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2005

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Articles 421 - 450 of 505

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Limitations And Potentials Of Current Motif Discovery Algorithms, Jianjun Hu, Bin Li, D. Kihara Jan 2005

Limitations And Potentials Of Current Motif Discovery Algorithms, Jianjun Hu, Bin Li, D. Kihara

Faculty Publications

Computational methods for de novo identification of gene regulation elements, such as transcription factor binding sites, have proved to be useful for deciphering genetic regulatory networks. However, despite the availability of a large number of algorithms, their strengths and weaknesses are not sufficiently understood. Here, we designed a comprehensive set of performance measures and benchmarked five modern sequence-based motif discovery algorithms using large datasets generated from Escherichia coli RegulonDB. Factors that affect the prediction accuracy, scalability and reliability are characterized. It is revealed that the nucleotide and the binding site level accuracy are very low, while the motif level accuracy …

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Genetic Variability, Pathogen Susceptibility, Subspecies Identity And Conservation Of The Endangered Northern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys Sabrinus) In Virginia, James Lincoln Sparks Jr. Jan 2005

Genetic Variability, Pathogen Susceptibility, Subspecies Identity And Conservation Of The Endangered Northern Flying Squirrel (Glaucomys Sabrinus) In Virginia, James Lincoln Sparks Jr.

Theses and Dissertations

I examined the population genetic structure of three known subspecies of Glaucomys sabrinus from Appalachia, Washington State, and two previously unexamined populations from Mount Rogers National Recreation Area (MRNRA) in Southwestern Virginia. Mean FST (0.107) and an AMOVA (P G. sabrinus subspecies populations in the southern Appalachians are genetically differentiated. Glaucomys sabrinus at MRNRA were less inbred than expected. Gene flow, a consensus tree based on Nei's genetic distance, elevated heterozygosity and morphometric data suggest that the MRNRA G. sabrinus population is an intergrade of the two recognized Appalachian subspecies, G. s. fuscus and G. s. coloratus. I compared inbreeding …

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Material And Acoustic Properties Of Swimbladders Of Tilapia And Channel Catfish, Mohammed Ali Nawaz Jan 2005

Material And Acoustic Properties Of Swimbladders Of Tilapia And Channel Catfish, Mohammed Ali Nawaz

Theses and Dissertations

Acoustically, teleost swimbladders have been considered resonant underwater bubbles. Contrary results indicating that bladders are tuned less sharply than such a bubble have been explained by damping of surrounding fish tissue. Recent findings in toadfish and weakfish, however, suggest that the bladder is a highly damped structure and that the frequency of the fish sounds is deternlined as a forced response to sonic muscle movement rather than by resonance of the bladder. In this study I examined acoustics and material properties of swimbladders in Tilapia (an auditory generalist) and the channel catfish (an auditory specialist). The swimbladder was struck with …

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Seasonal And Spatial Variation In Leaf Area Index, Litter Production, And Light Levels In Myrica Cerifera,Shrub Thickets Across A Barrier Island Chronsequence, Steven T. Brantley Jan 2005

Seasonal And Spatial Variation In Leaf Area Index, Litter Production, And Light Levels In Myrica Cerifera,Shrub Thickets Across A Barrier Island Chronsequence, Steven T. Brantley

Theses and Dissertations

Leaf area index (LAI), litter production and understory light levels of Myrica cergera shrub thickets were assessed on Hog Island, Virginia to quantify spatial and seasonal variations in leaf area and light attenuation among four thickets representing a successional chronosequence and compare methods of estimating LA1 in shrub- dominated systems. Seasonal LA1 estimates were made seven times throughout the year with a portable integrating radiometer (Li-Cor LAI-2000) and three times by measurement of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and use of the Beer-Larnbert law. Leaf area index was also estimated through leaf litter collection and use of allometric relationships between stem …

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Are Leptodactylus Didymus And L. Mystaceus Phylogenetically Sibling Species (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae)?, Rafael O. De Sá, W. R. Heyer, Arley Camargo Jan 2005

Are Leptodactylus Didymus And L. Mystaceus Phylogenetically Sibling Species (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae)?, Rafael O. De Sá, W. R. Heyer, Arley Camargo

Biology Faculty Publications

The Leptodactylus fuscus species group consists of 25 currently recognized species; within this species group and distributed throughout the Amazon Basin, Atlantic Forests, Gran Chaco, and cerrados is the L. mystaceus species complex. This species complex consists of L. didymus, L. elenae, L. mystaceus, L. notoaktites, and L. spixi. Adult morphologies have been used to distinguish these species from each other except for L. didymus and L. mystaceus (Heyer, 1978; Heyer et al., 1996). Leptodactylus didymus and L. mystaceus are morphologically indistinguishable; the species are recognizable only by the characteristics of their advertisement calls: non-pulsed in L. didymus and pulsed …

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A General Recurrent Neural Network Approach To Model Genetic Regulatory Networks, Xiao Hu, Anne M. Maglia, Donald C. Wunsch Jan 2005

A General Recurrent Neural Network Approach To Model Genetic Regulatory Networks, Xiao Hu, Anne M. Maglia, Donald C. Wunsch

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

There is an urgent need for tools to unravel the complex interactions and functionalities of genes. As such, there has been much interest in reverse-engineering genetic regulatory networks from time series gene expression data. We use an artificial neural network to model the dynamics of complicated gene networks and to learn their parameters. The positive and negative regulations of genes are defined by a weight matrix, and different genes are allowed to have different decaying time constants. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method by recreating the SOS DNA Repair network of Escherichia coli bacterium, previously discovered through experimental data.

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An Sem Study Of The Sporulation Process Of Pandora Neoaphidis And Neozygites Fresenii, Özlem Kalkar Jan 2005

An Sem Study Of The Sporulation Process Of Pandora Neoaphidis And Neozygites Fresenii, Özlem Kalkar

Turkish Journal of Biology

The objective of this study was to investigate the development of fungal pathogens in aphid hosts and identify structures characteristic of each fungal species. Aphids infected by Pandora neoaphidis and Neozygites fresenii were incubated for different time periods and examined by SEM. In P. neoaphidis, hyphal bodies concentrated in clumps beneath the cuticle and these formed rosette patterns consisting of a central structure, the developing cystidium, surrounded by developing conidiophores. Rhizoids were the first structure emerging from the P. neoaphidis-killed aphid. Primary spores were formed after 6 h and secondary spores after 10 h of incubation. In N. fresenii, the …

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High Quality Dna Isolation Method For Chickpea Genotypes, Hasi̇be Ci̇ngi̇lli̇, Abdulkadi̇r Akçi̇n Jan 2005

High Quality Dna Isolation Method For Chickpea Genotypes, Hasi̇be Ci̇ngi̇lli̇, Abdulkadi̇r Akçi̇n

Turkish Journal of Biology

In chickpea breeding genetic studies of individual plants need to be evaluated at the DNA level using molecular markers. A simple and reliable DNA extraction method is a prerequisite. This small-scale method is cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-based and extracts DNA from 1 to 3 folded young leaves processed in a 1.5 ml tube with 0.5 ml of extraction buffer and homogenized using an electric drill. Compared with the micro-prep method the improved mini-prep CTAB method is highly efficient and much cheaper in terms of time, chemical use and labor input. About 49 samples per day can easily be processed by one …

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Pb^{2+} Biosorption By Pretreated Fungal Biomass, Ahmet Çabuk, Semra İlhan, Cansu Fi̇li̇k, Fi̇gen Çalişkan Jan 2005

Pb^{2+} Biosorption By Pretreated Fungal Biomass, Ahmet Çabuk, Semra İlhan, Cansu Fi̇li̇k, Fi̇gen Çalişkan

Turkish Journal of Biology

The effect of pretreatment on the Pb^{2+} biosorption capacity of fungal biomasses, Aspergillus versicolor, Metarrhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae, and Penicillium verrucosum, was investigated. For this purpose, the biomasses were subjected to physical treatments such as heat and autoclaving, and chemical treatments such as sodium hydroxide, formaldehyde, gluteraldehyde, acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, commercial laundry detergent, orthophosphoric acid and dimethyl sulfoxide. Dimethyl sulfoxide, hydrogen peroxide and gluteraldehyde increased biosorption of Pb^{2+} in comparison with the A. versicolor live biomass. M. anisopliae var. anisopliae biomass pretreated with hydrogen peroxide, gluteraldehyde, commercial laundry detergent, dimethyl sulfoxide and formaldehyde significantly improved biosorption of Pb^{2+} in …

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Competitive Abilities Of The Entomopathogenic Nematodes Steinernema Feltiae And Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora In The Same Host At Different Temperatures, Hi̇lal Aydin, Alper Susurluk Jan 2005

Competitive Abilities Of The Entomopathogenic Nematodes Steinernema Feltiae And Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora In The Same Host At Different Temperatures, Hi̇lal Aydin, Alper Susurluk

Turkish Journal of Biology

The effectiveness of Turkish strains of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora on the last instar larvae of Tenebrio molitor were investigated. Mortality rates of T. molitor larvae caused by each nematode species alone (experiment I) were determined. Then, with the same method, the effectiveness of each species over the other in competition was examined (experiment II). Both experiments were conducted in sterilesand at 12, 18 and 25 °C for 5 days. While in experiment I the efficiency of the species was determined to be 52.5% for H. bacteriophora and 85% for S. feltiae at 12 °C, 93.5% …

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Antibacterial Activity Of Some Selected Indian Medicinal Flora, Rathish Nair, Tamanna Kalariya, Sumitra Chanda Jan 2005

Antibacterial Activity Of Some Selected Indian Medicinal Flora, Rathish Nair, Tamanna Kalariya, Sumitra Chanda

Turkish Journal of Biology

Nine plants were screened for potential antibacterial activity. In evaluating antibacterial activity both aqueous and organic solvents were used. The plants screened were Sapindus emarginatus, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Mirabilis jalapa, Rheo discolor, Nyctanthes arbortristis, Colocasia esculenta, Gracilaria corticata, Dictyota spps., and Pulicaria wightiana. Antibacterial activity was tested against 6 bacterial strains, Pseudomonas testosteroni, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus morganii, and Micrococcus flavus. Two methods, Agar disk diffusion and Agar ditch diffusion, were used to study the antibacterial activity of all these plants. Ps. testosteroni and K. pneumoniae were the most resistant bacterial strains. S. emarginatus showed strong activity against …

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Emerging Vector-Borne Diseases In A Changing Environment, Nurdan Özer Jan 2005

Emerging Vector-Borne Diseases In A Changing Environment, Nurdan Özer

Turkish Journal of Biology

Vector-borne infectious diseases are emerging or resurging as a result of changes in public health policy, demographic and societal changes, insecticide and drug resistance, shift in emphasis from prevention to emergency response, genetic changes in pathogens in the last two decades of the twentieth century. Climate changes also can influence the emergence and reemergence of these diseases which are malaria, dengue, yellow fever, plague, filariasis, louse-borne typhus, lyme disease, trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis and viral diseases. West Nile virus is just the latest example of this type of invasion by exotic virus. This paper will provide an overview of the distribution, reasons …

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Antimicrobial Effects Of Ocimum Basilicum (Labiatae) Extract, Ahmet Adigüzel, Medi̇ne Güllüce, Meryem Şengül, Hati̇ce Öğütçü, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n, İsa Karaman Jan 2005

Antimicrobial Effects Of Ocimum Basilicum (Labiatae) Extract, Ahmet Adigüzel, Medi̇ne Güllüce, Meryem Şengül, Hati̇ce Öğütçü, Fi̇kretti̇n Şahi̇n, İsa Karaman

Turkish Journal of Biology

Ethanol, methanol, and hexane extracts from Ocimum basilicum Labiatae (sweet basil) were investigated for their invitro antimicrobial properties. A total of 146 microbial organisms belonging to 55 bacteria, and four fungi, and a yeast species were studied using a disk-diffusion and minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) method. The result showed that none of the three extracts tested have antifungal activities, but anticandidal and antibacterial effects. Both the hexane and methanol extracts, but not the ethanol extracts, inhibited three isolates out of 23 strains of Candida albicans studied. All three extract of O. basilicum were different in terms of their antibacterial activities. …

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Effect Of \Alpha-Keto Acids Against H_2o_2- And Nan_3-Induced Mutagenesis In Different Strains Of Salmonella Typhimurium, Emi̇ne Öksüzoğlu Jan 2005

Effect Of \Alpha-Keto Acids Against H_2o_2- And Nan_3-Induced Mutagenesis In Different Strains Of Salmonella Typhimurium, Emi̇ne Öksüzoğlu

Turkish Journal of Biology

The protective effects of \alpha-keto acids on the mutagenicity of H_2O_2 and NaN_3 was investigated in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 102. H_2O_2 (340 µg/plate) was mutagenic to the strains TA 98 and TA 102 while NaN_3 (1.5 µg/plate) was mutagenic only to TA100. The extents of protective effect of pyruvate (220-440 µg/plate) and \alpha-keto glutarate (335-600 µg/plate) against H_2O_2 were observed to be 37%- 65% in TA 98 and TA 102. \alpha-keto acids were ineffective against NaN_3 induced mutagenicity in TA 100. H_2O_2 (340 µg/plate), in the presence of NaN_3 (1.5 µg/plate) and \alpha-keto acids (330-500 µg/plate), …

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Identification Of Alkaliphilic Bacillus Species Isolated From Lake Van And Its Surroundings By Computerized Analysis Of Extracellular Protein Profiles, İsmet Berber, Elçi̇n Yeni̇dünya Jan 2005

Identification Of Alkaliphilic Bacillus Species Isolated From Lake Van And Its Surroundings By Computerized Analysis Of Extracellular Protein Profiles, İsmet Berber, Elçi̇n Yeni̇dünya

Turkish Journal of Biology

Five reference Bacillus species and 17 native alkaliphilic Bacillus strains, isolated from the water of Lake Van and the soil surrounding it, were identified using phenotypic characteristics and extracellular protein profiles by the method of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). According to the phenotypic characteristics, all the native isolates were Gram-positive, aerobic, endospore-forming, motile, facultatively alkaliphilic Bacillus spp. It was also found that the native alkaliphilic Bacillus isolates were distinguished phenotypically from other Bacillus species. A numerical analysis based on the resulting extracellular protein profiles revealed 5 distinct clusters: native isolates and B. megaterium formed 4 clusters that varied …

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A Gene Expression Study Of The Tgf-\Beta Signaling Pathway Components In Differentiating Pc12 Cells, Işil Aksan Kurnaz Jan 2005

A Gene Expression Study Of The Tgf-\Beta Signaling Pathway Components In Differentiating Pc12 Cells, Işil Aksan Kurnaz

Turkish Journal of Biology

The neuronal differentiation process has been studied in great detail from many aspects. In the PC12 system, NGF was found to induce neuronal differentiation as measured by neurite extensions and neuronal marker expression. This effect was seen to be mainly conducted through the Ras/MAPK pathway; however, additional pathways are suspected to play a significant role in this cellular response. One such pathway is Smad signaling - NGF was previously reported to induce the expression of the TGF-\beta signal, although the physiological relevance of this was not completely understood. In this study, we analyzed the expression profiles of several TGF-\beta pathway …

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The Effect Of Acid Adaptation Conditions On Acid Tolerance Response Of Escherichia Coli O157: H7, Hali̇l Tosun, Şahi̇ka Aktuğ Gönül Jan 2005

The Effect Of Acid Adaptation Conditions On Acid Tolerance Response Of Escherichia Coli O157: H7, Hali̇l Tosun, Şahi̇ka Aktuğ Gönül

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study examined the effects of acid shock and acid adaptation on acid tolerance of E. coli O157: H7 932 strain. E. coli O157: H7 were exposed to acid at pH 4.5, 5.0 or 5.5 for acid adaptation or acid shock in tryptic soy broth (acidified with 6 N HCI). Acid shocked cells were incubated for 1, 2, 3 or 4 h while acid adapted cells were incubated for 18 h at 37°C and then acid tolerance of acid shocked and acid adapted cells were determined by exposing to acid challenge of pH 2.5 or 3.0 in tryptic soy broth. …

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Efficacy Of Aqueous And Methanol Extracts Of Some Medicinal Plants For Potential Antibacterial Activity, Jigna Parekh, Darshana Jadeja, Sumitra Chanda Jan 2005

Efficacy Of Aqueous And Methanol Extracts Of Some Medicinal Plants For Potential Antibacterial Activity, Jigna Parekh, Darshana Jadeja, Sumitra Chanda

Turkish Journal of Biology

Twelve medicinal plants were screened, namely Abrus precatorius L., Caesalpinia pulcherrima Swartz., Cardiospermum halicacabum L., Casuarina equisetifolia L., Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., Delonix regia L., Euphorbia hirta L., Euphorbia tirucalli L., Ficus benghalensis L., Gmelina asiatica L., Santalum album L., and Tecomella undulata (Sm.) Seem, for potential antibacterial activity against 5 medically important bacterial strains, namely Bacillus subtilis ATCC6633, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes ATCC17440, Proteus vulgaris NCTC8313 and Salmonella typhimurium ATCC23564. The antibacterial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts was determined by agar disk diffusion and agar well diffusion method. The methanol extracts were more active than the aqueous …

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Phylogenetic Analysis Of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Diversity, Murat Kasap Jan 2005

Phylogenetic Analysis Of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Diversity, Murat Kasap

Turkish Journal of Biology

The secreted glycoprotein vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent and specific mitogen for vascular endothelial cells, capable of stimulating angiogenesis during embryonic development and tumor formation. Despite intensive research, the functions of several VEGF family members remain a mystery. Insight into their evolutionary relationships could profoundly improve our understanding of why there are so many VEGFs and why we have not been able to dissect their function to our satisfaction. It appears from the presence of several structurally related VEGF proteins that VEGF proteins do have a long divergence history. We investigated the evolution and phylogenetic relationships among …

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The Subsystems Approach To Genome Annotation And Its Use In The Project To Annotate 1000 Genomes, Ross Overbeek, Tadhg Begley, Ralph M. Butler, Jomuna V. Choudhuri, Han-Yu Chuang, Matthew Cohoon, Valérie De Crécy-Lagard, Naryttza Diaz, Terry Disz, Robert Edwards, Michael Fonstein, Ed D. Frank, Svetlana Gerdes, Elizabeth M. Glass, Alexander Goesmann, Andrew Hanson, Dirk Iwata-Reuyl, Roy Jensen, Neema Jamshidi, Lutz Krause, Michael Kubal, Niels Larsen, Burkhard Linke, Alice C. Mchardy, Folker Meyer, Heiko Neuweger, Gary Olsen, Robert Olson, Andrei Osterman, Vasiliy Portnoy, Gordon D. Pusch, Dmitry A. Rodionov, Christian Rückert, Jason Steiner, Rick Stevens, Ines Thiele, Olga Vassieva, Yuzhen Ye, Olga Zagnitko, Veronika Vonstein Jan 2005

The Subsystems Approach To Genome Annotation And Its Use In The Project To Annotate 1000 Genomes, Ross Overbeek, Tadhg Begley, Ralph M. Butler, Jomuna V. Choudhuri, Han-Yu Chuang, Matthew Cohoon, Valérie De Crécy-Lagard, Naryttza Diaz, Terry Disz, Robert Edwards, Michael Fonstein, Ed D. Frank, Svetlana Gerdes, Elizabeth M. Glass, Alexander Goesmann, Andrew Hanson, Dirk Iwata-Reuyl, Roy Jensen, Neema Jamshidi, Lutz Krause, Michael Kubal, Niels Larsen, Burkhard Linke, Alice C. Mchardy, Folker Meyer, Heiko Neuweger, Gary Olsen, Robert Olson, Andrei Osterman, Vasiliy Portnoy, Gordon D. Pusch, Dmitry A. Rodionov, Christian Rückert, Jason Steiner, Rick Stevens, Ines Thiele, Olga Vassieva, Yuzhen Ye, Olga Zagnitko, Veronika Vonstein

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

The release of the 1000th complete microbial genome will occur in the next two to three years. In anticipation of this milestone, the Fellowship for Interpretation of Genomes (FIG) launched the Project to Annotate 1000 Genomes. The project is built around the principle that the key to improved accuracy in high through put annotation technology is to have experts annotate single subsystems over the complete collection of genomes, rather than having an annotation expert attempt to annotate all of the genes in a single genome. Using the subsystems approach, all of the genes implementing the subsystem are analyzed by …

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Two Men Who Invented Genetics, Michael Dietrich Jan 2005

Two Men Who Invented Genetics, Michael Dietrich

Dartmouth Scholarship

A review of two books:\r\nThe Man Who Invented the Chromosome: a Life of Cyril Darlington by Oren Solomon Harman, 2004 and\r\nGeorge Beadle, and Uncommon Farmer: The Emergence of Genetics in the 20th Century, 2003 by Paul Berg and Maxine Singer.

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Discovering Cell Mechanisms: The Creation Of Modern Cell Biology, Michael Dietrich Jan 2005

Discovering Cell Mechanisms: The Creation Of Modern Cell Biology, Michael Dietrich

Dartmouth Scholarship

Review of Discovering Cell Mechanisms: The Creation ofModern Cell Biology. Cambridge Studies in Philosophy and Biology. By William Bechtel. Cambridge and New York: Cam-bridge University Press. xii 323 p; ill.; index. ISBN: 052181247X. 2006.

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Knowing When To Draw The Line: Designing More Informative Ecological Experiments, Kathryn L. Cottingham, Jay T. Lennon, Bryan L. Brown Jan 2005

Knowing When To Draw The Line: Designing More Informative Ecological Experiments, Kathryn L. Cottingham, Jay T. Lennon, Bryan L. Brown

Dartmouth Scholarship

Linear regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA) are two of the most widely used statistical techniques in ecology. Regression quantitatively describes the relationship between a response variable and one or more continuous independent variables, while ANOVA determines whether a response variable differs among discrete values of the independent variable(s). Designing experiments with discrete factors is straightforward because ANOVA is the only option, but what is the best way to design experiments involving continuous factors? Should ecologists prefer experiments with few treatments and many replicates analyzed with ANOVA, or experiments with many treatments and few replicates per treatment analyzed with regression? …

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Ecology Of Larval Fishes And Large Zooplankton In The Keweenaw Current Region Of Lake Superior, With Special Focus On Lake Herring, Coregonus Artedi, Jason K. Oyadomari Jan 2005

Ecology Of Larval Fishes And Large Zooplankton In The Keweenaw Current Region Of Lake Superior, With Special Focus On Lake Herring, Coregonus Artedi, Jason K. Oyadomari

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

I assessed the influence of the Keweenaw Current and spring thermal bar on the distribution of larval fishes and large zooplankton in Lake Superior. In 1998 and 1999, samples were collected from inshore (0.2 – 3.0 km from shore) and offshore (5.0 – 9.0 km from shore) locations on three transects off the western coast of the Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan. For larval fishes, density and size distribution patterns of lake herring (Coregonus artedi), rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax), burbot (Lota lota), deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsoni), and spoonhead sculpin (Cottus ricei) suggest …

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Flying Squirrel Is Seldom Seen, Often Misunderstood Member Of Arkansas Wildlife, Aldemaro Romero Jr., Thomas S. Risch Jan 2005

Flying Squirrel Is Seldom Seen, Often Misunderstood Member Of Arkansas Wildlife, Aldemaro Romero Jr., Thomas S. Risch

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

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Cascading Effects Of Predator Removal On The Ecology Of Sea Turtle Nesting Beaches, Brandon Barton Jan 2005

Cascading Effects Of Predator Removal On The Ecology Of Sea Turtle Nesting Beaches, Brandon Barton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Traditional views of food web dynamics have characterized species interactions as linear and direct. However, modern food web theory suggests that interactions can also be nonlinear and indirect, so that disturbance at one trophic level is transmitted throughout the community. Many previous studies have demonstrated that the removal of top predators from terrestrial ecosystems can have broad-scale impacts on community ecology. I examined the direct and indirect effects of raccoon removal from sea turtle nesting beaches in east-central Florida during the summers of 2003 and 2004. Raccoon and ghost crab predation are among the highest causes of egg mortality for …

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Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy As A Tool For The Investigation Of Tetracycline Fluorescence In Archaeologicalhuman Bone, Corey Maggiano Jan 2005

Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy As A Tool For The Investigation Of Tetracycline Fluorescence In Archaeologicalhuman Bone, Corey Maggiano

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fluorochromes such as tetracycline have been used to label bone for histomorphometric analysis, measuring bone formation, growth, maintenance, and pathology. More recently, similar fluorescence has been observed in ancient human bone. Attributed to tetracycline (TC) exposure, this phenomenon could affect various aspects of health during life and/or preservation of remains postmortem. Standard epifluorescence microscopy is the most common tool employed in the analysis of these labels. Though valuable, this technique is limited by its inability to penetrate bone three-dimensionally and its inclusion of out-of-focus light, possibly disrupting accurate analysis. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) has been demonstrated as a valuable …

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Incompatibility Alleles Expressed In Pollen Of Turkish Hazelnut Cultivars, Veli̇ Erdoğan, Shawn A. Mehlenbacher, A. İlhami̇ Köksal, Haydar Kurt Jan 2005

Incompatibility Alleles Expressed In Pollen Of Turkish Hazelnut Cultivars, Veli̇ Erdoğan, Shawn A. Mehlenbacher, A. İlhami̇ Köksal, Haydar Kurt

Turkish Journal of Biology

Sphorophytic pollen-stigma incompatibility is a characteristic of the genus Corylus. Incompatibility alleles expressed in the pollen of Turkish hazelnut cultivars were identified. Cultivars were selected from the field collection at Giresun, and were used as the pollen parents. Tester plants, whose S-alleles were known, were located in Ankara and Corvallis. Compatible crosses produced masses of long and parallel tubes while incompatible crosses produced very short tubes that often curved or ended with a pronounced bulb. The incompatibility alleles S_2, S_5, S_8, S_{10}, S_{12}, S_{21} and S_{24} were identified in the pollen of Turkish cultivars. Pollen of Palaz and Yuvarlak Badem …

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Influence Of Oxygen Microenvironment On Microfluidic Glucose Sensor Performance, Chang-Soo Kim, Jongwon Park Jan 2005

Influence Of Oxygen Microenvironment On Microfluidic Glucose Sensor Performance, Chang-Soo Kim, Jongwon Park

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We propose a novel method to overcome significant problems of baseline drift and sensitivity degradation in amperometric biosensors based on oxidase enzyme reactions. A novel glucose microsensor with a built-in electrochemical oxygen manipulation microsystem is introduced to demonstrate three novel functionalities; one-point in situ self-calibration (zero-point), broadening of dynamic range and increase in sensitivity. The influence of electrochemically generated oxygen microenvironment on the sensor output within a fluidic structure is investigated.

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Haemophilus Influenzae Modulins In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Airway Inflammation, Gitanjali Kundu Jan 2005

Haemophilus Influenzae Modulins In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Airway Inflammation, Gitanjali Kundu

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Nontypeable H. influenzae (NTHi) causes repeated respiratory infections characterized by a brisk inflammatory response that results in the expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. We hypothesized that secreted and cell asssociated NTHi proteins mediate cellular interactions with respiratory epithelial cells, leading to the production of interleukin (IL)-8. We exposed human tracheal epithelial cells to H. influenzae strain Rd and compared the resulting profiles of IL-8 secretion. Putative H. influenzae Rd modulins were enriched from culture supernatant fluid. Proteome analysis of the enriched fractions revealed 27 candidate proteins. Further analysis of four proteins, ClpB, OmpP2, TonB, and RelA, suggested a potential …

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