Botany Commons^™

Arkansas Soybean Performance Tests 2003, D. G. Dombek, D. K. Ahrent, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Soybean cultivar performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. The tests provide information to companies developing cultivars and/or marketing seed within the State and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating cultivar recommendations for soybean producers.

The Genus Crataegus L. (Rosaceae) With Special Reference To Hybridisation And Biodiversity In Turkey, Ali̇ Arslan Dönmez

Turkish Journal of Botany

The genus Crataegus L. has approximately 200 species worldwide. However, the number of the species is increased to 1200 species by some taxonomists. Traditionally, the genus is placed in the subfamily Maloideae and it is closely related to the genera Pyracantha M.Roem., Mespilus L. and Hesperomeles Lindl. The latest phylogenetic analysis of the genus shows that it is closest to the genus Osteomeles Lind. Crataegus is divided into 40 sections by various taxonomists. The genetic diversity centre of the section Crataegus ranges from Turkey to Iran. According to field observations in Turkey, new diversity centres are proposed. The latest studies …

Biology Of The Central Desert Of Oman, Shahina A. Ghazanfar

Turkish Journal of Botany

A biological survey of the central desert of Oman was done using long distance transects. Vegetation was sparse and consisted of 200+ plant species, 22 species of mammals, 17 species of reptiles and amphibians, and more than 50 species of birds (migratory and resident). Three main vegetation types were identified based on ground substrate and the dominance of species. These were communities with Acacia Willd., Zygophyllum L., and open woodlands of Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce. Over-grazing and development in the central desert has led to concerns over the conservation of the desert ecosystem in Oman.

Rare Plants And Nickel Accumulators From Turkish Serpentine Soils, With Special Reference To Centaurea Species, Roger D. Reeves, Nezaket Adigüzel

Turkish Journal of Botany

Recent exploration and collecting from areas of serpentine soils in western and central regions of Turkey have shown that there is still much to be discovered. This work has led to the identification of new species, the re-collection of very rare species, the recording of extensions to the known ranges of several species, and the discovery of new instances of Ni hyperaccumulation, in which plant species can accumulate this element to concentrations exceeding 0.1% of the dry weight of the plant. In Turkey, there has already been special interest in Ni accumulation by species of Aethionema R.Br., Alyssum L., Bornmuellera …

Colonial And Morphological Characteristics Of Some Aspergillus Fr.:Fr. Species Isolated From Vineyards In Manisa And İzmir Provinces (Turkey), Rengi̇n Eltem, Tüli̇n Aşkun, Nermi̇n Sarigül, Evri̇m Özkale, Hafi̇ze Efendi̇ler

Turkish Journal of Botany

Five Aspergillus Fr.:Fr. species and 3 varieties were described from the point of view of colonial and morphological characteristics. These species and varietes are isolated from soil, grape and sultana raisins from vineyards in Manisa and İzmir provinces (Turkey). These are as follows: A. flavofurcatus Bat. & H.Maia, A. heteromorphus Bat. & H.Maia, A. pulverulentus (McAlpine) Wehmer, A. unguis (Emile-Weil & L.Gaudin) Thom & Raper, A. viridinutans Ducker & Thrower, A. foetidus Thom & Raper var. pallidus (Nakaz., Simo & A.Watan.) Raper & Fennell, A. foetidus Thom & Raper var. acidus (Nakaz., Simo and A.Watan.) Raper & Fennell and A. …

New Records In Coprinaceae And Bolbitiaceae From Mut (Mersin) District, Giyasetti̇n Kaşik, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Doğan, Celaleddi̇n Öztürk, Si̇nan Aktaş

Turkish Journal of Botany

As a result of taxonomic investigations carried out in the Mut (Mersin) district, 9 species belonging to 2 families (Coprinaceae and Bolbitiaceae) are recorded for the first time for the macrofungi flora of Turkey. These species are Psathyrella badiophylla(Romagn.) Park.-Rhodes, P. bifrons (Berk.) Smith, P. cernua (Vahl: Fr.) G.Hirsch, P. murcida (Fr.) Kits van Wav., Agrocybe splendida Clç., Conocybe subpubescens P.D.Orton, C. fuscimarginata (Murr.) Sing., C. tenera (Schaeff.: Fr.) Fay. and Pholiotina aporos (Kits van Wav.) Clç.

Plant Life Of South-West Asia Symposia: Vi - Past And Future, Ian C. Hedge

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

Morphological And Anatomical Investigations On The Saponaria Kotschyi Boiss. (Caryophyllaceae), Ebru Ataşlar

Turkish Journal of Botany

The morphological, anatomical and micromorphological features of Saponaria kotschyi Boiss. have been studied on plants collected from Osmangazi University-Meşelik Campus, Eskişehir. S. kotschyi is an endemic species and a new record from Eskişehir. In general, the results obtained from morphological studies were consistent with the description given in the Flora of Turkey, except for the calyx, as the calyx of S. kotschyi flowers not only had glandular hairs but also eglandular hairs. The anatomical studies on cross-sections of the root, stem, leaves and surface sections of leaves were presented and compared with previous findings. Furthermore, the micromorphological properties of the …

Macrofungi Of Sinop Province, Ahmet Afyon, Dursun Yağiz, Muhsi̇n Konuk

Turkish Journal of Botany

This study was based on macrofungi specimens collected from Sinop province between 1998 and 2000. According to the field and laboratory work, 170 taxa belonging to 32 families have been identified and 32 of these taxa were added to Turkey's macromycota flora as new records.

A Taxonomic Study On The Phytoplankton Of Lake Uluabat (Bursa), Di̇dem Karacaoğlu, Şükran Dere, Nurhayat Dalkiran

Turkish Journal of Botany

The phytoplanktonic algal flora of Lake Uluabat was studied during July 1998- June 1999 by analysing samples taken each month from 5 sampling stations. Identified taxa (331) of the phytoplanktonic community are as follows: 152 Bacillariophyta, 89 Chlorophyta, 42 Cyanophyta, 31 Euglenophyta, 11 Dinophyta, 4 Cryptophyta and 2 Chrysophyta. Algal species which live in eutrophic water are dominant in the phytoplankton. Most of the species are characterised by their widespread presence, although it is also noted that some taxa are rarely found in Turkey.

A New Record For The Flora Of Turkey: Tripleurospermum Subnivale Pobed. (Asteraceae), Hüseyi̇n İnceer, Osman Beyazoğlu

Turkish Journal of Botany

Tripleurospermum subnivale Pobed. (Asteraceae) is reported for the first time (A8 Rize) for the Flora of Turkey.

Recent Developments In International Biological Nomenclature, Werner Greuter

Turkish Journal of Botany

After a period of several decades of general neglect, biological systematics and taxonomy are again surfacing to the awareness of the scientific community and of policy makers. This we owe to the fact that they are the core disciplines of biodiversity research, now perceived to be a priority task in view of the impending threat of loss through extinction of a great number of species, and the wholesale destruction of ecosystems. Yet the renaissance of systematics and taxonomy is hampered by the inadequacy of the traditional rules governing the formation and use of scientific names of organisms. Names are a …

On The Distribution And Relationships Of The South-West Asian Species Of Eryngium L. (Apiaceae-Saniculoideae), Arno Worz

Turkish Journal of Botany

This paper deals with the Old World species of Eryngium L. which grow mostly in regions with a Mediteranean type climate. Two centres of diversity are visible: one in the Western Mediterranean (Iberian Peninsula, Morocco), and the other one in South-West Asia. Distribution maps are presented for several species from South-West Asia, which is probably the genus' most important centre of diversity. A preliminary new classification of the genus Eryngium is presented, including a new combination (Eryngium subgenus Fruticosum (Wolff) Wörz stat. nov.). Both the species and the sectional diversity are conspicuously present in Turkey, where 9 of 14 sections …

Origin And Maintenance Of Rhododendron X Sochadzeae, A Fertile F1 Hybrid Which Occupies An Ecotone Between R. Ponticum And R. Caucasicum In Turkey, Richard I. Milne, Sali̇h Terzi̇oğlu, Richard J. Abbott

Turkish Journal of Botany

Isolating barriers between sympatric interfertile species are maintained by processes that occur within their hybrid zones. Although the effects of intrinsic selection on hybrid fitness are well known, less is understood about extrinsic fitness variation. At Tiryal Dağı, NE Turkey, Rhododendron x sochadzeae Charadze & Davlianidze (R. ponticum L. x caucasicum Pall.) forms large populations in which neither segregation nor backcrossing occur, in habitats intermediate between those of its parents. Using single-copy species-specific RAPD and ISSR markers, it was determined that all R. x sochadzeae plants are F1s, and that there are many separate genets present. Through hand pollination experiments, …

Jasione L. Taxonomy And Phylogeny, Fatima Sales, Ian C. Hedge, William Eddie, Jill Preston, Michael Moeller

Turkish Journal of Botany

Jasione L., a genus with small flowers in compact ebracteolate heads subtended by involucral bracts, is very isolated in the Campanulaceae. It is mainly a Mediterranean-European genus with c. 15, mostly polymorphic, species, which show evidence of recent speciation, possibly as recent as the last glaciation. In the west of its distributional range, where the greatest morphological variation occurs, there has been much recent investigation on morphology, anatomy, phenetics, molecular evidence and nomenclature. This research has provided considerable evidence for a reduction in the number of taxa that should be recognised. On-going research is focused on more detailed molecular studies …

Lichen Records From The Alpine Region Of Uludağ (Olympus) Mountain In Bursa - Turkey, Şaban Güvenç, Şule Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this paper, 66 taxa belonging to 37 genera were determined from the alpine region of Uludağ (Bursa). Buellia leptocline (Flot.) A.Massal. and Lecanora rupicola (L.) Zahlbr. ssp. subplanata (Nyl.) Leuckert & Poelt are new records for Turkey.

New Records For The Myxobiota Of Turkey, Raşi̇t Batur Oran, C. Cem Ergül

Turkish Journal of Botany

Twenty-two Myxomycetes species are new records for Turkey. Protophysaraceae Castillo, Illana & Moreno is a new family record and among these species Collaria arcyrionema (Rost.) Hertel is also a new genus record for the myxobiota of Turkey.

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Post-Harvest Disease Resistance In Blackberry Genotypes, John-Paul Kidd, John R. Clark, Patrick Fenn, Barbara Smith

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Forty-nine blackberry genotypes (19 cultivars and 30 breeding selections) were evaluated for post-harvest fruit-rot resistance in June and July 2003. Fully mature, undamaged berries were harvested on two dates for each genotype at the University of Arkansas Fruit Substation, Clarksville. After transporting in chilled coolers back to the Plant Pathology Department in Fayetteville, two replications of 10 berries of each genotype were placed in a high-humidity chamber for 3 d (21-23°C; 16-h daylength). This provided a total of four replications for each entry across the two harvest dates. Natural inoculum from the field provided the post-harvest pathogens, and no additional …

Microbial Biomass And Nitrogen Availability Under The Invasive Plant Species Lonicera Japonica And Native Grasses In Wetland Soil, Kimberly R. Payne, Mary C. Savin, Peter J. Tomlinson

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Invasive plants decrease aboveground biodiversity and suitable wildlife habitat. Wetlands are especially valuable ecosystems because they provide habitat, floodwater control, and function as filters for urban runoff. Wetland soils also act as sinks for nutrients. This characteristic reduces levels of excess nutrients often found in adjacent aquatic systems. The importance of soil functions in wetlands necessitates further investigation of the effects of invasive species on belowground nutrient pools. Approximately 75% of a small neighborhood wetland located in Fayetteville, Ark., has been invaded by Lonicera japonica. The effects of L. japonica and its replacement with native grasses on soil microbial biomass …

Relationships Between Needle Nitrogen Concentration And Photosynthetic Responses Of Douglas-Fir Seedlings To Elevated Co2 And Temperature, James D. Lewis, Melissa S. Lucash, David M. Olszyk, David T. Tingey

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

• Here we examined correlations between needle nitrogen concentration ([N]) and photosynthetic responses of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings to growth in elevated temperatures and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO₂]).
• Seedlings were grown in sunlit, climate-controlled chambers at ambient or ambient+3.5^° C and ambient or ambient +180 μmol mol^-1 CO₂ in a full factorial design. Photosynthetic parameters and needle [N] were measured six times over a 21-month period.
• Needle [N] varied seasonally, and accounted for 30–50% of the variation in photosynthetic parameters. Across measurement periods, elevated temperature increased needle [N] by 26% and light-saturated …

A Morphological And Anatomical Study On Endemic Alkanna Haussknechtii Bornm. (Boraginaceae), Critically Endangered In Turkey, Öznur Ergen Akçi̇n, Nezahat Kandemi̇r, Arzu Cansaran

Turkish Journal of Botany

Alkanna haussknechtii Bornm., which occurs only in the vicinity of Amasya, is critically endangered. The morphological and anatomical properties of the species, an endemic plant of the Irano-Turanian phytogeographic region, were investigated. The root is perennial. The leaves are ecvifacial and have stomata cells that are anisocytic and anomocytic. The stomata index is 18.048 on the upper epidermis and 15.428 on the lower epidermis.

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Propagation Of Thornless Blackberries Utilizing Adventitious Shoots From Root Cuttings, Ellen Thompson, John R. Clark, Curt C. Rom

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Studies were conducted in early 2003 to determine the effect of root source and length on yield of adventitious shoots from root cuttings and on subsequent plant yield for University of Arkansas-developed thornless blackberries. In the first study, roots from ‘Arapaho’ and ‘Apache’ plants grown in an aboveground bed containing commercial potting soil were compared to field-grown roots. Bed-grown roots averaged 6.9 shoots per 15 cm root cutting while field grown roots averaged 3.4. ‘Apache’ produced more shoots/root cutting compared to Arapaho, (5.9 vs. 4.4 shoots/root cutting, respectively). In a comparison of 15- vs. 30-cm-long root cuttings of ‘Apache’, ‘Arapaho’, …

Using Multi-Spectral Imagery To Evaluate Corn Grown Under Nitrogen And Drought Stressed Conditions, Shannon L. Osborne, James S. Schepers, Mike R. Schlemmer

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The in-season estimation of crop stresses which have the potential of adversely affecting crop yield and/or quality could allow producers to make in-season management decisions to correct for the particular stress. A field study was conducted to evaluate the use of multispectral imagery for estimating corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield, in-season biomass and nitrogen (N) concentration under varying N and drought stresses. The experiment was a split-plot design with three replications using a factorial arrangement of treatments. Three irrigation (whole-plot) treatments included dry land, irrigation based on 0.5, and full evapotranspiration (ET). Sub-plot treatments included five N …

Expression Of A Putative Flavonoid 3'-Hydroxylase In Sorghum Mesocotyls Synthesizing 3-Deoxyanthocyanidin Phytoalexins, Jayanand Boddu, Catherine Svabek, Rajandeep Sekhon, Amanda Gevens, Ralph L. Nicholson, A. Daniel Jones, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, David L. Gustine, Surinder Chopra

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

In sorghum, ingress of Cochliobolus heterostrophus stimulates the synthesis of 3-deoxyanthocyanidins that act as phytoalexins. Apigeninidin and luteolinidin are two major phytoalexins induced in the first 24 h after infection. In an attempt to understand genetic regulation of the biosynthesis of sorghum phytoalexins, we isolated a differentially expressed partial cDNA. Characterization and comparison showed that this cDNA sequence corresponds to a putative flavonoid 3’-hydroxylase. Full length sequence characterization allowed us to establish that the sorghum putative f3’h cDNA encodes a peptide of 517 amino acids that has domains conserved among cytochrome P450 proteins functioning in …

The High Mountain Vegetation Of Turkey - A State Of The Art Report, Including A First Annotated Conspectus Of The Major Syntaxa, Gerald Parolly

Turkish Journal of Botany

This contribution spotlights the present research on the (oreal) subalpine to subnival mountain vegetation of Turkey. It concisely compiles our present knowledge, which is very heterogeneous in geographical terms. The situation is comparatively good in NW and W Anatolia and the western half of the Taurus range, from where a first consolidation stage can be reported. By contrast, the E Taurus remains a largely unexplored area. The Pontic chains have hitherto attracted a few local researchers only, and those important pioneering accounts cover less than half of the vegetation types actually present. The results of the last years' field work …

Census Catalogue Of Polish Mosses (2003), Adnan Erdağ

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

Pineywoods Native Plant Center, Winter 2004, Sfa Gardens, Stephen F. Austin State University

SFA Gardens Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Field Evaluation Of Herbicides On Vegetables, Small Fruit, And Ornamental Crops 2003, Ronald E. Talbert, Brian V. Ottis, Mayank S. Malik, Andrew T. Ellis

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Herbicide evaluation studies on vegetables, small fruit, and ornamental crops were conducted in 2003 at the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station in Fayetteville, Ark., and the Vegetable Substation near Kibler, Ark., in an effort to evaluate new herbicides, herbicide mixtures, and their application timings for weed control efficacy and crop tolerance. Results of these studies, in part, provide useful information to producers, fellow researchers, the Crop Protection Industry, and the IR-4 Minor Crop Pest Management Program in the development of potential new herbicide uses in vegetable, fruit, and ornamental production.