Forest Sciences Commons^™

Planning And Design Considerations For Hybrid Poplar Timberbelts, Scott J. Josiah, Gary Kuhn

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

The demand for wood products and wood fiber has led to the development of a production system based on fast growing trees known as Short Rotation Woody Crops (SRWCs). Traditionally, SRWCs are grown in large, intensively managed blocks, but the technology may also be used on agricultural lands in integrated applications such as timberbelts. Timberbelts are multiple row windbreaks that are planted with commercially valuable trees to produce wood products. Trees such as hybrid poplar (typically cottonwood and to a lesser extent aspen), hybrid willow, hybrid pine, paulownia, etc., are particularly suited for use in timberbelts because of their rapid …

From A Pasture To A Silvopasture System, James L. Robinson, Terry Clason

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

There is potential to diversify a grazing operation and improve economic or environmental benefits on many acres through conversion of pasture to silvopasture. Silvopasture is the integration of trees with livestock grazing and forage operations. Research has demonstrated that, if managed properly, forage production can be maintained while producing high value timber.

De Sistemas Pastoriles A Silvopastoriles, James L. Robinson, Terry Clason

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Existe el potencial para diversificar la operación pastoril y mejorar los beneficios económicos y ambientales en muchas áreas a través de la conversión de pastoreo a silvopastoreo. Silvopastoreo es la integración de árboles y ganado junto con forraje. Estudios han demostrado que bajo una buena administración es posible la producción de pastos y de madera de alta calidad.

Alternate Models Of Centrifugal Cleaners For The Paper Industry, Eric Bauer

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Clean pulp is essential to the optimum operation of any paper machine. The hydrocyclone is the most space, energy and cost efficient method to remove both heavy and light contaminants from a papermaking slurry. The efficiency of a hydrocyclone cleaner increases as the amount of removed contaminants increases. An efficient hydrocyclone allows the least amount of usable fiber to be lost in the cleaning process. Bradley devised a mathematical model to measure the efficiency of a hydrocyclone, and it is still the accepted model today. Several problems may exist with the Bradley Model as it applies to paper making slurries. …

Lignosulfonate As A Strength Additive For Non-Wood Paperboard, Francisco L. Martin

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Recycle mills that use old corrugated cardboard (OCC) in their furnish experience difficulties in maintaining the quality of the paperboard produced. Recycle mills using the OCC collect their OCC from many parts of the world. Countries such as China and Japan use rice fibers in the production of corrugated cardboard. Other countries use straw as a fiber source. The end result is that OCC in the United States contains a portion of non-wood fibers as well as the typical wood fibers. Paperboard containing these non-wood fibers typically has lower strength properties than paperboard produced from pure wood fibers. Literature suggests …

The Influence Of Base Sheet Sizing On The Print Quality Of Matte Coated Ink Jet Papers, Saurabh K. Halwawala

Masters Theses

The most recent developments in ink-jet papers have been related to coating aμd pigment technology. Silica is the preferred pigment for matte coated ink-jet papers. Besides being expensive, the high surface area and porosity of this pigment limits the percentage coating solids to less than 30-35%, which increases production cost due to higher dryer loads. Thus, a need exists to develop a new generation of pigments. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of base sheet absorbency on the surface, as well as print properties of matte coated ink-jet papers using a new pigment capable of being …

Effect Of Size Level And Fiber Coarseness On Ink-Jet Printability Of Size Press Coated Paper, Falguni Mehta

Masters Theses

In recent years, matte coated paper has enjoyed wide spread usage for ink-jet applications. The coating performance is strongly influenced by base sheet properties including fiber coarseness and base sheet absorbency. Base sheet absorbency, which is elevated in terms of internal sizing, is a crucial property of ink-jet paper.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of size level and fiber coarseness on ink-jet print qualities. A secondary objective was to examine the size reversion phenomena and to quantify the effect of size level, pigmented coating, and fiber coarseness on size reversion.

The results showed that the …

Leaf Area, Stemwood Volume Growth, And Stand Structure In A Mixed-Species, Multi-Aged Northern Conifer Forest, Laura Kenefic

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Tree- and stand-level leaf area (LA) - stemwood volume growth relationships were explored in mixed-species, multi-aged northern conifer stands dominated by Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. (eastern hemlock), Abies balsameu (L.) Mill. (balsam fir), and Piceu rubens Sarg. (red spruce). A T. cunudensis LA model was developed to supplement published equations for A. bulsumeu and P. rubens. Sapwood area was an effective T. cunudensis LA surrogate, though nonsapwood-based models using stem cross-sectional area and modified live crown ratio produced results comparable to sapwood-based models. Equations for predicting tree-level stemwood volume increment (AVINC) were derived, and implied growth efficiencies (GE) were …

Creating Virtual Wood Particulate Composites, Huaijun Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Wood particulate composites are inhomogeneous, short fiber materials. The behavior of such materials depends on the properties of the constituent elements (wood particles, fibers, and adhesives) and the manner in which they are organized (the microstructure). Research on the microstructure of these composites has been carried out for several decades. However, due to the complexity of the engineered structures, most existing works are either over-simplified or lacking in general representations. While experimental approaches to improve material performance are necessary, this thesis presents another approach for better depictions of such complex systems. In this research project, digital surrogates of the composite …

Factors Influencing Net Primary Production In Red Spruce, Michael Day

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Management of forest resources, even when practiced at the scale of ecosystems, is implicitly based on managing photosynthetic acquisition of carbon by trees. This thesis examines several aspects of carbon balance at the scale of individual trees, using red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) as a model species. Age-related declines in net primary productivity have been described for many species, including red spruce. A potential explanation is that ontogenetic changes in meristems lead to lower photosynthetic rates, which was confirmed here for red spruce. A grafting study used scions from juvenile, 6Oy, and 120~ trees to demonstrate that age-related morphological …

The Breeding Ecology Of White-Faced Ibis In The Lower Carson River Basin, Nevada, Eric Patrick Kelchlin

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The Great Basin White-faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi) population is recognized as a Species of Management because of its small population size, limited number of traditional breeding sites, and vulnerability to habitat loss. The ability to predict future population trends and develop wetland management strategies is limited because many aspects of their breeding ecology and population dynamics are unknown. 1 examined White-faced Ibis nesting ecology and breeding habitat selection at the Lower Carson River Basin, Nevada, from 1995-1997, and the relationship between the local surface water conditions and trends in the number of breeding pairs from 1970-1997 on a local and …

Project Report No. 63, Site Index Equations For Loblolly And Slash Pine Plantations In East Texas, Update: Fall 2000, Lanton Chumley, Kenneth Dotson, Brad Horn, Greg Kelley, Greg Mabus, Meredith Middlebrook, Jamie Oliver, Michael Russell, Michelle Stegall

Informal Project Reports

This update utilizes height-age pairs measured from 1982- 1999. As a result, the number.of observations available for analysis is 1,900 loblolly and 852 slash. It is anticipated that the equations in this Fall 2000 update may quantify the productivity of East Texas loblolly and slash pine plantations in a more accurate and reliable manner than the eight previous sets of equations.

Meeting Minutes, September 23rd, 2000, National Smokejumper Association Executive Committee

National Smokejumper Association Meeting Minutes

Agenda: Next Meeting Date.; Long Range Planning.; Membership.; Treasurer.; Website.; Magazine.; Merchandising.; History.; Dale Longanecker.; Life Membership Project.; Reimbursement.; 2nd Vice President Vote.; Paid Help for Merchandising.;

Pb1462 Tree Crops For Marginal Farmland - White Pine, The University Of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service

Forestry, Trees, and Timber

White pine has flexible, blue-green needles that are grouped in fascicles of five. Each year, branches originate from the terminal growing tip (whorled pattern) giving the tree a distinctive appearance of layers of branches. The distance between successive whorls represents one year of growth. In forested settings, white pine grows rapidly on good sites, exceeding 100 feet in height and averaging 2 to 3 feet in diameter. The trunk is usually straight with a pyramidal crown. White pine is capable of attaining ages of 200 years.

White pine was extensively used in construction when old-growth white pine forests were abundant. …

Does Elevated Nitrogen And Sulfur Deposition Lead To Net Base Cation Losses In Northern New England Forest Soils?, Ivan J. Fernandez, Stephen A. Norton, Jeffrey Kahl, Lindsey E. Rustad

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

The aims of this research are to continue treatment and monitoring of a paired watershed experiment at Bear Brook in northern Maine, with an emphasis on changes in soil base cations, particularly calcium. Base cation depletion is well-recognised as a potential problem in soils that have been subjected to acidic N deposition but few data exist from well-controlled, long-term experiments. The Bear Brook watershed has been periodically treated with ammonium sulfate since the fall of 1989 and is believed to be approaching N saturation. Since 1993 the relationship between base cations and strong acid anions has changed, such that labile …

Development Of A Photoinitiator Blend For Uv Cured Inks And Coatings, Madhu Bansal

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study is to develop a new standard blend of photoinitiators, having properties of low odor, high solubility, faster curing, and being efficient for pigmented as well as for clear systems. In the process, we expect to understand the behavior of mixtures of photoinitiators and their resulting UV spectra. An important first step is to prepare different blend with different photoinitiator and characterize them on cure basis. Curing properties were studied by the KMnO₄ yellow stain density test. The absorption range in the UV spectra was measured for each Photoinitiator with methanol and acrylate as background …

Planning For Multi-Purpose Riparian Management, Gary Bentrup, Mike Dosskey, Kelly Klenke, Tim Leininger, Michele Schoeneberger, Gary Wells

USDA Forest Service / UNL Faculty Publications

Proper riparian management can provide numerous environmental, social, and economic benefits. At the USDA National Agroforestry Center, we are tailoring the land-use planning process to facilitate riparian management in the Western Corn Belt ecoregion for multiple benefits. This planning framework integrates regional, landscape and site scale planning approaches into a unified framework. In this framework, regional and landscape-scale public issues are addressed along with site-scale landowner objectives to facilitate balanced management plans providing broad mutual benefits. Our question-driven framework provides general guidance for inventory and analysis, preparation of planning objectives, and development and evaluation of management options. To support the …

Effects Of Fertilizer And Herbicide Application On Nantucket Pine Tip Moth Infestation (Lep., Tortricidae), David L. Kulhavy

Faculty Publications

A study of fertilizer and herbicide e}ects on Nantucket pine tip moth (NPTM), Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock) infestations was conducted in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L) plantations in Nacogdoches Co. Texas from 0877 to 0878. Both fertilizer and herbicide applications had effects on NPTM infestation level, pupal weight and host tree oleoresin production. Nitrogen fertilization increased infestation levels, whereas, phosphorus applications tends to decrease infestation rate. Herbicide treatment had a negative effect on NPTM infestations possibly because of decreased moisture stress and increased tree vigour. This is in contrast to general observations of increased NPTM infestations associated with reducing competing …

Meeting Minutes, June 14th, 2000, National Smokejumper Association Board Of Directors

National Smokejumper Association Meeting Minutes

Agenda: Meeting was called to order.; Minutes.; NEW BUSINESS; proposal to develop and sell a yearbook to smokejumpers.; Membership Report.; Treasurer's Report.; Website Report.; Smokejumper Magazine.; Merchandising Report.; Reunion Committee Report.; Bylaws Committee Report.; Video Committee report.; Executive Committee, once a year, review all outstanding contracts.; History Committee report.; NEW BUSINESS; An association Loan Policy was discussed.; Long Range Planning report.; Election results.; Number of Board members was discussed.; the death of an Alaska Jumper, Dave Liston.; Work Plan for 2000-2001.; Meeting adjourned.;

An Investigation Into The Influence Of Common Fillers On Color Reversion Of Bctmp Pulp, Joseph N. Mikowski

Masters Theses

Recent advances in the pulping and bleaching of high-yield pulps, particularly bleached thermomechanical pulp, have made these pulps suitable replacements for bleached kraft pulps. Unfortunately, these high-yield pulps are not appropriate for making high-grade papers because of their tendency to yellow. Extensive efforts have been made to reduce the yellowing, but none of the methods that have been investigated have been at once both practical and economical.

This study investigated the ability of common pigments used in the paper industry to reduce the extent of yellowing of an 80/20 blend of bleached chemithermomechanical and bleached softwood kraft pulp. The effectiveness …

Cutting Your Timberland Taxes, May 19-20, 2000, Arthur Temple College Of Forestry And Agriculture

eBooks

No abstract provided.

Working Trees For Treating Waste: A Natural Alternative For Using Nutrients From Livestock And Farm Operations, Municipalities, And Industries

Working Trees (USDA-NAC)

Excess nutrients and other chemicals from agricultural, municipal, and industrial operations impact surface and ground water quality. Plant science and engineering have combined forces forming a natural partnership between treating waste and growing trees. The technology of putting fast growing trees to work recycling nutrients from solid and liquid waste is available and increasingly being adopted. This waste treatment approach has emerged as an alternative to other more expensive treatment technologies, such as constructed treatment plants.

A Survey Of The Macroscopic Fungi Of The Lula Lake Land Trust, Jocelyn M. De Guzman

Honors Theses

I conducted a survey of the macroscopic fungi in an area designated as Chestnut Orchard #1 of the Lula Lake Land Trust from May 29, 1999 to March 8, 2000. The purpose of the survey centered on making a comprehensive list of the fleshy fungi to serve as baseline data of the fungal diversity contained on this experimental chestnut plot. The fieldwork resulted in a collection of 139 sporocarp specimens, comprising 17 families, 38 genera, 63 species and, as of yet, approximately 30 unidentified specimens. Some of the specimens collected were also determined to be edible, thus offering a possible …

An Investigation Of The Cone And Seed Insects Of Whitebark Pine And Alpine Larch Emphasizing The Western Conifer Seed Bug (Hemiptera: Coreidae) And The Larch Cone Fly (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), Laurel K. Anderton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Laboratory and field feeding tests with Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann proved that both immature and mature seed bugs can use cones and foliage of whitebark pine, Pinus albicaulis Engelmann, as a food source for 1- to 2-week periods. Damage to unprotected whitebark pine cones by seed bugs ranged from 0.3 to 2.1 % of seeds per cone, and for bagged cones averaged 0.7% of seeds per cone. Total insect damage ranged from 0.4 to 7.2% of seeds per cone. A seed chalcid, Megastigmus sp., was documented for the first time on whitebark pine and damaged 4.7% of examined seeds at one …

Integrating Liana Abundance And Forest Stature Into An Estimate Of Total Aboveground Biomass For An Eastern Amazonian Forest, Jeffrey J. Gerwing, Damiao Lopes Farias

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study provides an estimate of aboveground live biomass for an intact eastern Amazonian forest. An allometric regression biomass equation was developed to estimate the aboveground biomass of live lianas. This equation, together with a previously published equation for trees, was then used to estimate the contributions of lianas and trees to the total biomass of forest patches in four stature classes: gap (openings in the canopy of at least 25 m2 with the dominant vegetation < 3 m high), low (3±15 m canopy height), medium (15±25 m canopy height), and high (> 25 m canopy height). Total stand-level biomass was estimated as the weighted average of the stature classes. In 130 ha of surveyed forest, forest …

Meeting Minutes, April 8th, 2000, National Smokejumper Association Executive Committee

National Smokejumper Association Meeting Minutes

Agenda: Meeting called to order.; Minutes.; Treasurer's Report.; Membership Report.; Website.; Newsletter.; Merchandising.; OLD BUSINESS; Base Liaison.; By-Laws.; Elections.; Missoula Office.; Estate Planning.; NEW BUSINESS; Video Showing.; Tri-motor and Trails.; History Committee.; Draft agenda for the June Meeting of the Board.; Short Term Planning.; Long Range Planning.; Credit Card Service.; Steve Smith.; Membership Roster.; Position Descriptions.; Adjourn.;

Waterbreaks: Managed Trees For The Floodplain, Douglas C. Wallace, Wayne A. Geyer, John P. Dwyer

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Historically, many of the natural woody ecosystems that were once present in floodplains across the country have been highly altered or removed. Land clearing has resulted in the loss of woody vegetation, even in areas adjacent to streams and rivers. With these alterations, came extensive flood management commitments to compensate for the loss of naturally functioning floodplains and for the protection of towns, roads, and agricultural fields. However, even with the best available flood management techniques, when rivers decide to flood - they will, often with devastating consequences. Strictly from a social and an economic standpoint, allowing the floodplain to …

From Pine Forest To A Silvopasture System, Terry Clason, James L. Robinson

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Agroforestry systems hold the potential for land users to realize diverse income-generating possibilities from the same acreage, as well as meet environmental goals. Silvopasture systems are agroforestry systems that incorporate the production of forage and/or livestock with the growing of trees for a timber product. The silvopasture system can be developed from a pasture system with the trees incorporated into the open fields or it can be developed from a forest plantation with the forage incorporated into the plantation following a thinning to reduce tree canopy.

Wastewater Management Using Hybrid Poplar, Gary A. Kuhn

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Hybrid poplars are rapidly growing trees that are well suited to use agricultural, industrial, and community wastewater. They are being used as an alternative to expensive wastewater treatment systems, and methods which apply wastewater to annual crops or pasture. The trees serve a dual purpose as a nutrient sink for wastewater use and as a means to produce a short-rotation harvested wood product which helps offset the cost of installation and maintenance.

Planning tree wastewater use systems requires both agroforestry and engineering expertise. Omission of either in the planning process can lead to disappointing results and reduced benefits. This Agroforestry …

De Un Bosque De Pino Hacia Un Sistema Silvopastoril, Terry Clason, James L. Robinson

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

Los sistemas agroforestales ofrecen el potencial a los usuarios de tierras de analizar las posibilidades de generar ingresos por venta de diferentes bienes o artículos, producidos en un mismo predio de terreno, a la misma vez que se obtienen beneficios ambientales. Los sistemas silvopastoriles, son sistemas agroforestales. Éstos sitemas se componen de árboles, forrajes y ganado. Un sistema silvopastoril puede desarrollarse a partir de un predio en pastos o de un bosque al que se le incorporan forrajes. El bosque deberá ser manejado de manera que permita la entrada de luz solar para el crecimiento del forraje.