Forest Sciences Commons^™

The Ecotourism Equation: Measuring The Impacts, Elizabeth Malek-Zadeh

Yale School of the Environment Bulletin Series

No abstract provided.

Four-Year And Seasonal Patterns Of Herbaceous Layer Development In Hardwood Stands Of The Fernow Experimental Forest, Parsons, Wv, Anne Wallace Hockenberry

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study described patterns of herbaceous layer characteristics in watersheds of the Fernow Experimental Forest (FEF) in Parsons, WV. The purpose of this study was to examine four-year and seasonal patterns of change in herb layer species composition, cover, and richness within three stands of mixed hardwood forest. Sampling was conducted within seven circular plots (0.04 ha) in each of three watersheds of the FEF: WS3 (24-yr-old stand, previously clear-cut, receiving experimental nitrogen additions), WS7 (24-yr-old stand, previously clear-cut and treated with herbicide), and WS4 (>85-yr-old stand, untreated, control). All vascular plants~ lm in height were identified to species …

Project Report No. 40, Influence Of Plantation Variables On Crown Height, Young-Jin Lee, J. David Lenhart

Informal Project Reports

A plantation management question ... Is it possible to estimate the distance from the ground to the first live branch of a planted pine tree? The Bast Texas Pine Plantation Research Project (ETPPRP) in a recent investigation addressed this question, and the answer was yes. An analysis of the ETPPRP data set produced equations to estimate crown height (the distance from the ground to the first live branch).

Wildlife Damage Management (Wdm) In The Northern Utah Adc District, United States Department Of Agriculture, Animal And Plant Health Inspection Service, Animal Damage Control

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Across the United States, wildlife habitat has been substantially changed as human populations expand and land is used for human needs. These human uses and needs often compete with wildlife which increases the potential for conflicting human/wildlife interactions. In addition, segments of the public strive for protection for all wildlife; this protection can create localized conflicts between human and wildlife activities.

The Use Of Speciality K-Flute As A Substitute For Common Grades Of Single Wall And Double Wall, Ron Pristash

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This study examines a new corrugated flute profile known as "K" flute. The purpose of the study was to show that K flute can maintain the same structural integrity and use significantly less paper. The main tests performed were tests for compression strength. Studying the results of compression testing, allows the designer to engineer the corrugated container to meet the performance level required. The study consists of two parts. The first part of the study examines the effect of an increase in caliper has on Edgwise Compression Testing (ECT). It was found that K flute tested 5% stronger than A …

Douglas-Fir Beetle, Richard F. Schmitz, Kenneth E. Gibson

The Bark Beetles, Fuels, and Fire Bibliography

The Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsuqae Hopk.) infests and kills Douglas-fir throughout most of its range in western United States British Columbia and Mexico. Occasionally western larch trees are infested when growing among Douglas-fir under attack. Attacks in standing larch are always unsuccessful, while those in freshly felled larch are usually successful and brood emergence is equivalent to that in Douglas-fir. Douglas-fir beetles normally kill small groups of trees, but during outbreaks 100 tree groups are not uncommon (fig. 1). Losses can be devastating during periodic outbreaks, such as four that occurred in western Oregon and Washington from 1950 through 1969, …

Variation In Selection Of Microhabitats By Merriam's Turkey Brood Hens, Mark A. Rumble, Stanley H. Anderson

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

We studied microhabitats of Merriam's turkey (Meleagris gallopavo merriami) brood hens in a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) ecosystem in South Dakota from 1986 to 1988. Cluster analysis indicated three groups of microhabitats, open-shrub, open-grass/forb and forest, based on vegetation characteristics at sites selected by brood hens. Poults of brood hen that selected open-shrub microhabitats were younger than those that selected forest microhabitats. Open-shrub and open grass/forb microhabitats had high herbaceous cover. Herbaceous vegetation provides habitat for invertebrates required in diets of poults and was selected by brood hens for feeding. Brood hens selected forest microhabitats more …

Patterns Of Soil Nitrogen Dynamics In A Central Appalachian Hardwood Forest Ecosystem, Bradley Michael Yurish

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Increasing awareness of the potential effects of acidic deposition prompted a watershed manipulation project at the Fernow Experimental Forest (FEF), West Virginia, in 1987. In this project, an acidifying agent, (Nf4)2S04 , was applied to an entire watershed to better understand ecosystem responses to simulated acid deposition in excess of ambient levels. In ecosystems receiving elevated N levels, increased soil N may contribute to soil acidification, lead to nutrient imbalances in plants, increase rates of nitrification, increase leaching of No3• and pollute surface waters. This study was designed to assess changes of three watersheds that received varied N inputs. The …

Effects Of Logging Slash On Aspen Regeneration In Grazed Clearcuts, Mark A. Rumble, Timothy Pella, Jon C. Sharps, Arthur V. Carter, J. Barry Parrish

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

In 1975, a quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) stand was clear-cut. Fencing and slash retention treatments designed to exclude or impede livestock-use were implemented. We evaluated the effects of these treatments on regeneration of aspen 19 years later. Leaving all slash was as effective as fencing for maintaining aspen regeneration and supported adequate density of saplings to meet recommendations for ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus). Shrub cover also was greater in treatments with slash and fencing. Unfenced treatments with slash less than 8 cm diameter retained, did not differ statistically from fenced treatments, but did not support adequate …

Atta Texana, Texas Leaf-Cutting Ant, On Typic Quartzipsamments: Ecological Considerations, David L. Kulhavy, W. G. Ross, R. R. Cahal Iii

Faculty Publications

Pine plantations on Typic Quartzipsamments in East Texas are difficult to establish. Forest management options following clearcutting are limited. An 8-year regeneration study of the growth and survival of loblolly, Pinus taeda, L. shortleaf, P. echinata Mill., slash, P. elliotii Engelm and longleaf pines P. palustris Mill. was conducted to determine optimum tree species and treatments for reforestation, and to recommend practical alternative land uses and management strategies for Typic Quartzipsamments. Successful regeneration provides new opportunities for insects and pathogens. Impacts of the Nantucket pine tip moth, R}iyacionia frustrana (Comstock), the Deodar weevil, Pissodes nemorensis, Germar, Annosus root rot, Heterobasidion …

Predicting Survival Of East Texas Loblolly And Slash Pine Plantations Infected With Fusiform Rust, J. David Lenhart, A. Beth Vaughn, Adams D.E.

Faculty Publications

Repeated measurement during 1982-1992 of East Texas Pine Plantation Research Project permanent plots in loblolly( Pinus taedaL .) and slash( Pinus elliottii Engelm.) pine plantations throughout East Texas were used to develop equations for predicting the future number of trees per acre. A typical condition of East Texas pine plantations is the incidence of fusiform rust( Cronatrium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme). A regression procedure for fitting nonlinear systems of equations was used to fit survival models that considered the possibility that trees with no rust galls on the stem could either (1) remain uninfected and alive, …

Red-Cockaded Woodpecker Nesting Success, Forest Structure, And Southern Flying Squirrels In Texas, Richard N. Conner, D. Craig Rudolph, Daniel Saenz, Richard R. Schaefer

Faculty Publications

For several decades general opinion has suggested that southern flying squirrels (Gluucomys volans) have a negative effect on Red-cockaded Woodpeckers (Picoides borealis) through competition for cavities and egg/nestling predation. Complete removal of hardwood trees from Red-cockaded Woodpecker cavity tree clusters has occurred on some forests because southern flying squirrel abundance was presumed to be associated with the presence and abundance of hardwood vegetation. In some locations, southern flying squirrels have been captured and either moved or killed in the name of Red-cockaded Woodpecker management. We determined southern flying squirrel occupancy of Red-cockaded Woodpecker cavities in loblolly (Pinus taeda)-shortleaf (P. echinata) …

Red-Cockaded Woodpeckers And Silvicultural Practice: Is Uneven-Aged? Silviculture Preferable To Even-Aged, D. Craig Rudolph, Richard N. Conner

Faculty Publications

The endangered red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) has become a high-profile management issue in the southeastern United States. Suitable habitat consists of mature to old pine, or mixed pine-hardwood forest, with minimal hardwood midstory vegetation. Loss of habitat, detrimental silvicultural practices, and changes in the fire regime have resulted in small fragmented populations, most of which have been declining precipitously in recent decades (Costa and Escano 1989, Conner and Rudolph 1989). The current population of l0-12 thousand birds occurs across much of the original range from Virginia and Florida west to Oklahoma and Texas (James 1995). However, populations are restricted to …

Deer Use Of Riparian Zones And Adjacent Pine Plantations In Texas, Micah L. Poteet, Ronald E. Thill, R. Montague Whiting Jr., R. Lee Rayburn

Faculty Publications

The authors monitored white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) use of riparian zones (RZ’s) and adjacent pine plantations of 3 age classes (young, 1 to 3 years old; intermediate, 5 to 7 years old; and older, 9 to 13 years old) using radio telemetry for 2 years on a 1,300 ha study area near Alto, TX. Riparian zones comprised 22.0 percent of the area; young, intermediate, and older pine plantations comprised 19.1 percent, 45.7 percent, and 13.2 percent, respectively. Based on data from 4 to 9 deer the first year and 12 to 17 deer the second year, home ranges averaged 103, …

The Land Expectation Value Calculated In Timberland Valuation, T. J. Straka, Steven H. Bullard

Faculty Publications

Appraisers often use discounted cash flow (DCF) techniques to value timber and timberland. Land expectation value (LEV) is a standard DCF technique applied to many timberland situations. LEV calculates the value of bare land in perpetual timber production and is often used to value evenaged pine plantations. However, it is also useful in the valuation of immature timber stands and uneven-aged timber stands cut periodically. These models have wide applicability in timberland appraisal situations.

Rex ' 96 : An Expert Guide To Revegetation, David Bicknell

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Agriculture Western Australia has provided coordination and technical input to a powerful source of information on plants for Australian conditions. David Bicknell outlines some of its features and uses.

Farmers, local government, advisers and even gardeners often have trouble finding the right plant for the right place for a given purpose. Rather than spend a lot of time, money and effort looking through scattered sources of information, many people stick with a limited number of species year after year. This neglects plants that may be much better suited to the purpose, and also fails to develop Australia's huge range of …

"Vertebrate Pests Of Agriculture, Forestry And Public Lands" 1996 Annual Meeting

Western Region Coordinating Committee for Vertebrate Pests of Agriculture, Forestry, and Public Lands (WCC-95)

Tuesday, November 19

1:00-1:15 pm Welcome, Introductions, and Agenda Update Robert Schmidt, Committee Chair

1:15-1:30 Administrative Advisor Comments Dr. Grant Vest

Presentations:

1:30-2:00 Residue tests in rodent carcasses exposed to chlorophacinone from bait stations and hand broad casting: a simulated field trial. R. Baker

2:00-2:30 Comments on ReJeX-iT - results of a field trial on turf. R. Baker

2:30-3:00 Update on predator research at Hopland: toxic collars and guard animals. R. Timm

3:00-3:30 Break

3:30-5:00 Revision of EPA's vertebrate pest assessment guidelines. Bill Jacobs, Environmental Protection Agency

Wednesday, November 20

Presentations:

8 :30-9:00am Overview of project management at NWRC. R. …

Stand Hazard Rating For Central Idaho Forests, Robert Steele, Ralph E. Williams, Julie C. Weatherby, Elizabeth D. Reinhardt, James T. Hoffman, R. W. Thier

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Fire-Bgc--A Mechanistic Ecological Process Model For Simulating Fire Succession On Coniferous Forest Landscapes Of The Northern Rocky Mountains, Robert E. Keane, Penelope Morgan, Steven W. Running

Aspen Bibliography

An ecological process model of vegetation dynamics mechanistically simulates long-term stand dynamics on coniferous landscapes of the Northern Rocky Mountains. This model is used to investigate and evaluate cumulative effects of various fire regimes, including prescribed burning and fire exclusion, on the vegetation and fuel complex of a simulation landscape composed of many stands. Detailed documentation of the model FIRE-BGC (a FIRE BioGeoChemical succession model) with complete discussion of all model parameters is followed with results of an application of the FIRE-BGC to a whitebark pine landscape in the Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex. Simulation results of several management scenarios are …

Waste-Wood-Derived Fillers For Plastics, Brent English, Craig M. Clemons, Nicole Stark, James P. Schneider

Aspen Bibliography

Filled thermoplastic composites are stiffer, stronger, and more dimensionally stable than their unfilled counterparts. Such thermoplastics are usually provided to the end-user as a precompounded, pelletized feedstock. Typical reinforcing fillers are inorganic materials like talc or fiberglass, but materials derived from waste wood, such as wood flour and recycled paper fiber, are also effective as fillers. The goal of this project was to generate commercial interest in using waste-wood–paper-derived fillers (WPFs) to reinforce thermoplastics. The research strategy was twofold: developmental research and outreach. Specific objectives were (1) to improve wastepaper fiber preparation, feeding, and compounding methods, and optimize composite performance, …

The Possibilites Of The Utilization Of Waste Water Of Gemlik Fertilizer Inc In Agriculture, A. Vahap Katkat, Ahmet Özgümüş, Zeynal Tümsavaş, Nursen Çi̇l, Cihangir Korkmaz, Haluk Başar

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, the possibilities of the utilization of waste water of Gemlik Fertilizer Inc. in agriculture was investigated. With this aim, three-years field trials were carried out at the Experimental Farm of Agricultural Faculty, Uludag University. A considerable increase in the electrical conductivity of the soils irrigated with waste water was observed while ph of these soils was decreased. Although relatively lower tomatoe yields were obtained from the plots irrigated with only waste water, the yields obtained from the plots irrigated with normal irrigation water mixed with waste water at different rates were higher than those of the plots …

A Research On The Effects Of Fermentation Type And Additives On Quality And Preservation And Development Of Adequate Technique In Brined Vine-Leaves Production, Fikri Başoğlu, İsmet Şahi̇n, Mihriban Korukluoğlu, Vildan Uylaser, Arzu Akpinar

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Various processes were applied to vine-leaves (used in stuffed vine-leaves) to maintain their colour, taste and aroma. Lactic acid, citric acid or salicilic acid of 0.25 % each were added into brine for fermentation of Sultani, Alphons and Erenköy beyazi vine-leaves. Fermentations were carried out in two ways. First one was spontaneous fermentation but in the second one Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus were added in a rate of 3 % as starters. Colour, salt (%), pH, acidity (%), reduced sugar (%) analyses were carried out in fresh vine-leaves. Changes in the amount of salt (%), acidity (%), …

The Effects Of Different Doses Of Nitrogen And Plant Densities On Some Agronomic And Technologic Characteristic Of Lavender (Lavandula Angustifolia Mill.), Ayhan Ceylan, Emine Bayram, Nazan Özay

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The effects of different doses of nitrogen (0, 6, 12, 18 kg/da N) and various densities of plants (20x20, 30x30, 40x40, 60x60 cm) on the yield and quality traits of (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) were investigated in the experiment conducted for four years in under ecological conditions of Bornova. The quantity of Flores lavandulae was defined on average 234 kg/da in 1988, 286 kg/da in 1989, 142 kg/da in 1990, the density of plants increased the yield significantly in terms of statistical. Maximum yield was obtained at variation of 30x30 cm (11.100 plant/da). The essential oil rates ranged on average from …

Studies On Fruit Development And Cellular Morphology Of Quinces, Erdem Büyükkoca, İsmail Karaçali

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted to investigate the fruit development and cellular morphology of some quince cultivars selected in Ege Region of Turkey. During the developing period from fullbloom to harvest maturity, fruit diameter increased linearly but fruit weight followed in simple sigmoid curve. The dimensions of radial epidermal and tangential hypodermal cells increased at the same rate and 4-6 fold, isodiametric paranchymatic cells 7 fold. In mature fruit, they were 20-25 x 40-80 µm, 25-40 x 70-100 µm and 300 µm, respectively. The cell number on fruit flesh thicknes has increased from 40 to 110 in 6 weeks from fullbloom …

Relationship Between Clay Minerals And Potassium Statuses Of Sugar Beet Cultivated Area Soils Of Kastamonu And Amasya Sugar Factories, Nuri Munsuz, Gökhan Çayci, Mümtaz Ki̇bar, Nihat Akinci, İlhami Bayrami̇n, Kamil Erel

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, clay minerals and their relationships with potassium statuses of sugar beet cultivated area soils of Kastamonu and Amasya Sugar Factories were investigated. Research was carried out on ninety seven surface soil samples taken from Kastamonu and Amasya regions. As a conclusion, illite clay mineral which is the main resource of reserve potassium in soils was found less dominant than that of levels of smectite and kaolinite, particularly a drastic illite degradation was observed in Amasya region soils.

The Effect Of Different Cutting Stages And Seeding Rates On Forage And Seed Yields Of Narbonne Vetch (Vicia Narbonensis L.), A. Emin Anlarsal

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable seeding rate and cutting stage of Narbonne Vetch (Vicia narbonensis L.) for forage and seed production. This experiment was arranged as split plot design with three replications for forage production. Cutting stages (early bloom, middle bloom, beginning of podding) were main plots and seeding rates (16, 18, 20, 22, 24 kg/da) were considered as sub plots. Another experiment was arranged in Randomized blocks to determine the effect of same seeding rates on seed yield. Plant height, green froage yield and hay yield increased seeding rate. Hay yield decreased with …

The Effects Of Group Selection On The Characteristics And Use Of Cavity Trees And Snags, Mary Lynn Lambert

Masters Theses

I studied the effects of group selection tree harvest on the availability, composition, and use of cavity trees, snags and cavities in the Ozark Mountains of northwestern Arkansas. Sixteen plots dominated by oaks and hickories that were 70-102 years old were surveyed prior to harvest. Tree species, diameter, height and number of visible cavities were recorded. In addition, 192 cavity trees were marked for wildlife observations during the summer and winter. Subsequently, plots were harvested by commercial contractors to either 15 or 19 m²/ha basal area, using either free or structural control thinning methods. A complete survey of …

A Revision Of Discocarpus (Euphorbiaceae), Sheila M. Hayden, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

As revised here, Discocarpus is interpreted to consist of three neotropical species: D. essequeboensis Klotzsch, D. gentryi S. M. Hayden, which is described and named herein as new to science, and D. spruceanus Müll. Arg. One previously accepted name, D. brasiliensis Klotzsch ex Müll. Arg., is reduced to synonymy of D. essequeboensis. Lecto-types are proposed for the two species previously described. One species is newly excluded from Discocarpus, as are three others, following previous literature. Foliar anatomy is described with a focus on epidermal sclereids, which are shown to occur on both epidermides. Evidence presented supports close relationships …

Soldier's Guide To Wildlands Of Camp W. G. Williams, Thomas Hysell, Margaret Pettis

Aspen Bibliography

No abstract provided.

Toxicity Of Aspen Wood Leachate To Aquatic Life: Laboratory Studies, Barry R. Taylor, J. Stephen Goudey, N. Bruce Carmichael

Aspen Bibliography

Trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), a common hardwood tree throughout Canada, is being harvested at increasing rates for use in paper and building materials. Piles of aspen logs have been observed to produce a dark, watery, acutely toxic leachate. A laboratory study was undertaken to elucidate the nature, strength, and persistence of aspen leachate toxicity and the chemical composition of the leachate. Leaching from aspen chips in the laboratory was rapid, with 1% mass loss in the first 24 h. Another 2 weeks of immersion was necessary to remove all remaining leachable material (3% total)> Fresh aspen leachate derived …