Kinesiology Commons^™

Juntos Y Saludables: Outcomes Of A Peer Led Approach To Obesity Prevention For Head Start, Erica T. Sosa, Deborah Parra-Medina, Rebecca Adeigbe, Desiree Acosta, Daisy Escamilla, Meizi He, Debra Kibbe, Amelie Ramirez, Zenong Yin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Juntos y Saludables (Get Healthy Together), a multi-component obesity prevention pilot tailored for Mexican American Head Start children (ages 3-5). For the parent education component, researchers trained seven peer parent educators to deliver health information via afterschool parent education sessions. When parents attended the sessions, they received a take-home bag with a book and family activity to promote physical activity in the home. Method: Parent intercept interviews, focus groups, and questionnaires were collected (average 80% participation rate). Results: Average participation rate at the parent education sessions was 46% and rates varied …

Magnitude And Predictors Of Weight Loss In A Free Ad Libitum Online Weight Loss Program, Amber W. Trickey, Weiwei Wang, Kevin O. Hwang

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

To evaluate the magnitude and predictors of weight loss among members of a free ad libitum online weight loss program. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a systematic random sample of members who joined SparkPeople.com between February-April 2008, and included follow-up data until May 2010. The main outcome was net weight change, calculated from self-reported weight entries. We conducted simple linear regression for associations between weight change and demographics (age, gender, referral source, geographic location, baseline body mass index [BMI]) and between weight change and website usage metrics (number of log-ins, weight entries, SparkPoints [website usage incentives], SparkFriends [friends in the SparkPeople …

Associations Between Physical Activity And Obesity In A Multi-Ethnic Sample Of Adolescent Girls, Abida B. Solomon

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: The increasing prevalence of obesity and low participation in physical activity among young racial/ethnic minorities constitute serious public health issues. Research has shown that "overweight" and "obese" individuals have increased risks for the following conditions: coronary heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, cancers (endometrial, breast, and colon), hypertension, dyslipidemia, stroke, liver and gallbladder disease, sleep apnea and respiratory problems, osteoarthritis (a degeneration of cartilage and its underlying bone within a joint), and gynecological problems (abnormal menses, infertility). Because chronic diseases disproportionately impact ethnic and racial minorities, this study examined the association between physical activity and body mass index (BMI) in …

Gender, Weight Loss Efforts, And Fast Food Locations: Evidence Of Differential Effect On Bmi?, Maria C. Chang, Vincent Chen, Courtney P. Winston, Luisa Franzini, Deanna M. Hoelscher

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: Research on the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and proximity of fast food restaurants surrounding schools, proxy measures for fast food access, have produced mixed results. We evaluated whether gender and self-report of weight loss behaviors modified the relationship between BMI and proportion of fast food restaurants (FFRp). Method: We obtained weight and height information for 6,456 11th graders from 108 schools that participated in the 2004-2005 Texas School Physical Activity and Nutrition surveillance. Internet searches were used to determine FFRp within 0.25 and 0.50 miles from schools. FFRp was determined by dividing the number of FFR by …

Relationship Between Leptin And Obesity In Mexican Chidren, Armando Avila-Rodríguez, E.Humberto Avila-Rodríguez, Jesus M. Araujo-Contreras, Abelardo Camacho-Luis, Alfredo Tellez-Valencia, L. Joel Rodríguez-Ortega, Efrén Rivas-Avila

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: The expression and secretion of the leptin are thoroughly related with the regulation of food intake, energy balance and body fat. Obesity is defined as excess of body fat. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship among the nutritional state and the percentage of body fat with the levels of leptin in 10 to 13 year old children living in the city of Durango, Mexico. Method: The study was carried out with 823 elementary school children. The selection was done at random. The biochemical studies were done in a subpopulation of 425 children. Each child underwent …

Health Behaviors Among Students With Different Weight Change Outcomes, Katrina Serrano, Chanam Lee, Peter S. Murano, Xuemei Zhu

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Studies have identified various behavioral and environmental factors associated with physical inactivity and unhealthy diet among children and adults. While the lifestyles of college students may be risk factors to the development of an unhealthy body weight, they have not been sufficiently studied in previous research. Utilizing the dataset collected from a larger project, Campus Environment, Diet and Activity (CEDA), this study examines physical activity (PA), dietary behaviors, and perceptions of environmental barriers among those who have lost, maintained, or gained weight after living on a campus environment for one year. Method: The pretest data (focusing on past behaviors before …

Insulin Resistance And Obesity In Mexican Youth, Jesus M. Araujo-Contreras, E. Humberto Avila-Rodriguez, Nohe Vargas-Chavez, Efren Rivas-Avila, Armando Avila-Rodriguez, Abelardo Camacho-Luis, Luis A. Sepulveda-Chapa, Nelda Mier, Alfredo Tellez-Valencia

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: Although research shows that prevalence rates of insulin resistance (IR) is increasing in children, little is known about the impact of obesity in IR in Mexican youth. This study investigated the association between overweight, obesity, and insulin resistance in Mexican adolescents. Methods: Data were collected from 448 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years from a random sample of a high school student population in Durango, Mexico. After fasting overnight, blood samples were obtained from participants. Glucose, insulin, lipid profile, leptin, insulin growth factor, growth hormone, cortisol, TNF-alpha, and C-reactive protein were determined in serum. Body Mass Index (BMI) was …

Acculturation, Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, And Physical Activity In Mexican Origin Women, Daisy Y. Morales-Campos, Jennifer J. Salinas, Deborah Parra-Medina, Deanne K. Hilfinger Messias, Patricia Sharpe, Alexis M. Koskan

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: Longer time in the United States (US) is associated with increased risk of obesity in Hispanic immigrants, particularly for women. Although previous research has established an association between nutrition and acculturation, little attention has focused on physical activity. In this study, we examine the associations between acculturation on Mexican origin women’s body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and report of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA).

Method: Mexican origin women ≥18 years (n=120) from South Carolina (n=60) and Texas Lower Rio Grande Valley (n=60) completed a survey and anthropometric measures. Participants reported MVPA in hours per week, country …

An Obesity Management Intervention For Hispanic Children In A Pediatric Clinic, Laura A. Rubalcava, Dorothy A. Long Parma, Deborah Parra- Medina, Cynthia M. Mojica

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Title: AN OBESITY MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION FOR HISPANIC CHILDREN IN A PEDIATRIC CLINIC: STUDY DESIGN AND BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS Authors: Laura A. Rubalcava, MA, Dorothy A. Long Parma, MD, Deborah Parra-Medina, MPH, PhD, Cynthia M. Mojica, PhD, MPH Affiliation: Institute for Health Promotion Research, Dept of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Purpose: This study describes a pediatric obesity management intervention trial in a rural Hispanic clinic. Methods: Hispanic children aged 5-14 (goal N=200) who are overweight (body mass index [BMI] 85th-94th percentile for age and gender) or obese (BMI ≥ 95th percentile) and a parent …

C&I As A Tool To Elicit Change In Health, Jon Aoki

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Title: C&I AS A TOOL TO ELICIT CHANGE IN HEALTH Authors: Jon M. Aoki, Ed.D. Affiliations: Department of Natural Sciences, University of Houston-Downtown Purpose: American has become obesogenic and the trend of people gaining weight is a continuing problem. The purpose of this study was to describe an action research modified C&I (curriculum and instruction) unit on health in an upper-level university life science course for EC-6 and 4-8 pre-service teachers that elicited change in student knowledge and lifestyle of health. Method: A phenomenological approach using a constant comparative method was used to describe the post-unit responses from teacher candidates. …

Hispanic Parent Attitudes And Preschool Children's Time With Activity-Promoting Media, Carol J. Spaulding, Alexandra Loukas

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Purpose: Home media that promote physical activity offer potential benefits in obesity prevention efforts for children, to the extent that they may represent “screen time” that is not sedentary. This study examined the relationships of home media density and parent media attitudes to preschool children’s time with TV, DVDs, and videogames, and children’s time with activity-promoting genres.

Methods: Hispanic mothers (N=237) of children aged six to 60 months reported on their preschool-aged children’s time with television, DVD players, and videogames, and time spent using activity-promoting programs or genres. Surveys in Spanish and English assessed the number of screen media channels …

College Students’ Percieved Barriers And Failitators To Maintaining A Healthy Bodyweight, Timothy K. Jones, Arely Perez, Summmer R. Wilmoth, Bonnie Dillon, Lesli Biediger- Friedman, Meizi He

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE:

It has been evident that on average college students experienced excess weight gain as they transited from high school. The objectives of this study were to qualitatively explore college students’ perceived barriers and facilitators to maintaining a healthy bodyweight and identify the key modifiable factors underlying unhealthy behaviors.

METHOD:

The study employed photovoice (PV), a qualitative research method, in undergraduate students in South Texas. Participants took pictures and wrote descriptions of three perceived barriers and three facilitators to maintaining a healthy body weight; they were then asked to choose one of each for discussion. Eight focus groups were conducted …

Building A Heathly Temple, Meizi He, Zenong Yin, Jessica Leeds, Summmer R. Wilmoth, Arely Perez, Timothy K. Jones

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE:

This study aimed to qualitatively explore the Hispanic faith-based communities' perceptions and willingness to address the childhood obesity epidemic. We will gain insights on faith-based communities’ perceptions of childhood obesity; their openness and willingness to address the issue of childhood obesity; their perceived barriers and facilitators to implementing faith-based community obesity prevention programs; and their ideas of appropriate obesity interventions in faith-based community settings.

METHOD:

In-depth interviews with 30 Hispanic church leaders and 7 focus groups with 38 church attending Hispanic children and 38 parents in San Antonio’s West Side, a low-income Hispanic community, were used to collect qualitative …

Mediation And Moderation Effects Of The "5 A Day Achievement Badge" Intervention For Boy Scouts, Tracey Ledoux, Kathy Watson, Janice Baranowski, Tom Baranowski

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Title: MEDIATION AND MODERATION EFFECTS OF THE “5 A DAY ACHIEVEMENT BADGE” INTERVENTION FOR BOY SCOUTS. Authors: Tracey Ledoux, PhD, RD1, 2, Kathy Watson, PhD2, Janice Baranowski, MPH, RD2, & Tom Baranowski, PhD2 Affiliations: 1Health and Human Performance Department, University of Houston; Children’s Nutrition Research Center, USDA/ARS, Baylor College of Medicine. Purpose: To test the moderating effect of parent value for health (PVH) and mediating effects of fruit and vegetable (FV) availability, FV accessibility, child asking behavior (CAB), and FV preference changes on the relationship between program dose and change in FV consumption from an intervention that increased FV consumption …

Improving Secondary Stroke Prevention Among Underserved African Americans: Moving Beyond Health Attitudes, Chelsea Gilts, Lisa Hughes, Gina Evans Hudnall

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Obesity, a known risk factors for stroke, poses a great health risk for the African American community. Beliefs about health locus of control (HLOC) are predictive of many health behaviors related to both obesity and stroke prevention. Some have recommended targeting health interventions to individuals with internal HLOC, as they tend to be more amenable to changing health behaviors, but this can be exclusionary to African Americans, who tend to have higher levels of external locus of control. The present study is a pretest-posttest randomized control design examining the impact of a brief, CBT-based health management intervention developed for overweight …

Therapeutic Potential Of Insulin-Sensitizing Drugs In The Treatment Of Prostate Cancer With Coexisting Obesity, Alison Schwein, Mong-Hong Lee, Sai-Ching Yeung

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

TITLE: Insulin-sensitizing Drugs to Treat Obese Prostate Cancer Patients

AUTHORS: Alison Schwein, B.S.1, Dr. Mong-Hong Lee PhD2, Dr. Sai-Ching Yeung PhD, MD2

AFFILIATIONS: 1University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 2M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Purpose: Prostate cancer (PC) in obese men is more likely to cause a more aggressive disease that recurs after radical prostatectomy than in non-obese men; also, risks of advanced PC or death from PC are increased when associated with obesity. The biological mechanisms underlying the association between obesity and the progression of PC have yet to be established. Insulin resistance is associated with obesity. Insulin …

The Effects Of Whole Body Vibration On Strength Gains In The Bench Press, The Back Squat, And The Power Clean In Division I Football Players, Kelly S. Poppinga

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine if whole body vibration effects strength gains in the bench press, the back squat, and the power clean in division 1 football players. Thirty-one NCAA Division 1 male football players volunteered for this study and were randomly assigned to a control group (C=16) or one of two vibration groups (V1=7, V2=8). Subjects followed the training program for eight weeks. A pre-test, mid-test, and post-test one repetition max was measured at 0, 4, and 8 weeks for the bench press, the back squat, and the power clean. A 3x3 factorial ANOVA revealed varied …

Communicator, Dec. 2010, San Jose State University, Department Of Kinesiology

Communicator (Kinesiology)

Volume 23, Issue 2

Effects Of A Simulated Tennis Match On Lymphocyte Subset Measurements, Holly Kell

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Research has shown that maximal exercise has a significant effect on cells of the immune system. Specifically, lymphocyte count increases during exercise and decreases to a value lower than baseline following an acute exhaustive bout of exercise. The overall lymphocyte response is well characterized, however, the ability of exercise to affect lymphocyte subfractions is unknown to our knowledge. The purpose of this study was to assess and evaluate the affects of a simulated tennis match across two sessions on lymphocyte subsets.

Initial measurements such as age, height, weight, skinfold analysis, and heart rate were recorded for each player, as well …

Caffeine Supplementation And Moderate Intensity Exercise Modulates The Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Subset (Cd+8) In Naive And Tolerant Individuals, Elizabeth Ann Fedor

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of caffeine supplementation on caffeine tolerant and caffeine naïve individual’s lymphocyte counts, apoptosis and migration levels. In addition, effects of exercise on post-caffeine ingestion lymphocyte counts, apoptosis and migration levels were determined. It was hypothesized that caffeine would alter the immune system cell counts, but that exercise would be able to restore the immune system to homeostasis. Seventeen Western Kentucky University students were tested (males n=7, females n=10; n=7: caffeine tolerant= 200mg or more per day group, n=9: caffeine naïve= 50mg or less per day group). In this double-blind investigation, …

Stride-To-Stride Variability Is Altered During Backward Walking In Anterior Cruciate Ligament Deficient Patients, Franceska Zampeli, Constantina Moraiti Moraiti, Sofia Xergia, Vasilios Tsiaras, Nikolaos Stergiou, Anastasios D. Georgoulis

Journal Articles

Background: Recently backward walking is used by physical therapists to strengthen the hamstring muscles and thus improve the function of the knee joint of anterior cruciate ligament deficient patients. The aim of this study was to examine the stride-to-stride variability of anterior cruciate ligament deficient patients during backward walking. The variation of how a motor behavior emerges in time is best captured by tools derived from nonlinear dynamics, for which the temporal sequence in a series of values is the facet of interest.

Methods: Fifteen patients with unilateral anterior cruciate ligament deficiency and eleven healthy controls walked backwards …

The Effect Of Music On Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgical Performance, Ka-Chun Siu, I. H. Suh, Mukul Mukherjee, D. Oleynikov, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Music is often played in the operating room to increase the surgeon’s concentration and to mask noise. It could have a beneficial effect on surgical performance. Ten participants with limited experience with the da Vinci robotic surgical system were recruited to perform two surgical tasks: suture tying and mesh alignment when classical, jazz, hip-hop, and Jamaican music were presented. Kinematics of the instrument tips of the surgical robot and surface electromyography of the subjects were recorded. Results revealed that a significant music effect was found for both tasks with decreased time to task completion (P = .005) and total …

A Comparison Of Interventions For Children With Cerebral Palsy To Improve Sitting Postural Control: A Clinical Trial, Regina T. Harbourne, Sandra L. Willett, Anastasia Kyvelidou, Joan E. Deffeyes, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Background The ability to sit independently is fundamental for function but delayed in infants with cerebral palsy (CP). Studies of interventions directed specifically toward sitting in infants with CP have not been reported.

Objective The purpose of this study was to compare 2 interventions for improving sitting postural control in infants with CP.

Design For this randomized longitudinal study, infants under 2 years of age and at risk for CP were recruited for intervention directed toward sitting independence.

Setting The intervention was conducted at home or at an outpatient facility.

Patients and Intervention Fifteen infants with typical development (mean age …

The Relationship Of Snowmobile Year, Track Length, And Riding Terrain To The Occurrence Of Musculosketetal Symptoms In Recreational Snowmobile Drivers, Erica L. Heisler

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms in recreational snowmobile drivers and relate them to the manufacture year of the snowmobile, the length of the track, and/or the riding terrain. Participants included 186 males and 57 females (n=243), aged 18 years and older, and were all snowmobile drivers. Subjects were asked to complete either an online survey or a paper survey to gather information about the year of snowmobile they drove, the track length of that snowmobile, the typical riding terrain they drove on, and any musculoskeletal symptoms they developed from driving snowmobile. …

Effects Of Short-Term, High-Force Resistance Training On High-Intensity Exercise Capacity., Patrick Abi Nader

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of short-term high-intensity resistance training on time to exhaustion at maximal aerobic output. It was hypothesized that 2 weeks of training will induce improvements in performance at maximal aerobic output. Eighteen subjects participated in this study. Subjects were assigned to a control (n=8) or resistance training (n=10) groups. The resistance training group participated in 5 sessions of strength training over a period of 2 weeks on the leg press device. Both groups participated in pre and post intervention testing. After the intervention strength in the training group significantly increased (p=.00). …

Universal Play Frame Vi, Justin Bazant, Cullen Crackel, Anthony Franceschi

Mechanical Engineering

This design report details the design process utilized by Adaptive Exercise Designs (AED) in creating the sixth design of the Universal Play Frame (UPF). The UPF is an adaptive frame which supports a variety of devices that allows athletes in wheelchairs with limited range of motion to participate in physical activity. The past five frame designs do not meet the needs of the Friday Club due to complications with function and time constraints. To ensure all of Fridays Club's needs were met, the problem was better defined by converting the customer requirements into engineering specifications. The design process our team …

Prevalence And Predictors Of Weight-Loss Maintenance In A Biracial Cohort: Results From The Coronary Artery Risk Development In Young Adults Study, Suzanne Phelan, Rena R. Wing, Catherine M. Loria, Yongin Kim, Cora E. Lewis

Kinesiology and Public Health

Background: Few population-based studies have examined the behavioral and psychosocial predictors of long-term weight-loss maintenance.
Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of weight-loss maintenance in a biracial cohort of younger adults.
Methods: This study examined a population-based sample of overweight/obese African-American and white men and women who had 5% weight loss between 1995 and 2000. Subsequent changes in weight, physical activity, and behavioral and psychosocial factors were examined between 2000 and 2005. Analyses were conducted in 2008 –2009.
Results: Among the 1869 overweight/obese individuals without major disease in 1995, …

Femoral Loading Mechanics In Virginia Opossums (Didelphis Virginiana): Torsion And Mediolateral Bending In Mammalian Parasagittal Locomotion, William Gosnell

All Theses

Studies of limb bone loading in terrestrial mammals have typically found anteroposterior bending to be the primary loading regime, with torsion contributing minimally. However, previous studies have focused on large, cursorial eutherian species in which the limbs are held essentially upright. Recent in vivo strain data from the Virginia opossum Didelphis virginiana, a marsupial that uses a crouched rather than upright limb posture, have indicated that its femur experiences moderate torsion during locomotion as well as strong mediolateral bending. The elevated femoral torsion and strong mediolateral bending observed in opossums (compared to other mammals) might result from external forces such …

Measured And Estimated Ground Reaction Forces For Multi-Segment Foot Models, Dustin A. Bruening, Kevin M. Cooney, Frank L. Buczek

Faculty Publications

Accurate measurement of ground reaction forces under discrete areas of the foot is important in the development of more advanced foot models, which can improve our understanding of foot and ankle function. To overcome current equipment limitations, a few investigators have proposed combining a pressure mat with a single force platform and using a proportionality assumption to estimate subarea shear forces and free moments. In this study, two adjacent force platforms were used to evaluate the accuracy of the proportionality assumption on a three segment foot model during normal gait. Seventeen right feet were tested using a targeted walking approach, …

The Relationship Between Fitness Level, Gender, And The Percentage Of Vo2 Max At Crossover, Christina Louise Pettigrew

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The “crossover” concept is a means of understanding fuel utilization over a range of exercise intensities. According to this concept, certain biochemical adaptations occur in a fit individual allowing for an increase in lipid oxidation. The present study examined whether there was a relationship between fitness level, gender, and the percentage of maximum aerobic capacity (VO2 max) at crossover. Twenty-five subjects age 18-40 participated in this study. Subjects were divided in half based on their fitness level. After completing a graded exercise test to exhaustion, the crossover point for each subject was determined relative to their VO2 max. A 2x2 …