Biotechnology Commons^™

Temperature Regulation Of Plant Hormone Signaling During Stress And Development, Christian Castroverde, Damaris Dina

Biology Faculty Publications

Global climate change has broad-ranging impacts on the natural environment and human civilization. Increasing average temperatures along with more frequent heat waves collectively have negative effects on cultivated crops in agricultural sectors and wild species in natural ecosystems. These aberrantly hot temperatures, together with cold stress, represent major abiotic stresses to plants. Molecular and physiological responses to high and low temperatures are intricately linked to the regulation of important plant hormones. In this review, we shall highlight our current understanding of how changing temperatures regulate plant hormone pathways during immunity, stress responses and development. This article will present an overview …

Analysis Of Symptom Expressions And Transmission Rates Caused By The Plant Pathogen Phytophthora Ramorum On Native Chaparral Plants From The Genus Arctostaphylos, Bharati Gaonker

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Biological Sciences Master's Theses

Phytophthora ramorum is the causal agent of Sudden Oak death (SOD), ramorum dieback and ramorum leaf blight which affect both forest environments and nurseries. This oomycete pathogen has had a huge economic impact on the nursery and lumber industry. Forests in California have experienced substantial mortality of oaks affecting the forest dynamics and diversity. Our research investigates four native species and two ornamental cultivars of plants, which belong to the genus Arctostaphylos (manzanita) and are considered to be new hosts for P. ramorum in the chaparral ecosystem of California. Symptom expression and transmission rates were analyzed on Arctostaphylos glauca, …

Agrobacterium Mediated Transformation Optimizations For Sugarcane (Saccharum Officinarum L.) Cultivar Spf-234 With Direct Organogenesis, Muhammad Nawaz, Naeem Iqbal, Rabia Hameed, Mehwish Mehwish, Shakra Jamil

Journal of Bioresource Management

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is the most important food and energy crop worldwide. In the present study, an efficient Agrobacterium mediated transformation and regeneration system for sugarcane cultivar SPF-234 was established. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains EHA101and LBA4404 using vector pIG121 Hm, having GUS, HPTII and NPTII genes were used. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and histochemical assays confirmed the GUS gene expression. A 620 bp fragment from GUS positive plants was amplified. The GUS expressing putative transformants were 35% of the total plants formed under 30 minute immersion time and 72 hr of incubation period. The co-cultivation media having 60 …

Light Intensity Control For Plc-Based Hydroponic Demonstration System, Christian Hitt

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

In order to demonstrate a skill set obtained through the University of Arkansas Biological Engineering, a group of students and I developed a hydroponic system where plants could be grown in a chamber. System parameters such as air quality, irrigation, and lighting were controlled by a Programmable Logic Computer (PLC) and an array of sensors and actuators. Each student focused on a certain aspect of this system, mine being the lighting. Developing this system involved researching the relationship between light intensity and plant growth, designing a system to suspend the lights above the growth chamber, and develop a system to …

Pertumbuhan Tunas Kunyit Tinggi Kurkumin Pada Berbagai Jenis Sitokinin Dan Auksin Secara In Vitro, Erni Suminar, Denny Sobardini Sobarna, Syariful Mubarok, Sulistyaningsih, Ade Setiawan

Jurnal Kultivasi

Kunyit merupakan salah satu tanaman yang banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sebagai bahan baku obat tradisional, bumbu dapur, serta zat pewarna alami, sehingga kebutuhannya mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Penyediaan bibit yang memiliki produktivitas tinggi dalam jumlah banyak dapat dilakukan dengan metode kultur in vitro, namun perlu optimasi media yang sesuai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari komposisi zat pengatur tumbuh yang dapat memberikan pertumbuhan planlet yang lebih vigor. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Perlakuan terdiri dari penggunaan sitokinin dan auksin pada eksplan kunyit yang diulang tiga kali. Media Murashige and Skoog (MS) digunakan sebagai media dasar dengan perlakuan kombinasi …

Pengaruh Air Kelapa Sebagai Sitokinin Organik Dan Sukrosa Terhadap Pertumbuhan Protocorm Anggrek (Phalaenopsis Hybrid Mp 253 X F1 3363 (M)) In Vitro, Muhammad Isyraq, Lia Amalia, Iis Aisyah

Jurnal Kultivasi

Sitokinin dan sukrosa dibutuhkan untuk meregenerasi protocorm anggrek. Air kelapa diketahui memiliki kandungan sitokinin sehingga berpotensi dijadikan sebagai sitokinin organik. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi air kelapa sebagai sitokinin organik dan sukrosa terhadap pertumbuhan protocorm anggrek. Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Bioteknologi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Winaya Mukti, Kecamatan Tanjungsari Kabupaten Sumedang. Percobaan dimulai pada bulan Mei sampai dengan bulan Agustus 2019. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan dua faktor dan diulang dua kali. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi air kelapa, terdiri dari lima taraf yaitu 0 mL L-1, 50 mL L-1, 100 mL L-1, air …

Responses Of Soil Surface Greenhouse Gas Emissions To Nitrogen And Sulfur Fertilizer Rates To Brassica Carinata Grown As A Bio-Jet Fuel, Dwarika Bhattarai, Gandura O. Abagandura, Thandiwe Nleya, Sandeep Kumar

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

Carinata (Brassica carinata A. Braun), a non-food oilseed crop and an alternative bio-jet fuel feedstock, has received attention for its potential as a low-input option for production in the semi-arid region of the Northern Great Plains of the United States. Research addressing the impacts of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) fertilizers on soils and greenhouse gas (GHG; CO₂, N₂O, and CH₄) emissions from carinata production are limited. Thus, objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different rates of N and S fertilizers applied to carinata on soil properties and GHG …

Resistance To Aflatoxin Accumulation In Maize Mediated By Host-Induced Gene Silencing Of Aspergillus Flavus Alkaline Protease And O-Methyltransferase-A Genes, Olanike Omotola Omolehin

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Aspergillus flavus is a soil-borne fungal pathogen that infects maize and produces aflatoxins. In the current study, portions of the alkaline protease (alk) and the O-methyl transferase (omtA) genes, which are key in A. flavus virulence and aflatoxin biosynthesis, respectively, were targeted for suppression through an RNAi (RNA interference) approach known as Host-Induced Gene Silencing (HIGS). Separate RNAi vectors were designed to carry regions of the alk and omtA gene fragments (Alk-RNAi and OmtA-RNAi) and introduced into B104 maize zygotic embryos. Eight and six transformation events were positive for the alk and omtA transgene, respectively. …

Peningkatan Pertumbuhan Tunas Kunyit Putih Pada Perbanyakan In Vitro Melalui Aplikasi Berbagai Jenis Dan Konsentrasi Sitokinin, Murgayanti, Fatilla Nur Ramadhanti, Sumadi

Jurnal Kultivasi

Kunyit putih (Kaempferia rotunda L.) merupakan tanaman obat yang bermanfaat dan perlu dibudidayakan lebih luas, namun terkendala oleh penyediaan bibit bermutu yang terbatas sehingga menjadi langka. Perbanyakan tanaman dengan cara konvensional memerlukan bibit bermutu dalam jumlah dan waktu yang lama, sedangkan ketersediaan benih masih terbatas. Perbanyakan secara in vitro dapat mengatasi kelangkaan bibit kunyit putih yang bermutu tinggi dalam jumlah besar dan bebas patogen. Ketersediaan bibit unggul yang dihasilkan secara in vitro bergantung pada jenis dan konsentrasi sitokinin yang ditambahkan pada media kultur. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan jenis dan konsentrasi sitokinin yang paling baik pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tunas kunyit …

Multiplikasi Cepat Tunas Tiga Aksesi Stevia Secara In Vitro, Suseno Amien, Dion Nugraha Aji, Tuti Mamluatul

Jurnal Kultivasi

Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni)) telah menjadi pelengkap untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bahan pemanis yang terus meningkat di Indonesia. Jumlah varietas unggul Stevia di Indonesia masih terbatas. Keterbatasan ini perlu diimbangi dengan metode perbanyakan yang cepat. Multiplikasi tunas merupakan salah satu metode dalam kultur jaringan yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk perbanyakan cepat bibit Stevia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh respon aksesi-aksesi stevia terhadap multiplikasi tunas stevia pada komposisi media berbeda. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan dalam dua tahap percobaan. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) faktorial yang masing-masing terdiri atas dua faktor. Percobaan pertama terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah tiga aksesi stevia yakni …

Multiplikasi In Vitro Stroberi Kultivar Tochiotome Dengan Penambahan Jenis Dan Konsentrasi Sitokinin Untuk Perbanyakan Bibit, Ega Raisya, Denny Sobardini Sobarna, Anne Nuraini, Syariful Mubarok, Erni Suminar, Masako Akutsu

Jurnal Kultivasi

Perbanyakan tanaman stroberi secara konvensional dilakukan dengan menggunakan stolon, tetapi kurang efektif serta kualitas bibit yang dihasilkan kurang baik akibat adanya akumulasi penyakit. Budidaya stroberi memerlukan adanya perbanyakan bibit secara massal, tetapi tidak mengubah kualitasnya. Multiplikasi in vitro menjadi solusi untuk penyediaan bibit berkualitas dalam jumlah besar. Upaya untuk mendapatkan tunas in vitro dalam jumlah banyak yakni perlu adanya penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh golongan sitokinin seperti Benzylaminopurine (BAP) atau Thidiazuron (TDZ). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dan menetapkan jenis serta konsentrasi sitokinin dengan hasil terbaik dalam multiplikasi stroberi kultivar Tochiotome. Percobaan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Tanaman, Teknologi Benih, Fakultas …

Respons Dua Mutan Tomat Terhadap Cekaman Kekeringan, Ayu Ratna Ningrum, Anne Nuraini, Erni Suminar, Syariful Mubarok

Jurnal Kultivasi

Kondisi cekaman kekeringan pada tanaman tomat dapat menyebabkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman tomat menurun. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah dengan perakitan varietas tanaman baru yang tahan terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Beberapa hasil mutasi gen IAA pada tomat mutan Micro-Tom mampu menghasilkan tanaman yang toleran terhadap kondisi stress secara abiotik, yaitu pada galur iaa9-3 dan iaa9-5. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui respons pertumbuhan vegetatif pada iaa9-3 dan iaa9-5 dalam kondisi cekaman kekeringan dengan metode in vitro. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan dan Teknologi Benih Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran pada bulan September sampai Desember 2019. Rancangan …

Plant Defensin Antibacterial Mode Of Action Against Pseudomonas Species, Andrew E. Sathoff, Shawn Lewenza, Deborah A. Samac

Research & Publications

Background: Though many plant defensins exhibit antibacterial activity, little is known about their antibacterial mode of action (MOA). Antimicrobial peptides with a characterized MOA induce the expression of multiple bacterial outer membrane modifications, which are required for resistance to these membrane-targeting peptides. Mini-Tn5- lux mutant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Tn insertions disrupting outer membrane protective modifications were assessed for sensitivity against plant defensin peptides. These transcriptional lux reporter strains were also evaluated for lux gene expression in response to sublethal plant defensin exposure. Also, a plant pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae was modified through transposon mutagenesis to …

Hexadecane Petroleum, And Biofuel Utilization In Marine Bacteria Isolated From Ballast Tanks, Alex Yashchenko

Graduate Theses

This study characterized the growth of bacteria isolated from ballast tank fluids in hexadecane, petroleum, plant, and algae-derived fuels. The study was performed to explore the capacity of ballast tank isolates to survive and grow within fuels that may be stored within ballast tanks. Results of the hexadecane analysis indicated that most isolates had higher viable cell counts in media supplemented with hexadecane. Members of Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, and a single Brevundimonas species had viable cell counts that were one or several orders ofmagnitude greater than that of controls. Results offuel analysis indicated higher viable cell counts in pure JP-5 and …

An Analysis Of Crispr-Cas Gene Editing In Agriculture, Ashley Laliberte

Honors Scholar Theses

The CRISPR-Cas system is a promising form of gene editing, especially for the agriculture industry. The ability to make single-nucleotide edits within a gene of interest, without the need to introduce foreign DNA, is a powerful tool for designing healthier and more efficient crops and food animals. This system provides opportunity for increased nutritional value, decreased food waste, and more economically and environmentally sustainable food production. Though this biotechnology is facing mechanistic limitations due to off-target effects and inefficient homology-directed repair, vast improvements have already been made to improve its efficacy. The CRISPR-Cas system is already the most advanced form …

The Growing Threat Of Agroterrorism And Strategies For Agricultural Defense, Alyssa Forrest

Senior Honors Theses

Due to the dynamic nature of human conflict, non-traditional terror tactics have evolved to undermine the socioeconomic stability of targeted societies. Considering the landscape in which terrorists operate, emphasis on more subversive methods of biological terror have become prominent in recent decades. Agroterrorism, or the use of plant pathogens to infect a nation’s cultivated crops, is an emerging topic due to its threat to global food security and economic stability. Although emergency preparedness objectives have been enacted at national, state, and even local levels, preemptive measures can no longer remain the sole responsibility of intelligence and law enforcement agencies. The …

Optimasi Teknik Sterilisasi Dan Induksi Tunas Tanaman Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murr) ‘Kamajaya’ Lokal Cimahi Secara In Vitro, Agung Rahmadi, Noladhi Wicaksana, Bambang Nurhadi, Erni Suminar, Siti Rakhmah Tenrisui Pakki, Syariful Mubarok

Jurnal Kultivasi

Durian ‘Kamajaya’ merupakan salah satu jenis durian lokal yang keberadaanya hampir punah sehingga perlu dilakukan konservasi, salah satunya yaitu dengan perbanyakan menggunakan kultur jaringan. Permasalahan yang muncul dalam kultur jaringan durian ini salah satunya adalah metode sterilisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh metode sterilisasi yang tepat untuk perbanyakan tanaman durian ‘Kamajaya’ secara in vitro. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Teknologi Benih, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, sejak bulan Mei sampai September tahun 2019. Eksplan yang digunakan adalah tunas muda dari tanaman durian ‘Kamajaya’ yang berasal dari Cimahi. Sterilisasi untuk inisiasi dengan teknik kultur jaringan menggunakan kombinasi air mengalir, detergen, …

Molecular Differentiation Of Astragalus Species And Varieties From The Western United States: The Chloroplast Dna Bridge Between Evolution And Molecular Systematics, Marwa Neyaz, Daniel Cook, Rebecca Creamer

Poisonous Plant Research (PPR)

Locoweeds are the most widespread poisonous plant problem in the world and have been reported in the Western United States since the 1800s, causing tremendous losses in livestock. Consumption of locoweeds by grazing animals stimulates the neurological disease, locoism, characterized by weight loss, ataxia, and lack of muscular coordination. The name locoweed is used for Astragalus and Oxytropis species known to contain swainsonine, the toxic principle produced by the plant endophytic fungus Undifilum. Astragalus includes 2,500-3,000 species and many varieties that have almost identical morphological characteristics that overlap among species, leading to improper identification. Therefore, the aim of this study …

In Vitro Regeneration Of Dioscorea Alata With Anthocyanin And Antimicrobial Activity, Abdullah Sakinah

Student Works (2020-2029)

An efficient protocol was developed for rapid propagation and regeneration of the Dioscorea alata L. locally known as ‘ubi badak’ because of their rhinoceros-shaped tubers. In the present study, direct and indirect regeneration were induced to produce plantlets of Dioscorea alata L. For direct regeneration explants (leave, stem and node) were cultured on MS media supplemented with various combinations and concentrations of BAP and NAA to induce microshoots and roots formation. The optimum medium for microshoots formation was MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA with the number of microshoot is 23.07±0.44 from node explant. While …

Functional Characterization Of Petiolule-Like Pulvinus (Plp) Gene In Abscission Zone Development In Medicago Truncatula And Its Application To Genetic Improvement Of Alfalfa, Juan Du, Shaoyun Lu, Maofeng Chai, Chuanen Zhou, Liang Sun, Yuhong Tang, Jin Nakashima, Jaydeep Kolape, Zhaozhu Wen, Marjan Behzadirad, Tianxiu Zhong, Juan Sun, Yunwei Zhang, Zeng-Yu Wang

Nebraska Center for Biotechnology: Faculty and Staff Publications

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most important forage crops throughout the world. Maximizing leaf retention during the haymaking process is critical for achieving superior hay quality and maintaining biomass yield. Leaf abscission process affects leaf retention. Previous studies have largely focused on the molecular mechanisms of floral organ, pedicel and seed abscission but scarcely touched on leaf and petiole abscission. This study focuses on leaf and petiole abscission in the model legume Medicago truncatula and its closely related commercial species alfalfa. By analysing the petiolule-like pulvinus (plp) mutant in M. truncatula at phenotypic level (breakstrength and …

The Balancing Act Of Cytokinin In Environmental Stress Tolerance, Sumudu Sandeepani Karunadasa

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Cytokinin, long known as a phytohormone that regulates plant growth and development, has been recently recognized as an important regulator of stress responses. However, our current knowledge about the mechanisms by which cytokinin regulates stress responses is fragmentary, as many of the studies in this field yielded conflicting results. Most of the work described here has focused on analyses of the molecular mechanisms of cytokinin-dependent regulation of growth and development under stress conditions, with an emphasis on the role of cytokinin-dependent regulation of protein synthesis in development and stress tolerance.

One of the important contributions of this study is the …

Microbial Degradation Of Urea Oligomers: Potential Slow Release Nitrogen Fertilizers, Maddy Bygd

Departmental Honors Projects

Urea is the most commonly used nitrogen compound in fertilizers across the world. It provides the most nitrogen at the lowest cost. However, with the size and solubility of this compound, it is easily washed out of the soil. This results in the need to continuously add fertilizer to fields, creating adverse effects on the environment due to nitrogen runoff and leading to increased expenses for farmers. Triuret, a urea oligomer, is a compound with promising potential for use as a nitrogen source, providing a slower release of nitrogen into the soil. It is hypothesized that this compound can be …

Sequence Analysis Of The Ren1 Genomic Region From The Grapevine ‘Kishmish Vatkana’, Dani Joseph

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

The REN1 region of the grapevine ‘Kishmish Vatkana’ was mapped as the locus that confers resistance to the economically important disease, grape powdery mildew. The purpose of this work was to extend the nucleotide sequence information of this region. By sequencing a heretofore unknown bacterial artificial chromosome clone, the sequence information of this region was extended by 46,890 nucleotides. Sequencing was performed using the third-generation sequencing method, named Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT). In order to improve the accuracy of the sequence data, a modified ONT library preparation method was developed. ONT sequencing of a library prepared with the modified protocol …

In Vitro Propagation Of A Critically Endangered African Violets (Saintpaulia Rupicola B.L. Burtt), Thomas W. Lowry Iii

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

The in vitro propagation is a promising method for the production of plants in species that are endangered, commercially valuable, and/or otherwise difficult to propagate through traditional horticultural methods. Leaf and petiole explants of critically endangered African violets (Saintpaulia rupicola B.L. Burtt) were cultured on a chemically defined medium that was supplemented with six different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ). The concentrations were used for either an induction medium on which the explants remained throughout development, or an induction medium on which the explants remained for 10 days followed by a basal growth medium for the remainder of the 12 …

Development Of A Lectin-Fc Fusion Protein With Antiviral And Anti-Cancer Activity., Matthew William Dent

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis describes the development of a novel lectin-Fc fusion protein and its antiviral and anti-cancer activity. The molecule, Avaren-Fc (AvFc), is a fusion of a variant of the actinomycete lectin actinohivin (Avaren) and the Fc region of human IgG1, and is selective for the terminal α1,2-mannose residues found at the ends of high-mannose-type glycans that can be found on the surface of certain heavily glycosylated viruses and cancer cells. Here, AvFc was found to be able to neutralize simian immunodeficiency virus as well as Hepatitis C virus with nanomolar IC₅₀ values. Furthermore, AvFc recognizes a number of cell …

Pengaruh Perlakuan Ethyl Methanesulphonate Terhadap Perkecambahan Dan Pertumbuhan Kentang Granola (Biji), Hanifah Nuraeni Suteja, Neni Rostini, Suseno Amien

Jurnal Kultivasi

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kentang Granola dari biji botani dan memperoleh konsentrasi efektif untuk mendapatkan mutan berdaya hasil tinggi. Percobaan dilakukan dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama dilakukan di laboratorium kultur jaringan BALITSA, Lembang, yang terdiri dari tahap perlakuan EMS pada biji dengan konsentrasi 0,01%; 0,03%; 0,05%; 0,07%; 0,10%; 0,13%; 0,15%; 0,17%; dan 0,20%; selama 3 dan 6 jam, penanaman biji pada media kultur MS, perbanyakan planlet dan pengamatan planlet. Tahap kedua dilakukan di rumah kasa di Pangalengan yang terdiri dari tahapan aklimatisasi menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 14 perlakuan EMS yang diulang 3 …

Strain-Specific Protein Interaction And Localization Of Two Strains Of Potato Yellow Dwarf Virus And Functional Domains Of Their Matrix Protein, Chanyong Jang

Theses and Dissertations--Plant Pathology

Potato yellow dwarf virus (PYDV) is the type species of the genus nucleorhabdovirus which is typified by its nucleotropic characters of the members. The virus accomplishes its replication and morphogenesis in the nuclei of infected cells. Two strains, Constricta strain (CYDV) and Sanguinolenta strain (SYDV) have been described at the level of vector-specificity. CYDV is vectored by Agallia constricta and SYDV is transmitted by Aceratagllia sanguinolenta. The full-length genome of CYDV was sequenced. The 12,792 nt antisense genome encodes seven open reading frames in the order of, nucleocapsid protein (N), unknown protein (X), phosphoprotein (P), movement protein (Y), matrix …

Application Of Short Tandem Target Mimic (Sttm) Technique For Functional Analysis Of Micro-Rna396 In Transgenic Poplar Trees, Surattana Boonsai

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Short Tandem Target Mimic (STTM) is a commonly technique used for functional studies of a number of genes in several plant model systems. However, very little is known about application of STTM technique in tree species. In this study, STTM was applied to knock down microRNA396 (miR396) in transgenic poplar trees for the first time. STTM396 expression resulted in dramatic decrease in miR396 expression levels leading to taller plants with larger leaves and larger leaf cell size. Additionally, an expression analysis of growth regulating factor genes (GRFs) that are members of miR396 target gene family showed up-regulation of GRF07 gene …

Field Evaluation Of Tobacco Engineered For High Leaf-Oil Accumulation, James Perry

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

The biofuel market is dominated by ethanol and biodiesel derived from cellulosic and lipid-based biomass crops. This is largely due to the relatively low costs and reliability of production. At present, production of non-food plant-derived oils for biofuel production in the U.S. is minimal. A research team from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), an independent Australian federal government research institution, has developed an efficient transgenic system to engineer oil production in tobacco leaves. This novel system is comprised of multiple transgenes that direct the endogenous metabolic flux of oil precursors towards triacylglycerol (TAG) production. Additional genes were …

Enhancing Water Stress Tolerance In Floriculture Crops, Suejin Park

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Water deficit is one of the major constraints on plant growth and development, causing reduction of crop productivity. To minimize water loss, among many adaptation strategies, plants close their stomata to reduce transpiration. The stomatal closure is regulated by light, internal CO2 concentration, and plant hormones, mainly abscisic acid. Plants’ response mechanisms to water deficit are complex processes involving numerous genes and various signaling pathways. Floriculture crops are often exposed to water deficit during shipping and retailing, and these periods often result in damaged crops and profit loss. Understanding of plant responses to water deficit stress will provide us an …