Entomology Commons^™

Response Of Screwworms (Diptera: Calliphoridae) To Changes In The Concentration Of Blood, Egg, And Milk In The Larval Diet, David B. Taylor

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Larvae of screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), were reared on diets with varying concentrations of whole dried bovine blood, whole dried egg, and nonfat dried milk. Pupal weight, egg to pupal survival, adult emergence, sex ratio, fecundity, and fertility were significantly affected by one or more of the dietary components. Curvilinear models for the effect of dietary component concentration on life history parameters were derived by multiple regression. Most models resulted in bell-shaped curves that were used to calculate optimal diet component concentrations. Biomass, survival, emergence, and fecundity were maximized at 6% blood, 5% egg, and 1.3% milk.

Variation In Chromosome Length Among Five Biotypes Of The Greenbug (Homoptera: Aphididae), Z. B. Mayo, K. J. Starks, D. J. Banks, R. A. Veal

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Chromosome-length measurements from five greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), biotypes (B, C, E, F, and Maryland) were compared by discriminant analyses procedures. There were highly significant (P = 0.0001) differences in total lengths of chromosome sets among biotypes. In individual paired comparisons, where each biotype was compared with only one other biotype at a time, chromosome measurements correctly classified aphids to their respective biotype in 45-85% of the cases. Degree of correct classification was dependent on the two biotypes being compared and the discriminant function used in the analysis. Results indicate that there are two groups of biotypes that can be …

Variable Resistance To Homopterans In Rice Cultivars, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Rice-breeding programs in Asia have successfully provided farmers with cultivars that have genetic resistance to the major insect pests, including the leafhoppers and planthoppers. The widespread planting of resistant cultivars has resulted in the selection of hopper populations that have overcome the resistance factor(s) in the plant. Procedures to measure the degree and rate of selection for virulence on resistant cultivars have been developed, and rice-breeding strategies to increase the stability of hopper-resistant cultivars have been implemented.

Resistant cultivars have been widely and successfully used in Asia and Central and South America in the management of certain rice homopterans. Rice-breeding …

Comparison Of Two Gelling Agents For Screwworm (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Larval Diets, David B. Taylor

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A sodium polyacrylamide polyacrylate gelling agent, Water-Lock G-400, and a galactan polysaccharide agent, carrageenan, were compared for solidifying larval diets of the screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel). Water-Lock diet produced larger pupae with less larval mortality than did carrageenan diet. Pupae from larvae reared on the Water-Lock diet exhibited higher emergence and produced adults with higher fecundity. Water-Lock diet also produced larger larvae at 56 h after oviposition. Densities in excess of 300 mg of eggs (16,200 eggs) per liter of Water-Lock gelled diet did not increase larval yield but did reduce larval weight and survival.

Plant Age Effect On The Level Of Resistance Of Rice “Ir36” To The Green Leafhopper, Nephotettix Virescens (Distant) And Rice Tungro Virus, H. R. Rapusas, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Plant age of a moderately resistant rice cultivar, “IR36,” had a distinct effect on the level of Nephotettix virescens (Distant) resistance. Plants at 10 d after sowing (DAS) were preferred over those at 20, 40, or 60 DAS. N. virescens survival, growth index, and adult weight were higher on plants 20 DAS than on plants 40, 60, or 80 DAS. Although the total amount of honeydew excreted was similar for “IR36” plants of all ages, the reaction of honeydew on filter paper treated with bromocresol green indicated that feeding in the nutrient-rich phloem was highest on the younger plants. Tungro …

A Recapitulation Of The Genetics And Evolution Of Insect Biotypes On Cereals: The Case Study Of The Hessian Fly, C. Kudagamade, John E. Foster, Jaime E. Araya

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The host-specific nature of the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say) and its genetic interaction with the wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) plant results in the evolution of virulent biotypes. However, carefully planned deployment of resistant genes can delay the evolution of biotypes and maximize the stability of resistant genes. The usefulness of the Hessian fly-wheat interaction model in breeding for insect resistance in rice is discussed.

First Report Of A Parasitic Fly From A Red Imported Fire Ant Alate Female, Daniel P. Wojcik, D. P. Jouvenaz, C. S. Lofgren

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

A number of phorid flies are known to parasitize various life stages of bees and wasps, including reproductives (Kistner 1982). Several genera of phorids are known or assumed to be parasitic on worker ants but not on reproductives (Borgmeier 1963; Borgmeier and Prado 1975). Williams (1980) summarized the known data on phorids attacking and parasitizing fire ants sens. str., Solenopsis (Solenopsis) spp., in South America. To date, only one species is definitely known to parasitize fire ant workers, although other species are assumed to be parasitic on fire ants (Williams 1980). None of these species are present in the …

A Review Of Perlinella Banks (Plecoptera: Perlidae), Boris C. Kondratieff, Ralph F. Kirchner, Kenneth W. Stewart

Entomology Papers from Other Sources

The Nearctic stonefly genus Perlinella Banks is reviewed; three valid species are recognized. Perlinella drymo (Newman) and Perlinella ephyre (Newman) are widespread east of the Rocky Mountains, whereas Perlin ella zwicki, n. sp. (P. jumipennis of Zwick 1971), is restricted to the southeastern Coastal Plain. Perlinella jumipennis (Walsh) is replaced as a synonym of Perlinella ephyre. Keys for adults and nymphs are provided, and the nymph of P. zwicki is described for the first time. Male drumming calls of Perlin della drymo and Perlinella ephyre are described.

Comparison Of Gelled And Meat Diets For Rearing Screwworm, Cochliomyia Hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae), Larvae, David B. Taylor, Robert L. Mangan

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A liquid diet solidified with an acrylamide-acrylate polymer gelling agent (Water-Lock) was compared with a standard meat diet for rearing screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), larvae. Size and yield of larvae reared on gel diet were equal to, or greater than, those of larvae reared on meat diet. Duration of larval development was increased by ca. 13 h on gel diet; however, variability of pupal weight and larval survival over generations were reduced when gel diet was used. Larval size was also more uniform over the 3-d period when larvae leave the rearing medium to pupate (crawl-off). Gelled diet was more …

Host Plants (Except Rice) Of The Rice Leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis Geunee Reported In Literatures (1907·1983), R. C. Joshi, T. Wada, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The complex of rice leaffolder species, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee and Mararmia parnalis Bradley, hitheto considered as pests of minor importance, was observed by authors to cause severe damage to rice at the International Rice Research Institute, Philippines during 1983-84. It is significant to note that the damage symptoms for all leaffolder species are similar. In the past, the majority of the host plants reported for C. medinalis are based on field observation only (Table 1). Without rearing studies and subsequent taxonomic confinnation, it is possible that some of these records are due to the other less well-known leaffolders, …

Soil Applications Of Steinernematid And Heterorhabditid Nematodes For Control Of Colorado Potato Beetles, Leptinotarsa Decemlineata (Say), Robert J. Wright, Fernando Agudelo-Silva, Ramon Georgis

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Three strains of Steinernema feltiae Filipjev (All, Mexican, and Breton strains) and one of Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Khan, Brooks, and Hirschmann) were evaluated for their potential to control Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), larvae and pupae in the soil. In laboratory studies, H. heliothidis and S. feltiae (Mexican strain) produced the highest mortality (6 days posttreatment) of CPB when applied to the surface of a soil column containing mature CPB larvae 5 cm below. Mortality ranged from 80 to 90% at rates of 79-158 nematodes/cm². Similar results were seen in a field microplot study with all four …

A Study Of The Biology Of Rhopalosiphum Padi (Homoptera: Aphididae) In Winter Wheat In Northwestern Indiana, J. E. Araya, John E. Foster, S. E. Cambron

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Periodic collections of the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi, during two years revealed small populations on winter wheat in Lafayette, Indiana. The greatest numbers were found on volunteer wheat plants before planting. In the autumn, aphids were detected on one-shoot plants by mid-October and also early March. The populations remained small until mid-June. We conclude that the aphid feeding did not significantly affect the plants, but helped spread barley yellow dwarf virus.

Effects Of Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus On The Biology Of The Bird Cherry-Oat Aphid, Rhopalosiphum Padi (L.), J. E. Araya, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Diverse parameters of the life cycle of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), maintained on leaf sections of healthy or BYDV (PA V strain)·infected wheat and oat plants, were compared in the laboratory at 18 ± 1 C. The aphids reared on infected ",heat leaf sections had a shorter lifespan and adult Jife (P<= 0.05) than on uninfected wbeat (23.7 and 27.5 days for lifespan, and 17.9 and 21.4 days for adult life, respectively). Tbe BYDV-infection on wheat (cvs. 'Abe' and 'Caldwell') increased (P<= 0.05) the reproductive ability of the aphid from 73.9 to 78.1 nymphs per female (5.9 to 6.5 nymphs per day during the reproductive period). No significant dilTerences were detected when using oa15 (cvs. 'ClintIand 64' and 'Porter').

Aphid Feeding Behavior: Relationship To Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Resistance In Agropyron Species, Richard H. Shukle, David J. Lampe, Richard M. Lister, John E. Foster

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

The infectibility of various Agropyron species (wheatgrasses) was examined with respect to three isotates of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) by infesting them with appropriate vector aphids, followed by testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Feeding behavior of the vetors Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae was also electronically monitored to determine their ability to inoculate phloem. The results indicated that resistance to BYDV infection occurs in several Agropyron species. For most species tested. resistance seemed due to failure in virus increase. but in some species a major constraint on infection \\'as the inability of vectors to locate phloem. Two potential approaches …

Natural Enemies Of Rice Leaf Folder Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis (Guenée) —A Critical Review, R. C. Joshi, E. P. Cadapan, Elvis A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A chronological review of the biological control agents of rice leaf folder, Cnaphafalocrocis medinalis Guenée, including the stage of host attacked in different countries, their activity and suggestions for future.

The rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée, which was a pest of minor importance till the last decade, recently has assumed major importance in many rice ecosystem of Asia, the South Pacific Islands, Hawaii and Australia (Hirao, 1982). Increasingly frequent outbreaks of this pest (Table I) in recent years have been attributed to the introduction of modern rice technologies, namely: Continuous and overlapping cropping (Rajamma and Das, 1969); introduction of …

A Revision Of The Genus Brachycoryna (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Hispinae), C. L. Staines Jr.

Insecta Mundi

The generic name Brachycoryna was first published by Guerin-Meneville (1844) who at that time also described B. pumila which was the only included species (type species by monotypy). The locality data given by Guerin's material is "Carthagene" (Cartagena, Columbia). Guerin correctly receives authorship of Brachycoryna since a single .combined description of a new genus and new species published before 1930 is considered an "indication" for each name (Intern. Code 2001. Nomen., Article 12). Some authors (Weise, 1911 a,b; Papp, 1953) had assigned authorship to Baly (1885) who published the first generic description and reported B. pumila from Mexico, Guatemala, and …

A Preliminary Checklist Of The Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera) Of Maryland, C. L. Staines Jr.

Insecta Mundi

The only lists of Hydrophiloidae (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae, Helophoridae, Hydrochidae, and Hydraenidae) from the mid-Atlantic region are Ulke (1902) who reported 46 species from the District of Columbia and Matta (1974) who presented keys and short descriptions for the 49 aquatic species of Hydrophilidae of Virginia.

The following checklist records 103 species (75 aquatic) from Maryland. Comparable lists of aquatic species for other states are as follows: 53 species recorded from Florida by Young (1954); 20 species recorded from Ithaca, New York by Swenson (1982); 67 species from North and South Carolina by Brigham (1982); and 47 species from Illinois by …

Instructions For Producing Camera Ready Copy (Crc), Ross H. Arnett Jr.

Insecta Mundi

Papers submitted for publication in INSECTA MUNDI must be ready for page make-up. If the author(s) cannot produce CRC, the publisher will have the manuscript computer composed using typewriter style type with right hand margin justification. Charges for typesetting will be given when the manuscript is submitted.

Supplement I To E. C. Zimmerman, “Insects Of Hawaii” Vol. 7 (1958) Macrolepidoptera, J. C. E. Riotte

Insecta Mundi

This supplement concerns species of the family Sphingidae (pages 425-444) introduced to Hawaii since 1958 and now firmly established. The introductions are connected with the rapid growth of air traffic between Hawaii and SE Asia since the mid-1970s. Of special interest is the fast interisland colonization as reported in the HAWAII COOPERATIVE ECONOMIC INSECT REPORT (HCEIR), published by the State Department of Agriculture, Honolulu, HI until 1980, subsequently called HAWAII PEST REPORT.

Rearing Blister Beetles (Coleoptera, Meloidae), Richard B. Selander

Insecta Mundi

The receipt, recently, of several requests for information and assistance in rearing blister beetles (Meloidae) has prompted me to prepare the following account of the rearing method used in my laboratory. In order to make the account as useful as possible to new students. I have included a considerable amount of information on meloid bionomics. Larval phases are designated as triungulin (TI, first grub (FG), coarctate (C), and second grub (SG). Where necessary, instar is indicated by a numerical subscript. The pupa and adult are symbolized by P and A, respectively. 1 assume that the reader has some knowledge of …

A Catalog Of The Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) Of Hong Kong, Michael D. Hubbard

Insecta Mundi

This paper is a catalog of the Ephemeroptera known from the British Crown Colony of Hong Kong. It includes all known references for each species, along wit an indication of the type localities and depositions of type specimens. For each reference the stage (male, female, or nymph) is indicated if relevant. Keys which include the species also are indicated. The recorded distribution for each species is listed. For each genus are given the reference to the original description, information on the type species, and any synonyms.

A North Florida Ant Fauna (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Clifford Johnson

Insecta Mundi

This paper updates and summarizes the ant fauna of Alachua County, Florida, with two basic objectives. The first objective is presentation of a current, documented check-list consistent with existing taxonomy and an insight on species groups where taxonomic changes are likely in subsequent revisions. The second objection objective seeks to identify changes in the fauna since Van Pelt’s pioneer survey of 1948, and provide a basis for similar comparisons in the future.

The county consists of 902 square miles in north-central Florida and embraces essentially all inland habitats of the northern peninsula. This rich habitat variability is reflected in its …

Diplocentrus Colwelli, A New Species Of Scorpion From Northern Mexico (Diplocentridae), W. David Sissom

Insecta Mundi

Presently, only a single species of the genus Diplocentrus is known from northeastern Mexico, D. whitei (Gervais) (Hoffman 1931 ). This species is dark brown to black and is quite large, with adults 65-75 mm long. Recent collecting in the mountains near Monterrey and El Potosi, Nuevo Leon, Mexico has revealed the presence of a much smaller, more lightly-colored species. The description of this new species is the subject of the present paper.

Nomenclature and mensuration essentially follows that of Stahnke (1970), with the following exceptions: carinal terminology and cheliceral measurements are after Francke (1975, 1977) and trichobothrial terminology is …

Bibliography Of The World Literature Of The Bethylidae (Hymenoptera: Bethyloidea), Bradford A. Hawkins, Gordon Gordh

Insecta Mundi

The Bethylidae are a primitive family of aculeate Hymenoptera which presently consists of about 2,200 nominal species. They are worldwide in distribution and all species are primary, external parasites of Lepidoptera and Coleoptera larvae. Due t o their host associations, bethylids are potentially useful for the biological control of various agricultural pests in the aforementioned groups. Unfortunately, the true potential of bethylids in applied biological control cannot be ascertained now because they have been used infrequently. Some species show strong promise, but t h e i r use is handicapped by a relative lack of basic taxonomic and biological knowledge. …

New Species Of The American Genus Adelphe Mocsary (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae), Lynn Siri Kimsey

Insecta Mundi

Fourteen new species of Adelphe are described, from several Caribbean islands, Central and South America.

Stings Of Ants Of The Tribe Pheidologetini (Myrmicinae), Charles Kugler

Insecta Mundi

The definition of the Tribe Pheidologetini in the ant subfamily Myrmicinae has always been problematic. Emery (1922) erected the tribe to contain the genera Pheidologeton, Oligomyrmex, Aneleus, Lophomyrmex, Trigonogaster, Ekebomyrma, Carebara and Paedalgus, but Wheeler (1922) put all these genera in the Solenopsidini. Neither Emery nor Wheeler satisfactorily defined either tribe. More recently, Ettershank (1966) proposed the “Pheidologeton genus group” composed of Pheidologeton, Oligomyrmex (including most Aneleus) , Lophomyrmex, Carebara, Paedalgus and Anisopheidole, but still uncertainty remains as to relationships of these genera and even the definitions of the genera themselves. New characters and new means of analysis are needed …

Anzora And Dworena, Two New Genera Erected For Australian Species Formerly Placed In Paratella And Sephena. (Homoptera: Fulgoridae), John T. Medler

Insecta Mundi

The genera Paratella and Sephena were established by Melichar (1902) for complexes of species having distribution principally in New Guinea. However, three of Melichar’s new species of Paratella, i.e., fumaria, fusconigra and modesta, were known only from localities in Australia and/or New Zealand. Kirkaldy (1906) described Sephena argue, cinerea and rubida from specimens collected in Australia. He commented that they had the appearance of Paratella while having the characters of Sephena assigned by Melichar.

Melichar (1923) and Metcalf (1957) each retained the above named species in Paratella and Sephena The type specimens of the species named above were examined in …

Temporal Constancy In Grasshopper Assemblies (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Anthony Joern, Kenneth P. Pruess

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

1. Temporal constancy in the structure of grasshopper assemblies (about forty-five species each) from two types of North American grasslands was assessed; one site was followed 25 years and the other 7 years.

2. Densities and relative abundances varied but composition of assemblies based on ranks suggested significant structure when three or more species were included in the analysis.

3. Results compared favorably with other insect herbivore assemblies which have been examined; variability in population change was intermediate along the spectrum of organisms which have been studied.

A New Thecline From Sulawesi (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae: Theclinae), Lee D. Miller, Jaqueline Y. Miller

Insecta Mundi

A number of years ago we received a large lot of material collected by Robert G. and Clo M. Wind during their 1939-1940 expedition to the “East Indies” and published on the Danaidae and Satyridae of that trip (L. and J. Miller, 1978). One of the insects that the Winds considered to be of special significance was a male of a thecline that Bob Wind had intended to describe for his then wife. Both Bob and Clo asked us to describe the butterfly, but before we had an opportunity to describe the insect both Bob and Clo died. We now …

Allotype Description Of The Male Scale Sclerococcus Chilensis (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Asterolecaniidae), P. L. Lambdin

Insecta Mundi

Descriptions of species in the genus Sclerosococcus are primarily based on the female morphology (McKenzie 1958, Lambdin 1980). The lack of descriptions for males is attributed to their brief seasonal appearances (lasting only a few hours) and their small size that makes collection of adult specimens difficult. As a result, adequate descriptions for only a few males of Asterolecaniidae are available for comparisons. Of those species where males are known, most descriptions are of the tests or general morphological aspects (Russell, 1941). The most comprehensive descriptions for adult males in the family were provided for Asterolecanium proteae (Giliomee 1968) and …