of each partner. A common first approach by reproductive endocrinologists is that of intrauterine insemination, or IUI. Women undergoing IUI invest significant time and money into the process and often must undergo procedures or take medication that can be enormously distressing. Once the IUI is complete, the woman must wait an emotional two weeks before she finds out if she is pregnant …

Mortality And Complications Following Surgery For Diverticulitis: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Jason M. Haas, Maharaj Singh, Nimish Vakil

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

The surgical treatment of diverticulitis is in a state of evolution. Clinicians across many disciplines need to counsel patients regarding surgical choices.

Objectives

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the mortality and complication rates following surgery for diverticulitis in both the emergent and elective setting.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for relevant articles published from 1980 to 2012. The primary outcome of interest was the point estimate of mortality, following surgery for diverticulitis.

Results

Of the 289 citations reviewed, we included 59 studies. Overall, the point estimate …

A Systematic Review Of The Relationship Between Familism And Mental Health Outcomes In Latino Population, Esmeralds Valdivieso-Mora, Casie L. Peet, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Monica Salazar-Villanea, David K. Johnson

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background: Familismo or familism is a cultural value frequently seen in Hispanic cultures, in which a higher emphasis is placed on the family unit in terms of respect, support, obligation, and reference. Familism has been implicated as a protective factor against mental health problems and may foster the growth and development of children. This study aims at measuring the size of the relationship between familism and mental health outcomes of depression, suicide, substance abuse, internalizing, and externalizing behaviors. Methods: Thirty-nine studies were systematically reviewed to assess the relationship between familism and mental health outcomes. Data from the studies were comprised …

Finding Meaning And Sensemaking In Hospital Nursing Teams: The Promise Of Narrative Medicine, Shelley Bobb

Dissertations (1934 -)

Purpose. Narrative medicine is an innovative field that has provided meaning and increased communication between health care providers and their patients. This study explored the significance and nature of the practice of Narrative Medicine and what impact this had with NICU nurses on their team interaction with respect to team functioning, sense-making, and vocational understanding. This study seeks to provide nursing teams another tool to find meaning in their work and strengthen their teamwork. Using Narrative Medicine and the theory of phenomenology, this is a new approach that may bring nurses to draw on fresh ways to engage their work …

A Fourier Description Of Covariance, And Separation Of Simultaneously Encoded Slices With In-Plane Acceleration In Fmri, Mary C. Kociuba

Dissertations (1934 -)

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies aim to identify localized neural regions associated with a cognitive task performed by the subject. An indirect measure of the brain activity is the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal fluctuations observed within the complex-valued spatial frequencies measured over time. The standard practice in fMRI is to discard the phase information after image reconstruction, even with evidence of biological task-related change in the phase time-series. In the first aim of this dissertation, a complex-valued time-series covariance is derived as a linear combination of second order temporal Fourier frequency coefficients. As opposed to magnitude-only analysis, …

Effects Of Oral Contraceptives On The Prevalence Of Alveolar Osteitis After Mandibular Third Molar Surgery: A Retrospective Study, Luis Eduardo Almeida, Sean Pierce, K. Klar, K. Sherman

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of oral contraceptives on the incidence rate of alveolar osteitis (AO) following the surgical extraction of both impacted mandibular third molars. This retrospective study reviewed the clinical records of patients who presented to the oral surgery clinic of a university school of dentistry for the extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Using a database search, all patients were categorized by sex, age, occurrence of AO, and whether the females were taking oral contraceptives at the time of surgery. The patient was considered positive for AO if either one or both …

Lessons Learned: Newly Hired Nurses' Perspectives On Transition Into Practice, Carolyn Ziebert, Carol Klingbeil, Catherine A. Schmitt, Alice V. Stonek, Joan P. Totka, Ashley Stelter, Rachel Schiffman

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

This descriptive qualitative study explored data from debriefs of all newly hired nurses at 3, 6, and 12 months posthire during a newly designed transition-to-practice program at a pediatric hospital. Four major themes emerged: preceptors, education process, adaptation to the organization, and role transition. Supportive factors included staged orientation, limited preceptors, mentors, regular communication with leaders, and a culture of teamwork. Stressors included too many preceptors, mentorship needs, floating, communication challenges, and organizational changes.

Disclosure Of Depression In Primary Care: A Qualitative Study Of Women’S Perceptions, Abiola O. Keller, Carmen R. Valdez, Rebecca J. Schwei, Elizabeth A. Jacobs

Physician Assistant Studies Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Health care providers are better able to diagnose depression and initiate treatment when patients disclose symptoms. However, many women are reluctant to disclose depressive symptoms. Little is known about the experience of disclosing depression symptoms in primary care among racially and ethnically diverse women across the life course. We qualitatively explore experiences of disclosure of depressive symptoms to primary care providers among self-identified African American, Hispanic and non-Hispanic White women.

Methods

Twenty-four women with depression were recruited for open-ended interviews. We recorded, transcribed, and coded interviews using inductive content analysis.

Findings

Two distinct domains emerged: participant factors that hinder …

Discussion: Advanced Technologies To Improve Wound Healing: Electrical Stimulation, Vibration Therapy, And Ultrasound-What Is The Evidence?, Luther C. Kloth

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Nursing Student Perceptions Regarding Simulation Experience Sequencing, Aimee A. Woda, Theresa Gruenke Schnable, Penny Alt-Gehrman, Jamie Hansen

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

BACKGROUND:

The use of simulated learning experiences (SLEs) have increased within nursing curricula with positive learning outcomes for nursing students. The purpose of this study is to explore nursing students' perceptions of their clinical decision making (CDM) related to the block sequencing of different patient care experiences, SLEs versus hospital-based learning experiences (HLEs).

METHOD:

A qualitative descriptive design used open-ended survey questions to generate information about the block sequencing of SLEs and its impact on nursing students' perceived CDM.

RESULTS:

Three themes emerged from the data: Preexperience Anxiety, Real-Time Decision Making, and Increased Patient Care Experiences.

CONCLUSION:

Nursing students identified …

A Dash To The Top: Educator Debriefing Standards As A Path To Practice Readiness For Nursing Students, Jenny W. Rudolph, Janice Palaganas, Mary K. Fey, Catherine J. Morse, Rachel Onello, Kristina Dreifuerst, Robert Simon

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Muscle-Specific Effective Mechanical Advantage And Joint Impulse In Weightlifting, Kristof Kipp, Chad Harris

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Lifting greater loads during weightlifting exercises may theoretically be achieved through increasing the magnitudes of net joint impulses or manipulating the joints’ effective mechanical advantage (EMA). The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle-specific EMA and joint impulse as well as impulse-momentum characteristics of the lifter-barbell system across a range of external loads during the execution of the clean. Collegiate-level weightlifters performed submaximal cleans at 65, 75, and 85% of their 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) while data from a motion analysis system and a force plate were used to calculate lifter-barbell system impulse and velocity, as well as net extensor …

Mechanical Demands Of The Hang Power Clean And Jump Shrug: A Joint-Level Perspective, Kristof Kipp, Philip Malloy, Jordan Smith, Matthew D. Giordanelli, Michael T. Kiely, Christopher Geiser, Timothy J. Suchomel

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to investigate the joint- and load-dependent changes in the mechanical demands of the lower extremity joints during the hang power clean (HPC) and the jump shrug (JS). Fifteen male lacrosse players were recruited from an NCAA DI team, and completed three sets of the HPC and JS at 30%, 50%, and 70% of their HPC 1-Repetition Maximum (1-RM HPC) in a counterbalanced and randomized order. Motion analysis and force plate technology were used to calculate the positive work, propulsive phase duration, and peak concentric power at the hip, knee, and ankle joints. Separate three-way …

Edge Chipping Resistance And Flexural Strength Of Polymer Infiltrated Ceramic Network And Resin Nanoceramic Restorative Materials, Renos Argyrou, Geoffrey A. Thompson, Seok-Hwan Cho, David W. Berzins

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Statement of problem

Two novel restorative materials, a polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) and a resin nanoceramic (RNC), for computer-assisted design and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD-CAM) applications have recently become commercially available. Little independent evidence regarding their mechanical properties exists to facilitate material selection.

Purpose

The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the edge chipping resistance and flexural strength of the PICN and RNC materials and compare them with 2 commonly used feldspathic ceramic (FC) and leucite reinforced glass-ceramic (LRGC) CAD-CAM materials that share the same clinical indications.

Material and methods

PICN, RNC, FC, and LRGC material specimens …

Current Medical Research Winter/Spring 2016, Richard J. Fehring

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Pituitary Adenylate-Cyclase Activating Polypeptide Regulates Hunger- And Palatability-Induced Binge Eating, Matthew M. Hurley, Brian Maunze, Megan E. Block, Michael J. Reilly, Eugene Kim, Yao Chen, Yan Li, David A. Baker, Qing-Song Liu, Sujean Choi

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

While pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) signaling in the hypothalamic ventromedial nuclei (VMN) has been shown to regulate feeding, a challenge in unmasking a role for this peptide in obesity is that excess feeding can involve numerous mechanisms including homeostatic (hunger) and hedonic-related (palatability) drives. In these studies, we first isolated distinct feeding drives by developing a novel model of binge behavior in which homeostatic-driven feeding was temporally separated from feeding driven by food palatability. We found that stimulation of the VMN, achieved by local microinjections of AMPA, decreased standard chow consumption in food-restricted rats (e.g., homeostatic feeding); surprisingly, …

Quiet Time For Mechanically Ventilated Patients In The Medical Intensive Care Unit, Natalie S. Mcandrew, Jane Leske, Jill L. Guttormson, Sheryl Talcott Kelber, Kaylen Moore, Sylvia Dabrowski

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: Sleep disruption occurs frequently in critically ill patients. The primary aim of this study was to examine the effect of quiet time (QT) on patient sedation frequency, sedation and delirium scores; and to determine if consecutive QTs influenced physiologic measures (heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure and respiratory rate).

Method: A prospective study of a quiet time protocol was conducted with 72 adult patients on mechanical ventilation.

Setting: A Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) in the Midwest region of the United States.

Results: Sedation was given less frequently after QT (p = 0.045). Those who were agitated prior …

Accuracy And Precision Of Occlusal Contacts Of Stereolithographic Casts Mounted By Digital Interocclusal Registrations, Jason T. Krahenbuhl, Seok-Hwan Cho, Jon Patrick Irelan, Naveen K. Bansal

Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science Faculty Research and Publications

Statement of problem

Little peer-reviewed information is available regarding the accuracy and precision of the occlusal contact reproduction of digitally mounted stereolithographic casts.

Purpose

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy and precision of occlusal contacts among stereolithographic casts mounted by digital occlusal registrations.

Material and methods

Four complete anatomic dentoforms were arbitrarily mounted on a semi-adjustable articulator in maximal intercuspal position and served as the 4 different simulated patients (SP). A total of 60 digital impressions and digital interocclusal registrations were made with a digital intraoral scanner to fabricate 15 sets of mounted stereolithographic …

Mechanical Properties Of Natural Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite/Magnetite Nanocomposites For Tissue Engineering Applications, Fatemeh Heidari, Mehdi Razavi, Mohammad E. Bahrololoom, Reza Bazargan-Lari, Daryoosh Vashaee, Hari Kotturi, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Chitosan (CS), hydroxyapatite (HA), and magnetite (Fe₃O₄) have been broadly employed for bone treatment applications. Having a hybrid biomaterial composed of the aforementioned constituents not only accumulates the useful characteristics of each component, but also provides outstanding composite properties. In the present research, mechanical properties of pure CS, CS/HA, CS/HA/magnetite, and CS/magnetite were evaluated by the measurements of bending strength, elastic modulus, compressive strength and hardness values. Moreover, the morphology of the bending fracture surfaces were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an image analyzer. Studies were also conducted to examine the biological response …

Dental Applications Of Natural-Origin Polymers In Hard And Soft Tissue Engineering, Hossein E. Jazayeri, Mina D. Fahmy, Mehdi Razavi, Brett E. Stein, Aatif Nowman, Radi Masri, Lobat Tayebi

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Clinical advances in the treatment of dentoalveolar defects continue to evolve with the introduction of new innovations in regenerative medicine and tissue bioengineering. Recent developments in tissue engineering are aimed at safely and effectively regenerating a damaged or necrotic area by replenishing its cells and increasing surrounding gene expression. Various techniques have successfully given rise to porous scaffolds being used by clinicians to treat the defect and initiate the repair process. Tissue reconstruction using bioengineered scaffolds is advantageous over traditional autografting, since it prevents the instigation of pain and donor site morbidity while ultimately creating both the environment and machinery …

Thermal Properties Of Copper Nickel-Titanium Orthodontic Archwires, Joshua Gilbert

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Introduction: Copper Nickel-Titanium (CuNiTi) is a relatively new composition of Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) archwires that was originally patented in 1991 as part of the Ormco line of wires. The patent has now recently expired and many other orthodontic companies are making their own CuNiTi wires. Advertisement claims have focused on the laboratory benefits of adding Copper (Cu) to the NiTi, however few independent laboratory testings have been conducted on these new wires to verify claims. The purpose of this study was to conduct thermal analysis of CuNiTi for all currently available wires in two Austenite Finish (Af) variants and two commonly …

Lean Mass Predicts Conditioned Pain Modulation In Adolescents Across Weight Status, Stacy Stolzman, Marie K. Hoeger Bement

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background

There is a wide continuum of conditioned pain modulation (CPM) in adults with older adults experiencing an attenuated CPM response compared with younger adults. Less is known for adolescents and the role of anthropometrics.

Methods

Fifty-six adolescents (15.1 ± 1.8 years; 32 normal weight and 24 overweight/obese; 27 boys) completed in a CPM session that included anthropometric testing. Pressure pain thresholds were measured at the nailbed and deltoid muscle (test stimuli) with the foot submerged in a cool or ice water bath (conditioning stimulus). Weight status, body composition (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan), physical activity levels and clinical pain were …