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2013

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Articles 61 - 90 of 124

Full-Text Articles in Biology

Toxicities Of Diuron And Irgarol On The Hatchability And Early Stage Development Of Artemia Salina, Hakan Alyürük, Levent Çavaş Jan 2013

Toxicities Of Diuron And Irgarol On The Hatchability And Early Stage Development Of Artemia Salina, Hakan Alyürük, Levent Çavaş

Turkish Journal of Biology

Booster biocides are widely used in antifouling paints as bioactive agents against fouling organisms. In previously published reports, acute toxicity tests on Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758) were only focused on a part of the life cycle of the organism. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicities of diuron and irgarol on the hatching stage of A. salina. According to the results, diuron significantly decreased the hatching percentage of A. salina cysts and prevented the hatching of larvae. The EC_{50} value for diuron was found as 12.01 mg/L. On the other hand, irgarol had no effect on the …

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Effect Of Asiatic And Ursolic Acids On Growth And Virulence Factors Of Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli Strains, Dorota Wojnicz, Dorota Tichaczek-Goska, Marta Kicia Jan 2013

Effect Of Asiatic And Ursolic Acids On Growth And Virulence Factors Of Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli Strains, Dorota Wojnicz, Dorota Tichaczek-Goska, Marta Kicia

Turkish Journal of Biology

This work was aimed at determining the possible antimicrobial potential of asiatic acid (AA) and ursolic acid (UA) against clinical uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains (UPECs). Phylogenetic affiliations of UPECs and virulence-associated gene carriage have been identified. PCR analysis revealed that the studied E. coli strains belong to phylogenetic group B2. All bacterial isolates were grouped into 4 pathotypes. The following were determined: the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) according to CLSI; P-fimbriae synthesis, based on erythrocyte agglutination; curli fibers, by using YESCA agar with congo red; swimming motility, in motility agar; and alpha-hemolysin, on sheep’s-blood agar plates. The differences in antigrowth …

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Genotoxic And Safety Assessment Of 2 Parabens In Somatic Cells Of In Vivo Drosophila Melanogaster, Ari̇f Ayar, Handan Uysal Jan 2013

Genotoxic And Safety Assessment Of 2 Parabens In Somatic Cells Of In Vivo Drosophila Melanogaster, Ari̇f Ayar, Handan Uysal

Turkish Journal of Biology

The objective of this study was to determine the possible genotoxic effects of the para-hydroxybenzoic acid esters (parabens) of methylparaben, propylparaben, and the mixed paraben groups formed by a combination of these, which are used as preservative substances in the food, cosmetic, and drug industries, on Drosophila melanogaster using the wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART). According to the data obtained from microscopic analysis, no increase was determined in the single type clone number at various concentrations (100, 150, 200, and 250 mM) of paraben groups in comparison with the control group. In addition, increases corresponding to the concentration …

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Stimulation Of Dendritic Cells With Vaccine And Vaccine-Antibody Complex And Effect On Immune Response, İbrahi̇m Hati̇poğlu, İbrahi̇m Söğüt, Duygu Ercan, Soner Aksu, Hülya Si̇vas, Aynur Başalp Jan 2013

Stimulation Of Dendritic Cells With Vaccine And Vaccine-Antibody Complex And Effect On Immune Response, İbrahi̇m Hati̇poğlu, İbrahi̇m Söğüt, Duygu Ercan, Soner Aksu, Hülya Si̇vas, Aynur Başalp

Turkish Journal of Biology

Dendritic cell (DC) vaccines are a promising and potent therapeutic tool for chronic diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancer because of the unique ability of DCs to stimulate T cells. The challenge of DC vaccines is to find an effective form for antigen presentation. Although pure antigens, antigen complexes, plasmids, and mRNA have been used in different studies, no proper application to overcome this problem has been found yet. In this study, we investigated the eligibility of a commercial hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine or a vaccine-monoclonal antibody complex for antigen loading of DCs for a therapeutic purpose. DCs were derived …

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The Utilization Of Lignocellulosic Wastes For Laccase Production Under Semisolid-State And Submerged Fermentation Conditions, Emre Bi̇rhanli, Özfer Yeşi̇lada Jan 2013

The Utilization Of Lignocellulosic Wastes For Laccase Production Under Semisolid-State And Submerged Fermentation Conditions, Emre Bi̇rhanli, Özfer Yeşi̇lada

Turkish Journal of Biology

The aim of this study was to produce laccase enzymes by using various lignocellulosic wastes (LCWs) under semisolid-state (SsF) and submerged fermentation (SF) conditions. White rot fungi are the best laccase-producing organisms and they can be easily grown on LCW. Thus, in this work, Trametes trogii (Berk.) ATCC 200800 and Trametes versicolor (L.) ATCC 200801, well-known laccase-producing white rot fungi, were used as laccase-producing organisms. According to the literature, some of the LCWs such as sunflower receptacle, apricot seed shell, and bulrush were tested first as substrates for laccase production by these fungi. In SsF, the maximum laccase activities were …

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Occurrence Of Enterocin Genes, Virulence Factors, And Antibiotic Resistance In 3 Bacteriocin-Producer Enterococcus Faecium Strains Isolated From Turkish Tulum Cheese, Banu Özden Tuncer, Zeli̇ha Ay, Yasi̇n Tuncer Jan 2013

Occurrence Of Enterocin Genes, Virulence Factors, And Antibiotic Resistance In 3 Bacteriocin-Producer Enterococcus Faecium Strains Isolated From Turkish Tulum Cheese, Banu Özden Tuncer, Zeli̇ha Ay, Yasi̇n Tuncer

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this study, the occurrence of enterocin genes, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance in the bacteriocin-producer Enterococcus faecium EYT17, EYT31, and EYT39 strains was investigated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies showed that all of the E. faecium strains carried the enterocin A and B structural genes (entA and entB), while E. faecium EYT17 and EYT31 strains also carried the enterocin P structural gene (entP). None of the strains exhibited \beta-haemolysis or gelatinase activity. PCR analysis revealed that EYT17, EYT31, and EYT39 strains were clear of potential virulence determinants, except for ccf and efaAfm. The ccf gene was found in all …

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Assessment Of Genetic Diversity In Naturally Growing 29 Trifolium L. Taxa From Bolu Province Using Rapd And Ssr Markers, Emel Uslu, Gözde Damla Ertuğrul, Mehmet Teki̇n Babaç Jan 2013

Assessment Of Genetic Diversity In Naturally Growing 29 Trifolium L. Taxa From Bolu Province Using Rapd And Ssr Markers, Emel Uslu, Gözde Damla Ertuğrul, Mehmet Teki̇n Babaç

Turkish Journal of Biology

Two molecular marker technologies, RAPD and SSR, were used to determine the genetic diversity of 29 taxa of Trifolium L. collected from Bolu Province. The analysis was carried out using 11 RAPD and 5 SSR markers. A total of 446 and 331 fragments were produced by RAPD and SSR markers, respectively. The amplification products were 300-3500 bp with RAPD and 125-3000 bp with SSR markers. These bands were scored as absence and presence for all taxa. Data obtained were used to estimate genetic similarity using Jaccard’s coefficient, and dendrograms were constructed by the UPGMA method using either RAPD and SSR …

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Effect Of Drought Stress On Oxidative Damage And Antioxidant Enzyme Activity In Melon Seedlings, Musa Kavas, Mehmet Cengi̇z Baloğlu, Oya Akça, Fatma Seli̇n Köse, Derya Gökçay Jan 2013

Effect Of Drought Stress On Oxidative Damage And Antioxidant Enzyme Activity In Melon Seedlings, Musa Kavas, Mehmet Cengi̇z Baloğlu, Oya Akça, Fatma Seli̇n Köse, Derya Gökçay

Turkish Journal of Biology

Drought stress is one of the most serious environmental limitations affecting the growth and productivity of plants. In the current study, oxidative damage and antioxidant responses under polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced osmotic stress were compared in 2 melon cultivars, Kırkağaç and Galia. Melon seedlings were subjected to PEG-6000 solutions of 2 different osmotic potentials, -0.2 MPa and -0.4 MPa. Various physiological parameters, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline content, and antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) were measured. A reduction in fresh and dry weights of shoot and root tissues was observed. Significant proline accumulation was detected with …

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Probing The Architecture Of Testis And Morphology Of Male Germinal Cells In The Mud Crab With The Atomic Force Microscopy, Mahalingam Anbarasu, Ramangalingam Kirubagaran, Gopal Dharani, Thanumalaya Subramoniam Jan 2013

Probing The Architecture Of Testis And Morphology Of Male Germinal Cells In The Mud Crab With The Atomic Force Microscopy, Mahalingam Anbarasu, Ramangalingam Kirubagaran, Gopal Dharani, Thanumalaya Subramoniam

Turkish Journal of Biology

The architecture of testicular lobules, morphology of spermatozoa, and spermatophore in the mud crab, Scylla serrata, are described for the first time employing atomic force microscopy (AFM). A fast and simple squash preparation protocol was followed using crustacean physiological saline without distorting the natural structure. Observations provided new insight into the arrangement of lobules and morphology of testicular assembly. It consists of a close network of lobules of different sizes in a radial manner on radially branching basal tubules. Budding of new lobules is another distinguishable feature noted in the network of testicular organization. A thin membranous envelope of the …

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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Of Environmental And Hospital Isolations Of Enterococci In Aydın, Erman Oryaşin, Haci Hali̇l Biyik, Gamze Başbülbül, Bülent Bozdoğan Jan 2013

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns Of Environmental And Hospital Isolations Of Enterococci In Aydın, Erman Oryaşin, Haci Hali̇l Biyik, Gamze Başbülbül, Bülent Bozdoğan

Turkish Journal of Biology

The aim of the present study was to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibilities of enterococci isolated from water, soil, waste, and food samples to determine resistance mechanisms and their transferability, and to test clonality of these environmental enterococci. The results were compared with the susceptibility patterns of hospital enterococci reported in a previous study. Samples from 9 environmental sources were cultured, and species were identified using 16S rRNA sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by the agar dilution method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were tested for vancomycin, tetracycline, teicoplanin, ampicillin, gentamicin, erythromycin, rifampicin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin. Resistance genes and transposons were determined …

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Morphological And Molecular Identification Of Pennate Diatoms Isolated From Urla, İzmir, Coast Of The Aegean Sea, Kutsal Kesi̇ci̇, İnci̇ Tüney, Doğuş Zeren, Mustafa Güden, Atakan Sukatar Jan 2013

Morphological And Molecular Identification Of Pennate Diatoms Isolated From Urla, İzmir, Coast Of The Aegean Sea, Kutsal Kesi̇ci̇, İnci̇ Tüney, Doğuş Zeren, Mustafa Güden, Atakan Sukatar

Turkish Journal of Biology

Diatoms represent an important class of aquatic phototrophs. They are not only one of the major contributors to global carbon fixation, but they also play a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of silica. Molecular identification methods based on conserved DNA sequences, such as internal transcribed spacer (ITS) have revolutionized our knowledge and understanding of conventional taxonomy. In this study, we aimed to compare the conventional identification methods with molecular identification methods. To do so, we isolated 4 diatom samples from the coast at Urla and characterized them using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) according to morphological …

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Global Assessment Of Network Inference Algorithms Based On Available Literature Of Gene/Protein Interactions, Gökmen Altay, Nejla Altay, David Neal Jan 2013

Global Assessment Of Network Inference Algorithms Based On Available Literature Of Gene/Protein Interactions, Gökmen Altay, Nejla Altay, David Neal

Turkish Journal of Biology

We propose a framework that uses the available gene/protein interaction databases of the literature as a universal benchmark in order to globally assess the inference performances of gene network inference algorithms. We also developed an R software package for convenient use of the framework, which can also be used in general as a quick tool to search in the literature for available validations of interactions. We applied the proposed approach to 2 publicly available prostate cancer gene expression datasets and a large breast cancer gene expression dataset. The results revealed different aspects and superiority of algorithms that had not been …

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Silver Nanoparticles: Cytotoxic, Apoptotic, And Necrotic Effects On Mcf-7 Cells, Hakan Çi̇ftçi̇, Mustafa Türk, Uğur Tamer, Si̇yami̇ Karahan, Yusuf Menemen Jan 2013

Silver Nanoparticles: Cytotoxic, Apoptotic, And Necrotic Effects On Mcf-7 Cells, Hakan Çi̇ftçi̇, Mustafa Türk, Uğur Tamer, Si̇yami̇ Karahan, Yusuf Menemen

Turkish Journal of Biology

The present study was conducted to examine cytotoxic, apoptotic, and necrotic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on MCF-7 cells. Colloidal AgNPs were fabricated in an alkaline pH environment via reduction of silver nitrate with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. The size of AgNPs was measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering. Zeta potential of AgNPs was determined by laser Doppler microelectrophoresis. After exposing MCF-7 cells to AgNPs for 24 h, cytotoxicity was measured by WST-1 assay. Apoptosis and necrosis in MCF-7 cells were detected by Annexin-V-FLUOS immunostaining and double staining of Hoechst dye with propidium iodide. …

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Transcriptional Profiling Of Transferrin Gene From Egyptian Cotton Leaf Worm, Spodoptera Littoralis, Nurper Güz, Asli Dağeri̇, Tuğba Erdoğan, Mouzhgan Mousavi, Şeri̇fe Bayram, Mehmet Oktay Gürkan Jan 2013

Transcriptional Profiling Of Transferrin Gene From Egyptian Cotton Leaf Worm, Spodoptera Littoralis, Nurper Güz, Asli Dağeri̇, Tuğba Erdoğan, Mouzhgan Mousavi, Şeri̇fe Bayram, Mehmet Oktay Gürkan

Turkish Journal of Biology

Iron is an essential nutrient for almost all organisms, but it is also a potent toxin because it can catalyze oxidative reactions that are destructive to cells. Transferrin is an essential protein involved in iron metabolism, immunity, and vitellogenesis in insects. We have characterized a cDNA encoding a putative iron-binding transferrin (SpliTrf) in Egyptian cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an important pest that causes extensive losses in many vegetable, fodder, and fiber crops. The structure of the putative SpliTrf showed significant homology to other insect transferrins. Gene expression of SpliTrf was examined from different adult tissues including the …

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Activity Of Brassica Napus And Perilla Frutescens Microsomal \Omega-3 Desaturases Expressed In Yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae), Mohammed Abdelreheem, David Hildebrand Jan 2013

Activity Of Brassica Napus And Perilla Frutescens Microsomal \Omega-3 Desaturases Expressed In Yeast (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae), Mohammed Abdelreheem, David Hildebrand

Turkish Journal of Biology

Yeast transformations with Brassica napus and Perilla frutescens \omega-3 desaturases were carried out. Feeding experiments on exogenous 18:2 at 10 mg/L and 100 mg/L for both genes under this investigation showed the same activity levels over the 3 days of the incubation, producing almost the same amount of 18:3. To further investigate the characteristics of B. napus and P. frutescens \omega -3 desaturases, a time-course in vivo activity study was conducted. Both enzymes showed the same behavior over the time course, desaturating 18:2 into 18:3. Moreover, the use of 2 different temperatures for incubation (30 °C and 20 °C) did …

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Differential Expression Analysis Of Defense-Related Genes Responsive To Tilletia Indica Infection In Wheat, Aradhika Tripathi, Rashmi Aggarwal, Anita Yadav Jan 2013

Differential Expression Analysis Of Defense-Related Genes Responsive To Tilletia Indica Infection In Wheat, Aradhika Tripathi, Rashmi Aggarwal, Anita Yadav

Turkish Journal of Biology

Karnal bunt caused by Tilletia indica is a quarantine disease responsible for qualitative and quantitative losses in wheat. The present study aimed to determine the expression of defense-related genes involved in early stages of infection in response to T. indica by using the differential display reverse transcriptase-PCR method (DDRT-PCR) in susceptible (WL 711) and resistant (HD 29) cultivars of wheat. The DDRT-PCR banding profiles generated by the random primers in combination with oligo-dT primers of resistant and susceptible wheat plants were evaluated at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after inoculation. Out of 9 sets of primers, …

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Lignification Response For Rolled Leaves Of Ctenanthe Setosa Under Long-Term Drought Stress, Rabi̇ye Terzi̇, Nesli̇han Saruhan Güler, Ni̇hal Çalişkan, Asi̇m Kadioğlu Jan 2013

Lignification Response For Rolled Leaves Of Ctenanthe Setosa Under Long-Term Drought Stress, Rabi̇ye Terzi̇, Nesli̇han Saruhan Güler, Ni̇hal Çalişkan, Asi̇m Kadioğlu

Turkish Journal of Biology

Leaf rolling is a dehydration avoidance mechanism for plants under drought stress. To understand how it affects the lignification process in response to long-term drought stress in Ctenanthe setosa plants that have the leaf-rolling mechanism, the enzymes in lignification were studied in unrolled leaves as a control and at 2 different leaf rolling indices at days 35 and 47 of the drought period. The results indicated that the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, indole-3-acetic acid oxidase, soluble peroxidase, ionically wall-bound peroxidase, covalently wall-bound peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase were increased during long-term drought stress. However, nitrate reductase activity was decreased while …

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The Effect Of Sooty Mold On Fluorescence And Gas Exchange Properties Of Olive Tree, Sonia A. P. Santos, Conceicao Santos, Sonia Silva, Glória Pinto, Laura M. Torres, Antonio J. A. Nogueira Jan 2013

The Effect Of Sooty Mold On Fluorescence And Gas Exchange Properties Of Olive Tree, Sonia A. P. Santos, Conceicao Santos, Sonia Silva, Glória Pinto, Laura M. Torres, Antonio J. A. Nogueira

Turkish Journal of Biology

Sooty mold is a complex of dark-pigmented fungi that covers leaves and branches of the olive tree (Olea europaea L.). This coverage can bring several consequences for the plant, such as decrease of the photosynthetic rate. Therefore, this study aims to understand the effect of sooty mold on fluorescence and gas exchange of olive leaves. Olive leaves were field-collected and histological, physiological (water content, fluorescence parameters, and carbon dioxide fluxes), and biochemical (osmolality; chlorophyll a, b, and a/b contents; and lipid peroxidation) analyses were performed in healthy leaves and in leaves covered with sooty mold. Histological analysis revealed a complex …

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Activation Of The Jak/Stat Pathway In Human Neutrophils By Ndma, Wioletta Ratajczak Wrona, Ewa Jablonska, Marzena Garley, Jakub Jablonski, Piotr Radziwon, Agnieszka Iwaniuk Jan 2013

Activation Of The Jak/Stat Pathway In Human Neutrophils By Ndma, Wioletta Ratajczak Wrona, Ewa Jablonska, Marzena Garley, Jakub Jablonski, Piotr Radziwon, Agnieszka Iwaniuk

Turkish Journal of Biology

The study objective was to assess the role of the JAK/STAT pathway in the induction of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis with the involvement of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and in the generation of superoxide anion radical by human neutrophils (PMNs) exposed to N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA). Isolated PMNs were incubated in the presence of NDMA. The expression of the study proteins in the cytoplasmic and nuclear fraction was determined by western blotting. Total NO was assayed in cell cultures by Griess reaction. The ability of PMNs to generate superoxide anion radical was assessed using the cytochrome-c reduction test. The current results …

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Biopotential Of Verbesina Encelioides (Stem And Leaf Powders) In Silver Nanoparticle Fabrication, Himakshi Bhati-Kushwaha, Chander Parkash Malik Jan 2013

Biopotential Of Verbesina Encelioides (Stem And Leaf Powders) In Silver Nanoparticle Fabrication, Himakshi Bhati-Kushwaha, Chander Parkash Malik

Turkish Journal of Biology

Nanotechnology has opened new opportunities in the field of medical sciences and pharmaceuticals. Commercially, nanoparticles are in great demand in electronics, catalysis, chemistry, energy, and medicine. Today in nanoparticle production green synthesis, using biological material including medicinal plants as a starting material, is in vogue. In the present investigation the powder extract (stems and leaves) of an important medicinal plant, Verbesina encelioides, was used for the biosynthesis of bionanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were screened and characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and FTIR analyses. The particles were then subjected to antimicrobial assay. Comparative analyses of the antimicrobial …

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Genetic Diversity Of Golden Root (Rhodiola Rosea L.) In Northern Norway Based On Recently Developed Ssr Markers, Zsuzsanna György, Erling Fjelldal, Anna Szabó, Paul Eric Aspholm, Andrzej Pedryc Jan 2013

Genetic Diversity Of Golden Root (Rhodiola Rosea L.) In Northern Norway Based On Recently Developed Ssr Markers, Zsuzsanna György, Erling Fjelldal, Anna Szabó, Paul Eric Aspholm, Andrzej Pedryc

Turkish Journal of Biology

Roseroot (Rhodiola rosea L.), an adaptogenic herb, has received increased attention in recent years. The genetic diversity of roseroot was studied with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, which have not been widely used so far. Plants were collected in Finnmark County, Norway, from 10 habitats. Eight recently developed microsatellite (SSR) markers were used to assess genetic diversity. However, only 4 SSR markers were informative during this study. The primer pairs for these 4 SSR markers produced 20 fragments with an average of 5 putative alleles per locus. Observed heterozygosity was 1.0 at each locus, whereas expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.60 …

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Purification And Characterization Of Trehalase From Seeds Of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.), Maimona Kord, Elhusseiny Youssef, Hanaa Ahmed, Ebtesam Qaid Jan 2013

Purification And Characterization Of Trehalase From Seeds Of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.), Maimona Kord, Elhusseiny Youssef, Hanaa Ahmed, Ebtesam Qaid

Turkish Journal of Biology

In the present study, trehalase was purified and characterized from the seeds of Cicer arietinum L. ‘Giza 1’. Crude extract was prepared and purified for electrophoretic homogeneity using ammonium sulfate, chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, CM Sepharose, and Sephadex G-200. The final specific activity was 7 U/mg protein, with 232-fold purification. The purified enzyme exhibited its pH optimum at 5.5. The optimum temperature was 60 °C. The determined K_m value was 3.64 mM trehalose. The enzyme activity was stimulated by 20 mM Mn^{2+}, Ni^{2+}, or Co^{2+}, while it was inhibited by 20 mM Na^+, K^+, Li^+, Ca^{2+}, Zn^{2+}, Cu^{2+}, or Fe^{3+}. Zn^{2+} …

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Computational Design Of A Pentapeptide Inhibitor For Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3b (Fgfr3b), Mehmet Ali̇ Öztürk Jan 2013

Computational Design Of A Pentapeptide Inhibitor For Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3b (Fgfr3b), Mehmet Ali̇ Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Biology

Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) is a cell membrane protein and a member of the tyrosine kinase family. It has extracellular domains that can be activated by ligand binding, followed by receptor dimerization. FGFR3 has 2 isoforms, 3b and 3c. The R248C mutation in FGFR3b leads to ligand independent receptor dimerization and results in different kinds of dermatological diseases such as seborrheic keratoses, acanthosis nigricans, and epidermal nevi. In order to prevent the increased cellular signaling caused by the R248C mutation, a pentapeptide ligand was designed that recognizes the mutation and binds to the receptor dimerization site. Molecular docking and …

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Establishment And Optimization Of Cell Growth In Suspension Culture Of Papaver Bracteatum: A Biotechnology Approach For Thebaine Production, Reza Farjaminezhad, Nasser Zare, Rasool Asghari Zakaria, Manoochehr Farjaminezhad Jan 2013

Establishment And Optimization Of Cell Growth In Suspension Culture Of Papaver Bracteatum: A Biotechnology Approach For Thebaine Production, Reza Farjaminezhad, Nasser Zare, Rasool Asghari Zakaria, Manoochehr Farjaminezhad

Turkish Journal of Biology

Iranian poppy (Papaver bracteatum) is an important medicinal plant that is the main source of the opium alkaloids codeine, morphine, and thebaine. To establish an efficient protocol for cell suspension culture and growth, the effects of different plant growth regulators (2,4-D, NAA, BAP, and kinetin) on callus induction and cell suspension culture of Iranian poppy were evaluated. The maximum percentage of callus induction (86.67%) and fresh weight of callus were obtained in MS medium supplemented with 1 or 2 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.1 or 0.2 mg/L kinetin and 15 mg/L ascorbic acid. The addition of 15 mg/L ascorbic acid to the …

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Micropropagation And Antimicrobial Activity Of Curcuma Aromatica Salisb., A Threatened Aromatic Medicinal Plant, Shamima Akhtar Sharmin, Mohammad Jahangir Alam, Md. Mominul Islam Sheikh, Rashed Zaman, Muhammad Khalekuzzaman, Sanjoy Chandra Mondal, Mohammad Anwarul Haque, Mohammad Firoz Alam, Iftekhar Alam Jan 2013

Micropropagation And Antimicrobial Activity Of Curcuma Aromatica Salisb., A Threatened Aromatic Medicinal Plant, Shamima Akhtar Sharmin, Mohammad Jahangir Alam, Md. Mominul Islam Sheikh, Rashed Zaman, Muhammad Khalekuzzaman, Sanjoy Chandra Mondal, Mohammad Anwarul Haque, Mohammad Firoz Alam, Iftekhar Alam

Turkish Journal of Biology

A rapid and improved micropropagation protocol was developed for Curcuma aromatica, a threatened aromatic medicinal plant, using rhizome sprout as the explant. Stepwise optimization of different plant growth regulators, carbon sources, and basal media was adopted to establish an efficient micropropagation protocol. When cytokinins, such as benzyl amino purine (BAP) or 6-(\alpha,\alpha-dimethylallylamino)-purine (2iP), were used either singly or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) for shoot induction and multiplication, a single use of BAP was the most effective. As a carbon source, 3% (w/v) sucrose exhibits the greatest promotive effect on shoot initiation and proliferation compared with other carbon …

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Cytogenetic Effects Of Endogenous Sex Hormones Depending On Smoking Habits, Handan Erboğa, Hasan Basri̇ İla Jan 2013

Cytogenetic Effects Of Endogenous Sex Hormones Depending On Smoking Habits, Handan Erboğa, Hasan Basri̇ İla

Turkish Journal of Biology

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effects of periodical hormonal fluctuations related to the menstrual cycle on chromosome sensitivity and cytotoxicity. The study group consisted of 8 healthy donors (4 nonsmokers and 4 smokers). Cytogenetic tests were done in vitro (in test tubes), and the known mutagenic effect of mitomycin C was added to determine chromosome sensitivity. Blood was drawn from the donors at specified time intervals (follicular phase, ovulation phase, and luteal phase), and control groups and mitomycin C-treated groups were formed. In the controls, the highest sister chromatid exchange frequency was detected in the …

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The S-Genotyping Of Wild-Grown Apricots Reveals Only Self-Incompatible Accessions In The Erzincan Region Of Turkey, Julia Halasz, Attila Hegedus, Bernadett Szikriszt, Sezai̇ Erci̇şli̇, Emi̇ne Orhan, Hakan Murat Ünlü Jan 2013

The S-Genotyping Of Wild-Grown Apricots Reveals Only Self-Incompatible Accessions In The Erzincan Region Of Turkey, Julia Halasz, Attila Hegedus, Bernadett Szikriszt, Sezai̇ Erci̇şli̇, Emi̇ne Orhan, Hakan Murat Ünlü

Turkish Journal of Biology

The S-genotypes of 63 wild-growing Turkish apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) were determined by PCR amplification of the S-RNase intron regions and SFB gene in order to characterise their sexual (in)compatibility phenotype. We determined the complete S-genotype of 63 wild-grown apricot accessions that originated in the Erzincan region. Ten previously described and 2 new S-alleles (provisionally labelled S_X and S_Y) were identified in the genotypes. S_2 was the most frequent S-allele in the tested germplasm (occurred in 19 accessions), followed by S_8 (17), S_{19} (16), S_3 (13), S_{12} (11), S_6 (10), and S_7 (10); while S_{9}-, S_{11}-, and S_{13}-alleles were found …

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Evaluation Of Phytotoxic And Mutagenic Effects Of Some Cinnamic Acid Derivatives Using The Triticum Test, Alexandra Jitareanu, Silvica Padureanu, Gabriela Tataringa, Cristina Tuchilus, Ursula Stanescu Jan 2013

Evaluation Of Phytotoxic And Mutagenic Effects Of Some Cinnamic Acid Derivatives Using The Triticum Test, Alexandra Jitareanu, Silvica Padureanu, Gabriela Tataringa, Cristina Tuchilus, Ursula Stanescu

Turkish Journal of Biology

Five cinnamic acid derivatives [cinnamic acid, 2,3-dibromo-3-phenyl-propanoic acid, 2,3-dibromo-3-(3-bromophenyl)-propanoic acid, 2,3-dibromo-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid, and 2,3-dibromo-3-(3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-propanoic acid] were found to be active against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and their minimal bactericidal concentrations were determined (100 µg/mL). The first step in assessing their toxicological potential was the phytotoxicity and genotoxicity evaluation on Triticum aestivum. Wheat seeds were exposed to solutions of the tested compounds (100 µg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. The development of roots and seedlings, germination percentage, mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations, and total polyphenol content were analyzed. The substances caused in most experimental cases a slight inhibition in the growth of …

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In Vitro And In Silico Characterization Of Solanum Lycopersicum Wound-Inducible Proteinase Inhibitor-Ii Gene, Faiza Munir, Syed Muhammad Saqlan Naqvi, Tariq Mahmood Jan 2013

In Vitro And In Silico Characterization Of Solanum Lycopersicum Wound-Inducible Proteinase Inhibitor-Ii Gene, Faiza Munir, Syed Muhammad Saqlan Naqvi, Tariq Mahmood

Turkish Journal of Biology

Plant proteinase inhibitors (PIs) are antimetabolic defensive proteins conferring resistance in plants against a variety of competing organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, attacking nematodes, and insects. In the fields of plant biochemistry and molecular genetics research, tremendous success has been achieved in generating transgenic crops that have defensive approaches against biotic challenges. In this study, in vitro and in silico analysis was carried out for a wound-inducible PI-II gene isolated from 4 selected varieties (Roma, Nagina, Moneymaker, and Rio Grande) of Solanum lycopersicum L. Around 684 bp of PI-II gene was amplified, sequenced, translated, modeled to protein structure, and …

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Phylogenetic Analysis Of Rhizoctonia Solani Ag-4 Isolates From Common Beans In Black Sea Coastal Region, Turkey, Based On Its-5.8s Rdna, Meli̇ke Çebi̇ Kiliçoğlu, İbrahi̇m Özkoç Jan 2013

Phylogenetic Analysis Of Rhizoctonia Solani Ag-4 Isolates From Common Beans In Black Sea Coastal Region, Turkey, Based On Its-5.8s Rdna, Meli̇ke Çebi̇ Kiliçoğlu, İbrahi̇m Özkoç

Turkish Journal of Biology

In this study, 114 Rhizoctonia solani isolates were obtained from diseased common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants from the Black Sea coastal region of Turkey. Genetic variation was determined among R. solani anastomosis group 4 (AG-4) subgroups (AG-4 HG-I and AG-4 HG-II). ITS-5.8 rDNA sequences of these isolates were aligned with other known R. solani sequences from GenBank, and distance and parsimony analysis were used to determine phylogenetic relationships. The R. solani AG-4 isolates were placed in 2 main lineages, corresponding to AG-4 HG-I and AG-4 HG-II. Based on phylogenetic analysis, genetic variations were shown in the AG-4 subgroups (especially …

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