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Articles 541 - 570 of 1134

Full-Text Articles in Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics

Interaction Of Gallic Acid With Trypsin Analyzed By Spectroscopy, H. Song, C. Chen, S. Zhao, F. Ge, D. Liu, D. Shi, T. Zhang Jul 2020

Interaction Of Gallic Acid With Trypsin Analyzed By Spectroscopy, H. Song, C. Chen, S. Zhao, F. Ge, D. Liu, D. Shi, T. Zhang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The interactions between trypsin and gallic acid (GA) were investigated by means of fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, resonance light scattering (RLS) spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, and enzymatic inhibition assay. It was found that GA can cause the fluorescence quenching of trypsin during the process of formation of GA-trypsin complex, resulting in inhibition of trypsin activity (IC50 = 3.9 × 10-6 mol/L). The fluorescence spectroscopic data showed that the quenching efficiency can reach about 80%. The binding constants were 1.9371 × 104 L/mol, 1.8192 × 104 L/mol, and 1.7465 × 104 L/mol at three temperatures, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters revealed …

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Temperature-Dependent Studies On The Total Phenolics, Flavonoids, Antioxidant Activities, And Sugar Content In Six Onion Varieties, K. Sharma, E.Y. Ko, A.D. Assefa, S. Ha, S.H. Nile, E.T. Lee, S.W. Park Jul 2020

Temperature-Dependent Studies On The Total Phenolics, Flavonoids, Antioxidant Activities, And Sugar Content In Six Onion Varieties, K. Sharma, E.Y. Ko, A.D. Assefa, S. Ha, S.H. Nile, E.T. Lee, S.W. Park

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Heating effect on total phenol, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and sugar content of six onion varieties has been quantitatively investigated to explore the effect of different temperatures. The onion varieties comprised one red-skinned variety, two white-skinned varieties, and three yellow-skinned varieties. The heating temperature was scanned at 80°C, 100°C, 120°C, and 150°C for 30 minutes each, and quantitative analysis was performed relative to the powdered onion at ambient temperature. Quercetin, glucosides and sugar content were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The total phenolic and antioxidant content increased in all six varieties. The total flavonoid levels showed a considerable change. On heating …

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Beverage-Induced Enhanced Bioavailability Of Carbamazepine And Its Consequent Effect On Antiepileptic Activity And Toxicity, S. Karmakar, S. Biswas, R. Bera, S. Mondal, A. Kundu, M.A. Ali, T. Sen Jul 2020

Beverage-Induced Enhanced Bioavailability Of Carbamazepine And Its Consequent Effect On Antiepileptic Activity And Toxicity, S. Karmakar, S. Biswas, R. Bera, S. Mondal, A. Kundu, M.A. Ali, T. Sen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The present study was undertaken to investigate the food-drug interaction of carbamazepine (CBZ). Common fruit juices [grapefruit juice (GFJ), lime juice (LJ)], known to inhibit the enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), and some widely consumed beverages [milk (M), black tea (BT)] were involved in this study in the presence of CBZ, as might happen during clinical therapy. The effects of the beverages on the pharmacokinetics and drug-induced toxicity of CBZ was observed after concomitant administration for a period of 28 days. Accordingly, the influence of altered bioavailability of CBZ on its antiepileptic activity was investigated. A significant shift in the …

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Chemical Compositions Of The Volatile Extracts From Seeds Of Dendranthema Nankingense And Borago Officinalis, S. Wu, T. Xu, D. Huang Jul 2020

Chemical Compositions Of The Volatile Extracts From Seeds Of Dendranthema Nankingense And Borago Officinalis, S. Wu, T. Xu, D. Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Volatile extracts from the seeds of Dendranthema nankingense Hand.-Mazz. and Borago officinalis L. were prepared using simultaneous distillation and extraction, and analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry on two capillary gas chromatography columns of different polarity. Ninety-five volatile compounds were identified in D. nankingense seeds, with hexanal, benzeneacetaldehyde, borneol, (-)-camphor, and 3-methyl-1-butanol being the predominant species. Sixty-five volatile compounds were identified in B. officinalis seeds, with 2-pentanone, 2,3-dihydro-benzofuran, 3-methyl butanal, and hexanal being the most abundant species. Thirty-three compounds, including short-chain aliphatic aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones, were common to both seeds. The volatile composition of both seeds varied significantly depending on …

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The Development Of Alcohol Policy In Contemporary China, X. Guo, Y.-G. Huang Jul 2020

The Development Of Alcohol Policy In Contemporary China, X. Guo, Y.-G. Huang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Over recent years, an increase in alcohol-related problems has been noted in China. Taking effective measures against the problem requires clear reviewing and understanding of the evolution of the Chinese alcohol policy. This study is aimed to evaluate the alcohol policy with special focus on reviewing the alcohol production and consumption situation in China and assessing the changes in Chinese alcohol policy along with other related fields. This article finishes with a set of recommended policy changes that could help solve the recent alcohol-related problems and analyze the major impediments. © 2014, Food and Drug Administration, Taiwan. Published by Elsevier …

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Quality Assessment Of Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus Sold In Taiwan Markets Using A Validated Hplc-Uv Method Combined With Hierarchical Clustering Analysis, Y.-K. Lin, Y.-L. Ho, Y. Zhao, Y.-S. Chang Jul 2020

Quality Assessment Of Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus Sold In Taiwan Markets Using A Validated Hplc-Uv Method Combined With Hierarchical Clustering Analysis, Y.-K. Lin, Y.-L. Ho, Y. Zhao, Y.-S. Chang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The present paper describes the development of a high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) detection method for quantitative determination of peimine and peiminine in Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus (FTB). Separation was achieved using a conventional XBridge™ Shield RP 18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, internal diameter 3.5 μm) with photodiode array detection at 190-400 nm for UV spectra and 220 nm for quantification. The mobile phase consisted of (A) 0.03% diethylamine aqueous solution and (B) acetonitrile eluted by an isocratic procedure at 45:55 (A:B) over 25 minutes. The method was validated for linearity, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), inter- …

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Preparation Of Total Flavonoids From Loquat Flower And Its Protective Effect On Acute Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury In Mice, S.-K. Wu, N. Zhang, X.-R. Shen, W.-W. Mei, Y. He, W.-H. Ge Jul 2020

Preparation Of Total Flavonoids From Loquat Flower And Its Protective Effect On Acute Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury In Mice, S.-K. Wu, N. Zhang, X.-R. Shen, W.-W. Mei, Y. He, W.-H. Ge

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

This study aimed to research the preparation techniques of total flavones from loquat flower (TFLF), its anti-oxidation capacity, and its protective effect on hepatic injury. The best extraction parameters by orthogonal experimentation were water at 100°C, extraction time 2.5 hours, solid/liquid ratio 1:20, and three decoctions. The chromogenic reaction to the flavones showed that loquat flowers mainly contained flavone, flavonol, and flavanone compounds combining ortho-phenolic hydroxyl group structure in the 10-30% ethanol fraction. The anti-oxidant capacity of O2-· was 26.09% and of OH-·was 83.01% by salicylic acid and pyrogallol auto-oxidation. Compared with the model group, TFLF lowered the levels of …

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Possible Molecular Targets For Therapeutic Applications Of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester In Inflammation And Cancer, G. Murtaza, A. Sajjad, Z. Mehmood, S.H. Shah, A.R. Siddiqi Jul 2020

Possible Molecular Targets For Therapeutic Applications Of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester In Inflammation And Cancer, G. Murtaza, A. Sajjad, Z. Mehmood, S.H. Shah, A.R. Siddiqi

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Of the various derivatives of caffeic acid, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a hydrophobic, bioactive polyphenolic ester obtained from propolis extract. The objective in writing this review article was to summarize all published studies on therapeutics of CAPE in inflammation and cancer to extract direction for future research. The possible molecular targets for the action of CAPE, include various transcription factors such as nuclear factor-κB, tissue necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, cyclooxygenase-2, Nrf2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, nuclear factor of activated T cells, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, and signal transducers and activators of transcription. Based on the valuable data on its therapeutics in …

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Antioxidant And Antiacetylcholinesterase Activities Of Sorbus Torminalis (L.) Crantz (Wild Service Tree) Fruits, G. Hasbal, T. Yilmaz-Ozden, A. Can Jul 2020

Antioxidant And Antiacetylcholinesterase Activities Of Sorbus Torminalis (L.) Crantz (Wild Service Tree) Fruits, G. Hasbal, T. Yilmaz-Ozden, A. Can

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

In this study, the antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz fruits were evaluated. Total phenolic and flavonoid compounds, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothioazoline-6-sulfonic acid), 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and superoxide anion radicals scavenging activities and ferric-reducing antioxidant power of water, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol extracts were determined for the measurement of the antioxidant activity. Quercetin and α-tocopherol were used as standard antioxidants. The inhibitory effect of the water extract on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was evaluated using the Ellman method and galantamine was used as a standard. Water extract had the highest total phenolic concentration and the strongest antioxidant activity followed by ethyl acetate …

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Finding Of Polysaccharide-Peptide Complexes In Cordyceps Militaris And Evaluation Of Its Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Activity, C.-H. Tsai, Y.-H. Yen, J.P.-W. Yang Jul 2020

Finding Of Polysaccharide-Peptide Complexes In Cordyceps Militaris And Evaluation Of Its Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Activity, C.-H. Tsai, Y.-H. Yen, J.P.-W. Yang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition enhances learning and cognitive ability for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Polysaccharide-peptide complexes were identified in Cordyceps militaris (CPSPs) and characterized for their AChE inhibitory properties. Three polymers (CPSP-F1, -F2, and -F3) were extracted and separated by ultrasound-assisted extraction and diethylaminoethanol (DEAE)-Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography. Polysaccharide-peptide complexes were identified by DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B column chromatography and high-performance gel-filtration chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectra, amino sugar composition analysis, and β-elimination reaction to identify polysaccharide-peptide bond categories. Separation of CPSP can increase AChE inhibitory activity from the crude polysaccharide of C. militaris. CPSP-F1 and CPSP-F2 exhibited half maximal inhibitory concentrations of …

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Inhibitory Activity Of Sargassum Hemiphyllum Sulfated Polysaccharide In Arachidonic Acid-Induced Animal Models Of Inflammation, P.-A. Hwang, Y.-L. Hung, S.-Y. Chien Jul 2020

Inhibitory Activity Of Sargassum Hemiphyllum Sulfated Polysaccharide In Arachidonic Acid-Induced Animal Models Of Inflammation, P.-A. Hwang, Y.-L. Hung, S.-Y. Chien

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Sargassum hemiphyllum is a common plant found on the coasts of Taiwan; it has been used as an anti-inflammatory agent in traditional herbal medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of S. hemiphyllum sulfated polysaccharide (SHSP) using two different mouse models. In both arachidonic acid-induced ear inflammatory gavage and paint models, SHSP decreased ear swelling and erythema. In addition, SHSP decreased the production of myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in a dose-dependent manner. Histological examination results showed that SHSP reduced the area of neutrophilic infiltration in inflamed ears. The anti-inflammatory activity of SHSP …

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Current Development In Medical Devices Postmarket Surveillance In Taiwan, C.-W. Lan, M.-K. Yeh, S.-I. Wu, P.-W. Tu Jul 2020

Current Development In Medical Devices Postmarket Surveillance In Taiwan, C.-W. Lan, M.-K. Yeh, S.-I. Wu, P.-W. Tu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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Analysis Of Lipophilic Compounds Of Tea Coated On The Surface Of Clay Teapots, T.-Y. Chung, P.-C. Kuo, Z.-H. Liao, Y.-E. Shih, M.-L. Yang, M.-L. Cheng, C.-C. Wu, J.T.C. Tzen Jul 2020

Analysis Of Lipophilic Compounds Of Tea Coated On The Surface Of Clay Teapots, T.-Y. Chung, P.-C. Kuo, Z.-H. Liao, Y.-E. Shih, M.-L. Yang, M.-L. Cheng, C.-C. Wu, J.T.C. Tzen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The surface of a clay teapot tends to be coated with a waterproof film after constant use for tea preparation. The waterproof films of two kinds of teapots (zisha and zhuni) used for preparing oolong tea and old oolong tea were extracted and subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The results showed that comparable constituents were detected in these films; they were primarily fatty acids and linear hydrocarbons that were particularly rich in palmitic acid and stearic acid. To explore the source of these two abundant fatty acids, the fatty acid compositions of fresh tea leaves, granules, infusion, and vapor …

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Effects Of Indium Chloride Exposure On Sperm Morphology And Dna Integrity In Rats, K.-H. Lee, H.-P. Chen, C.-M. Leung, H.-L. Chen, S.-S. Tsai, P.-C. Hsu Jul 2020

Effects Of Indium Chloride Exposure On Sperm Morphology And Dna Integrity In Rats, K.-H. Lee, H.-P. Chen, C.-M. Leung, H.-L. Chen, S.-S. Tsai, P.-C. Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Indium, a Group IIIA element of the periodic chart and a rare earth metal characterized by high plasticity, corrosion resistance, and a low melting point, is widely used in the electronics industry where released streams can contaminate the environment. Consequently, indium can reach humans mainly by natural ways, which could result in a health hazard. Although reproductive toxicities have been surveyed in some studies in animal models, the infertility effects of sperm function induced by indium compounds have not been greatly investigated. We designed a study to investigate the toxicities of subacute exposure to indium compounds on male sperm function …

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Quality Analysis Of Polygala Tenuifolia Root By Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry And Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, D. Wu, J. He, Y. Jiang, B. Yang Jul 2020

Quality Analysis Of Polygala Tenuifolia Root By Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry And Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, D. Wu, J. He, Y. Jiang, B. Yang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Polygala tenuifolia root is used as a functional food due to its attractive health benefits. In this study, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were utilized to characterize the bioactive compounds in P. tenuifolia root. The UPLC-MS/MS information revealed 36 bioactive compounds, including oligosaccharide esters, polygalasaponins, and polygalaxanthones. GC-MS identified 34 volatile compounds with fatty acids as the main chemicals. The leading compound judged by UPLC-MS/MS was tenuifoliside A, and oleic acid was the leading volatile from GC-MS profiles. All samples tested showed similar bioactive compound compositions, but the level of each compound varied. Principal …

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Significant Elevation Of Antiviral Activity Of Strictinin From Pu'er Tea After Thermal Degradation To Ellagic Acid And Gallic Acid, G.-H. Chen, Y.-L. Lin, W.-L. Hsu, S.-K. Hsieh, J.T.C. Tzen Jul 2020

Significant Elevation Of Antiviral Activity Of Strictinin From Pu'er Tea After Thermal Degradation To Ellagic Acid And Gallic Acid, G.-H. Chen, Y.-L. Lin, W.-L. Hsu, S.-K. Hsieh, J.T.C. Tzen

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Compared with abundant catechins, strictinin is a minor constituent in teas and has been demonstrated to possess inhibitory potency on influenza virus. In this study, strictinin was found as the major phenolic compound in Pu'er teas produced from leaves and buds of wild trees. Due to its thermal instability, strictinin, in tea infusion or in an isolated form, was completely decomposed to ellagic acid and gallic acid after being autoclaved for 7 minutes. A plaque reduction assay was employed to compare the relative inhibitory potency between strictinin and its thermally degraded products against human influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34. The results …

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Authenticity Analysis Of Citrus Essential Oils By Hplc-Uv-Ms On Oxygenated Heterocyclic Components, H. Fan, Q. Wu, J.E. Simon, S.-N. Lou, C.-T. Ho Jul 2020

Authenticity Analysis Of Citrus Essential Oils By Hplc-Uv-Ms On Oxygenated Heterocyclic Components, H. Fan, Q. Wu, J.E. Simon, S.-N. Lou, C.-T. Ho

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Citrus essential oils are widely applied in food industry as the backbone of citrus flavors. Unfortunately, due to relatively simple chemical composition and tremendous price differences among citrus species, adulteration has been plaguing the industry since its inception. Skilled blenders are capable of making blends that are almost indistinguishable from authentic oils through conventional gas chromatography analysis. A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for compositional study of nonvolatile constituents in essential oils from major citrus species. The nonvolatile oxygenated heterocyclic components identified in citrus oils were proved to be more effective as markers in adulteration detection …

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Efficacy And Safety Of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Α Blockers For Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Published Randomized Controlled Trials, Y.-N. Song, P. Zheng Jul 2020

Efficacy And Safety Of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Α Blockers For Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Published Randomized Controlled Trials, Y.-N. Song, P. Zheng

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of TNF-α blockers for ulcerative colitis. A systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TNF-α blockers for treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) were performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and cochrane clinical trial. We estimated Pooled estimates of the odds ratio (OR) and relevant 95% confidence interval (CI) using fixed effects model or random effects model as appropriate. Heterogeneity, publication bias, and subgroup analyses were conducted. Nine randomized controlled studies met the selection criteria with a total of 2518 patients. Five studies compared Infliximab with placebo. Two studies compared Infliximab to corticosteroids. …

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Development Of Two Reference Materials For All Trans-Retinol, Retinyl Palmitate, Α- And Γ-Tocopherol In Milk Powder And Infant Formula, A.B. Shehata, M.S. Rizk, A.M. Farag, I.F. Tahoun Jul 2020

Development Of Two Reference Materials For All Trans-Retinol, Retinyl Palmitate, Α- And Γ-Tocopherol In Milk Powder And Infant Formula, A.B. Shehata, M.S. Rizk, A.M. Farag, I.F. Tahoun

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Vitamins are important food constituents that can be present in almost every foodstuff. Food quality and safety depends on food surveillance by reliable quantitative analysis enabled by appropriate quality control. Certified matrix reference materials are versatile tools to support quality assurance and control. However, in the case of vitamins, which are important in various foods, there is a lack of matrix reference materials. Two certified reference materials for the determination of all-trans-retinol, retinyl palmitate, and α- and γ-tocopherol in milk powder and infant formula have been developed by the National Institute of Standards, Egypt. This article presents the preparation, characterization, …

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Safety Assessment Of Menaquinone-7 For Use In Human Nutrition, B. Ravishankar, Y.A. Dound, D.S. Mehta, B.K. Ashok, Souza A. De, M.-H. Pan, C.-T. Ho, V. Badmaev, A.D.B. Vaidya Jul 2020

Safety Assessment Of Menaquinone-7 For Use In Human Nutrition, B. Ravishankar, Y.A. Dound, D.S. Mehta, B.K. Ashok, Souza A. De, M.-H. Pan, C.-T. Ho, V. Badmaev, A.D.B. Vaidya

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Vitamin K occurs widely in foods and has been shown to have a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system, as well as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antiosteoporosis properties. A previous study indicates that long-chain menaquinone-7 may be more bioavailable than vitamin K and short-chain menaquinones. In the present study, acute, subacute toxicity and genotoxicity assays were carried out to evaluate the safety of oral menaquinone-7 in albino Wistar rats. Oral administration of menaquinone-7, at a concentration of 2000 mg/kg, did not cause toxic symptoms in either male or female rats. A subacute toxicity study also proved the safety and tolerance of …

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Major Flavonoid Constituents And Short-Term Effects Of Chun Mee Tea In Rats, Y. Wang, W. Li, J. Ning, R. Hong, H. Wu Jul 2020

Major Flavonoid Constituents And Short-Term Effects Of Chun Mee Tea In Rats, Y. Wang, W. Li, J. Ning, R. Hong, H. Wu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Chun Mee tea is a kind of green tea produced in China mainly for export purposes. Foam quantity is usually used as an index for evaluating the quality of Chun Mee tea. In the current study, we compared the concentrations of total saponin and flavonoids between foamy and low-foam Chun Mee tea. Our research confirmed that the total saponin and O-glycosylated flavonoid concentrations were related to the foam quantity of Chun Mee teas. We also studied the short-term safety effects of extract supplementation with foamy and low-foam Chun Mee tea in rats by routine blood tests and analysis of liver …

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Characterization And Determination Of Antioxidant Components In The Leaves Of Camellia Chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama Based On Composition-Activity Relationship Approach, J.-B. Wei, X. Li, H. Song, Y.-H. Liang, Y.-Z. Pan, J.-X. Ruan, X. Qin, Y.-X. Chen, C.-L. Nong, Z.-H. Su Jul 2020

Characterization And Determination Of Antioxidant Components In The Leaves Of Camellia Chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama Based On Composition-Activity Relationship Approach, J.-B. Wei, X. Li, H. Song, Y.-H. Liang, Y.-Z. Pan, J.-X. Ruan, X. Qin, Y.-X. Chen, C.-L. Nong, Z.-H. Su

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Camellia chrysantha (Hu) Tuyama (CCT), an ornamental plant possessing antioxidant activity, has been infused as tea and drank for its health benefits. The antioxidant components in CCT, however, had not been clearly characterized. To quickly identify the antioxidant constituents of CCT, a composition-activity relationship strategy based on ultra high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap hybrid orbitrap mass spectrometry and orthogonal partial least-squares method has been applied. As a result, 16 variables were found to make significant contributions to the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. Six of them were identified as catechin (1), epicatechin (5), vitexin (8), isovitexin (10), quercetin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside …

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In Vitro Anti-Diabetic Effect And Chemical Component Analysis Of 29 Essential Oils Products, H.-F. Yen, C.-T. Hsieh, T.-J. Hsieh, F.-R. Chang, C.-K. Wang Jul 2020

In Vitro Anti-Diabetic Effect And Chemical Component Analysis Of 29 Essential Oils Products, H.-F. Yen, C.-T. Hsieh, T.-J. Hsieh, F.-R. Chang, C.-K. Wang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Twenty-nine commercial essential oil (EO) products that were purchased from the Taiwan market, including three different company-made Melissa officinalis essential oils, were assayed on their glucose consumption activity and lipid accumulation activity on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The EOs of M. officinalis were significantly active in both model assays. By contrast, EOs of peppermint, lavender, bergamot, cypress, niaouli nerolidol, geranium-rose, and revensara did not increase glucose consumption activity from media, but displayed inhibited lipid accumulation activity (65-90% of lipid accumulation vs. the control 100%). Because of the promising activity of M. officinalis EOs, three different products were collected and compared for their …

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Border Inspections Of Imported Food And Related Products In Taiwan From 2011 To 2013, H.-C. Chen, H.-L. Huang, S.-C. Chen, W.-L. Lu, C.-H. Tung, H.-W. Shiau, J.-Y. Wang, H.-W. Huang, J.-F. Shyu, R.-L. Feng, Y.-M. Chiang Jul 2020

Border Inspections Of Imported Food And Related Products In Taiwan From 2011 To 2013, H.-C. Chen, H.-L. Huang, S.-C. Chen, W.-L. Lu, C.-H. Tung, H.-W. Shiau, J.-Y. Wang, H.-W. Huang, J.-F. Shyu, R.-L. Feng, Y.-M. Chiang

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

[No abstract available]

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Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antitumor, And Cytotoxic Activities Of An Important Medicinal Plant (Euphorbia Royleana) From Pakistan, A. Ashraf, R.A. Sarfraz, M.A. Rashid, M. Shahid Jul 2020

Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antitumor, And Cytotoxic Activities Of An Important Medicinal Plant (Euphorbia Royleana) From Pakistan, A. Ashraf, R.A. Sarfraz, M.A. Rashid, M. Shahid

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

The aim of present study was to evaluate antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antitumor activities of methanol, hexane, and aqueous extracts of fresh Euphorbia royleana. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were estimated as gallic acid and querectin equivalents, respectively. Antioxidant activity was assessed by scavenging of free 2,2′- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals and reduction of ferric ions, and it was observed that inhibition values increase linearly with increase in concentration of extract. The results of ferric reducing antioxidant power assay showed that hexane extract has maximum ferric reducing power (12.70 ± 0.49 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of plant extract). Maximum phenolic (47.47 ± 0.71 …

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High-Throughput Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method For Simultaneous Determination Of Fampridine, Paroxetine, And Quinidine In Rat Plasma: Application To In Vivo Perfusion Study, S. Achanti, R.R. Katta Jul 2020

High-Throughput Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method For Simultaneous Determination Of Fampridine, Paroxetine, And Quinidine In Rat Plasma: Application To In Vivo Perfusion Study, S. Achanti, R.R. Katta

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A selective and high-throughput liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of paroxetine, fampridine, and quinidine in rat plasma using imipramine as an internal standard. Following protein precipitation extraction, the analytes and internal standard were run on XBridge C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) using a gradient mobile phase consisting of 5mM ammonium formate in water (pH 9.0) and acetonitrile in a flow gradience program. The precursor and product ions of the drugs were monitored on a triple quadrupole instrument operated in the positive ionization mode. The method was validated over …

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Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor Based On Disposable Pencil Graphite Electrode Modified By Copper Nanoparticles, S. Pourbeyram, K. Mehdizadeh Jul 2020

Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor Based On Disposable Pencil Graphite Electrode Modified By Copper Nanoparticles, S. Pourbeyram, K. Mehdizadeh

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

A nonenzymatic glucose sensor based on a disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) modified by copper nanoparticles [Cu(NP)] was prepared for the first time. The prepared Cu(NP) exhibited an absorption peak centered at ∼562 nm using UV-visible spectrophotometry and an almost homogenous spherical shape by scanning electron microscopy. Cyclic voltammetry of Cu(NP)-PGE showed an adsorption controlled charge transfer process up to 90.0 mVs−1The sensor was applied for the determination of glucose using an amperometry technique with a detection limit of [0.44 (±0.01) μM] and concentration sensitivity of [1467.5 (±1.3) μA/mMcm−2]. The preparation of the Cu(NP)-PGE sensor was reproducible (relative standard deviation …

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Antifatigue And Increasing Exercise Performance Of Actinidia Arguta Crude Alkaloids In Mice, Y. Liu, C. Liu Jul 2020

Antifatigue And Increasing Exercise Performance Of Actinidia Arguta Crude Alkaloids In Mice, Y. Liu, C. Liu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Actinidia arguta (Siebold et Zucc.) Planch. ex. Miq. is one of the most recently domesticated fruit species with increasing commercial production worldwide. It is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine and is used to reduce blood glucose and treat atopic dermatitis. In addition, it possesses antioxidant, anticancer, and antiallergic properties. In this study, we investigated the physical antifatigue and exercise performance effects of A. arguta crude alkaloids (AACA) extracted with 70% ethanol. Four groups of male Kunming mice (n = 16) were orally administered AACA at doses of 0 mg/kg/d (vehicle), 50 mg/kg/d (AACA-50), 100 mg/kg/d (AACA-100), or 200 mg/kg/d (AACA-200) …

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Production Of A Monoclonal Antibody Against Aflatoxin M1 And Its Application For Detection Of Aflatoxin M1 In Fortified Milk, U. Chadseesuwan, A. Sangdokmai, U. Pimpitak, S. Puthong, T. Palaga, K. Komolpis Jul 2020

Production Of A Monoclonal Antibody Against Aflatoxin M1 And Its Application For Detection Of Aflatoxin M1 In Fortified Milk, U. Chadseesuwan, A. Sangdokmai, U. Pimpitak, S. Puthong, T. Palaga, K. Komolpis

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a toxic metabolite of the fungal product aflatoxin found in milk. For food safety concern, maximum residual limits of AFM1 in milk and dairy products have been differently enforced in many countries. A suitable detection method is required to screen a large number of product samples for the AFM1 contamination. In this study, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against AFM1 were generated using a conventional somatic cell fusion technique. After screening, five MAbs (AFM1-1, AFM1-3, AFM1-9, AFM1-11, and AFM1-17) were obtained that showed cross-reactivity with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and aflatoxin G1 (AFG1) but with no other tested compounds. …

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Hygienic Quality, Adulteration Of Pork And Histamine Production By Raoultella Ornithinolytica In Milkfish Dumpling, Y.-C. Lee, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-L. Huang, H.-F. Kung, T.-Y. Chen, Y.-H. Tsai Jul 2020

Hygienic Quality, Adulteration Of Pork And Histamine Production By Raoultella Ornithinolytica In Milkfish Dumpling, Y.-C. Lee, Y.-F. Chen, Y.-L. Huang, H.-F. Kung, T.-Y. Chen, Y.-H. Tsai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Ten milkfish dumpling products purchased from retail stores in southern Taiwan were collected to determine the occurrence of biogenic amines, histamine-forming bacteria, and adulteration of pork. This study showed the high contents of aerobic plate count (APC), total coliforms (TC) and Escherichia coli in tested milkfish dumpling samples, whereas the average content of various biogenic amines in all tested samples was < 1.6 mg/100 g (< 0.05 to 1.54 mg/100 g). Three histamine-producing bacterial strains (2 isolates of Raoultella ornithinolytica and 1 isolate of Enterobacter aerogenes) isolated from tested samples produced 276.6 ppm to 561.8 ppm of histamine in trypticase soy broth supplemented with 1.0% L-histidine (TSBH). Assay of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that the adulteration rates were 50% (5/10) for pork in milkfish dumplings. In addition, milkfish dumpling stuffing was inoculated with R. ornithinolytica at 5.0 log colony forming units (CFU)/g and stored at various temperatures from 4°C to 37°C to investigate bacterial growth and formation of histamine. The histamine contents quickly increased to higher than 50 mg/100 g in samples stored at 37°C and 25°C within 24 hours and 36 hours, respectively, as well as stored at 15°C within 48 hours. Therefore, bacterial growth and histamine formation were controlled by cold storage of the samples at 4°C. © 2016

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