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Articles 61 - 76 of 76
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Objective Identification And Analysis Of Physiological And Behavioral Signs Of Schizophrenia, M. Osipov, Y. Behzadi, J. M. Kane, G. Petrides, G. D. Clifford
Objective Identification And Analysis Of Physiological And Behavioral Signs Of Schizophrenia, M. Osipov, Y. Behzadi, J. M. Kane, G. Petrides, G. D. Clifford
Journal Articles
BACKGROUND: A patient's physical activity is often used by psychiatrists to contribute to the diagnostic process for mental disorders. Typically, it is based mostly on self-reports or observations, and hardly ever upon actigraphy. Other signals related to physiology are rarely used, despite the fact that the autonomic nervous system is often affected by mental disorders. AIM: This study attempted to fuse physiological and physical activity data and discover features that are predictive for schizophrenia. METHOD: Continuous simultaneous heart rate (HR) and physical activity recordings were made on 16 individuals with schizophrenia and 19 healthy controls. Statistical characteristics of the recorded …
Delayed Identification And Diagnosis Of Huntington's Disease Due To Psychiatric Symptoms, A. M. Pascu, P. Ifteni, A. Teodorescu, V. Burtea, C. U. Correll
Delayed Identification And Diagnosis Of Huntington's Disease Due To Psychiatric Symptoms, A. M. Pascu, P. Ifteni, A. Teodorescu, V. Burtea, C. U. Correll
Journal Articles
Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative illness that affects 2-9/100.000 of the general population. The usual onset is at around age 35-40 years, but there were cases with onset above 55 years. The disease manifests clinically with many neurological and psychiatric symptoms, leading in advanced phases to dementia, but cognitive symptoms are frequently present much earlier in the disease course. HD is caused by an expanded polyglutamine stretch in the N-terminal part of a 350 kDa protein called huntingtin (HTT). This stretch is encoded by a trinucleotide CAG repetition in exon 1 of HTT. An expansion of greater than …
Severity Of Thought Disorder Predicts Psychosis In Persons At Clinical High-Risk, D. O. Perkins, C. D. Jeffries, B. A. Cornblatt, S. W. Woods, J. Addington, D. H. Mathalon, L. J. Seidman, M. T. Tsuang, E. F. Walker, T. H. Mcglashan, +4 Additional Authors
Severity Of Thought Disorder Predicts Psychosis In Persons At Clinical High-Risk, D. O. Perkins, C. D. Jeffries, B. A. Cornblatt, S. W. Woods, J. Addington, D. H. Mathalon, L. J. Seidman, M. T. Tsuang, E. F. Walker, T. H. Mcglashan, +4 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
BACKGROUND: Improving predictive accuracy is of paramount importance for early detection and prevention of psychosis. We sought a symptom severity classifier that would improve psychosis risk prediction. METHODS: Subjects were from two cohorts of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study. All subjects met Criteria of Psychosis-Risk States. In Cohort-1 (n=296) we developed a classifier that included those items of the Scale of Psychosis-Risk Symptoms that best distinguished subjects who converted to psychosis from nonconverters, with performance initially validated by randomization tests in Cohort-1. Cohort-2 (n=592) served as an independent test set. RESULTS: We derived 2-Item and 4-Item subscales. Both included …
Prevalence Of Childhood Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Traits In Adults With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Versus Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder, A. Pinto, A. L. Greene, E. A. Storch, H. B. Simpson
Prevalence Of Childhood Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Traits In Adults With Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Versus Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder, A. Pinto, A. L. Greene, E. A. Storch, H. B. Simpson
Journal Articles
Identifying risk factors of psychopathology has been an important research challenge. Prior studies examining the impact of childhood temperament on adult disorder have largely focused on under-controlled and inhibited presentations, with little study of overcontrolled traits such as obsessive-compulsive personality traits (OCPTs). We compared rates of childhood OCPTs in adults with OCD (without OCPD) (n=28) to adults with OCPD (without OCD) (n=27), adults with both OCD and OCPD (n=28), and healthy controls (HC) (n=28), using the childhood retrospective perfectionism questionnaire, a validated measure of perfectionism, inflexibility, and drive for order. Adults with OCPD (both with and without comorbid OCD) reported …
A Randomized Comparison Of Aripiprazole And Risperidone For The Acute Treatment Of First-Episode Schizophrenia And Related Disorders: 3-Month Outcomes, D. G. Robinson, J. A. Gallego, M. John, G. Petrides, Y. Hassoun, J. P. Zhang, L. Lopez, R. J. Braga, M. Naraine, N. Bennett, J. Greenberg, T. Lencz, C. U. Correll, J. M. Kane, A. K. Malhotra, +4 Additional Authors
A Randomized Comparison Of Aripiprazole And Risperidone For The Acute Treatment Of First-Episode Schizophrenia And Related Disorders: 3-Month Outcomes, D. G. Robinson, J. A. Gallego, M. John, G. Petrides, Y. Hassoun, J. P. Zhang, L. Lopez, R. J. Braga, M. Naraine, N. Bennett, J. Greenberg, T. Lencz, C. U. Correll, J. M. Kane, A. K. Malhotra, +4 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Research findings are particularly important for medication choice for first-episode patients as individual prior medication response to guide treatment decisions is unavailable. We describe the first large-scale double-masked randomized comparison with first-episode patients of aripiprazole and risperidone, 2 commonly used first-episode treatment agents. One hundred ninety-eight participants aged 15-40 years with schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder or psychotic disorder Not Otherwise Specified, and who had been treated in their lifetime with antipsychotics for 2 weeks or less were randomly assigned to double-masked aripiprazole (5-30mg/d) or risperidone (1-6mg/d) and followed for 12 weeks. Positive symptom response rates did not differ (62.8% …
Prescription Practices In The Treatment Of First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Data From The National Raise-Etp Study, D. G. Robinson, N. R. Schooler, M. John, C. U. Correll, P. Marcy, J. Severe, A. Goldstein, S. Azrin, R. Heinssen, J. M. Kane, +7 Additional Authors
Prescription Practices In The Treatment Of First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Data From The National Raise-Etp Study, D. G. Robinson, N. R. Schooler, M. John, C. U. Correll, P. Marcy, J. Severe, A. Goldstein, S. Azrin, R. Heinssen, J. M. Kane, +7 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Objective: Treatment guidelines suggest distinctive medication strategies for first-episode and multiepisode patients with schizophrenia. To assess the extent to which community clinicians adjust their usual treatment regimens for first-episode patients, the authors examined prescription patterns and factors associated with prescription choice in a national cohort of early-phase patients. Method: Prescription data at study entry were obtained from 404 participants in the Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode Project's Early Treatment Program (RAISE-ETP), a nationwide multisite effectiveness study for patients with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Treatment with antipsychotics did not exceed 6 months at study entry. Results: The authors identified 159 …
Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists' Reported Monitoring Behaviors For Second-Generation Antipsychotics, A. M. Rodday, S. K. Parsons, C. Mankiw, C. U. Correll, A. S. Robb, B. T. Zima, T. S. Saunders, L. K. Leslie
Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists' Reported Monitoring Behaviors For Second-Generation Antipsychotics, A. M. Rodday, S. K. Parsons, C. Mankiw, C. U. Correll, A. S. Robb, B. T. Zima, T. S. Saunders, L. K. Leslie
Journal Articles
Objective: The number of children and adolescents (hereafter referred to as "children") who have been prescribed second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) has increased over the last decade, but little is known about monitoring practices in pediatric patients who are vulnerable to adverse effects. We examined factors associated with psychiatrists' self-reported monitoring of children who were prescribed SGAs. Methods: A survey was mailed to a national, randomly selected sample of 1600 child and adolescent psychiatrists from the American Medical Association mailing list. Using logistic regression, we tested whether psychiatrist characteristics, attitudes, and practice characteristics were associated with monitoring (baseline and/or periodic) the following: …
Antipsychotic Treatment And Functional Connectivity Of The Striatum In First-Episode Schizophrenia, D. K. Sarpal, D. G. Robinson, T. Lencz, M. Argyelan, T. Ikuta, K. Karlsgodt, J. Gallego, J. M. Kane, P. R. Szeszko, A. K. Malhotra
Antipsychotic Treatment And Functional Connectivity Of The Striatum In First-Episode Schizophrenia, D. K. Sarpal, D. G. Robinson, T. Lencz, M. Argyelan, T. Ikuta, K. Karlsgodt, J. Gallego, J. M. Kane, P. R. Szeszko, A. K. Malhotra
Journal Articles
IMPORTANCE Previous evidence has implicated corticostriatal abnormalities in the pathophysiology of psychosis. Although the striatum is the primary target of all efficacious antipsychotics, the relationship between its functional connectivity and symptomatic reduction remains unknown. OBJECTIVE To explore the longitudinal effect of treatment with second-generation antipsychotics on functional connectivity of the striatum during the resting state in patients experiencing a first episode of psychosis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective controlled study took place at a clinical research center and included 24 patients with first-episode psychosis and 24 healthy participants matched for age, sex, education, and handedness. Medications were administered in …
Neural Systems Mediating Decision-Making And Response Inhibition For Social And Nonsocial Stimuli In Autism, K. M. Shafritz, J. D. Bregman, T. Ikuta, P. R. Szeszko
Neural Systems Mediating Decision-Making And Response Inhibition For Social And Nonsocial Stimuli In Autism, K. M. Shafritz, J. D. Bregman, T. Ikuta, P. R. Szeszko
Journal Articles
Autism is marked by impairments in social reciprocity and communication, along with restricted, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. Prior studies have separately investigated social processing and executive function in autism, but little is known about the brain mechanisms of cognitive control for both emotional and nonemotional stimuli. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to identify differences in neurocircuitry between individuals with high functioning autism (HFA) and neurotypical controls during two versions of a go/no-go task: emotional (fear and happy faces) and nonemotional (English letters). During the letter task, HFA participants showed hypoactivation in the ventral prefrontal cortex. During the emotion task, …
Combination Of Agomelatine And Bupropion For Treatment-Resistant Depression: Results From A Chart Review Study Including A Matched Control Group, K. W. Suhs, C. U. Correll, C. K. Eberlein, R. Pul, H. Frieling, S. Bleich, K. G. Kahl
Combination Of Agomelatine And Bupropion For Treatment-Resistant Depression: Results From A Chart Review Study Including A Matched Control Group, K. W. Suhs, C. U. Correll, C. K. Eberlein, R. Pul, H. Frieling, S. Bleich, K. G. Kahl
Journal Articles
Introduction: Although a growing selection of antidepressants is available, a significant number of patients do not reach clinical remission, despite multiple trials. Data concerning the efficacy and safety of combination therapies with newer antidepressants are limited. Methods: Fifteen inpatients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), defined as Beck Depression Inventory-2 (BDI-2) scores >14 despite treatment with adequate doses of 1 antidepressant classes for 6weeks, were treated with agomelatine plus bupropion for 6weeks, and compared to 15 patients on antidepressant monotherapy with TRD matched on age, sex, and TRD stage based on retrospective chart review. The primary outcome was change in BDI-2 scores. …
Independent Evidence For An Association Between General Cognitive Ability And A Genetic Locus For Educational Attainment, J. W. Trampush, T. Lencz, S. Guha, S. Mukherjee, P. Derosse, M. John, O. A. Andreassen, I. J. Deary, D. C. Glahn, A. K. Malhotra, +41 Additional Authors
Independent Evidence For An Association Between General Cognitive Ability And A Genetic Locus For Educational Attainment, J. W. Trampush, T. Lencz, S. Guha, S. Mukherjee, P. Derosse, M. John, O. A. Andreassen, I. J. Deary, D. C. Glahn, A. K. Malhotra, +41 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Cognitive deficits and reduced educational achievement are common in psychiatric illness; understanding the genetic basis of cognitive and educational deficits may be informative about the etiology of psychiatric disorders. A recent, large genome-wide association study (GWAS) reported a genome-wide significant locus for years of education, which subsequently demonstrated association to general cognitive ability (g) in overlapping cohorts. The current study was designed to test whether GWAS hits for educational attainment are involved in general cognitive ability in an independent, large-scale collection of cohorts. Using cohorts in the Cognitive Genomics Consortium (COGENT; up to 20,495 healthy individuals), we examined the relationship …
Risk Of Metabolic Syndrome And Its Components In People With Schizophrenia And Related Psychotic Disorders, Bipolar Disorder And Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, D. Vancampfort, B. Stubbs, A. J. Mitchell, M. De Hert, M. Wampers, P. B. Ward, S. Rosenbaum, C. U. Correll
Risk Of Metabolic Syndrome And Its Components In People With Schizophrenia And Related Psychotic Disorders, Bipolar Disorder And Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, D. Vancampfort, B. Stubbs, A. J. Mitchell, M. De Hert, M. Wampers, P. B. Ward, S. Rosenbaum, C. U. Correll
Journal Articles
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components are highly predictive of cardiovascular diseases. The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the prevalence of MetS and its components in people with schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder, comparing subjects with different disorders and taking into account demographic variables and psychotropic medication use. The secondary aim was to compare the MetS prevalence in persons with any of the selected disorders versus matched general population controls. The pooled MetS prevalence in people with severe mental illness was 32.6% (95% CI: 30.8%-34.4%; N = 198; …
Outcome Of Youth With Early-Phase Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders And Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified Treated With Second-Generation Antipsychotics: 12 Week Results From A Prospective, Naturalistic Cohort Study, D. L. Vernal, S. Kapoor, A. Al-Jadiri, E. Sheridan, Y. Borenstein, C. Mormando, L. David, S. Singh, A. J. Seidman, M. Carbon, E. Saito, J. M. Kane, C. U. Correll, +2 Additional Authors
Outcome Of Youth With Early-Phase Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders And Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified Treated With Second-Generation Antipsychotics: 12 Week Results From A Prospective, Naturalistic Cohort Study, D. L. Vernal, S. Kapoor, A. Al-Jadiri, E. Sheridan, Y. Borenstein, C. Mormando, L. David, S. Singh, A. J. Seidman, M. Carbon, E. Saito, J. M. Kane, C. U. Correll, +2 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess differences in the outcomes of youth with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SCZ-S) and psychotic disorder not otherwise specified (PsyNOS) during early antipsychotic treatment. METHODS: The study was a prospective, naturalistic, inception cohort study of youth
Modeling Linkage Disequilibrium Increases Accuracy Of Polygenic Risk Scores, B. J. Vilhjalmsson, J. Yang, H. K. Finucane, A. Gusev, S. Lindstrom, S. Ripke, R. Tamimi, E. Stahl, A. L. Price, T. Lencz, +25 Additional Authors
Modeling Linkage Disequilibrium Increases Accuracy Of Polygenic Risk Scores, B. J. Vilhjalmsson, J. Yang, H. K. Finucane, A. Gusev, S. Lindstrom, S. Ripke, R. Tamimi, E. Stahl, A. L. Price, T. Lencz, +25 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Polygenic risk scores have shown great promise in predicting complex disease risk and will become more accurate as training sample sizes increase. The standard approach for calculating risk scores involves linkage disequilibrium (LD)-based marker pruning and applying a p value threshold to association statistics, but this discards information and can reduce predictive accuracy. We introduce LDpred, a method that infers the posterior mean effect size of each marker by using a prior on effect sizes and LD information from an external reference panel. Theory and simulations show that LDpred outperforms the approach of pruning followed by thresholding, particularly at large …
Specificity Of Incident Diagnostic Outcomes In Patients At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, J. R. Webb, J. Addington, D. O. Perkins, C. E. Bearden, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, E. F. Walker, T. H. Mcglashan, S. W. Woods, +4 Additional Authors
Specificity Of Incident Diagnostic Outcomes In Patients At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, J. R. Webb, J. Addington, D. O. Perkins, C. E. Bearden, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, E. F. Walker, T. H. Mcglashan, S. W. Woods, +4 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
It is not well established whether the incident outcomes of the clinical high-risk (CHR) syndrome for psychosis are diagnostically specific for psychosis or whether CHR patients also are at elevated risk for a variety of nonpsychotic disorders. We collected 2 samples (NAPLS-1, PREDICT) that contained CHR patients and a control group who responded to CHR recruitment efforts but did not meet CHR criteria on interview (help-seeking comparison patients [HSC]). Incident diagnostic outcomes were defined as the occurrence of a SIPS-defined psychosis or a structured interview diagnosis from 1 of 3 nonpsychotic Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition …
Applying Cognitive Load Theory To Medical Education: Construct And Measurement Challenges, John Young, J. L. Sewell
Applying Cognitive Load Theory To Medical Education: Construct And Measurement Challenges, John Young, J. L. Sewell
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.