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Articles 31 - 60 of 2752
Full-Text Articles in Exercise Physiology
Trust, Culture, And Conversation: How Athletic Training Leaders Navigate High-Stakes Interactions, Nicole A. Wilkins, Ashley B. Thrasher, Ericka P. Zimmerman
Trust, Culture, And Conversation: How Athletic Training Leaders Navigate High-Stakes Interactions, Nicole A. Wilkins, Ashley B. Thrasher, Ericka P. Zimmerman
Clinical Practice in Athletic Training
Introduction: Engaging in difficult conversations is central to leadership growth and requires sustained effort to refine and strengthen these skills. Leaders not only need to navigate the complexities of their role within an organization, but also the intersectionality of interpersonal dynamics, emotional intelligence, structural hierarchies, and the nuanced environments that influence how communication occurs. Furthermore, leaders must adapt to role expectations that shift across clinical, academic, and administrative contexts, adjusting their approach to engaging in conversations based on these complexities. As part of a larger research project examining difficult conversations, this portion of the study explored how leaders in athletic …
Integrating Wearable Technologies Into Athletic Training: Bridging Innovation And Clinical Practice, Michael Douglas
Integrating Wearable Technologies Into Athletic Training: Bridging Innovation And Clinical Practice, Michael Douglas
Clinical Practice in Athletic Training
Athletic training is entering a transformative period driven by the convergence of wearable technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), and advanced biomechanical modeling. Historically, wearable technology in sport was primarily used for performance tracking, including workload monitoring, heart rate assessment, and movement quantification. However, advances in sensor accuracy and data analytics have expanded the clinical relevance of wearable systems, allowing athletic trainers to monitor fatigue markers, movement asymmetry, and neuromuscular control patterns that inform injury risk and rehabilitation progression. Wearable sensor technologies provide objective data that can support clinical decision-making when integrated with traditional evaluation methods.¹Despite these advancements, wearable technologies present persistent …
Recurrent Lateral Patellar Dislocation After Mpfl Repair With Subsequent Tibial Tubercle Anteromedialization And Concomiant Mpfl Reconstruction, Jacob Hardy, Anthony Thomas Drazick, Joshua Pratt, Jeremy M. Burnham
Recurrent Lateral Patellar Dislocation After Mpfl Repair With Subsequent Tibial Tubercle Anteromedialization And Concomiant Mpfl Reconstruction, Jacob Hardy, Anthony Thomas Drazick, Joshua Pratt, Jeremy M. Burnham
Clinical Practice in Athletic Training
Introduction: Patellar instability is a common knee pathology, particularly among adolescents and young adults, with reported incidence rates ranging from 7 to 77 per 100,000 person-years. Following an initial patellar dislocation, recurrence rates have been reported as high as 86%, particularly in patients with underlying anatomic risk factors. Identification of the multifactorial contributors to patellar instability is critical to guide appropriate management and prevent recurrent episodes. Common pathoanatomic factors associated with recurrent instability include trochlear dysplasia, patella alta, lateralized tibial tubercle, coronal or torsional malalignment, and abnormal patellar shift. This case report describes a patient who presented with a chronic …
Improving Entry-Level Athletic Training Student Confidence In Emergency Care: A Pilot Study, Michele Pye, Cade Watts, John Hunt, Kimberly Pritchard
Improving Entry-Level Athletic Training Student Confidence In Emergency Care: A Pilot Study, Michele Pye, Cade Watts, John Hunt, Kimberly Pritchard
Clinical Practice in Athletic Training
Introduction: Immediate and emergency care is essential to athletic training education and clinical practice. Athletic training students (ATS) may have limited exposure to emergencies during their clinical experiences, which can undermine their confidence. AT educators can improve ATS confidence and clinical reasoning using a simulation-based, learner-centered SNAPPS approach. SNAPPS consists of Summarizing the history and findings, Narrowing and Analyzing the differential diagnoses, Probing peers about uncertainties or confusion, Planning management, and Selecting case-related knowledge gaps for self-directed learning. This empowers students to control the learning environment while adding realism to encounters. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine …
Performance On The Timed Single-Leg Step-Down Test Is Correlated With Hip And Knee Biomechanics As Measured By 3d Markerless Motion Capture, Ghislain Aminake, Anthony Drazick, Christ Focht, Chloe Roy, Emily Clark, Savannah Knighton, Edward Austin, Jeremy Burnham
Performance On The Timed Single-Leg Step-Down Test Is Correlated With Hip And Knee Biomechanics As Measured By 3d Markerless Motion Capture, Ghislain Aminake, Anthony Drazick, Christ Focht, Chloe Roy, Emily Clark, Savannah Knighton, Edward Austin, Jeremy Burnham
Clinical Practice in Athletic Training
Introduction: The timed single-leg step-down (SLSD) test is widely used in clinical and sports settings to assess lower extremity function and injury risk, yet the specific biomechanical determinants of performance on this test remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between performance on the timed SLSD test and hip and knee biomechanics captured by a markerless 3-D motion-analysis system. Methods: Twenty (20) healthy high school athletes with no recent history of lower extremity injury completed a 60-second timed single leg step down test. The number of quality SLSD repetitions (REPS) constituted their SLSD score. …
Ultrasound-Derived Liver Composition And Metabolic Flexibility Under Exercise Stress, Rhodes Van Houten
Ultrasound-Derived Liver Composition And Metabolic Flexibility Under Exercise Stress, Rhodes Van Houten
All Master's Theses
Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is characterized by abnormal liver fat accumulation in conjunction with metabolic syndromes. MAFLD affects 33% of individuals worldwide, though little is known about how increased liver fat impacts physiological responses to exercise. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between liver composition and metabolic flexibility during a graded exercise test. Body composition was analyzed via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Liver ultrasound was evaluated for echogenicity, where elevated mean gray volume (MGV) indicates abnormal liver tissue. Rates of fat (FATox) and carbohydrate (CHOox) oxidation (g/min), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and blood lactate concentrations ([LA-], …
An Exploratory Analysis Of The Role Of Sex In Load Carriage, Rachel E. Perez, Dustin R. Slivka, Brent C. Ruby
An Exploratory Analysis Of The Role Of Sex In Load Carriage, Rachel E. Perez, Dustin R. Slivka, Brent C. Ruby
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Axially loaded weight may impose a metabolic demand equivalent to that of fat mass (FM) during load carriage. Males (M) typically have a lower body fat percentage than females (F), resulting in metabolic demand differences during load carriage that may be mitigated by accounting for FM in pack loads. PURPOSE: To determine whether normalizing pack load to FM equalizes metabolic cost across sexes during load carriage. METHODS: Twenty-eight participants (14M, 23 ± 5 y, 1.81 ± 0.07 m, 78.7 ± 10.0 kg, 12.7 ± 5.4% body fat, VO2peak 4.18 ± 0.54 L·min-1; 14F, 22 ± 4 …
Effects Of Rehabilitative Device On Parkinsonian Gait, Brooke N. Ray, Ksenia I. Ustinova, Joseph E. Langenderfer
Effects Of Rehabilitative Device On Parkinsonian Gait, Brooke N. Ray, Ksenia I. Ustinova, Joseph E. Langenderfer
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(7): 1422-1440, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/TGOI6101 Parkinson’s disease (PD) is second in occurrence among neurodegenerative disorders after Alzheimer’s disease and significantly impacts gait and mobility. This research tested the effect of the NewGait rehabilitative device in PD impaired individuals. Twenty individuals with PD participated in this study. Walking gait for three conditions were analyzed: Normal, wearing NewGait and Post-NewGait. Standard spatial and temporal analysis measures as well as nonlinear measures from recurrence quantification were compared to determine any effects of the device on walking gait. NewGait was perceived to be both comfortable to wear as well as …
The Effect Of Three Precooling Methods On Endurance Performance In Active Men, Bahman Mirzae, Mohammadreza E. Toloee, Omid Malekshahi, Victor Romano
The Effect Of Three Precooling Methods On Endurance Performance In Active Men, Bahman Mirzae, Mohammadreza E. Toloee, Omid Malekshahi, Victor Romano
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(6): 1410-1421, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/ERZX6867 The study aimed to compare the effect of three precooling techniques (internal, external, and combined) on the time to reach exhaustion in active men. Eight active men (23 ± 2 yrs; 178 ± 6 cm; 73 ± 11 kg) participated] in 4 exhaustive test sessions with a minimum power output of 40Wmax. Sessions included consumption of 7.5 grams of ice water with a temperature of -1 degree per kilogram of body weight, cold towels (4-6°C) used to cool the skin surface], a combination of ice water consumption and a towel cooling, …
Can Motivation And Self-Efficacy Predict A Law Enforcement Officer’S General And Job-Specific Fitness?, Robert G. Lockie, Maria M. Beitzel, Tyler Campana, Jennifer Kramer, Robin (Rob) Marc Orr, J. Jay Dawes, Joseph Dulla
Can Motivation And Self-Efficacy Predict A Law Enforcement Officer’S General And Job-Specific Fitness?, Robert G. Lockie, Maria M. Beitzel, Tyler Campana, Jennifer Kramer, Robin (Rob) Marc Orr, J. Jay Dawes, Joseph Dulla
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(8): 1393-1409, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/GEHB5425 Sedentary behaviors contribute to law enforcement officer fitness declines over a career. An officer’s motivation (desire to exercise) and self-efficacy (belief in ability to exercise) could affect whether they exercise and predict resulting fitness. Data from 60 officers (48 men, 12 women) were analyzed. Motivation (amotivation, external, introjected, identified, integrated, and intrinsic regulation) was measured via the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire. A 6-item questionnaire assessed coping (confidence in exercising under challenging conditions) and scheduling (confidence in scheduling exercise) self-efficacy. General fitness variables included sit-and-reach, grip strength, 60-s push-ups, 60-s sit-ups, …
Assessing Aerobic And Anaerobic Thresholds With Emphasis On Isocapnic Buffering In Endurance Runners, Yahya Mushaflar Fathi, Seyed Houtan Shahidi Dr., Prof. Dr. Mohamed Twfeq Othman Alhusaen Aga
Assessing Aerobic And Anaerobic Thresholds With Emphasis On Isocapnic Buffering In Endurance Runners, Yahya Mushaflar Fathi, Seyed Houtan Shahidi Dr., Prof. Dr. Mohamed Twfeq Othman Alhusaen Aga
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(5): 1381-1392, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/IYED1370 Accurate determination of metabolic thresholds is essential for designing effective endurance training. This study aimed to apply a multi-visit Step–Ramp–Step (SRS) protocol to identify aerobic (VT1) and anaerobic (VT2/RCP) thresholds in trained endurance runners, with a particular focus on delineating the isocapnic buffering region—the ventilatory phase between VT1 and VT2 where carbon dioxide (PetCO₂) remains stable despite rising ventilation. Twelve trained male runners (mean age: 27.1 ± 1.9 years; VO₂max: 60.5 ± 2.1 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹) completed the SRS protocol across separate lab visits. Each session included a 4-minute moderate-intensity phase, a progressive …
The Effects Of Visual And Audio Secondary Cognitive Tasks During Landing: A Statistical Parametric Mapping Analysis Of Hip And Knee Biomechanics, Hillary Nguyen, Amber Lyle, Kevin Tran, Dominic Espinoza, Gerwyn Hughes
The Effects Of Visual And Audio Secondary Cognitive Tasks During Landing: A Statistical Parametric Mapping Analysis Of Hip And Knee Biomechanics, Hillary Nguyen, Amber Lyle, Kevin Tran, Dominic Espinoza, Gerwyn Hughes
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(7): 1367-1380, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/KGHI3479 ACL injuries often occur when athletes perform cognitive tasks while performing a landing/cutting movement. This study investigated the effects of secondary cognitive tasks on hip and knee biomechanics during single limb landing. Sixteen recreational athletes (10 females and 6 males, age: 21.6 ± 2.5 years, mass: 65.2 ± 8.9 kg, height 1.66 ± 0.07 m) performed landings on their dominant limb as a single task and while simultaneously performing secondary cognitive tasks (mental arithmetic) provided through audio and visual means. Hip and knee joint angles and moments were calculated in all …
Treadmill Exercise And Indoor Cycling: Self-Selected Intensity, Perceived Enjoyment, And Importance Of Preference For Activity Mode, Ernst A. Hansen, Jonathan Ipsen, Jari Schneider, Simon Petersen, Alexander Petersen, Marianne Lindahl
Treadmill Exercise And Indoor Cycling: Self-Selected Intensity, Perceived Enjoyment, And Importance Of Preference For Activity Mode, Ernst A. Hansen, Jonathan Ipsen, Jari Schneider, Simon Petersen, Alexander Petersen, Marianne Lindahl
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(5): 1344-1354, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/NCPI2090 For advancement of public health through exercise, exercise intensity and enjoyment are important. We aimed at testing whether self-selected exercise intensity was higher during treadmill exercise than during indoor cycling. Secondly, the enjoyment associated with the two activities was evaluated. Thirdly, in a person-centered analysis, taking into account the participants’ preference for mode of activity, we assessed whether preference for one of the activity modes was accompanied by greater intensity. Healthy adults (n=21) participated in the repeated measures crossover-designed study. They performed 16-min bouts of treadmill exercise and indoor cycling at …
Acute Physiological Responses To Rope Climbing Ergometer High-Intensity Interval Training In Males And Females, Hannah K. Eberhardt, Matthew F. Brisebois, Matthew A. Yeomans, Patrick G. Saracino
Acute Physiological Responses To Rope Climbing Ergometer High-Intensity Interval Training In Males And Females, Hannah K. Eberhardt, Matthew F. Brisebois, Matthew A. Yeomans, Patrick G. Saracino
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(3): 1355-1366, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/EAFV3707 This study aimed to assess the acute physiological responses to a single bout of rope climbing high-intensity interval training (RC-HIIT) and compare the responses between sexes as no data currently exists on this training modality. Following an overnight fast, body composition was assessed, and resting measurements were recorded. Participants then completed an exercise protocol consisting of 10 rounds of maximal effort rope climbing using a 30:60 second work:rest ratio. Gas analysis and heart rate (HR) were recorded continuously. Blood lactate (BLa) was measured following the final work interval. Participants remained seated …
The Effect Of High-Intensity Interval Training On Visceral Adipose Tissue In Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review, Ivan D. Delgado, Julio C. Delgado, Ryan D. Burns
The Effect Of High-Intensity Interval Training On Visceral Adipose Tissue In Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review, Ivan D. Delgado, Julio C. Delgado, Ryan D. Burns
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(5): 1321-1333, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/YEUF2363 Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a significant contributor to insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The effectiveness of time-efficient high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in reducing VAT has not been reviewed. A systematic search conducted on PubMed, Embase, and SPORTDiscus up to April 2025 for randomized controlled trials that compared HIIT with non-exercise control and quantified VAT using imaging identified five trials (n = 138) that met inclusion criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using a nine-item modified PEDro scale. Four trials reported significant reductions in VAT after 8-12 weeks of …
Effects Of A Personalized Fitness Program Provided By Undergraduate Exercise Science Students On Attitudes Toward Exercise, Mental Health, And Quality Of Life, Kris M. Cleveland, Jacob Fike, Scott Peterson
Effects Of A Personalized Fitness Program Provided By Undergraduate Exercise Science Students On Attitudes Toward Exercise, Mental Health, And Quality Of Life, Kris M. Cleveland, Jacob Fike, Scott Peterson
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(4): 1334-1343, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/IYNS6043 Personalized fitness training is designed to improve physical health and fitness, but may also promote mental health and well-being. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are positive psychological outcomes for clients participating in a community-based personalized fitness program led by undergraduate Exercise Science students. A total of 44 participants completed a battery of psychological scales both before and after participation in a 12-week university-sponsored personalized fitness training program. Psychological measures included the Exercise Attitudes Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale for Exercise, Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, Health Status Questionnaire, …
The Effects Of Caffeine And Resistance Exercise On Pulse Wave Reflection In Resistance-Trained Women, Sarah G. Kearney, Therese M. Smith, Meredith C. Paskert Joplin, Erica Marshall, Jason C. Parks, Stacie M. Humm, Michelle A. Kern, J. Derek Kingsley
The Effects Of Caffeine And Resistance Exercise On Pulse Wave Reflection In Resistance-Trained Women, Sarah G. Kearney, Therese M. Smith, Meredith C. Paskert Joplin, Erica Marshall, Jason C. Parks, Stacie M. Humm, Michelle A. Kern, J. Derek Kingsley
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(6): 1310-1320, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/RWDY4284 Caffeine, alone or in conjunction with an acute bout of resistance exercise (RE), increases measures of pulse wave reflection (PWR), with most studies focusing on men. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate caffeine’s effects on measures of PWR alone and following an acute bout of RE in young, healthy, resistance-trained women. Eleven resistance-trained women completed an acute bout of RE using free-weights with repetitions to failure for squat and bench press with caffeine (4mg/kg) and a placebo. Measures of PWR were measured at Rest, 50 minutes following ingestion …
Two-Year Skeletal Adaptations In Development And National Level Female Figure Skaters, Chelsea Wong, Leigh Gabel, Erik Groves, Kelly Quipp, Steven Boyd, Lauren Burt
Two-Year Skeletal Adaptations In Development And National Level Female Figure Skaters, Chelsea Wong, Leigh Gabel, Erik Groves, Kelly Quipp, Steven Boyd, Lauren Burt
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(3): 1297-1309, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/ZSKN7069 Figure skaters typically have higher bone mineral density (BMD) than the general population. However, the current literature is limited to cross-sectional studies. The objective of this study was to determine two-year changes in volumetric BMD, bone microarchitecture, and estimated bone strength in elite national and development level Canadian figure skaters. Eleven female figure skaters aged 14+ years were recruited for this longitudinal study. Measurements occurred annually. High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) scans of the radius and tibia underwent three-dimensional image registration. Total (Tt), cortical (Ct) and trabecular (Tb) volumetric BMD …
Comparative Analysis Of Training Load And Technical Demands In Various Small-Sided Games During Soccer Preseason, Jakov Marasović, Ante Rađa, Frane Žuvela, Luka Čikotić, Marko Erceg
Comparative Analysis Of Training Load And Technical Demands In Various Small-Sided Games During Soccer Preseason, Jakov Marasović, Ante Rađa, Frane Žuvela, Luka Čikotić, Marko Erceg
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(8): 1286-1297, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/QCAG3602 Small-sided games (SSG) are often used as a multifunctional form of specific training that allows development of various key components during soccer training. The main goal of this research was to determine the differences in internal and external load of different small-sided games (SSG) during preseason. The secondary goal was to analyze specific technical demands during these SSG. Twelve players of the First Croatian Junior League (U19) participated in this research in the fourth week of the preparatory period for the competitive season 2019/2020. Testing was conducted on two separate days …
Development And Validation Of A Running Drill Test Battery To Predict 5 M And 20 M Sprint Performance, Paula Matijašević, Josip Maleš, Luka Cikojević, Frane Žuvela, Goran Kuvačić
Development And Validation Of A Running Drill Test Battery To Predict 5 M And 20 M Sprint Performance, Paula Matijašević, Josip Maleš, Luka Cikojević, Frane Žuvela, Goran Kuvačić
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(8): 1269-1285, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/LYKE8231 This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and predictive validity of specific athletic running drills: A-skip, B-skip, bounding step, and jumps, in relation to sprint performance over 5 m and 20 m distances. Sixty-three young males (mean age: 21.3 ± 2.1 years; body height: 183 ± 6.5 cm; body weight: 77 ± 9.3 kg) were enrolled in the study. Running drill performance was recorded on an athletics track using high-speed cameras and evaluated based on predefined criteria and a scoring system. Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and coefficients …
Perceived Recovery And Muscle Fatigue In Professional Soccer Players During Preseason, Josip Maleš, Frane Žuvela, Nicola Bragazzi, Andrea De Giorgio, Goran Kuvačić
Perceived Recovery And Muscle Fatigue In Professional Soccer Players During Preseason, Josip Maleš, Frane Žuvela, Nicola Bragazzi, Andrea De Giorgio, Goran Kuvačić
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(8): 1212-1227, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/ERIN2946 This study aimed to examine weekly variations and within-subject relationships between internal training intensity (ITI), perceived recovery (TQR), neuromuscular performance (CMJ), and perceived muscle soreness (PMS) during a four-week preseason period in professional soccer players. Twenty-three soccer players (age 24.8 ± 4.4 years; height 182 ± 7 cm; body mass 74.6 ± 6.7 kg) classified as Tier 3 athletes from the Croatian Second Soccer League were monitored using session rating of perceived exertion, TQR scales, countermovement jump tests, and PMS questionnaires. A significant reduction in ITI and concurrent improvement in TQR …
Age And Postural Stability In Firefighters: An Analysis Of Anterior Reach Asymmetry And The Two-Foot Length Criterion, Madeleine Fulk, Roger O. Kollock, Maddie Seidner, Rachel Ward, Zora Szabo, Muhammed O. Malik, Gabriel J. Sanders
Age And Postural Stability In Firefighters: An Analysis Of Anterior Reach Asymmetry And The Two-Foot Length Criterion, Madeleine Fulk, Roger O. Kollock, Maddie Seidner, Rachel Ward, Zora Szabo, Muhammed O. Malik, Gabriel J. Sanders
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(8): 1175-1185, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/HSMV3009 This study explored how age affects postural stability (PS) in firefighters by focusing on two key objectives: 1) determining if age affects right-to-left anterior (ANT) reach distance asymmetry (ASYM) during the Motor Control Screen (MCS) test and 2) assessing whether the proportion of firefighters not meeting the greater than two-foot length (2FL) criterion for ANT reach differs across age groups. Data from 95 male firefighters were analyzed using the MCS ANT reach test, part of the Y-Balance Test (YBT). The key outcomes were the difference in ANT reach distances between legs …
The Effects Of Combined Fasting And Exercise On Inflammatory Cytokine Concentrations In Healthy Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study, Landon S. Deru, Austin F. Duersch, Spencer C. Cleverly, Hunter D. Chamberlain, Elizabeth Z. Gipson, Parker G. Graves, Cameron G. Jacobsen, Larry A. Tucker, Bruce W. Bailey
The Effects Of Combined Fasting And Exercise On Inflammatory Cytokine Concentrations In Healthy Adults: A Randomized Crossover Study, Landon S. Deru, Austin F. Duersch, Spencer C. Cleverly, Hunter D. Chamberlain, Elizabeth Z. Gipson, Parker G. Graves, Cameron G. Jacobsen, Larry A. Tucker, Bruce W. Bailey
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(6): 1252-1268, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/APHT9483 The object was to assess the effects of adding exercise to a 36-hour fast on the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1. The study was a randomized crossover design with counterbalanced conditions in community members living near a single academic institution. Participants included twenty healthy adults (11 male). The intervention consisted of two 36-h water-only fasts, one of which was initiated with a bout of treadmill exercise. Venous blood was taken at baseline, 12-h, 24-h, and 36-h of fasting. Area under the curve and timepoint analyses were computed. The area under …
Incidence And Risk Factors Of Metabolic Syndrome In Track And Field Throwing Athletes, Taylor Browning, Samuel Headley, Elizabeth M. Mullin, Margaret T. Jones, Andrew R. Jagim, Jennifer Fields
Incidence And Risk Factors Of Metabolic Syndrome In Track And Field Throwing Athletes, Taylor Browning, Samuel Headley, Elizabeth M. Mullin, Margaret T. Jones, Andrew R. Jagim, Jennifer Fields
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(6): 1199-1211, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/HOKT7948 Track and field (T&F) throwers are a prominent subgroup of athletes that may be at risk for the development of Metabolic Syndrome (MetSyn) and other cardiometabolic disease conditions. However, limited research exists examining the prevalence of MetSyn in these athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of MetSyn and associated risk factors in collegiate throwers. Collegiate Division I men (n=17) and women (n=4) T&F throwers participated in a single day of lab assessments, which included anthropometrics, body composition, blood pressure, a venous blood draw, and aerobic …
Influence Of Social Identity And Industry Role On Implicit Biases In Fitness Professionals, Shayna J. Guerra, Katie Mcpherrin, Kellie A. Walters, Leilani Madrigal, Alison Ede, Amber Johnson
Influence Of Social Identity And Industry Role On Implicit Biases In Fitness Professionals, Shayna J. Guerra, Katie Mcpherrin, Kellie A. Walters, Leilani Madrigal, Alison Ede, Amber Johnson
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(4): 1228-1251, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/SQUH3795 Implicit biases are unconscious, internally held beliefs shaped by cultural norms, societal structures, and personal experiences and are often related to societal constructs such as race, gender, age, body shape, and ability. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between social identity, industry role, and implicit biases in fitness professionals. Participants (n=296) were randomly assigned two implicit association tests (IATs): disability, weight, gender, skin-tone, or age. IATs measured implicit bias through word and pictorial associations and timed response to word/picture stimuli. Interviews (n=25) were conducted to further examine …
The Effect Of Mental Training On Psychological Hardiness And Selected Personality Traits Among Adolescent Male Volleyball Players, Moneer Fadel Ali Hassan, Omar Waleed Abdulkareem
The Effect Of Mental Training On Psychological Hardiness And Selected Personality Traits Among Adolescent Male Volleyball Players, Moneer Fadel Ali Hassan, Omar Waleed Abdulkareem
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(4): 1186-1198, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/MQUH7716 This study was to examine the effect of a mental training program, including a combination of autogenic training and imagery, on a number of mental skills and on the development of personality traits - psychological hardiness as well as conscientiousness, openness to experience, and neuroticism - in Adolescent male volleyball players. 60 adolescent male volleyball players (aged 15–17) participated in a two-group, pretest-posttest design. The experimental group (n = 30) completed 8-week mental skills training program, including imagery, self-talk, attention control, and relaxation, while the control group (n = 30) followed …
Upper Extremity Asymmetries In Collegiate Tennis Players Compared To An Athletic Control Of Runners, Elizabeth A. Cafferty, Dale R. Wagner, Brennan J. Thompson
Upper Extremity Asymmetries In Collegiate Tennis Players Compared To An Athletic Control Of Runners, Elizabeth A. Cafferty, Dale R. Wagner, Brennan J. Thompson
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(3): 1151-1165, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/MDRK9289 Previous research on limb asymmetries of athletes participating in dominant-sided sports lacks an athletic control group. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of upper limb asymmetries in dominant-sided athletes (tennis players) compared to nondominant-sided athletes (cross-country runners). Men and women university athletes (10 tennis, 11 cross-country) participated. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and lean mass (LM) of the whole body, upper extremities, and forearms. Circumference measurements were taken at mid-biceps and widest part of the forearms. Bony breadth of …
Playing Surface Impacts Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (Level 1) Performance And Validity Of Indirect Vo2max Estimation, Gianna Ferigne, Kloe Martin, Charlie Ottinger, Lauren Biscardi
Playing Surface Impacts Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test (Level 1) Performance And Validity Of Indirect Vo2max Estimation, Gianna Ferigne, Kloe Martin, Charlie Ottinger, Lauren Biscardi
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(8): 1142-1150, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/PGPL8156 This study compared performance on the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIR1) and the agility t-test between two playing surfaces, artificial turf and natural grass. This study also assessed agreement between estimated VO2max from the YYIR1 on artificial turf and natural grass with laboratory measured VO2max. Male collegiate soccer players completed three experimental sessions on separate days: YYIR1 and t-test on artificial turf, YYIR1 and t-test on natural grass, and a laboratory VO2max test. The validated Bangsbo et al. equation was used to estimate VO2max from YYIR1 distance. Participants covered …
Effects Of A Quadricep-Dominant Vs. Functional Training Program On Activities Of Daily Living, Functional Performance, And Motor Unit Recruitment In Older Adults, Brittany Followay, Tamera Holland, Larissa Rowley
Effects Of A Quadricep-Dominant Vs. Functional Training Program On Activities Of Daily Living, Functional Performance, And Motor Unit Recruitment In Older Adults, Brittany Followay, Tamera Holland, Larissa Rowley
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(8): 1096-1113, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/YHYC9630 The study investigated the effects of a quadriceps-dominant (QD) versus functional (FX) training program on the Functional Movement Screen (FMS), activities of daily living (ADLs), and motor unit (MU) recruitment of the vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps femoris (BF). Twenty-six older adults (68.9 + 5.1yrs) were randomly assigned to a 6-week QD or FX training program. Participants completed ADLs, FMS, and three closed-kinetic chain exercises (CKCs): front lunge (FL), side lunge (SL), and bilateral squat (BLSQ), pre and post-intervention. Electromyography was recorded from the VL and BF during maximal voluntary isometric …
Influence Of Carbon-Fiber Shoes On Outdoor Running Biomechanics As Assessed With Wearable Sensors, Megan Spencer, Nathan Goldcamp, Jean L. Mccrory
Influence Of Carbon-Fiber Shoes On Outdoor Running Biomechanics As Assessed With Wearable Sensors, Megan Spencer, Nathan Goldcamp, Jean L. Mccrory
International Journal of Exercise Science
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(7): 1121-1132, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70252/JMBI4851 Carbon-fiber shoes feature a stiff yet lightweight curved carbon-fiber plate embedded in the sole and a resilient midsole foam. These shoes create spring-like rebounding effect that has proven to decrease energy consumption and enhance athletic performance. To date, most biomechanics research on carbon-fiber shoes has been laboratory-based. The purpose of our study was to compare running biomechanics in competitive runners wearing carbon-fiber shoes or traditional shoes using wearable sensors on an outdoor composite track. Ten elite runners (9F, 1M) who consistently ran over 30 miles per week and owned a pair …