Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Effects Of Mental Health And Burnout In Medicine In Relation To The Wilson Model Of Leadership, Kevin Beck

Senior Honors Projects

The purpose of this project is to determine the effects that burnout and poor mental health can have on the ability of health care professionals to effectively do their job and lead others in medicine. Burnout, as defined by Merriam Webster, is “the exhaustion of physical or emotional strength or motivation usually as a result of prolonged stress or frustration.” This is a self-reported quantitative study analyzing information acquired via a survey to determine if there is a relation to burnout and poor mental health in medicine and the ability to effectively lead others and complete work tasks and this …

Please Romaine Calm! A Multi-Disciplinary Investigation Of A Cyclospora Outbreak Among Hospital Employees, Jocelyn Love Mph, Amber Erickson Drph, Mph, Hope Dishman Mph, Carla Coley Bs, Rehs

Georgia Public Health Association Annual Meeting & Conference

Background

On July 8, 2022, North Central Health District (NCHD) was notified by a local hospital of a possible Cyclospora outbreak among hospital employees. The hospital noted the employees had eaten at the hospital’s cafeteria, particularly the salad bar. An investigation was conducted to test this hypothesis and determine which salad bar ingredients were the cause of illness.

Methods

An electronic survey was shared with all hospital employees through their email distribution system. Employees were asked to complete the survey regardless of illness or exposure history. Lab- confirmed cases were interviewed using the Cyclosporiasis National Hypothesis Generating Questionnaire. Environmental health …

Kids And Canines: Pawsitively Impacting Occupational Therapy Outcomes, Jessica M. Simon

Occupational Therapy Capstone Presentations

Within the scope of pediatric occupational therapy, Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) is a new and emerging area of practice that has shown to have a positive impact in its use with pediatric clients specifically. AAT is formally defined as, “a form of therapy that includes the presence of and/or interaction with an animal to facilitate progress toward some therapeutic goal” (Hardy & Weston, 2020, p. 197). Through the completion of this Capstone, the student aimed to develop in-depth clinical practice skills related to using AAT within pediatric occupational therapy, develop professional leadership skills, and contribute meaningful research regarding the benefits of …

Treating Cognition Through Occupational Performance In Individuals With Neurological Disorders In Home Health, Alcina J. Park

Occupational Therapy Capstone Presentations

Neurological Disorders (ND) like Alzheimer’s Disease, is one of the leading chronic diseases in older adults (National Council on Aging, 2023). One of the most common symptoms of ND is cognitive dysfunction, which prevent individuals with NDs from pursuing their daily occupations (Liu et al., 2019). This makes the exploration of treatment that delays functional decline in NDs imperative. Occupational therapy is valued and recognized in literature, but limited research is specific to cognition in occupational performance in home health. This capstone project used cognitive therapy approaches Cognitive Stimulation Therapy, Cognitive Rehabilitation Therapy, and Cognitive Training, to combat cognitive decline …

“Pinkalicious": Outer Membrane Vesicles Isolated From Pseudoalteromonas Rubra Carry Prodigiosin Antibiotics As Cargo, Margaret Hill

Senior Honors Projects

Astrangia poculata, the state coral of Rhode Island, is susceptible to infection by Vibrio coralliilyticus RE22, which is a common marine pathogen affecting various invertebrate species. The settlement of coral larvae prior to the establishment of colonies is mediated by crustose coralline algae (CCA). This process may be induced by CCA-associated protective bacteria that colonize corals in early metamorphosis; furthermore, such bacteria potentially have downstream effects in the susceptibility of corals to pathogens. Strains of Pseudoalteromonas rubra isolated from CCA have been shown to induce larval settlement of tropical corals. We hypothesize that P. rubra induces the settlement of …

Eucalyptus Essential Oil: A Safety Assessment And Causality Evaluation Of Published Case Reports, Cecile Bascoul

Oxford ICSB

Eucalyptus essential oil (EO) and preparations containing eucalyptus EO have been used in traditional medicine for centuries for the treatment of respiratory illnesses such as cold, influenza and sinus congestion. Research, including clinical trials, has been carried out to evaluate the efficacy of eucalyptus alleviating symptoms of such conditions. However, eucalyptus EO and preparations with eucalyptus EO have also been associated with rare cases of CNS depression and seizures. The case reports reviewed showed evidence of CNS depression and/or seizure in patients from all ages (<1 to 74 year-old) with different doses of eucalyptus EO (0.18 mL to 1000 mL). Most of the adverse events were in children; some of them reacting to small doses (4 drops of EO or about 0.24 mL), ingested, inhaled or after topical application. Most children who developed seizures did not have a history of seizures before the event. The main constituent of eucalyptus EO is 1,8-cineole (about 65% to 84% 1,8 cineole for eucalyptus globulus EO, one of the most commonly used eucalyptus species in commercially available …

Effects Of A Novel Botanical Supplement On Glycemic Variability And Postprandial Glucose Response, Nicole Stevens

Oxford ICSB

Mulberry leaf extract high in the iminosugar 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) has been shown in previous studies to inhibit glycosidase enzyme activity. A novel supplement including mulberry leaf extract, berberine and cinnamon extract was evaluated in a two-cohort study using endpoints of glycemic variability, postprandial glucose response, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and safety markers. In the first cohort (n=15), these endpoints were determined over two weeks by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and blood/urine analyses in healthy adults. Approximately half of the participants (n=7) took a dosage of 250 mg prior to each meal, and the other participants (n=8) took 500 mg before …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On The Supply Chain And Quality Of Botanical Ingredients, Stefan Gafner

Oxford ICSB

Examples from the past show that a supply chain disruption, or a series of such disruptions, generates sudden spikes in consumer demand, and that abrupt, unplanned changes to the supply and demand in botanical materials lead to an increase in adulteration and fraud. When this happens due to simultaneous interruptions of numerous ingredients based on a global pandemic, as in the case of COVID-19, it is predictable that unscrupulous suppliers and sellers of botanical ingredients will attempt to take advantage of supply shortages by manufacturers of herbal medicines and dietary supplements to sell them lower-quality or sometimes adulterated materials.

Among …

Immulina Enhances Host Resilience Against Influenza Virus-Induced Illness In A Prodromal Mouse Model: Part B – Changes In Viral Load And Clinical Signs Of Infection, Kashif Shamim, Tahir Mir

Oxford ICSB

The University of Mississippi Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center is performing research on the potential use of Limnospira (formally Arthrospira) to enhance resilience against influenza viral infection. Limnospira is a cyanobacterium that has been used as a food for centuries and more recently as a popular health supplement. A commercial extract called Immulina has been developed that concentrates the level of immunomodulatory activity due to Braun-type lipoproteins – compounds that activate immune pathways through a toll-like receptor (TLR) 2-dependent mechanism. Although oral ingestion of Immulina has been reported to exhibit a protective effect against subsequent H1N1 influenza A (IfA) …

Açaí Fruit Pulp And Supplement Extracts: Potential Induction Of Cyp Enzymes And P-Gp/Oatp-B Transporters, Kelli Mcdonald

Oxford ICSB

Euterpe oleracea Mart., commonly known as açaí, is among the top 40 botanicals currently used in the United States. Its presence in food products and botanical supplements is growing exponentially. To better ascertain potential açaí-drug interactions, we are analyzing the effects of açaí extracts on CYP induction and P-gp/OATP-B drug transporters. Certified organic açaí fruit powder from Mountain Rose (MR) Herbs (Eugene, OR, USA) and dietary supplement capsules containing aqueous extracts of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) fruit from Nature’s Way (Green Bay, WI, USA) and Natrol (Chatsworth, CA, USA) were obtained. The Mountain Rose powder is representative of what is …

Prediction Of Clinically Relevant Botanical-Drug Clearance Interactions For Boswellia Serrata Extract Using Sandwich-Cultured Human Hepatocytes., Amy Roe

Oxford ICSB

Boswellia serrata extract (BSE) is used in dietary supplements for its anti-inflammatory properties. There are reports in the scientific literature that BSE has the potential to inhibit CYP450 enzymes. We have shown that sandwich-cultured human hepatocytes (SCHH) are an excellent model for predicting clinically relevant botanical-drug interactions (BDI) since they integrate metabolism and transport. When using SCHH the BDI potential with BSE appears low; however, our previous work did not include an assessment of CYP450 induction potential. We present an intrinsic clearance approach using SCHH to evaluate an overall net effect (inhibition and induction) of BDI potential with BSE. SCHH …

Usp Monographs For Quality Control Of Different Ginsengs, Cuiying Ma

Oxford ICSB

Ginseng species are members of the genus Panax and are characterized by the presence of ginsenosides. American ginseng, Asian ginseng, Tienchi ginseng, and red (steamed) Asian ginseng roots and their extracts are very popular ingredients of dietary supplements. Quality control of ginseng dietary supplement products and differentiation of different ginseng articles are important for guaranty of quality and correct labeling. USP monographs for different ginsengs provide quality control procedures with suitable reference standards (RS) to help ensure correct and qualified ginseng ingredients are used.

USP ginseng monographs include both UHPLC and HPTLC identification tests of ginsenosides, which can efficiently identify …

More Than Just A Number: Utilizing Ccs And Conformational Space Analysis To Characterize Unknowns In Complex Extracts, Rachel A. Harris

Oxford ICSB

Natural products from plants, either as pure compounds or as prepared extracts, are widely recognized for their near unlimited potential due to their unmatched and rich chemical diversity. Challenging aspects in the use of natural products include the recognition that unknown compounds are not included in spectral databases, have no chemical standards, and discrimination of structurally similar isomers requires knowledge of isomer presence and potentially difficult and time-consuming chromatographic separations.[FS1] Ion mobility (IM) is a gas phase analytical technique that separates ions based on differences in their size, shape, and charge in the gas phase. Increasingly, IM is being utilized …

A Research Appraisal Of How Electronic Health Record Implementation Has Impacted Coding Efficiency​, Madeline Phillips, Jasmine Ware

ATU Scholars Symposium

This research project highlights the ways that coding efficiency has been improved in healthcare over the years, with an emphasis on EHR implementation. This research project references and analyzes trends concerning coding and the revenue cycle from both credible and reliable sources. In this research study, we will reference articles that analyze trends and create a visual understanding of the data collected. This study will highlight a broad spectrum of the impact of electronic health record implementation in the healthcare setting. (Tsai et al., 2020)

The Effects Of Artificial Insemination On Beef Cattle In The United States, Allee R. Sweeten, Abigail Shelnut, Madison Dickey

ATU Scholars Symposium

Artificial insemination (AI) is a reproductive procedure widely used in cattle industries and other livestock to increase pregnancy rates. Breeders must wait until the animals are in the estrus part of their estrous cycle to AI. Estrus synchronization is utilized to manipulate the estrous cycle to go into estrus or standing heat. AI is conducted by loading a semen straw into an inseminating gun, inserting the gun into the vagina of the heifer, and making sure it gets past the cervix by palpating with the other hand. Once past the cervix, the semen can be distributed in the heifer. AI …

Fighting Malnutrition In Kenya, Jessica Payton, Tara Ross, Adalyne Nehus

ATU Scholars Symposium

No abstract provided.

The Demographic Shift Of Males And Females In Veterinary Medicine, Dalton Tatum, Eddy Patterson, Mia C. Ratliff

ATU Scholars Symposium

The workforce in veterinary medicine saw a gender shift from a male dominated field towards women in the present day. This research aimed to determine why this shift occurred through demographic analysis and surveys to different job types in this career path. By using this data, the group determined that one of the biggest impacts of the shift is due to the very component that makes veterinary medicine such a tough field, and it is located at the graduate school entry level . The competitiveness level is intertwined through all of the data and leads to the conclusion that females …

The Synergistic Effect Of Loganetin And 5-Fluorouracil On The Carcinogenesis Of Glioblastoma Cancer Cells, Jonathan Wollenberg

ATU Scholars Symposium

Chemoresistance is a discouraging trend that affects chemotherapeutic agents like 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leads to decreased efficacy of treatment. This has led to numerous studies into compound synergism. Glioblastomas are a type of lethal cancer that has shown chemoresistance to therapeutic agents such as 5-fluorouracil. Being the most common and lethal primary brain tumor, research on mechanisms of growth inhibition is vastly important (Lustig, 2018). The purpose of this study was to analyze whether 5-fluorouracil and a compound named Loganetin could synergistically inhibit glioblastoma cancer cells. This specific study utilized an extract created from the Lonicera etrusca plant. It was …

Fast Detection Of Adulteration In Lavender Essential Oil Using A-Teem Multidimensional Spectroscopy, Jeffrey Juien

Oxford ICSB

Absorbance-Transmission Excitation Emission Matrix, or “A-TEEM” is a multimodal spectroscopic approach that incorporates UV/Vis and 3D fluorescence for a 2-in-1 measurement. This attractive methodology promotes a rapid and cost-effective alternative for analyses in areas as diverse as water treatment, food & beverage, natural products, and pharmaceuticals. One of the key attributes responsible for its appeal is the very low limit of detection, often in the parts-per-billion to parts-per-trillion range, which is several orders of magnitude better than competing technologies such as NIR, FT-IR, and Raman. In addition to having high sensitivity and specificity, A-TEEM has proven to be a robust …

Operation Supplement Safety Ingredient Database: A Comprehensive Encyclopedic Collection Of Ingredients, Andrea T. Lindsey

Oxford ICSB

Operation Supplement Safety (OPSS) is the Department of Defense’s (DoD) go-to program for anything related to dietary supplements (DS). OPSS partners with other federal departments, professional and academic institutions to provide the most current, evidence-based information, resources, and tools for education and decision-making. In March 2022, DoD Instruction (DoDI) 6130.06, Use of Dietary Supplements in the DoD was issued. It states that OPSS will maintain the official DoD Prohibited Dietary Supplement Ingredients List and provide DS educational training.

OPSS is developing a comprehensive ingredient database (OPSSID) that will list all ingredients (to include prohibited ones) found in DS, along with …

Supporting The Development Of Early Literacy For Children Using Augmentative And Alternative Communication (Aac), Logan Winter

Student Academic Conference

This literature review was completed to explore emerging literacy skills in children who use Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) for communication purposes. This paper explored the differences in language and literacy learning for children who utilize AAC. For children in early developmental phases of language, AAC played a role in both receptive and expressive language. Skills learned in receptive and expressive language can be shaped into what is considered early literacy skills. Through findings by researchers and experts in the field of AAC and speech-language pathology this paper defined specific interventions and supports that can be implemented during the development …

Chemometrics: A Valuable Tool For Deriving Information From Complex Data Sets, James Harnly

Oxford ICSB

Chemometrics is a subset of machine learning which has been defined a set of advanced mathematical and statistical methods for the analysis of data. This defines many methods such as chemometrics, artificial neuro networks, support vector machines, and rule building expert systems. Chemometrics allows us to draw information from multivariate raw data, i.e., to discover patterns, causes of the patterns, and, with appropriate algorithms, the variance associated with the patterns. The most commonly used forms of chemometrics are principal components analysis (PCA for modeling) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA for classification), unsupervised and supervised methods, respectively. In its simplest …

Rapid Simultaneous Quantitation Of Kavalactones And Flavokavains In Piper Methysticum Root By A-Teem Spectroscopy, James Kababick, Stacy Wise

Oxford ICSB

No abstract provided.

Investigating Differences In Iga Antibody Response Against Aspergillus Fumigatus In Wild Type And Tlr7 Protein Deficient Mice, Courtney Folk

Student Academic Conference

Aspergillus fumigatus is a commonly inhaled, respiratory fungal pathogen and an allergen found in flooded indoor environments, household dust, soil, and plant matter. While a competent immune system effectively clears the inhaled fungus, this same fungus poses a significant threat to weakened immune systems due to its potential to invade the lungs, bloodstream and brain tissue. The mouse genome is 99% similar to the human genome and can serve effectively model the effects of inhaled A. fumigatus (Guénet, 2005). Antibodies play a crucial role in neutralizing pathogens and in mediating an allergic response. In this study, we will investigate the …

Inclusive Unmounted Lesson Curriculum Development At Saddle Up!, Emily A. Wagstaff

OTD Capstone Projects

This capstone project was completed through a partnership with Saddle Up! in Franklin, TN. Saddle Up! provides adaptive riding lessons, therapy services, and equine-assisted learning opportunities for children with disabilities. The focus of this project was to develop an unmounted lesson curriculum that is adaptable for the wide variety of participants served by the organization. Other project activities included conducting movement assessments of equines to determine eligibility for therapy services, completing requirements for the PATH International Certified Therapeutic Riding Instructor (CTRI) certification, and providing staff with education and resources to assist children with various performance deficits.

View From The Editor's Chair, Stephen Daniells

Oxford ICSB

With the pandemic fading in the minds of most Americans and a return to something we can all recognize as ‘normality’, there is a slight reset happening in US dietary supplements industry. Consumers who flocked to the industry in record numbers are still there, but spending habits have changed and hot categories like immune support are evolving. We're also seeing technology being leveraged in the search for the next hot ingredient, from artificial intelligence to synthetic biology, and this has implications for the botanicals trade. We also have an industry at odds with itself, with trade associations working against each …

Extract Of Artemisia Dracunculus L. Modulates The Proliferation And Activity Of Osteoblasts, Matthew C. Scott

Oxford ICSB

Thiazolidinedione (TZD) treatment significantly improves insulin sensitivity and lowers blood glucose via action on adipocytes. Unfortunately, the pro-adipogenic property of TZDs is also associated with bone degradation by inhibiting the action of bone forming cells, or osteoblasts. An ethanol extract of Artemisia dracunculus L., termed PMI 5011, improves blood glucose and insulin sensitivity via action on muscle cells, rather than fat, and may therefore spare bone while lowering blood glucose levels. Here we examine in vitro the effects of PMI 5011 on a pre-osteoblast cell line, MC3T3-E1 cells, during osteogenic differentiation. We hypothesized that PMI 5011 will not inhibit osteogenesis, …

New Dietary Supplement Reference Material Resources From The Nih Ods Analytical Methods And Reference Materials Program, Adam J. Kuszak

Oxford ICSB

The NIH Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) Analytical Methods and Reference Materials (AMRM) Program supports the development of tools that promote quantitative determinations of dietary supplement identity, composition, and purity, as well as assessments of authenticity and contamination of botanical raw materials and finished products. AMRM goals are accomplished through funding and collaboration in three program areas: formal validation of quantitative and qualitative methods, production of certified reference materials (CRMs), and support of dietary supplement focused laboratory quality assurance programs. This presentation will provide updates on recent AMRM activities and highlight newly available resources that should benefit natural product researchers …

Go Forth With Wisdom & Leadership, Kristen Montgomery

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

see attached pp

Implementing An Acute Stress Disorder Screening Tool In The Trauma Intensive Care Unit Setting, Sierra Bridgers

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

This is a quality improvement project that focuses on implementing screening for acute stress disorder using the Acute Stress Disorder Structured Interview–DSM-IV tool in a Trauma Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at a Level 2 Trauma Center in Nashville, TN. Currently, at this hospital there is not a screening process implemented for these patients. Every trauma patient meets the criteria for acute stress disorder. Starting the process early aims for patients to be properly educated about their trauma and gets them the resources they need to heal mentally from the trauma.

During the 6-week implementation period of this project, the trauma …