Parasitology Commons^™

Two New Species Of Rhabdias (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) From The Marine Toad, Bufo Marinus (L.) (Lissamphibia: Anura: Bufonidae), In Central America, Yuriy Kuzmin, Vasyl V. Tkach, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Two new Rhabdias species are described from the lungs of the cane toad Bufo marinus (L.) from Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Rhabdias alabialis n. sp. differs from other known species of the genus by the remarkable morphology of its head end, i.e., the absence of lips or pseudolabia, the slitlike oral opening, and the triangular shape of the buccal capsule in apical view. Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala n. sp. is identified as a form previously known in Central and South America as Rhabdias sphaerocephala Goodey, 1924, a species initially described from toads in Europe. The new species is differentiated from R. sphaerocephala …

Bird Movement Predicts Buggy Creek Virus Infection In Insect Vectors, Charles R. Brown, Mary Bomberger Brown, Amy T. Moore, Nicholas Komar

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Predicting the spatial foci of zoonotic diseases is a major challenge for epidemiologists and disease ecologists. Migratory birds are often thought to be responsible for introducing some aviozoonotic pathogens such as West Nile and avian influenza viruses to a local area, but most information on how bird movement correlates with virus prevalence is anecdotal or indirect. We report that the prevalence of Buggy Creek virus (BCRV) infection in cimicid swallow bugs (Oeciacus vicarius), the principal invertebrate vector for this virus, was directly associated with the likelihood of movement by cliff swallows (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota), an amplifying host …

Ecological Correlates Of Buggy Creek Virus Infection In Oeciacus Vicarius, Southwestern Nebraska, 2004, Amy T. Moore, Eric A. Edwards, Mary Bomberger Brown, Nicholas Komar, Charles R. Brown

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Buggy Creek virus (family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, BCRV) is an alphavirus within the western equine encephalitis virus complex whose primary vector is the swallow bug, Oeciacus vicarius Horvath (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), an ectoparasite of the colonially nesting cliff swallow, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota, that is also a frequent host for the virus.We investigated ecological correlates of BCRV infection in 100-bug pools at 14 different swallow colony sites in southwestern Nebraska from summer 2004, by using plaque assay on Vero cells to identify cytopathic virus and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to identify noncytopathic viral RNA. We found 26.7% of swallow bug pools …

Iv Foro De Investigadores Por La Conservación Y Ii Simposio De Areas Naturales Protegidas Del Estado De Hidalgo, Griselda Pulido-Flores, Ana Laura López-Escamilla

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Ecofisiología de Echinocadus platyacanthus (Región Los Venados), en la reserva de la biosfera Barranca de Metztitlán, Hidalgo. • Hernández-Aguilar, A, G. Ramírez-Ramírez y M. Collazo-Ortega.

Banco de semillas de Echinocadus platyacanthus Link y Otto (Cactaceae) y especies asociadas en una región semiárida de la reserva de la biosfera Barranca de Metztitlán, Hidalgo • López-López, J. v., y M. Collazo-Ortega.

Estimación de balance de humedad para la cuenca Amajac que incluye la reserva de la biosfera Barranca de Metztitlán bajo condiciones actuales y escenarios de cambio climático. • Lucio Hernández, M., J. D. Gómez Díaz y A Monterroso Rivas.

Eficiencia de …

American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 29, No. 4, Winter 2007, Scott Lyell Gardner

American Society of Parasitologists: Newsletter

An issue of the American Society of Parasitologists' quarterly newsletter, also called the Journal of Parasitology Newsletter.

Effects Of A Hurricane On Fish Parasites, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Hurricanes, also called tropical cyclones, can dramatically affect life along their paths, including a temporary losing or reducing in number of parasites of fishes. Hurricane Katrina in the northern Gulf of Mexico in August 2005 provides many examples involving humans and both terrestrial and aquatic animals and plants. Fishes do not provide much of an indicator of hurricane activity because most species quickly repopulate the area. Fish parasites, however, serve as a good indicator of the overall biodiversity and environmental health. The reasons for the noted absence or reduction of parasites in fishes are many, and specific parasites provide indications …

Asymmetric Localizations Of Lin-17/Fz And Mig-5/Dsh Are Involved In The Asymmetric B Cell Division In C. Elegans, Mingfu Wu, Michael A. Herman

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

LIN-44/Wnt and LIN-17/Frizzled (Fz) function in a planar cell polarity (PCP)-like pathway to regulate the asymmetric B cell division in Caenorhabditis elegans. We observed asymmetric localization of LIN-17/Frizzled (Fz) and MIG-5/Disheveled (Dsh) during the B cell division. LIN-17∷GFP was asymmetrically localized within the B cell prior to and after the B cell division and correlated with B cell polarity. Asymmetric localization of LIN-17∷GFP was dependent upon LIN-44/Wnt and MIG-5/Dsh function. The LIN-17 transmembrane domain and a portion of the cysteine-rich domain (CRD) were required for LIN-17 function and asymmetric distribution to the B cell daughters, while the conserved KTXXXW …

First Observation Of Elaeophora Schneideri Wehr And Dikmans, 1935 (Nematoda:Filariidae) In Mule Deer From Nebraska, R. D. Mcknown, M. C. Sterner, D. W. Oates

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Between November 2000 and November 2005, approximately 200 mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) and whitetailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from western Nebraska were extensively examined for the presence of Elaeophora schneideri, Wehr and Dikmans, 1935; three adult E. schneideri were detected from three mule deer. This represents the first documented occurrence of E. schneideri from wild deer in Nebraska.

Parasitism Of Hylodes Phyllodes (Anura: Cycloramphidae) By Hannemania Sp. (Acari: Trombiculidae) In An Area Of Atlantic Forest, Ilha Grande, Southeastern Brazil, F. H. Hatano, Donald Gettinger, M. Van Sluys, C. F. D. Rocha

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

We studied some parameters of the parasitism by the mite Hannemania sp. on the endemic frog Hylodes phyllodes in the Atlantic Forest of Ilha Grande (Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil). Prevalence, mean abundance, mean intensity and total intensity of infestation, body regions infected, and host sexual differences in parasitism rate of the larvae of Hannemania sp. on individuals of H. phyllodes were assessed. Prevalence was 86.5 % (N = 37; total of 1,745 larvae of Hannemania sp) for male hosts and 91.7 % (N =12; total of 330 larvae) for female hosts, with no significant difference between the sexes. Overall …

Protostrongylid Parasites And Pneumonia In Captive And Wild Thinhorn Sheep (Ovis Dalli), Emily J. Jenkins, A. M. Veitch, Susan J. Kutz, T. K. Bollinger, J. M. Chirino-Trejo, B. T. Elkin, K. H. West, Eric P. Hoberg, L. Polley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

We describe health significance of protostrongylid parasites (Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei and Protostrongylus stilesi) and other respiratory pathogens in more than 50 naturally infected Dall’s sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) from the Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories (1998–2002) as well as in three Stone’s sheep (O. d. stonei) experimentally infected with P. odocoilei (2000–2002). Histological lesions in the brain and distribution of P. odocoilei in the muscles of experimentally and naturally infected sheep were consistent with a previously hypothesized ‘‘central nervous system to muscle’’ pattern of migration for P. odocoilei. Dimensions of granulomas associated with eggs of …

Eastward Ho: Phylogeographical Perspectives On Colonization Of Hosts And Parasites Across The Beringian Nexus [Guest Editorial], Eric Waltari, Eric P. Hoberg, Enrique P. Lessa, Joseph A. Cook

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The response of Arctic organisms and their parasites to dramatic fluctuations in climate during the Pleistocene has direct implications for predicting the impact of current climate change in the North. An increasing number of phylogeographical studies in the Arctic have laid a framework for testing hypotheses concerning the impact of shifting environmental conditions on transcontinental movement. We review 35 phylogeographical studies of trans-Beringian terrestrial and freshwater taxa, both hosts and parasites, to identify generalized patterns regarding the number, direction and timing of trans-continental colonizations. We found that colonization across Beringia was primarily from Asia to North America, with many events …

Parasites, Proteomics And Performance: Effects Of Gregarine Gut Parasites On Dragonfly Flight Muscle Composition And Function, Rudolf J. Schilder, James H. Marden

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

In previous work, we found that dragonflies infected with gregarine gut parasites have reduced muscle power output, loss of lipid oxidation in their flight muscles, and a suite of symptoms similar to mammalian metabolic syndrome. Here, we test the hypothesis that changes in muscle protein composition underlie the observed changes in contractile performance. We found that gregarine infection was associated with a 10-fold average reduction in abundance of a ~155·kDa fragment of muscle myosin heavy chain (MHC; ~206·kDa intact size). Insect MHC gene sequences contain evolutionarily conserved amino acid motifs predicted for calpain cleavage, and we found that calpain digestion …

Grânulos De Amido E Fitólitos Em Cálculos Dentários Humanos: Contribuição Ao Estudo Do Modo De Vida E Subsistência De Grupos Sambaquianos Do Litoral Sul Do Brasil, Verônica Wesolowski, Sheila Maria Ferraz Mendonça De Souza, Karl Reinhard, Gregório Ceccantini

Karl Reinhard Publications

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados da recuperação e análise de micro-vestígios vegetais retidos em cálculos dentários de grupos de pescadores-coletores do litoral sul do Brasil. Apresenta também os resultados das relações mantidas entre grânulos de amido e cárie, e entre fitólitos e desgaste dentário.

Através da dissolução química de cálculos dentários foram recuperados microvestígios vegetais em todos os indivíduos estudados. Foi evidenciado o consumo de alimentos amiláceos em todas as séries esqueléticas estudadas, demonstrando independência entre dieta com aporte de produtos vegetais e utilização de cerâmica. Foram encontrados resultados sugestivos de padrões de escolha de alimentos diferenciados …

How Will Global Climate Change Affect Parasite-Host Assemblages?, Eric P. Hoberg, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Parasites are integral components of the biosphere. Host switching correlated with events of episodic climate change is ubiquitous in evolutionary and ecological time. Global climate change produces ecological perturbations, which cause geographical and phenological shifts, and alteration in the dynamics of parasite transmission, increasing the potential for host switching. The intersection of climate change with evolutionary conservative aspects of host specificity and transmission dynamics, called ecological fitting, permits emergence of parasites and diseases without evolutionary changes in their capacity for host utilization.

Nearctic Shrews, Sorex Spp., As Paratenic Hosts Of Soboliphyme Baturini (Nematoda: Soboliphymidae), S. V. Karpenko, N. E. Dokuchaev, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Third-stage larvae (L3) of Soboliphyme baturini were discovered for the first time in shrews, Sorex cinereus and Sorex tundrensis from Alaska and the Nearctic. Shrews were found to be infected with L3 at Suloia Lake, southeastern Alaska, Togiak National Wildlife Refuge, southwestern Alaska, and at the Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve near the Yukon-Alaska border. Larvae in shrews from Alaska were morphologically indistinguishable from those known in both insectivores and arvicoline rodents from Russia. The occurrence of S. baturini in Alaskan insectivores further establishes shrews as important hosts in the transmission of S. baturini among mustelids and other carnivores and indicates …

First Record Of Alcataenia Larina Larina (Cestoda: Dilepididae) In Atlantic Puffins (Aves, Alcidae, Fratercula Arctica) From Newfoundland, Canada, Sabir B. Muzaffar, Eric P. Hoberg, Ian L. Jones

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

The tapeworm Alcataenia larina (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea: Dilepididae) is a parasite of gulls (Laridae) with a Holarctic distribution in oceanic and littoral habitats. Two subspecies Alcataenia larina pacifica and Alcataenia larina larina are recognized with the former occurring in the North Pacific basin and the latter in the North Atlantic. Alcids serve as incidental hosts for both species and infections are generally rare, usually involving few specimens. We report A. l. larina in Atlantic puffins (Fratercula arctica) collected from the Bay of Exploits, Newfoundland. The 14 strobilate and early gravid specimens were clearly distinguishable from the closely related Alcataenia …

Research Note: Hymenolepis Horrida (Cestoda: Hymenolepididae) And Catenotaenia Peromysci (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) In Voles From The Canadian Rockies, Yeen Ten Hwang, Scott Lyell Gardner, John S. Millar

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Cestodes from Clethrionomys gapperi (n=34) and Microtus longicaudus (n=8) from Kootenay National Park, British Columbia, Canada are reported. Two species of cestodes, Hymenolepis horrida (sensu lato) and Catenotaenia peromysci, were found in Clethrionomys gapperi, and one species of cestode, H. horrida, was found in Microtus longicaudus. Clethrionomys gapperi represents a new host record for C. peromysci. The Canadian Rockies is a new locality record for both cestode species.

Multiplication Of Ovaries In Ctenotaenia Marmotae (Frölich, 1802) (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), Sumiya Ganzorig, Yuzaburo Oku, Scott Lyell Gardner, Masao Kamiya

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Individuals of the cestode species Ctenotaenia marmotae (Frölich, 1802) (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) possessing duplicated rudimentary ovaries toward the medial parts of the segments were found in material collected from the Siberian marmot (Marmota sibirica) in Mongolia. This tapeworm is characterized by possessing one pair of female genitals per segment. The extra rudimentary ovaries that we found ranged from one to six in number per segment and were much smaller than the main pairs of ovaries. Although multiplication of ovaries was reported to occur in a species of Diandrya (Darrah, 1930) by Rausch (1980), this is the first report of …

A New Species Of Subulura (Nematoda: Subuluroidea) From Ground Squirrels, Spermophilus Spilosoma Bennett, 1833, In New Mexico, John E. Ubelaker, Roxanne Easter-Taylor, April Marshall, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A description is presented of a new species of Subulura Molin, 1860, Subulura novomexicanus, collected from the spotted ground squirrel, Spermophilus spilosoma Bennett, 1833, in New Mexico. The males are 24 to 29 mm long, precloacal sucker 1.7–2.0 mm from posterior end, spicules subequal 0.83–1.0 long, and gubernaculum Y-shaped 0.21–0.39 mm long. Females are 34–39 mm long, vulva near middle of body 14.06–22.00 mm from anterior end, and eggs 0.04–0.05 mm long by 0.03–0.04 mm wide. The new species is distinguished from Subulura ungulatus Erickson, 1938 in being longer and having spicules that are distinctively different in size and …

Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Infecting Cricetid Rodents From Alaska, U.S.A., And Northeastern Siberia, Russia, And Description Of A New Eimeria Species From Myodes Rutilus, The Northern Red-Backed Vole, Donald W. Duszynski, Andrew J. Lynch, Joseph A. Cook

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

During the summers of 2000, 2001, and 2002, 1,950 fecal samples from 4 families, 10 genera, and 16 species of rodents in Alaska, U.S.A. (N = 1,711), and Siberia, Russia (N = 239) were examined for coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae). The 4 families sampled were Dipodidae (jumping mice), Erethizontidae (New World porcupines), Muridae (mice, rats), and Cricetidae (voles, lemmings). Nineteen oocyst morphotypes were observed, of which 10 were consistent with descriptions of known coccidia species from murid hosts, 8 were similar to oocysts described previously from other genera than those in which they are found here (and are called …

Paranoplocephala Sciuri (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), A Parasite Of The Northern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys Sabrinus), With A Discussion Of Its Systematic Status, Robert L. Rausch, Voitto Haukisalmi

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

This study redescribes Andrya sciuri Rausch, 1947 (Anoplocephalidae) from the northern flying squirrel, Glaucomys sabrinus (Shaw), in North America, to redefine the morphology and generic position of this poorly known cestode. Andrya sciuri is shown to belong unambiguously to the genus Paranoplocephala Lühe, 1910 sensu Haukisalmi and Wickström (2005). Paranoplocephala sciuri is compared with four species that resemble it morphologically, and features that can be used in its identification are presented. It is suggested that P. sciuri has speciated through a shift from arvicoline rodents (voles and lemmings) to G. sabrinus.

Presentation Of The 2006 Asp Distinguished Service Award To Lillian Mayberry, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Presentation of the 2006 American Society of Parasitologists Distinguished Service Award to Lillian Mayberry, of the University of Texas at El Paso, at the 11th International Congress of Parasitology in Glasgow, Scotland.

Tadaridanema Delicatus (Schwartz, 1927) N. Gen., N. Comb. (Trichostrongylina: Molineidae) Parasite Of Molossidae Bats, Jorge Falcon-Ordaz, Carmen Guzman-Cornejo, Luis Garcia-Prieto, Scott Lyell Gardner

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

On the basis of the revision of the type material of Anoplostrongylus delicatus Schwartz, 1927, and new specimens collected from Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana (Saussure, 1860) in 4 arid localities from Mexico, we describe a new genus (Tadaridanema n. gen.), to which A. delicatus is transferred (as Tadaridanema delicatus (Schwartz, 1927) n. gen., n. comb.). This new genus differs from all other genera included in noplostrongylinae by having ray 2 larger than ray 3. In addition, T. delicatus can be differentiated from the type species of Anoplostrongylus (Anoplostrongylus paradoxus (Travassos, 1918)) because it possess vestibular branches equal in length, cephalic inflation …

American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 28, No. 3, Late Fall 2006, Scott Lyell Gardner

American Society of Parasitologists: Newsletter

An issue of the American Society of Parasitologists' quarterly newsletter, also called the Journal of Parasitology Newsletter.

Aspidoderidae From North America, With The Description Of A New Species Of Aspidodera (Nematoda: Heterakoidea), F. Agustin Jimenez-Ruiz, Scott Lyell Gardner, Andrea S. Varela-Stokes

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Aspidodera sogandaresi n. sp. (Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae) from Dasypus novemcinctus Linnaeus, 1758 is herein described. This nematode occurs in armadillos from as far south as the canal zone of Panama, north through central Mexico, and into the southern United States. Previously identified as Aspidodera fasciata (Schneider, 1866), this new species has blunt projections on the lips and lateral expansions at the distal tips of the spicules, whereas A. fasciata has conspicuous digitiform projections on the lips, and a terminal round expansion at the tips of the spicules. Other species of the family present in North America include Aspidodera binansata Railliet and …

American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 28, No. 2, Late Spring 2006., Scott Lyell Gardner

American Society of Parasitologists: Newsletter

An issue of the American Society of Parasitologists' quarterly newsletter, also called the Journal of Parasitology Newsletter.

Research Note: First Record Of Ancylostoma Malayanum (Alessandrini, 1905) From Brown Bears (Ursus Arctos L.), Mitsuhiko Asakawa, Scott Lyell Gardner, Tsutomu Mano

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

This is the first report of Ancylostoma malayanum (Alessandrini, 1905), subgenus Ceylancylostoma (Lichtenfels, 1980) from wild brown bears Ursus arctos L. The bears were collected by shooting in Wassamu-Cho province (44 [degrees] 80 [minutes] 59 [seconds] N, 142 [degrees] 82 [minutes] 99 [seconds] E), Hokkaido, Japan, November, 2003.

Ecological Fitting As A Determinant Of The Community Structure Of Platyhelminth Parasites Of Anurans, Daniel R. Brooks, Virginia León-Règagnon, Deborah A. Mclennan, Derek Zelmer

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Host-parasite associations are assumed to be ecologically specialized, tightly coevolved systems driven by mutual modification in which host switching is a rare phenomenon. Ecological fitting, however, increases the probability of host switching, creating incongruences between host and parasite phylogenies, when (1) specialization on a particular host resource is a shared characteristic of distantly related parasites, and (2) the resource being tracked by the parasite is widespread among many host species. We investigated the effect of ecological fitting on structuring the platyhelminth communities of anurans from a temperate forest and grassland in the United States and tropical dry and wet forests …

A New Species Of Myxidium (Myxosporea: Myxidiidae), From The Western Chorus Frog, Pseudacris Triseriata Triseriata, And Blanchard's Cricket Frog, Acris Crepitans Blanchardi (Hylidae), From Eastern Nebraska: Morphology, Phylogeny, And Critical Comments On Amphibian Myxidium Taxonomy, Miloslav Jirků, Matthew G. Bolek, Christopher M. Whipps, John J. Janovy Jr., Mike L. Kent, David Modrý

John J. Janovy, Jr. Publications

During March 2001-April 2004, 164 adult anurans of 6 species (47 Rana blairi, 35 Rana catesbeiana, 31 Hyla chrysoscelis, 31 Pseudacris triseriata triseriata, 11 Bufo woodhousii, and 9 Acris crepitans blanchardi) from Pawnee Lake, Lancaster County, Nebraska, were surveyed for myxozoan parasites. Of these, 20 of 31 (65%) P. triseriata triseriata and 1 of 9 (11%) A. crepitans blanchardi were infected with a new species of Myxidium. Myxidium melleni n. sp. (Myxosporea) is described from the gallbladder of the western chorus frog, P. triseriata triseriata (Hylidae). This is the second species of Myxidium …

Paracreptotrema Blancoi N. Gen., N. Sp. (Digenea: Plagiorchiformes: Allocreadiidae) In The Olomina, Priapichthys Annectens (Osteichthyes: Poeciliidae), From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, Anindo Choudhury, Gerardo Pérez Ponce De León, Daniel R. Brooks, Rita Daverdin

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A new species of allocreadiid digenean is described from Priapichthys annectens (Regan) (Osteichthyes: Poeciliidae) in the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. A new genus, Paracreptotrema is proposed to accommodate this species as well as Fellodistomum mendezi Songandares-Bernal, 1955, which was previously described from another poeciliid, Brachyrhaphis episcopi, in Panama. Paracreptotrema differs from all other nominal genera of Allocreadiidae by a combination of its symmetrical testes, restricted vitellaria, and the lack of oral lappets (muscular 'papillae') or other such appendages. Paracreptotrema blancoi n. sp. resembles Creptotrema creptotrema Travassos, Artigas and Pereira, 1928, but differs in lacking ventral oral lappets …