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Articles 3781 - 3810 of 4226
Full-Text Articles in Entomology
Voltinism And The Induction Of Aestival Diapause In The Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa Decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Maurice J. Tauber, Catherine A. Tauber, John J. Obrycki, Brian Gollands, Robert J. Wright
Voltinism And The Induction Of Aestival Diapause In The Colorado Potato Beetle, Leptinotarsa Decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Maurice J. Tauber, Catherine A. Tauber, John J. Obrycki, Brian Gollands, Robert J. Wright
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Field studies over 3 yr demonstrated that overwintering populations of the Colorado potato beetle in upstate New York and on Long Island are composed of adults from both the first and second summer generations. The two populations from the climatically different regions differ in their responses to environmental factors that influence voltinism. The critical photoperiod for aestival diapause induction is longer, and the induction of diapause by low temperature is greater, in the population from the cooler, inland locality (upstate New York) than in the population from the warm coastal area (Long Island). Under the long days of early summer, …
Use Of Radiography In Behavioral Studies Of Turfgrass-Infesting Scarab Grub Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), M. G. Villani, Robert J. Wright
Use Of Radiography In Behavioral Studies Of Turfgrass-Infesting Scarab Grub Species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), M. G. Villani, Robert J. Wright
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
The behavior of turfgrass-infesting scarab grubs in response to soil physical properties may affect the stress that each species exerts on turfgrass and the efficacy of control tactics. To gain a more realistic picture of the events that occur within the soil matrix, we have developed a nondestructive X-ray technique to study soil insect movement and behavior in simulated and natural soil blocks in the laboratory Laboratory studies using this technique were done to determine the effect of some soil physical factors on scarab grub movement patterns. Species-specific differences were demonstrated in the responses of four scarab grub species (Japanese …
Focality And Mobility Of Some Peridomestic Cockroaches In Florida (Dictyoptera: Blattaria), Richard J. Brenner
Focality And Mobility Of Some Peridomestic Cockroaches In Florida (Dictyoptera: Blattaria), Richard J. Brenner
Entomology Papers from Other Sources
The microhabitat distribution and activities of peridomestic cockroaches were examined (August to October 1985) at three sites in northcentral Florida to assess concentration, immobility, and accessibility of populations. Smokybrown cockroaches, Periplaneta fuliginosa (Serville), and Eurycotis floridana (Walker) accounted for at least 67% of cumulative recaptures at each site. Populations were strongly concentrated in palms, trees with treeholes, woodpiles, and (to a lesser extent) various mulches; salient differences were observed for each species, indicating a partitioning of resources. Recapture rates were high, averaging >62% over all three sites for females of both species; rates were significantly lower for males (P < 0.05), but still averaged >40%. …
Book Review: The Leafhoppers And Planthoppers, 1985, Frank W. Mead
Book Review: The Leafhoppers And Planthoppers, 1985, Frank W. Mead
Insecta Mundi
This book is composed of 19 chapters written primarily. by U.S. authors but enriched in 9 of the chapters by contributors from Great Britain, Egypt, Costa Rica, Colombia, and Italy. The chapters have sprung primarily from a symposium in honor of Dwight M. DeLong at the 1983 Entomological Society of America meeting in Detroit, Michigan. Practically all aspects of science concerning leafhoppers (Cicadellidae) and planthoppers (Fulgoroidea) are treated. The beginning chapters are on the life and contributions of Dr. DeLong and on the systematics and morphology of leafhoppers and planthoppers. Following that are a variety of contributions which utilized many …
Paederus, Sensu Lato (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): An Index And Review Of The Taxa, J. H. Frank
Paederus, Sensu Lato (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): An Index And Review Of The Taxa, J. H. Frank
Insecta Mundi
Generic, subgeneric, specific, subspecific, and inlra-subspecific names in Paederus (sensu lato) are compiled alphabetically with literature references, showing that 622 specific names stand in the literature as valid. Five replacement names are required due to homonymy: Paederus cumanus Frank [nom. nou. for Paederus bicolor Wendeler nec Olivier], Paederus sulawesi Frank [nom. nov. for Paederus melanocephlus Heller nec Fabricius], Paederus zairensis Frank [nom. nov. for Paederus orophilus Fagel nec Paederidus brunnescens orophilus (Fagel)], Paederus irianensis Frank [nom. nou. for Paederus litoreus Last nec Paederus littoreus Austin], and Oreopaederus manyemensis Frank [nom. nm. for Oreopaederus ater (Bernhauer) nec Paederidus rubrothoracicus ater (Eichler)]. …
A New Schizomus From The Indian State Of Maharashtra, With Additional Comments On Eyed Schizomids (Arachnida: Schizomidae), James C. Cokendolpher, W. David Sissom, D. B. Bastawade
A New Schizomus From The Indian State Of Maharashtra, With Additional Comments On Eyed Schizomids (Arachnida: Schizomidae), James C. Cokendolpher, W. David Sissom, D. B. Bastawade
Insecta Mundi
A new species of Schizomus is described from the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the fourth described schizomid to possess convex ocelli. New information is given regarding some old records attributed to S. cambridgei (Thorell), species inquirenda. The female spermathecae of S. bagnallii (Jackson) and S. biocellatus Sissom are described and illustrated, and other characters of the two species are discussed.
Generic Key To The Known Larvae Of The Cucujidae, Passandridae, And Silvanidae Of America North Of Mexico (Coleoptera), M. C. Thomas
Generic Key To The Known Larvae Of The Cucujidae, Passandridae, And Silvanidae Of America North Of Mexico (Coleoptera), M. C. Thomas
Insecta Mundi
Illustrated generic identification keys are presented to the known larvae of Cucujidae, Passandridae, and Silvanidae occurring in America north of Mexico.
Differential Susceptibility Of Japanese Beetle, Oriental Beetle, And European Chafer (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Larvae To Five Soil Insecticides, M. G. Villani, Robert J. Wright, P. B. Baker
Differential Susceptibility Of Japanese Beetle, Oriental Beetle, And European Chafer (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Larvae To Five Soil Insecticides, M. G. Villani, Robert J. Wright, P. B. Baker
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Efficacy of bendiocarb, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, ethoprop, and isofenphos was evaluated against last-instar larvae of European chafer, Rhizotrogus majalis (Razoumowsky), Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman, and Oriental beetle, Anomala orientalis Waterhouse, by incorporating insecticides into soil at one-half New York State recommended rates in a laboratory bioassay. Mortality was assessed at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 wk. The experiment was repeated three times with white grubs collected at different times and from different locations in New York. White grub species differed significantly in their response to some of the insecticides; European chafer was generally least susceptible. Diazinon provided high mortality …
Alternation Of Sex Ratio In A Partially Bivoltine Bee., Megachile Rotundata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), V. J. Tepedino, F. D. Parker
Alternation Of Sex Ratio In A Partially Bivoltine Bee., Megachile Rotundata (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), V. J. Tepedino, F. D. Parker
Entomology Papers from Other Sources
Data on offspring production by the alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata (F.), from three site-years were used to examine predictions of parental investment and sex ratio theory. In northern Utah, spring-emergent adults produce two types of offspring: those that develop directly to the adult stage and emerge in midsummer, and those that develop to the prepupal stage and enter diapause until the following year. For species with this kind of life cycle, it has been hypothesized that spring parents should bias their investment in summer emergent progeny towards females if spring males survive to participate in the summer mating. Results …
Entomogenous Nematodes As Biological Control Agents Of European Chafer And Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Larvae Infesting Turfgrass, M. G. Villani, Robert J. Wright
Entomogenous Nematodes As Biological Control Agents Of European Chafer And Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Larvae Infesting Turfgrass, M. G. Villani, Robert J. Wright
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
In laboratory studies, infective juveniles of Steinernema feltiae Filipjev (=Neoaplectana carpocapsae Weiser) (All strain) and Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Khan, Brooks & Hirschmann) were tested for their ability to control third-instar European chafer (EC), Rhizotrogus majalis (Razoumowsky), in soil at rates from 19.4-310.0 nematodes per cm2 of soil surface. H. heliothidis provided better control of EC larvae than S. feltiae over the range of rates tested. After 25 d, treatment with H. heliothidis provided 94% control of larvae at the lowest rate tested (19.4 per cm2). In a field test in turf against a mixed population of Japanese beetle, …
Tergissima And Femniterga, New Sister Genera Of Calycopis Scudder And Calystryma Field From The South Central Andes (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), Kurt Johnson
Insecta Mundi
Tergissima and Femniterga, new genera, are described from hitherto seldom sampled localities of 500- 1700 m. altitude in Salta, Jujuy and Tucuman provinces, Argentina. The new genera are allied to New World Calycopis and Neotropical Calystryma, but differ from the generic characters of these in having extreme terminoventrad development of the incised posterior cavity of the eighth abdominal tergite (Tergissima males, Femniterga, males and females), distinctive genitalic characters and forewing markings on males suggestive of secondary sexual brands. Morphology of the four genera is compared in detail. Four new species are described: T. mosconiensis, T. macphersoni, F. …
A New Subspecies Of Sandia Macfarlandi From The Sierra Madre Oriente Of Mexico (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), Kurt Johnson
A New Subspecies Of Sandia Macfarlandi From The Sierra Madre Oriente Of Mexico (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), Kurt Johnson
Insecta Mundi
Sandia m. madreoriente is distinguished from the nominate of monobasic Sandia which occurs from montane southwest Texas northwestward to northern New Mexico.
The Status Of The Names Clytus Horridus Leconte And Clytus Leucozonus Castelnau & Gory (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Richard L. Hoffman
The Status Of The Names Clytus Horridus Leconte And Clytus Leucozonus Castelnau & Gory (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Richard L. Hoffman
Insecta Mundi
Much of the confusion that has plagued the two species considered here originated from the failure of previous authors to examine pertinent type material. I made a special effort to examine types of as many names as readily available, and in addition appealed to a number of museums and individuals for the loan of (or information about) material of horridus and muricatulus in order to account for the range and variation of these taxa. C. horridus, although widely distributed, is by no means common and many - even large - collections have few if any specimens of it.
Material …
An Annotated Catalog And Summary Of Bionornics Of Blister Beetles Of The Genus Psalydolytta (Coleoptera: Meloidae), Richard B. Selander
An Annotated Catalog And Summary Of Bionornics Of Blister Beetles Of The Genus Psalydolytta (Coleoptera: Meloidae), Richard B. Selander
Insecta Mundi
Information on the taxonomy, anatomy, and bionomics of the species of Psalydolytta Peringuey is presented and summarized. Psalydolytta testaceoapicalis Pic, described from Guinea, is placed in the synonymy of P. cineracea (Maklin) (new synonymy). The genus has a disjunct Ethiopian-Indian distribution (42 species in Africa, 10 in India). Adults appear toward the end of the rainy season, are generally nocturnal, and feed largely on flowers and developing grains of wild and cultivated grasses. Adults attracted to lights are sometimes a nuisance because of their ability to produce blisters on human skin. The larva of the Indian P. rouxi (Castelnau) has …
A Revision Of The New World Species Of Cryptolestes Ganglbauer (Coleoptera: Cucujidae: Laemophloeinae), M. C. Thomas
A Revision Of The New World Species Of Cryptolestes Ganglbauer (Coleoptera: Cucujidae: Laemophloeinae), M. C. Thomas
Insecta Mundi
The New World species of Cryptolestes Ganglbauer are revised and keys, diagnoses, descriptions, and illustrations are provided for the 13 non-economic species. Six stored products species of the genus are also keyed and illustrated. Two species, Laemophloeus pubescens Casey and L. bicolor Chevrolat, are reassigned to Cryptolestes. Eight new species are described: C. dissimulatus (southwestern United States); C. dybasi (Florida); C. mexicanus (Mexico and Guatemala); C. capillulus (Brazil); C. spatulifer (Argentina); C. trinidadensis (Trinidad); C. ampiyacus (Peru); and C. calabozus (Venezuela). Cryptolestes uncicornis (Reitter) is revived from synonymy under C. punctatus (LeConte), C. schwarzi (Casey) is revived from synonymy …
Replacement Name For Mitoura Siva Rhodope Clench (1981) [Nec Godman & Salvin, 1887] (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), Kurt Johnson
Replacement Name For Mitoura Siva Rhodope Clench (1981) [Nec Godman & Salvin, 1887] (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), Kurt Johnson
Insecta Mundi
The extant holotype of Thecla rhodope G & S (Sonora, Mexico) is antonymous to characters attributed to the taxon by Clench. M. s. clenchi is described from Clench's Arizona study series; the status of T. rhodope is left unresolved.
A Key To Species Of The Genus Primeuchroeus And Descriptions Of New Species (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae), Richard M. Bohart
A Key To Species Of The Genus Primeuchroeus And Descriptions Of New Species (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae), Richard M. Bohart
Insecta Mundi
A key is given to 32 species of Primeuchroeus from the Australian, Oriental and Ethiopian Regions. New species are indiacus from India, and 6 species from Australia. The latter are cardaleae, commoni, gressitti, horningi, thorpi, and uqua.
Environmental Effects On Remating In Drosophila Melanogaster, Lawrence G. Harshman, Ary A. Hoffman, Timothy Prout
Environmental Effects On Remating In Drosophila Melanogaster, Lawrence G. Harshman, Ary A. Hoffman, Timothy Prout
Lawrence G. Harshman Publications
The effects of density and food on remating were investigated using Drosophila melanogaster. The frequency of remating was unaffected by density for some combinations of fly strains but was reduced at low relative densities for other combinations. Until females had used most of their stored sperm, remating was less likely when food was absent or contact with food was prevented. Food availability had little effect on the incidence of remating once stored sperm were depleted and had no effect on initial virgin mating frequency. This study indicates that environmental factors can have a substantial direct influence on the frequency …
A New Species Of Aphodius (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) From Nebraska, Brett C. Ratcliffe
A New Species Of Aphodius (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Aphodiinae) From Nebraska, Brett C. Ratcliffe
University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers
Aphodius gordoni Ratcliffe, new species, is described from the Sandhills of Nebraska. Its larval stages and life history remain unknown, but it may be a sand detritivore.
New Species And Distributions Of Neotropical Phileurini And A New Phileurine From Burma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), Brett C. Ratcliffe
New Species And Distributions Of Neotropical Phileurini And A New Phileurine From Burma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae), Brett C. Ratcliffe
University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers
Seven new species are described: Amblyoproctus boondocksius (Brazil), Eophileurus tetraspermexitus (Burma), Hemiphileurus insularis (Brazil), H. jarnesonae (Panama), Palaeophileurus brasiliensis (Brazil), P. marcusoni (Brazil), and Phileurus youngi (Panama). New distribution records are given for Arnblyoproctus piliger (Perty), A. torulosus Kolbe, Archophileurus elatus Prell, Goniophileurus femoratus Burmeister, Hemiphileurus punctatostriatus Prell, Phileurm valgus (Olivier), and Planophileurus planicollis (Chevrolat).
Steinernematid And Heterorhahditid Nematodes For Control Of Larval European Chafers And Japanese Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) In Potted Yew, Robert J. Wright, M. G. Villani, F. Agudelo-Silva
Steinernematid And Heterorhahditid Nematodes For Control Of Larval European Chafers And Japanese Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) In Potted Yew, Robert J. Wright, M. G. Villani, F. Agudelo-Silva
Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications
Four species of entomogenous nematodes [Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev) [=Neoaplectana carpocapsae Weiser] ('All' strain), S. glaseri (Steiner), Heterorhabditis heliothidis (Khan, Brooks & Hirschmann), and Heterorhabditis sp. ('Holland' strain)] were compared with two insecticides (chlorpyrifos and isofenphos) for control of third- (last-) instar larval Japanese beetles (Popillia japonica Newman) and European chafers [Rhizotrogus majalis (Razoumowsky)] in potted Japanese yew (Taxus cuspidate Siebold & Zuccarini). Efficacy was evaluated 17-21 d after treatment. Heterorhabditis sp. ('Holland' strain) at 92 nematodes per cm2 of soil surface and H. heliothidis at 192 nematodes per cm2 provided >90% control of …
Native American Plant Hosts Of Asphondylia Websteri (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Raymond J. Gagne, William M. Woods
Native American Plant Hosts Of Asphondylia Websteri (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), Raymond J. Gagne, William M. Woods
USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory
Asphondylia websteri Felt is reported for the first time from native American hosts, Parkinsonia and jojoba. Previously, this apparently native American gall midge was known only from alfalfa and guar, two species exotic to North America. Such a wide disparity of hosts is otherwise unknown for North American Asphondylia spp. This discovery excludes A. websteri from consideration as a biocontrol agent of Parkinsonia aculeata in Australia.
The Origin Of Chubutolithes Ihering, Ichnofossils From The Eocene And Oligocene Of Chubut Province, Argentina, Thomas M. Bown, Brett C. Ratcliffe
The Origin Of Chubutolithes Ihering, Ichnofossils From The Eocene And Oligocene Of Chubut Province, Argentina, Thomas M. Bown, Brett C. Ratcliffe
University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers
ABSTRACT-The distinctive trace fossil Chubutolithes gaimanensis n. ichnosp. occurs in Casamayoran (early Eocene) and Colhuehaupian (late Oligocene) alluvial rocks of the Sarmiento Formation in eastern Chubut Province, Argentina. Though known for nearly 70 years, its origin has remained obscure. Examination of new specimens and comparisons with modem analogs demonstrate that specimens of Chubutolithes represent the fossil nests of a mud-dauber (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae). Virtually identical nests are constructed today by mud-daubers in areas as disparate as southern Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, and Nebraska, confirming that quite similar trace fossils can be produced by several different taxa in a higher taxonomic clade. …
Spermiogenesis Of Eupyrene Sperm In Prepupae"} Pupae"} And Adults Of Heliothis Virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): An Ultrastructural Study, Leo E. Lachance, Geneva Olstad
Spermiogenesis Of Eupyrene Sperm In Prepupae"} Pupae"} And Adults Of Heliothis Virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): An Ultrastructural Study, Leo E. Lachance, Geneva Olstad
Entomology Papers from Other Sources
We have examined the ultrastructure of post meiotic eupyrene sperm maturation in testes of prepupae, pupae, and adult Heliothis virescens (F.) males. Emphasis was placed on the structures present in the elongating sperm tail. In each young spermatid, each cell has a nucleus, acrosome derivative, and numerous mitochondria in a large volume of cytoplasm. These mitochondria coalesce to form a body, the nebenkern. As the sperm cell begins to elongate, the nebenkern divides into two mitochondrial derivatives (MDs) of unequal size. The MDs have an outer and inner membrane, and as they elongate and coil in the sperm tail, cristae …
Revision Of The Schausi Group Of Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae), With A Discussion Of The Terminology Of The Female Terminalia In The Tephritoidea, Allen L. Norrbom, Ke Chung Kim
Revision Of The Schausi Group Of Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae), With A Discussion Of The Terminology Of The Female Terminalia In The Tephritoidea, Allen L. Norrbom, Ke Chung Kim
Entomology Papers from Other Sources
Monophyly of a group of four species of Anastrepha is proposed based on characters of the head and the male terminalia. The group includes A. schausi Aldrich; A. Jernandezi Caraballo; A. hermosa Norrbom, n. sp.; and A. bellicauda Norrbom, n. sp. Sexual dimorphism in these species is noted. A discussion of morphological terminology in the Tephritoidea, especially concerning female terminalia, is presented.
Descriptions Of Pupae Of South American Robber Flies (Diptera: Asilidae), D. Steve Dennisi, Lloyd Knutson
Descriptions Of Pupae Of South American Robber Flies (Diptera: Asilidae), D. Steve Dennisi, Lloyd Knutson
Entomology Papers from Other Sources
The pupae of four South American species of robber flies, Diogmites vulgaris Carrera, Mallophora ruficauda (Wiedemann), Mallophora sylverii Macquart, and Triorla striola (F.), are described and illustrated. The pupae of these species are compared morphologically with those of North American species of the same genera. A key to pupae of Asilidae at the subfamily level is provided. Biological notes associated with the specimens examined and with those of Pseudorus distendens (Wiedemann) indicate that the larvae prey upon immature stages of Scarabaeidae (Dyscinetus rugifrons LeConte for D. vulgaris and M. sylverii, Cyclocephala signaticollis Burmeister for M. ruficauda, and a …
Comparative Notes On The Biology And Development Of Epeolus Compactus Cresson., A Cleptoparasite Of Colletes Kincaidii Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae, Colletidae), P. F. Torchio, D. J. Burdick
Comparative Notes On The Biology And Development Of Epeolus Compactus Cresson., A Cleptoparasite Of Colletes Kincaidii Cockerell (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae, Colletidae), P. F. Torchio, D. J. Burdick
Entomology Papers from Other Sources
The biology of the nomadine bee, Epeolus compactus Cresson, is described based on composite notes taken from field, laboratory, and greenhouse studies of the host bee, Colletes kincaidii Cockerell. Details of Epeolus egg deposition are described and compared with other known noma dine bees. We document the release of a glandular secretion during egg deposition by E. compactus which dissolves the polyester host cell lining on contact. Late embryogenesis and hatching of Epeolus are described and adaptive features are discussed. The cleptoparasitic habits of the first instar are outlined, and anatomical differences expressed by various ins tars are compared. Methods …
The Origin Of Chubutolithes Ihering, Ichnofossils From The Eocene And Oligocene Of Chubut Province, Argentina, Thomas M. Bown, Brett C. Ratcliffe
The Origin Of Chubutolithes Ihering, Ichnofossils From The Eocene And Oligocene Of Chubut Province, Argentina, Thomas M. Bown, Brett C. Ratcliffe
University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers
The distinctive trace fossil Chubutolithes gaimanensis n. ichnosp. occurs in Casamayoran (early Eocene) and Colhuéhaupian (late Oligocene) alluvial rocks of the Sarmiento Formation in eastern Chubut Province, Argentina. Though known for nearly 70 years, its origin has remained obscure. Examination of new specimens and comparisons with modem analogs demonstrate that specimens of Chubutolithes represent the fossil nests of a mud-dauber (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae). Virtually identical nests are constructed today by mud-daubers in areas as disparate as southern Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, and Nebraska, confirming that quite similar trace fossils can be produced by several different taxa in a higher taxonomic clade. …
A Monograph Of The Genus Polyphylla Harris In America North Of Mexico (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae), Ronald M. Young
A Monograph Of The Genus Polyphylla Harris In America North Of Mexico (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae), Ronald M. Young
Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum (1924–2023)
The North American species of the genus Polyphylla Harris, 1841, are defined and revised for the first time since Fall (1928). All name bearing types were examined except those of P. oklahomensis Hatch and P. subvittata LeConte (synonyms of P. hammondl), which are lost. A lectotype is designated for P. gracilis Horn, and neotypes for P. decemlineata (Say), P. occidentalis (L.), and P. variolosa (Hentz). New synonyms of P. decemlineata are P. comstockiana von Bloeker, P. matrona Casey, and P. potsiana Casey. New synonyms of P. crinita …