Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology Commons^™

El Arbolado De Los Espacios Públicos Abiertos De La Zona De Monumentos Del Centro Histórico De La Ciudad De Puebla, Víctor Gutiérrez-Pacheco, Sonia Emilia Silva-Gómez, José Silvestre Toxtle-Tlamani, J. Santos Hernández-Zepeda

Estudios en Biodiversidad

Los conglomerados humanos, presentan espacios públicos abiertos (EPA´s), sobre todo arbolados, con funciones estéticas, sociales y ambientales. Se requiere información e indicadores con un enfoque ecológico, para que su atención descanse sobre una planeación documentada. Así, se pretende conocer la composición arbórea, su distribución y la biodiversidad en los Espacios Públicos Abiertos (EPA´s) de la Zona de Monumentos del Centro Histórico de la Ciudad de Puebla (ZMCHP). Por tanto, se contaron los especímenes, se ubicaron en los EPA´s y se identificaron. Para determinar la biodiversidad se aplicó el Índice de Diversidad de Shannon-Wiener (H´). En 25 EPA´s, se censaron 1,120 …

Presencia De Metales Pesados En La Reserva De La Biosfera Barranca De Metztitlán, Hidalgo, México, Irving Giovanny González-Salazar, Maritza López-Herrera, Scott Monks, Griselda Pulido-Flores

Estudios en Biodiversidad

La Reserva de la Biosfera Barranca de Metztitlán es un área natural protegida por la gran diversidad de flora y fauna existente en la misma. La zona es atravesada por un río de gran longitud que se extiende desde el municipio de Tulancingo hasta su desembocadura en la Laguna de Metztitlán, en la zona núcleo de la reserva. A lo largo del cauce del río se ubican algunos asentamientos humanos y zonas industriales, que vierten aguas residuales domésticas e industriales. Además, el agua del río es un recurso natural utilizado como agua de riego para las zonas agrícolas, que con …

Percepción De Calidad De Vida, Contaminación Y Riesgo En Localidades Rurales Del Municipio De Tecoanapa, Guerrero, Rocío López-Velasco, América Rodríguez-Herrera, Humberto González-González, Branly Olivier-Salomé, Consuelo Montalvo-Marques

Estudios en Biodiversidad

En el presente trabajo se realizó un análisis sobre la percepción de calidad de vida, contaminación y riesgo en nueve comunidades rurales del Municipio de Tecoanapa, Guerrero. Para ello, se seleccionaron nueve comunidades que cumplieran con tres aspectos: rezago social (muy alto, medio y muy bajo); ubicación (cerca de ríos); y vivencias en conflictos y embates ambientales. Se levantó una encuesta a jefes de familia en febrero de 2014. Registrando que el 70% de los habitantes afirmaron tener una buena calidad de vida. Al cuestionarlos sobre contaminación, el 59.9% consideró que si existe y está asociada al agua. El 52.0% …

Plantas Útiles De Tres Municipios (Metztitlán, Atotonilco El Grande Y Huasca De Ocampo) De La Reserva De La Biosfera Barranca De Metztitlán, Hidalgo, México, Miguel Ángel Villavicencio-Nieto, Blanca Estela Pérez-Escandón, Berenice N. López-Gutiérrez

Estudios en Biodiversidad

Existen muy pocos trabajos etnobotánicos realizados en la Reserva de la Biosfera Barranca de Metztitlán, por lo que el objetivo de este estudio fue generar un listado preliminar de plantas útiles de la Reserva. Se aplicaron entrevistas a habitantes de localidades ubicadas en la zona, para colectar las plantas útiles mencionadas se hicieron recorridos de campo en compañía de informantes, posteriormente las especies fueron identificadas con el uso de claves dicotómicas. Se registraron 83 especies de plantas útiles, distribuidas en 39 familias y 20 categorías de uso, siendo la medicinal la mejor representada por número de especies. Conocer el uso …

Decadal Scale Responses Of Soil And Ecosystem Processes To Forest Restoration In Rocky Mountain Conifer Forests, Peter Ganzlin

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Decades of fire suppression have left much of the forest in the intermountain western United States exceedingly dense, and forest restoration techniques – including thinning and prescribed fire – are increasingly being used in an attempt to mitigate the potentially disastrous effects of severe wildfire, to enhance tree growth and regeneration, and to stimulate soil nutrient cycling. While many of the short-term effects of forest restoration have been established, the long-term effects on soil biogeochemical and ecosystem processes are largely unknown. In this thesis I present two manuscripts documenting and synthesizing these long-term impacts. The first chapter focuses on the …

School Gardens: Cultivating A Child’S Nutritional Habits, Environmental Knowledge, And Sustainability Practices, Jeffrey Meltzer

Honors Theses

School gardens have existed since the late nineteenth century and today are becoming increasingly popular in many parts of the world, including where I studied in Maine and Australia (AUS). Multiple organizations support school gardens in Maine, including the Maine School Garden Network, which has over 125 registered school gardens. In AUS, the Stephanie Alexander Kitchen Garden Foundation primarily supports the school garden movement and has over 800 registered school gardens. While many researchers have studied school gardens, few have compared two countries, focused on environmental sustainability, or investigated Maine in particular. This thesis combines information from literature reviews, and …

Plant Functional Traits Of Dominant Native And Invasive Species In Mediterranean-Climate Ecosystems, Jennifer L. Funk, Rachel J. Standish, William D. Stock, Fernando Valladares

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

The idea that dominant invasive plant species outperform neighboring native species through higher rates of carbon assimilation and growth is supported by several analyses of global datasets. However, theory suggests that native and invasive species occurring in low-resource environments will be functionally similar, as environmental factors restrict the range of observed physiological and morphological trait values. We measured resource-use traits in native and invasive plant species across eight diverse vegetation communities distributed throughout the five Mediterranean-climate regions, which are drought-prone and increasingly threatened by human activities including the introduction of exotic species. Traits differed strongly across the five regions. In …

Striking The Balance: Challenges And Perspectives For The Protected Areas Network In Northeastern European Russia, Svetlana V. Degteva, Vasily I. Ponomarev, Sasha W. Eisenman, Vyacheslav Dushenkov

Publications and Research

Increasing anthropogenic pressure on the largest remaining tracts of old-growth boreal forest in Europe necessitates additional conservation of ecosystems and biodiversity in northeastern European Russia. In a regional network comprising 8 % of the Nenets Autonomous District and 13.5 % of the Komi Republic, 248 areas have varying protected statuses as state nature reserves (zapovedniks), national parks, reserves/sanctuaries (zakazniks), or natural monuments. Due to increased natural resource extraction in this relatively pristine area, designation of additional protected areas is critical for the protection of key ecological sites. The history of ecological preservation in these regions is herein described, and recent …

Nutrient Competition Between Algae And Juncus Effusus In The Lake Fayetteville Artificial Spiral Wetland, Toryn Jones, Thad Scott

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

There is insufficient research focusing exclusively on how nutrient competition between algae and wetland macrophytes affects the growth of these species. This study examined the relationship between nutrient concentrations (N and P), algal concentrations, and the growth of Juncus effusus. Juncus effusus growth in the Lake Fayetteville artificial spiral wetland was monitored over a four month period during the prime growing season. Eighteen plants were taken from the wetland and replanted in 1 of 6 treatments: plant-only, algae-only, combined, plant-only +supplement, algaeonly +supplement, or combined +supplement. The algae and combined environments received an inoculation of algae, and the +supplement treatments …

Helmintos Parásitos De Fauna Silvestre En Las Costas De Guerrero, Oaxaca Y Chiapas, México, Griselda Pulido-Flores, Scott Monks, Jorge Falcón-Ordaz, Juan Violante-González

Estudios en Biodiversidad

La costa sureste del Pacífico en México es rica en biodiversidad, en parte por la posición en la intersección de las corrientes oceánicas ecuatoriales. Sin embargo, los helmintos son un grupo de organismos que ha sido poco estudiado en la región y los registros están en diversas fuentes de información. El propósito de este trabajo es juntar todos los registros de las diferentes especies de hemintos en uno solo. Los registros publicados de helmintos parásitos de vertebrados de la zona incluyen 192 especies de Digenea, Monogenea, Cestoda, Acanthocephala, Nematoda e Hirudinea. Los Digenea son los mejor representados con 34 familias …

Revisión Bibliográfica De Algunos Términos Ecológicos Usados En Parasitología, Y Su Aplicación En Estudios De Caso, Christian Elizbeth Bautista-Hernández, Scott Monks, Griselda Pulido-Flores, Amado Erick Rodríguez-Ibarra

Estudios en Biodiversidad

Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de los términos ecológicos usados en parasitología, de acuerdo con Margolis et al. (1982), Esch et al. (1990), Bush et al. (1997), Bush et al. (2001) y Zander, (2001), que hasta 1982 era un conflicto en parasitología, ya que a que no existían conceptos establecidos para esta área del conocimiento, debido a que esta disciplina se enfocaba principalmente en investigaciones médicas. Aunado a esto, se incurría en conflictos con los conceptos ecológicos como hábitat, sitio, localidad entre otros de igual valor. Con base en lo anterior Margolis et al. (1982) propusieron el desarrollo de nuevos …

Revisión Del Uso De Céstodos Como Indicadores De Contaminación Por Metales Pesados En Mamíferos De Medios Terrestres, Jorge Falcón-Ordaz, Scott Monks, Griselda Pulido-Flores

Estudios en Biodiversidad

En México son pocos los estudios realizados con invertebrados para conocer la concentración de metales pesados en el ambiente, los primeros trabajos fueron realizados con organismos acuáticos. Sin embargo, la necesidad de conocer la contaminación ambiental en medios terrestres ha llevado a los investigadores a utilizar otras herramientas, por ejemplo los helmintos, que se utilizan como bioindicadores de contaminación ambiental basados en su capacidad de absorción, y concentración de contaminantes del medio en su cuerpo. El uso de bioindicadores es ventajoso y económico comparado con el análisis directo de contaminantes por que solo las fracciones que están biológicamente disponibles son …

Nuevos Registros Y Redescripción De Rhabdochona Xiphophori Caspeta-Mandujano, Moravec Y Salgado- Maldonado, 2001 (Nematoda: Rhabdochonidae) En El Estado De Hidalgo, México, Jorge Falcón-Ordaz, Scott Monks, Griselda Pulido-Flores, Christian Elizbeth Bautista-Hernández, Sarahi Hernández-Hernández

Estudios en Biodiversidad

Teniendo en cuenta la diversidad de los ecosistemas acuáticos en México y la infinita riqueza de especies de peces en el país, la lista actual de nemátodos parásitos de peces de agua dulce en México está incompleta. Hasta la fecha en México el género Rhabdochona se encuentra registrado como parásito en una amplia gama de familias de peces de agua dulce. El objetivo del presente trabajo es redescribir ejemplares de Rhabdochona xiphophori parásita de Xiphophorus malinche colectados de dos localidades del estado de Hidalgo y compararlos morfológicamente.

Importancia De Las Aves Ictiófagas Como Hospederos Finales De Helmintos, En Dos Lagunas Costeras Del Estado De Guerrero, México, Juan Violante-González, Griselda Pulido-Flores, Scott Monks, Agustín A. Rojas-Herrera, Miguel A. Melo-García, Sergio García-Ibáñez, Edgar León Esparza-Ibarra, Edvino Larumbe-Morán, Jonatan Carbajal-Violante

Estudios en Biodiversidad

Se examinó la composición y riqueza de comunidades de helmintos en tres especies de aves ictiófagas: Ardea alba, Nyctanassa violacea y Phalacrocorax brasilianus en dos lagunas costeras del estado de Guerrero, México. La helmintofauna estuvo constituida por 23 especies: 17 digéneos, un acantocéfalo, dos céstodos y tres nemátodos. Cinco especies (Ascocotyle longa, Mehrastomum minutum, Riberoia ondatrae, Southwellina hispida y Contracaecum multipapillatum) co-ocurrieron en las tres especies de aves de ambas lagunas. Los niveles de infección de un 50% de las especies identificadas, variaron significativamente entre las especies de aves y lagunas. A nivel componente, la riqueza de especies varió significativamente …

Evaluación De Las Infracomunidades De Tres Especies De Peces En Dos Localidades De La Huasteca Hidalguense, Christian Elizbeth Bautista-Hernández, Scott Monks, Griselda Pulido-Flores

Estudios en Biodiversidad

Uno de los problemas más severos y menos controlados en México es el gran número de especies introducidas en las cuencas del país, hecho que pone en peligro la existencia de muchas de las especies endémicas. Además, las especies introducidas pueden transportar sus parásitos, que con frecuencia afectan a las poblaciones de especies endémicas. Anteriormente se realizó un estudio de las comunidades de parásitos de tres especies de peces, dos endémicas y una exótica (Xiphophorus birchmanni, Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculata y Amatitlania nigrofasciata). En ese trabajo se realizó el análisis de éstas comunidades evaluándolas a nivel infracomunidad, además se calculó la caracterización …

Parasitofauna De Peces De Lagunas Costeras Del Estado De Guerrero, México, Juan Violante-González, Griselda Pulido-Flores, Scott Monks, Agustín A. Rojas-Herrera, Jaime Salvador Gil-Guerrero, Sergio García-Ibáñez, Jonatan Carbajal-Violante

Estudios en Biodiversidad

No obstante que los parásitos representan un porcentaje muy importante de la biodiversidad global a nivel mundial, en muchas ocasiones son excluidos de estudios con este enfoque, debido principalmente a que han sido considerados durante muchos años, como simples agentes causantes de enfermedad. A partir de los datos obtenidos de varios estudios parasitológicos de peces y aves, efectuados en algunas lagunas costeras del estado de Guerrero a lo largo de varios años, se presenta un análisis global de la riqueza de la parasitofauna de peces, en estos altamente productivos y complejos sistemas acuáticos. La parasitofauna total estuvo constituida por 66 …

The Functional Role Of Leaf Nutrients In An Old-Field Successional Community, Kirstin I. Duffin

Masters Theses

In functional ecology, traits that capture aspects of plant performance are used to understand how organisms interact with their environment. Leaf nutrients are an example of a functional trait that directly links to plant metabolic processes and therefore may describe plant assemblage dynamics. Multivariate leaf nutrient analyses may be used with other functional traits to understand ecological strategies because they are a direct measure of leaf metabolic processes and can describe nuances in plant allocation patterns. In this thesis, I explored (1) whether a suite of leaf nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium) was related to plant growth …

Registration Of ‘Newell’ Smooth Bromegrass, K P. Vogel, R B. Mitchell, B L. Waldron, M R. Haferkamp, J D. Berdahl, D D. Baltensperger, Galen Erickson, T J. Klopfenstein

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

No abstract provided.

A Molecular Framework Phylogeny For Ptilotus (Amaranthaceae), Timothy A. Hammer

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Ptilotus (Amaranthaceae) is an Australian genus with over 100 species, most of which occur in arid Western Australia. Ptilotus has been a taxonomically difficult genus; despite rigorous morphological studies into the genus over many years, previous workers have found it difficult to delimit infrageneric groups due to inconsistent morphological variation. With the goal to establish a phylogenetic framework for the genus, 100 taxa were sampled, including 87 Ptilotus spp., and the ITS nrDNA and matK cpDNA were sequenced. The phylogeny was reconstructed using Bayesian, maximum likelihood and maximum parsimony analyses on separate and concatenated datasets. Morphological characters were assessed and …

Warming, Competition, And Bromus Tectorum Population Growth Across An Elevation Gradient, Aldo Compagnoni, Peter B. Adler

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is one of the most problematic invasive plant species in North America and climate change threatens to exacerbate its impacts. We conducted a two‐year field experiment to test the effect of warming, competition, and seed source on cheatgrass performance across an elevation gradient in northern Utah. We hypothesized that warming would increase cheatgrass performance, but that warming effects would be limited by competing vegetation and by local adaptation of cheatgrass seed sources. The warming treatment relied on open top chambers, we removed vegetation to assess the effect of competition from neighboring vegetation, and we reciprocally …

Diatom Flora In Subterranean Ecosystems: A Review, Elisa Falasco, Luc Ector, Marco Isaia, Carlos E. Wetzel, Lucien Hoffmann, Francesca Bona

International Journal of Speleology

In scarcity of light and primary producers, subterranean ecosystems are generally extremely oligotrophic habitats, receiving poor supplies of degradable organic matter from the surface. Human direct impacts on cave ecosystems mainly derive from intensive tourism and recreational caving, causing important alterations to the whole subterranean environment. In particular, artificial lighting systems in show caves support the growth of autotrophic organisms (the so-called lampenflora), mainly composed of cyanobacteria, diatoms, chlorophytes, mosses and ferns producing exocellular polymeric substances (EPSs) made of polysaccharides, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. This anionic EPSs matrix mediates to the intercellular communications and participates to the chemical …

Water Use And Water Tolerance In The Riparian Species American Sycamore (Plantanus Occidentalis L.) And How Its Physiology Compares To The Coexisting Black Willow (Salix Nigra Marshall), Eric Duncan

Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects

This study set out to compare aspects of water use and tolerance to inundation and drought of two riparian tree species, Platanus occidentalis L. and Salix nigra Marshall. The main goal of the study was to better understand the two species and assess the suitability of P. occidentalis for use in riparian restoration. To accomplish this, potted individuals were subjected to treatments of drought, inundation, or control, under greenhouse conditions, and separately, in order to estimate water use in trees, season-long diurnal measurements of sap flux (using Granier type thermal dissipation probes) were determined in situ for trees growing in …

Harvest Incentives: A Tool For Managing Aquatic Invasive Species, Bob Wiltshire, Nathan Stone, Marshall Meyers, Bill Hyatt, Lori Williams, Jason Goldberg, Susan Pasko, Leah Elwell

National Invasive Species Council

Conclusion

The success of any harvest incentive program to address aquatic invasive species will depend upon numerous biological, socioeconomic, and legal considerations. Programs that encourage harvest may be a successful management tool in targeting small, distinct populations; in high priority areas within a larger invasion; or they may play a supplementary role within larger control programs. Their use, however, will require careful review, planning, and monitoring to ensure success and that they do not unintentionally lead to further spread of invasive species, cause additional harm to native species, or waste valuable resources.

Habitat Assessment Of Two Narrowly Endemic Plant Species, Ozark Spiderwort (Tradescantia Ozarkana) E. S. Anderson And Woods. And Newton's Larkspur (Delphinium Newtonianum) D. M. Moore, Autumn Lynn Coffey Olsen

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The threat of biodiversity loss is upon us with the onset of climate change and our ever-demanding needs of the Earth's resources for a rapidly growing human population. Species highly vulnerable to loss are those limited in abundance and distribution, or those with reduced genetic diversity. Efforts to actively conserve a sensitive species require effectual data on the probable causes of their vulnerability. Two species of concern, Delphinium newtonianum and Tradescantia ozarkana, are globally rare endemic vascular plant species found only in the Interior Highlands of North America. In an attempt to understand the causes for their endemism, habitat …

From The Inside Out, And Through., Dominique Ovalle

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

These photographs describe “Science” born of consumerism, hijacked by me, economically disenfranchised, or rather—temporarily embarrassed, artist. I was putzing around Malibu—my old college stomping ground, looking for free food; maybe a sample of some gourmet $5 chocolate, and all I got were these photographs.

Warming, Soil Moisture, And Loss Of Snow Increase Bromus Tectorum’S Population Growth Rate, Aldo Compagnoni, Peter B. Adler

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

Climate change threatens to exacerbate the impacts of invasive species. In temperate ecosystems, direct effects of warming may be compounded by dramatic reductions in winter snow cover. Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) is arguably the most destructive biological invader in basins of the North American Intermountain West, and warming could increase its performance through direct effects on demographic rates or through indirect effects mediated by loss of snow. We conducted a two-year experimental manipulation of temperature and snow pack to test whether 1) warming increases cheatgrass population growth rate and 2) reduced snow cover contributes to cheatgrass’ positive response to …

Patch Burn‐Grazing: An Annotated Bibliography, Rajeeva Voleti, Stephen L. Winter, Sherry Leis

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Patch burn‐grazing is a rangeland management strategy that exploits the attraction of grazing animals to recently burned areas in order to achieve management objectives. When fire is applied to a landscape in a patchy manner, leaving some patches unburned, the resulting grazing animal activity, forage utilization, and animal impact are patchily distributed within that landscape as well. Areas that have been recently burned tend to be characterized by the highest levels of grazing animal activity while areas that have gone the longest without burning tend to be characterized by the lowest levels of grazing animal activity. This can be advantageous …

Bacon's Swamp- Ghost Of A Central Indiana Natural Area Past, Rebecca W. Dolan

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Bacon’s Swamp was identified in the 1920s as a ca. 12 ha glacial kettle lake bog system at the southernmost limits of these habitats in Indiana. Located just 9.6 km from the center of Indianapolis, the site was all but destroyed in the mid-20th century by urban expansion. Prior to habitat conversion at the site, Bacon’s Swamp was a frequent location for Butler University ecology class field trips and student research projects. Herbarium specimens and published inventory records allow for analysis of the historical vegetation of Bacon’s Swamp using modern techniques. Floristic Quality Assessment applied to these historical records reveals …

Sarpa Salpa Herbivory On Shallow Reaches Of Posidonia Oceanica Beds, Latina Steele, Kelly M. Darnell, Just Cebrián, Jose Luis Sanchez-Lizaso

Biology Faculty Publications

Sarpa salpa herbivory on shallow reaches of Posidonia oceanica beds.— Here, we examined the temporal and small–scale spatial variability of grazing by the herbivorous fish Sarpa salpa on shallow beds of the temperate seagrass Posidonia oceanica. Herbivory intensity expressed as the percent of leaf area taken by fish bites was higher in September 2006 than in February 2007, and at 0.5 m than at 1.5 m during both sampling times. All S. salpa feeding at the shallow locations studied were juveniles, with bite sizes ranging from 0.03 to 0.62 cm2. Juveniles feeding at 1.5 m were larger in February 2007 …

The Movement Ecology Of Seagrasses, Kathryn Mcmahon, Kor-Jent Van Dijk, Leonardo Ruiz-Montoya, Gary A. Kendrick, Siegfried L. Krauss, Michelle Waycott, Jennifer Verduin, Ryan Lowe, John Statton, Eloise Brown, Carlos Duarte

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

A movement ecology framework is applied to enhance our understanding of the causes, mechanisms and consequences of movement in seagrasses: marine, clonal, flowering plants. Four life-history stages of seagrasses can move: pollen, sexual propagules, vegetative fragments and the spread of individuals through clonal growth. Movement occurs on the water surface, in the water column, on or in the sediment, via animal vectors and through spreading clones. A capacity for long-distance dispersal and demographic connectivity over multiple timeframes is the novel feature of the movement ecology of seagrasses with significant evolutionary and ecological consequences. The space–time movement footprint of different life-history …