Horticulture Commons^™

How Do Ecological Resilience Metrics Relate To Community Stability And Collapse?, Caleb P. Roberts, Dirac L. Twidwell Jr, David G. Angeler, Craig R. Allen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The concept of ecological resilience (the amount of disturbance a system can absorb before collapsing and reorganizing) holds potential for predicting community change and collapse—increasingly common issues in the Anthropocene. Yet neither the predictions nor metrics of resilience have received rigorous testing. The crossscale resilience model, a leading operationalization of resilience, proposes resilience can be quantified by the combination of diversity and redundancy of functions performed by species operating at different scales. Here, we use 48 years of sub-continental avian community data aggregated at multiple spatial scales to calculate resilience metrics derived from the cross-scale resilience model (i.e., cross-scale diversity, …

Identification Of Loci Controlling Adaptation In Chinese Soya Bean Landraces Via A Combination Of Conventional And Bioclimatic Gwas, Ying-Hui Li, Delin Li, Yong-Qing Jiao, James C. Schnable, Yan-Fei Li, Hui-Hui Li, Huai-Zhu Chen, Hui-Long Hong, Ting Zhang, Bin Liu, Zhang-Xiong Lui, Qing-Bo You, Yu Tian, Yong Guo, Rong-Xia Guan, Li-Juan Zhang, Ru-Zhen Chang, Zhiwu Zhang, Jochen Reif, Xin-An Zhou, Patrick S. Schnable, Li-Juan Qiu

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Landraces often contain genetic diversity that has been lost in modern cultivars, including alleles that confer enhanced local adaptation. To comprehensively identify loci associated with adaptive traits in soya bean landraces, for example flowering time, a population of 1938 diverse landraces and 97 accessions of the wild progenitor of cultivated soya bean, Glycine soja was genotyped using tGBS. Based on 99 085 high-quality SNPs, landraces were classified into three subpopulations which exhibit geographical genetic differentiation. Clustering was inferred from STRUCTURE, principal component analyses and neighbour-joining tree analyses. Using phenotypic data collected at two locations separated by 10 degrees of latitude, …

Economic Contribution Of The Agricultural Sector To The Arkansas Economy In 2017, Leah English, Jennie Popp, Wayne Miller

AAES Research Reports and Research Bulletins

Agriculture and associated agricultural activities are major contributors to the Arkansas economy. Agriculture is defined as the sum of agricultural production and processing activities, unless otherwise specified, and includes crop and animal production and processing, agricultural support industries, forestry and forest products, and textile goods. Agriculture contributes to the economy through direct agricultural production and value-added processing, and also leads to economic activity in other parts of the economy. This report is the eleventh in a series of reports examining agriculture’s economic contribution to the Arkansas economy. The total economic contribution of agriculture (direct, indirect, and induced effects) on value …

Nebline, July 2019

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Nebraska’s Bad Buzz: What You Need to Know About Mosquitoes and West Nile Virus

Summertime Snacking With Salsa

Recipes of the Month

Weather Challenges Keep Coming

Block Play Encourages Children’s Development in Multiple Areas

Extension Offers “Block Party” for Childcare Programs

Upcoming Early Childhood Trainings

My Personal Experience With West Nile Virus

Check Landscape Plants for Bagworms

Garden Guides: Things to Do This Month

Greener Town Grant Applications Due Aug. 31

HEART OF 4-H VOLUNTEER AWARD: Kylee Yakel

SUPER FAIR 4-H/FFA ANIMAL ENTRIES MUST BE SUBMITTED ONLINE BY JULY 1

11 4-H Clubs Helped at Kiwanis Karniva

Many Ways to …

Nebline, June 2019

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Understanding How Climate Change Affects Nebraska and Agriculture

Are You Drinking or Eating Enough Dairy Foods for the Health Benefits?

Recipe of the Month

Floods and Trees: Helping Trees Recover

Pretty Things That Pollinate

Perennial Plants for Pollinators

Garden Guide: Things to Do This Month

Pollinator Week: June 17–23

Upcoming Early Childhood Trainings

Nebraska Early Development Network

HEART OF 4-H Volunteer: Glenda Willnerd

JUNE 15 DEADLINE: 4-H Member Online Enrollment; Youth for the Quality Care of Animals Requirements for ANY Livestock Exhibitor; 4-H Projects Updated; Volunteer Online Enrollment; 4-H/FFA Animal IDs

4-H Sewing Help

4-H Clover Kids Animal Showmanship Change …

Leaf Functional Traits As Predictors Of Drought Tolerance In Urban Trees, Sophia Huang

Master's Theses

The services that urban trees provide to human society and the natural environment are widely recognized, but urban trees are in jeopardy due to climate change and urban stressors. With drought as a major threat in many areas, it is important for the future of urban forestry to select species composition based upon performance under water stress. Certain leaf functional traits can help horticulturalists more accurately predict water usage of urban trees. Comprehension through rigorous experimentation is lacking, partly due to the thousands of mostly exotic species. Previous studies suggest that species whose leaves have a denser arrangement of smaller …

Warm Stratification Increases Germination Of Dendromecon Rigida And Ehrendorferia Chrysantha, Cesar Garcia

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

We explored the seasonal factors that might play a role in triggering germination of Dendromecon rigidaand Ehrendorferia chrysantha.D. rigida and E. chrysantha have been found difficult to germinate using common greenhouse techniques, Keeley and Fotheringham successfully germinated both species after storing their seeds in the field over a year and treating them with smoke. Identifying the specific seasonally changing factors that stimulated germination could have implications for understanding germination requirements for these and other hard-to-germinate chaparral species.

Dendromecon rigidaand Ehrendorferia chrysanthaare part of the Papaveraceae family and both are found in the chaparral environment in …

Evaluation Of Fungicides And Biofungicide To Control Phytophthora Root Rot (Phytophthora Cinnamomi Rands) And Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) On Flowering Dogwoods Exposed To Simulated Flood Events, Matthew S. Brown, Fulya Baysal-Gurel, Jason B. Oliver, Karla M. Addesso

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Phytophthora root rot causes major economic losses in woody ornamental nurseries, especially in plants exposed to flooding. Ambrosia beetles, which attack stressed trees, are also important pests of woody plants. In this study, several products were evaluated for control of Phytophthora root rot and ambrosia beetles on containerized flowering dogwoods (Cornus florida L.) exposed to simulated flood events under field conditions. In two trials, preventive (7 days preflooding) or curative (1 day postflooding) sprench (combination spray and drench) treatments were applied to containerized dogwoods artificially inoculated with Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands. The plants were flooded by maintaining standing water for 1, …

Effect Of Organic Inputs And Solarization For The Suppression Of Rhizoctonia Solani In Woody Ornamental Plant Production, Fulya Baysal-Gurel, Md Niamul Kabir, Prabha Liyanapathiranage

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Soilborne diseases are the most economically significant problem faced by Southern region nursery producers. The goal of this research was to improve Rhizoctonia root rot disease management through the use of soil solarization alone and in combination with biofumigant cover crops—arugula ‘Astro’ (Eruca vesicaria ssp. sativa), mustard green ‘Amara’ (Brassica carinata), and turnip ‘Purple top forage’ (B. rapa); good quality compost and mustard meal amendment. The experiments were established as on-farm trials in 2016 and 2017 with prevalent Rhizoctonia solani population in propagation beds. All three biofumigant cover crops, arugula ‘Astro’, mustard green ‘Amara’, and turnip ‘Purple top forage’ in …

The Survival Of Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Over Winter In Western Australia, Touhidur Rahman, Sonya Broughton

Biosecurity Research Articles

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most economically important pest insects of fruit crops worldwide. Mediterranean fruit fly can cause up to 100% crop loss in susceptible fruit. In order to formulate best management practices, it is critical to understand how Mediterranean fruit fly overwinters in a given geographical location and bridge the gap between autumn and spring populations. In this study, we evaluated the overwintering potential of Mediterranean fruit fly immature and adult stages in two locations in Perth Hills, Western Australia. We also monitored wild adult Mediterranean fruit fly populations for …

Introduction To Sorghum Paper Production, Zachary Christman

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Sorghum is a tall grass used for many commercial products such as fodder and syrup. The 10 to 15 feet stalk of the plant has lower lignin than wood and provides a fiber length of 2.31 mm in the outer covering and 1.38 mm for the leaf. Sorghum fiber makes a high quality, strong paper suitable for printing, packaging and paperboard.

Improving The Food Safety Of Louisiana Strawberry Industry, Jose L. Brandao Delgado

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella sp., and Listeria monocytogenes have been linked to foodborne outbreaks in produce. The most recent outbreaks in produce have been associated with irrigation water due to infiltration of well water or water run-off from contaminated sources. The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) requires all irrigation water to be safe for use on produce, as a strategy to reduce foodborne illnesses. A surfactant modified zeolite (SMZ) filtration system could provide produce farmers with a sustainable low-cost system for high-quality and safe irrigation water. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hexadecyltrimethylammonium …

Farmers’ Perspectives On Challenges And Opportunities Associated With Using High Tunnels For Specialty Crops, Analena B. Bruce, Elizabeth Maynard, James R. Farmer

Department of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture Faculty Publications

High tunnels are an increasingly popular part of the infrastructure among small and diversified farms that market their products directly to consumers. In addition to extending the growing season, research has strongly indicated that high tunnels can increase yield, enhance shelf life, and improve the quality of crops grown. The objective of this study was to gain a better understanding, from the perspective of farmers, of the challenges and opportunities associated with adopting high tunnels for specialty crops in Indiana. We collected information through a case study that included questionnaires and in-depth interviews with 20 farmers. We found that the …

In Vitro Propagation Of A Critically Endangered African Violets (Saintpaulia Rupicola B.L. Burtt), Thomas W. Lowry Iii

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

The in vitro propagation is a promising method for the production of plants in species that are endangered, commercially valuable, and/or otherwise difficult to propagate through traditional horticultural methods. Leaf and petiole explants of critically endangered African violets (Saintpaulia rupicola B.L. Burtt) were cultured on a chemically defined medium that was supplemented with six different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ). The concentrations were used for either an induction medium on which the explants remained throughout development, or an induction medium on which the explants remained for 10 days followed by a basal growth medium for the remainder of the 12 …

Nebline, May 2019

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

25 Years of Earth Wellness Festival: A Generation of Students Have Learned Value of Environmental Resources

Malcolm 4th Graders Learn About Healthy Choices

Recipe of the Month

2019 Cash Rent Survey

Bagworm Control in Windbreaks

Choosing the Best Bug Spray to Protect Your Family From Mosquitoes and Ticks

2019 Herb of the Year

Garden Guide Things to Do This Month

Children and Mindful Eating

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award: Susan Martin

Babysitting Training, June 18

4-H Announcements for 4-H'ers and Volunteers

Clover College

Upcoming Landscape Workshops

Extension News: New Domestic Water and Wastewater Extension Associate

Extension News: Two New Interns …

Use Of Annual Forage Mixtures In Crop/Livestock Production Systems In Nebraska, Nathan Paul Pflueger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Success of integrating annual forages into crop and livestock systems throughout Nebraska may be variable depending on field location, field/forage crop management, and precipitation. There are many different warm- and cool-season annual forage species available for integrating crop and livestock systems at different times of the year. Mixtures of cereal species, such as oats (Avena sativa)) and spring peas (Pisum sativum)), are often used to optimize forage quantity and forage quality. Our two-year, three location study across Nebraska’s precipitation gradient suggested that forage quantity and quality may vary by location due to different precipitation amounts received …

Vincent Van Gogh's Wheatfields And Piet Oudolf's Meadows: Color, Contrast And Change In The Landscape, Erin A. Cox

Landscape Architecture Undergraduate Honors Theses

This capstone investigates the unique relationship between Vincent Van Gogh and planting designer Piet Oudolf's vibrant use of color and contrast in their work as it relates to their perception of the landscape. The project is mainly a comparison of the two artists, exploring Van Gogh's use of complementary colors and brushstroke techniques to create vivid contrast in his renderings of agrarian landscapes, and Oudolf's parallel approach to creating painterly meadows and prairie gardens. The project focuses on Van Gogh’s study of wheat field landscapes, which are essentially the same in structure and composition but can be used to compare …

Dna Barcoding Of Pratylenchus From Agroecosystems In The Northern Great Plains Of North America, Mehmet Ozbayrak

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Pratylenchus species are among the most common plant parasitic nematodes in the Great Plains Region. The objectives of this study were to barcode Pratylenchus specimens for species identification in the Great Plains region using mitochondrial CO1 DNA barcode. In order to (1) determine species boundaries, (2) assess the host associations of barcoded Pratylenchus, (3) to determine the distribution patterns across the Great Plains Region and, (4) to evaluate the species status of P. scribneri and P. hexincisus by a multivariate morphological analysis of haplotype groups identified by DNA barcoding. Soil samples, primarily associated with eight major crops, were collected …

Establishment Of Perennial Legumes With An Annual Warm-Season Grass As A Companion Crop, Martina N. La Vallie

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The yields of perennial forage legumes are often hindered during the establishment year due to slow germination rates and weed competition. This study was conducted to determine if sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor x S. bicolor var. sudanese) is a compatible annual companion crop for increased forage production, weed suppression, and legume establishment. In 2016, sorghum-sudangrass was paired with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. ‘Ranger’), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), Illinois bundleflower [Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacMill. ex B.L. Rob. & Fernald], purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea Vent.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), and roundhead lespedeza (Lespedeza capitata Michx.). We studied effects of a …

Tree To Grass Water Use Ratios; Assessing Turfgrass’ High Water Use In The Urban Landscape, Tamara Wynne

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Water demand in the southwestern United States continues to rise. The population of the Las Vegas Valley doubled from 2000-2010 and now more than two million people call it home. The residential sector uses 60% of all water consumed in the valley. Outdoor urban landscape irrigation is responsible for 70% of all residential use. These landscapes are dominated by trees and turf grass. Although the water use of turf grass species is well studied, there are few published results about the water use of landscape trees in the desert southwest USA. To obtain a more complete picture of the tradeoffs …

Internal Design Of A Hydroponics Greenhouse For Tri Cycle Farms, Sarah Gould

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Hydroponics is the agricultural technique of growing plants without soil, using other growing media and added nutrients in a solvent. It is an attractive agricultural method over conventional agriculture because it is more water efficient, is less labor intensive, yields higher quality crops in less time, and is easier to control. According to the Digital Journal, “hydroponics crop value is anticipated to grow to USD 27.29 Billion by 2022 at an estimated CAGR of 6.39% from 2015 to 2020” (Sawant, 2016). Alongside this growing market acceptance for hydroponics, there is also a local demand that requires only a small transportation …

The Evaluation Of Low-Use-Rate Zinc Fertilization Strategies On Seedling Canopy Coverage, Zn Concentration, Biomass, And Grain Yield, Maxwell David Coffin

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Zinc (Zn) is the most common micronutrient deficiency in flooded rice (Oryza sativa L.). Some new Zn fertilization methods have been advertised, but have limited research supporting their efficacy. This study mainly compared the effect of Zn-seed treatment rate in combination with other low-use-rate Zn-fertilization methods to the standard of 11 kg Zn ha-1 as ZnSO4 on rice early-season canopy cover, tissue-Zn concentration, and grain yield. A secondary objective evaluated an alternative method (to seed treatment with ZnO) of enhancing seed-Zn concentration using post-heading foliar-Zn application on seedling tissue-Zn concentration and grain yield. For the main objective, rice seed was …

Assessment Of Control Of Ppo-Resistant Palmer Amaranth And Salvage Options In Herbicide-Resistant Cotton, Wyatt D. Coffman

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Palmer amaranth has been the most limiting weed in cotton production in the state of Arkansas for many years. Recently, resistance of Palmer amaranth to the protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting site of action has been discovered at various locations across the cotton-producing region of the state. Cotton varieties have been developed with resistance to synthetic auxin (WSSA Group 4) herbicides. However, research to date has shown PPO-resistant Palmer amaranth to be more difficult to control with herbicides that target alternative sites of action. Herbicide efficacy is also known to vary with weed size, varying spray parameters, and environmental conditions. Preliminary research …

Common Garden Experiment Reveals Altered Nutritional Values And Dna Methylation Profiles In Micropropagated Three Elite Ghanaian Sweet Potato Genotypes, Belinda Akomeah, Marian D. Quain, Sunita A. Ramesh, Lakshay Anand, Carlos M. Rodríguez López

Horticulture Faculty Publications

Micronutrient deficiency is the cause of multiple diseases in developing countries. Staple crop biofortification is an efficient means to combat such deficiencies in the diets of local consumers. Biofortified lines of sweet potato (Ipomoea batata L. Lam) with enhanced beta-carotene content have been developed in Ghana to alleviate Vitamin A Deficiency. These genotypes are propagated using meristem micropropagation to ensure the generation of virus-free propagules. In vitro culture exposes micropropagated plants to conditions that can lead to the accumulation of somaclonal variation with the potential to generate unwanted aberrant phenotypes. However, the effect of micropropagation induced somaclonal variation on …

Impact Of Cover Cropping On Non-Target Arthropod Pests Of Red Maple Trees In Nursery Production, Sujan Dawadi, Jason B. Oliver, Paul A. O'Neal, Karla M. Addesso

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Cropping practices can affect the complement of arthropod pests present in production. The impact of cover cropping on key red maple (Acer rubrum [L.]) (Sapindaceae) nursery pests was evaluated. Cover cropping has been identified as a sustainable management method for a key maple pest, flatheaded appletree borer (Chrysobothris femorata [Olivier]) (Buprestidae), but the impact of the cover crop on other non-target arthropod pests in maple production also must be taken into account when determining the usefulness of cover cropping as a pest management tool. In addition to flatheaded appletree borer, other important arthropod pests of red maple in …

Improved Draft Genome Sequence Of Bacillus Sp. Strain Yf23, Which Has Plant Growth-Promoting Activity, Ye Xia, Seth Debolt, Qin Ma, Adam Mcdermaid, Cankun Wang, Nicole Shapiro, Tanja Woyke, Nikos C. Kyrpides

Horticulture Faculty Publications

We report here the improved draft genome sequence of Bacillus sp. strain YF23, a bacterium originally isolated from switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) plants and shown to exhibit plant growth-promoting activity. The genome comprised 5.82 Mbp, containing 5,933 genes, with 193 as RNA genes, and a GC content of 35.10%.

Chemical Free Edible Flowers, Elise Abbott

Scholars Week

Nature is equipped with all the right systems and services in order to be self sustaining. But in the global flower industry, growers are battling insect infestations like never before because of stricter import laws by the United States Department of Agriculture. In order to ensure the processing of their flowers, growers douse them in pesticides making them inedible and harmful to those who work with them. As edible flowers are making their way into the market on cakes and desserts, fresh salads, specialty spreads and much more it's imperative that they are grown in a sustainable and safe manner. …

Pengaruh Perlakuan Ethyl Methanesulphonate Terhadap Perkecambahan Dan Pertumbuhan Kentang Granola (Biji), Hanifah Nuraeni Suteja, Neni Rostini, Suseno Amien

Jurnal Kultivasi

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kentang Granola dari biji botani dan memperoleh konsentrasi efektif untuk mendapatkan mutan berdaya hasil tinggi. Percobaan dilakukan dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama dilakukan di laboratorium kultur jaringan BALITSA, Lembang, yang terdiri dari tahap perlakuan EMS pada biji dengan konsentrasi 0,01%; 0,03%; 0,05%; 0,07%; 0,10%; 0,13%; 0,15%; 0,17%; dan 0,20%; selama 3 dan 6 jam, penanaman biji pada media kultur MS, perbanyakan planlet dan pengamatan planlet. Tahap kedua dilakukan di rumah kasa di Pangalengan yang terdiri dari tahapan aklimatisasi menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 14 perlakuan EMS yang diulang 3 …

Flowering, Drought, And Disease Tolerance, And Landscape Performance Of Landscape Rose Grown Under Low-Input Conditions In North Central Texas, Derald A. Harp, Gaye Hammond, David C. Zlesak, Greg Church, Mark Chamblee, Steve George

Faculty Publications

Landscaping today involves the struggle to balance aesthetically pleasing plants while minimizing the impact on the environment, reducing water usage, decreasing fertilizer use, and eliminating or significantly reducing pesticide usage. Roses (Rosa sp.), although seen as challenging plants, remain the most popular flowering shrub in the United States. The identification of new cultivars that combine beauty, pest and disease resistance, and drought tolerance are important to Texas landscapes. Sixty roses were assessed over a 3-year period to determine flowering, drought tolerance, disease resistance, and overall landscape performance in minimal-input gardens in north central Texas. Atypical weather during the study …

Pittsburg State University Goes Native: A Study On The Resources And Wildlife Attraction Of A Native Pollinator Garden On A College Campus, Morgan Smith, Christine Brodsky

Posters

Native pollinator gardens benefit urban communities by promoting pollination and providing support for native biodiversity conservation. Urban green spaces encourage social and physical activity, promote education, and positively influence public health in urban dwellers. Many studies have been conducted in order to fully under­stand the importance of native species reintroduction. The continuous research in this area of urban ecology can lead to better conservation and sustainability practices. This paper examines what kind of resources (i.e. costs, plants, area) are required to create a pollinator/native garden on a college campus and what kind of wildlife can be attracted by the implementation …