Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics Commons^™

The Chemical Aspects Of Raman Spectroscopy: Statistical Structure-Spectrum Relationship In The Analyses Of Bioflavonoids, Chih-Hsien Wang, Chia-Chi Huang, Wenlung Chen, Yen-Shi Lai

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Raman spectroscopy has been accepted as a useful tool for the characterization of natural products. However, to identify a specific compound in a mixture sample of natural products using Raman spectra alone is highly challenging if not impossible. We demonstrated an effective solution to such issues using a method combining statistical Raman spectroscopy and Mass spectrometry. The method was validated with a successful application to the identification of the major anthocyanin components in a purple yam (Dioscorea purpurea) extract. Of particular interest is that statistical grouping of the bioflavonoid standards that formed the database of this study was found to …

Screening For Malachite Green Contamination On Live Fish Skin With Chewing Gum Based Viscoelastic Sers Sensor, Wan-Li Fan, Shi-Wei Yang, Dong-Mei Wang, Zheng-Jun Gong, Mei-Kun Fan

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Malachite green (MG), a prohibited but still found antimicrobial in aquafarm and during live fish shipping, is a hot target in food safety screening. Herein, a novel chewing gum based flexible SERS (G-SERS) sensor was proposed for rapid sampling and detection of MG on live fish skin. The whole analysis takesmin, while the limit of detection for MG is 0.73 pg. Different from other reports, MG contaminated live fish was monitored daily with the G-SERS sensor, during which the fish was firstly raised in 0.5 ppm MG solution for one day, followed by freshwater for a week. It was found …

Uplc-Qtof-Ms Fingerprinting Combined With Chemometrics To Assess The Solvent Extraction Efficiency, Phytochemical Variation, And Antioxidant Activities Of Beta Vulgaris L., Junyi Wang, Guddadarangavvanahally Krishnareddy Jayaprakasha, Bhimanagouda S. Patil

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Accurate assays of plant antioxidants and other phytochemicals require efficient extraction conditions and enable rigorous assessments of crop varieties and production systems. This study assessed the extraction of phytochemicals and antioxidants from conventionally or organically grown red and golden beets (Beta vulgaris L.), using twenty solvent (S1eS20) mixtures containing water, methanol, and ethanol alone or with acids (ascorbic, formic, acetic). Red beetroot extracted with methanol with or without acid had the highest betanin content (2791.0 mg/g and 8222.3 mg/g of fresh weight [FW], respectively) and golden beetroot extracted with methanol/ascorbic acid/water had the highest vulgaxanthin I (193.7 mg/g and 15.0 …

Food Preservative Sorbic Acid Deregulates Hepatic Fatty Acid Metabolism, Chia-Hui Chen, Sin-Ni Ho, Po-An Hu, Yu Ru Kou, Tzong-Shyuan Lee

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Sorbic acid (SA) is one of the most commonly used food preservatives worldwide. Despite SA having no hepatotoxicity at legal dosages, its effect on hepatic lipid metabolism is still unclear. We investigated the effect of SA on hepatic lipid metabolism and its mechanism of action in C57BL/6 mice. Daily treatment with SA (1 g/kg in diet) for 4 weeks did not alter the body weight, organ weight, and blood lipids in mice. However, hepatic lipid accumulation, particularly that of triglycerides, fatty acids, and glycerol, but not cholesteryl ester and free cholesterol, was increased with SA treatment. Mechanistically, SA decreased the …

The Potential Role Of Phenolic Compounds On Modulating Gut Microbiota In Obesity, Gow-Chin Yen, Hsin-Lin Cheng, Li-Yu Lin, Shiuan-Chih Chen, Chin Lin Hsu

Journal of Food and Drug Analysis

Obesity is a rising public health issue and challenge which is tightly correlated with socio-economic development paralleled with increased energy intake and sedentary behavior that subsequently cause adipose tissue accumulation. Physiological and metabolic status changes during obesity development have been suggested with low grade inflammation of gastrointestinal tract. The gut microbiota plays an essential role in regulating whole body energy metabolism and also lipid accumulation, and immunity of host. However, the detail mechanism of which the gut microbiota composition influence obesity development in humans still need deeper investigation owing to the complex pathophysiology of such disease. Recently, the consumption of …

Long-Distance Phasing Of A Tentative "Enhancer" Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism With Yp2d6 Star Allele Definitions, Erin C. Boone, Wendy Y. Wang, R Gaedigk, Mariana Cherner, Anick Bérard, J Steven Leeder, Neil A. Miller, Andrea Gaedigk

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background: The CYP2D6 gene locus has been extensively studied over decades, yet a portion of variability in CYP2D6 activity cannot be explained by known sequence variations within the gene, copy number variation, or structural rearrangements. It was proposed that rs5758550, located 116 kb downstream of the CYP2D6 gene locus, increases gene expression and thus contributes to variability in CYP2D6 activity. This finding has, however, not been validated. The purpose of the study was to address a major technological barrier, i.e., experimentally linking rs5758550, also referred to as the "enhancer" single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), to CYP2D6 haplotypes >100 kb away. To overcome …

Neurodevelopment Outcome Of Neonates Treated With Intraventricular Colistin For Ventriculitis Caused By Multiple Drug-Resistant Pathogens-A Case Series, Kashif Hussain, Muhammad Sohail Salat, Gul Ambreen, Javaid Iqbal

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background: Multiple-drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB)-associated neonatal ventriculitis is a life-threatening complication that needs timely diagnosis and effective treatment with broad-spectrum antimicrobials in critical-care settings. Inadequate penetration of antibiotics through the blood-brain barrier also demands an intraventricular (IVT) route of administration. This study reports mortality and neurodevelopmental sequelae of neonates till 18 months of age, who received IVT-colistin for treating MDR-GNB associated ventriculitis.
Methods: In a case series of seven neonates with ventriculitis due to MDR-GNB at NICU of Aga Khan University Hospital, Pakistan, between June 2015 and 2018, we reviewed IVT-colistin therapy in critically ill neonates. Treatment outcomes were assessed …

Total Cellular Atp Production Changes With Primary Substrate In Mcf7 Breast Cancer Cells., Maggie Louie, Justin Ton, Maurice L. Brady, Diem T. Le, Jordon N. Mar, Chad A Lerner, Akos A Gerencser, Shona A. Mookerjee

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

Cancer growth is predicted to require substantial rates of substrate catabolism and ATP turnover to drive unrestricted biosynthesis and cell growth. While substrate limitation can dramatically alter cell behavior, the effects of substrate limitation on total cellular ATP production rate is poorly understood. Here, we show that MCF7 breast cancer cells, given different combinations of the common cell culture substrates glucose, glutamine, and pyruvate, display ATP production rates 1.6-fold higher than when cells are limited to each individual substrate. This increase occurred mainly through faster oxidative ATP production, with little to no increase in glycolytic ATP production. In comparison, non-transformed …

Model-Based In-Vitro Pk/Pd Profiling Of Novel Synthetic Allosteric Effectors Of Hemoglobin (Aeh) As Potential Sickle Cell Disease (Scd) Therapeutics, Xiaomeng Xu

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Allosteric effectors of hemoglobin (AEH) represent a class of synthetic aromatic aldehydes that transiently form covalent interactions (Schiff-base) with hemoglobin (Hb) to form Hb-AEH adduct, preventing the HbS polymerization and sickling of red blood cells (RBC). The overall objective of this research was to aid in the optimization of novel AEH by understanding their target-site disposition of AEH in relevant biological matrices, e.g., HbA solution, whole blood (WB) and human liver cytosol (HLC), a surrogate of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-mediated oxidative metabolism.

Methods: A “universal” HPLC-UV/Vis assay method was developed for the quantitation of HbA-AEH adduct for chemically …

Sustainable Solutions, Fall/Winter 2020, Issue 41

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Environmentally Responsible Land Use, Spring/Summer 2010, Issue 22

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Sustainable Communities, Fall/Winter 2010, Issue 21

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Sustainable Building, Spring/Summer 2009, Issue 20

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Environmental History, Fall/Winter 2009, Issue 19

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Student Research, Spring/Summer 2008, Issue 18

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Evolving Pollution Prevention, Fall/Winter 2008, Issue 17

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Climate Change, Spring/Summer 2007, Issue 16

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Our Energy Future, Fall/Winter 2007, Issue 15

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Land Conservation, Spring/Summer 2006, Issue 14

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Pollution And Heart Disease, Fall/Winter 2006, Issue 13

Sustain Magazine

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Green Cities, Spring/Summer 2005, Issue 12

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Global Sustainability, Fall/Winter 2005, Issue 11

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Environmental Justice, Spring/Summer 2004, Issue 10

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Kentucky's Environmental Future, Fall/Winter 2004, Issue 9

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Urban Ecology, Spring/Summer 2003, Issue 8

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Urban Regeneration, Fall/Winter 2003, Issue 7

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Urban Air Quality, Spring/Summer 2002, Issue 6

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Sustainability Of Industrialized Agriculture, Fall/Winter 2002, Issue 5

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Urban Design For Environmental Protection, Spring/Summer 2001, Issue 4

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Stream Restoration, Spring/Summer 2011, Issue 24

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.