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Articles 1261 - 1290 of 1776

Full-Text Articles in Biochemistry

The Formation And Stability Of Radical-Molecule And Radical-Radical Complexes And Their Importance In Atmospheric Processes, Jared M. Clark Aug 2011

The Formation And Stability Of Radical-Molecule And Radical-Radical Complexes And Their Importance In Atmospheric Processes, Jared M. Clark

Theses and Dissertations

This research explores the role that radical-molecule complexes play in the chemistry of Earth's atmosphere. The formation of such complexes can have direct and pronounced effects on the reaction and product outcome of atmospheric chemical reactions. Some attention is also given to the formation of radial-radical pre-reactive complexes in the HO + ClO system. Peroxy radicals (RO2) can form stable complexes with polar compounds such as H2O, NH3, and CH3OH. For the simplest RO2 radical, HO2, complex formation (e.g., HO2-H2O, HO2-NH3, and HO2-722;CH3OH) gives rise to a significant increase in the HO2 self-reaction rate constant. Although this phenomenon has been …

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Ferritin Diversity: Mechanistic Studies, Disease Implications, And Materials Chemistry, Robert Joseph Hilton Aug 2011

Ferritin Diversity: Mechanistic Studies, Disease Implications, And Materials Chemistry, Robert Joseph Hilton

Theses and Dissertations

The study of ferritin includes a rich history of discoveries and scientific progress. Initially, the composition of ferritin was determined. Soon, it was shown that ferritin is a spherical, hollow protein. Eventually, over several decades of research, the structure and some function of this interesting protein was elucidated. However, the ferritin field was not completely satisfied. Today, for example, researchers are interested in refining the details of ferritin function, in discovering the role of ferritin in a variety of diseases, and in using ferritin for materials chemistry applications. The work presented in this dissertation highlights the progress that we have …

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Characterization Of The Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mechanism Using Microscopic Imaging Of The Sample Surface, Michael Craig Wood Aug 2011

Characterization Of The Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mechanism Using Microscopic Imaging Of The Sample Surface, Michael Craig Wood

Theses and Dissertations

Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is an ambient ionization technique for mass spectrometry. This solvent based desorption ion source has wide applicability in surface analysis with minimal sample preparation. Interest in improving detection limits, broadening applications, and increasing the spatial resolution for chemical imaging has led to studies of the DESI mechanism. An inverted microscope has been used to image interactions between the DESI spray and test analytes on a glass surface. Microscopic images recorded with millisecond time resolution have provided important insights into the processes governing analyte transport and desorption. These insights are the basis of a rivulet-based model for …

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The Characterization Of Avian Polyomavirus, Satellite Tobacco Mosaic Virus, And Bacteriophage Cw02 By Means Of Cryogenic Electron Microscopy, Peter S. Shen Aug 2011

The Characterization Of Avian Polyomavirus, Satellite Tobacco Mosaic Virus, And Bacteriophage Cw02 By Means Of Cryogenic Electron Microscopy, Peter S. Shen

Theses and Dissertations

Viruses are the most abundant biological entity in the biosphere and are known to infect hosts from all domains of life. The aim of my work is to identify conserved and non-conserved features among the capsid structures of related and divergent icosahedral viruses via cryogenic electron microscopy, sequence analysis, molecular modeling, and other techniques. Bird polyomaviruses often cause severe disease in their hosts whereas mammalian polyomaviruses generally do not. Avian polyomavirus is a type of bird polyomavirus with an unusually broad host range compared to the restricted tropism of other polyomaviruses. Although most polyomaviruses have a conserved, rigid capsid protein …

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Synthesis Of A Chemical Probe For Identification Of Ger Receptor Proteins Of Bacillus Anthracis, Hyelee Lee Aug 2011

Synthesis Of A Chemical Probe For Identification Of Ger Receptor Proteins Of Bacillus Anthracis, Hyelee Lee

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Bacillus anthracis,a gram positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, is the causative agent of anthrax. A key step in the pathogenic cycle is the spore germination, where the dormant spore transforms into a metabolically active cell. This allows B. anthracis to proliferate and secrete toxins. It is believed that spore germination is triggered when small molecules, known as germinants, are recognized by germination (Ger) receptor proteins located in the inner membrane of spores. Most Ger proteins are encoded by tricistronic operons, resulting in three distinct products, the A-, B-, C-subunits. Genomic sequencing showed that B. anthracis has seven ger receptor …

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Thermal-Initiated Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Functionalization Of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes, Greg Curtzwiler, Philip Costanzo, Ray Fernando, Jeffrey E. Danes, Keith Vorst Jul 2011

Thermal-Initiated Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Functionalization Of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes, Greg Curtzwiler, Philip Costanzo, Ray Fernando, Jeffrey E. Danes, Keith Vorst

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Multiwalled-carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were functionalized via thermoinitiated free radical polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) using benzoyl peroxide. Tip sonication was used during the polymerization reaction to separate agglomerated nanotubes. The functionalization was confirmed by control experiments and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Differential scanning calorimetry indicated that the addition of poly(HEMA)-MWCNTs to a two-component polyurethane coating will have little effect on the glass transition temperature of the coating. The poly(HEMA)-functionalized MWCNTs formed large colloidal structures of highly dispersed nanotubes in both the nonsheared and sheared coatings as determined by atomic force microscopy. This study determined a quick …

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The Molecular Mechanism Of Migraine, Kristin Dawn Watson Jul 2011

The Molecular Mechanism Of Migraine, Kristin Dawn Watson

Theses and Dissertations

Migraine is a common, episodic neurological disorder that includes headache, nausea and hypersensitivity to sensory stimuli. During the headache phase of migraine, migraine patients can be especially hypersensitive to thermal stimuli. The unpredictable and episodic nature of migraine makes it difficult to treat and much of the mechanism of migraine has yet to be elucidated. A T44A substitution in casein kinase 1δ is inherited with migraine with aura. A transgenic mouse model suggests that animals with this mutation exhibit increased sensitivity to thermal stimuli after injection with nitroglycerin (NTG). We performed behavior assays that measure animal responses to thermal stimuli, …

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Structures Of Poliovirus And Antibody Complexes Reveal Movements Of The Capsid Protein Vp1 During Cell Entry, Jun Lin Jul 2011

Structures Of Poliovirus And Antibody Complexes Reveal Movements Of The Capsid Protein Vp1 During Cell Entry, Jun Lin

Theses and Dissertations

In the infection process, native poliovirus (160S) first converts to a cell-entry intermediate (135S) particle, which causes the externalization of capsid proteins VP4 and the N-terminus of VP1 (residues 1-53). The externalization of these entities is followed by release of the RNA genome, leaving an empty (80S) particle. Three antibodies were utilized to track the location of VP1 residues in different states of poliovirus by cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM). "P1" antibody binds to N-terminal residues 24-40 of VP1. Three-dimensional reconstruction of 135S-P1 showed that P1 binds to a prominent capsid peak known as the "propeller tip". In contrast, our initial …

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Quantifying The Flux Of Caco3 And Organic Carbon From The Surface Ocean Using In Situ Measurements Of O-2, N-2, Pco(2), And Ph, Steven Emerson, Christopher Sabine, Meghan F. Cronin, Richard Feely, Sarah E. Cullison Gray, Michael Degrandpre Jul 2011

Quantifying The Flux Of Caco3 And Organic Carbon From The Surface Ocean Using In Situ Measurements Of O-2, N-2, Pco(2), And Ph, Steven Emerson, Christopher Sabine, Meghan F. Cronin, Richard Feely, Sarah E. Cullison Gray, Michael Degrandpre

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Ocean acidification from anthropogenic CO2 has focused our attention on the importance of understanding the rates and mechanisms of CaCO3 formation so that changes can be monitored and feedbacks predicted. We present a method for determining the rate of CaCO3 production using in situ measureme nts of fCO(2) and pH in surface waters of the eastern subarctic Pacific Ocean. These quantities were determined on a surface mooring every 3 h for a period of about 9 months in 2007 at Ocean Station Papa (50 degrees N, 145 degrees W). We use the data in a simple surface ocean, mass balance …

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Novel Ion Trap Made Using Lithographically Patterned Plates, Ying Peng Jul 2011

Novel Ion Trap Made Using Lithographically Patterned Plates, Ying Peng

Theses and Dissertations

A new approach of making ion trap mass analyzers was developed in which trapping fields are created in the space between two ceramic plates. Based on microfabrication technology, a series of independently-adjustable electrode rings is lithographically patterned on the facing surfaces of each ceramic plate. The trapping field can be modified or fine-tuned simply by changing the RF amplitude applied to each electrode ring. By adjusting the potential function applied to the plates, arbitrary trapping fields can be created using the same set of ceramic plates. Unlike conventional ion traps, the electrodes of planar ion traps have a non-equipotential surface, …

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Investigating A Model Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography Stationary Phase With Vibrationally Resonant Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy, Arthur D. Quast Jun 2011

Investigating A Model Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography Stationary Phase With Vibrationally Resonant Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy, Arthur D. Quast

Theses and Dissertations

Reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) is a widely used technique for analytical separations but routinely requires empirical optimization. Gaining a better understanding of the molecular reasons for retention may mean more efficient separations with fewer trial and error runs to obtain optimized separations. Vibrationally resonant sum frequency generation (VR-SFG) is a surface specific technique that has allowed for in situ examination of model RPLC stationary phases under various solvent and pressure conditions. In order to improve on past work with model RPLC stationary phases two challenges had to be overcome. First, improved vibrational mode assignments of the C18 stationary phase were …

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Direct Imaging Of Two-State Dynamics On The Amorphous Silicon Surface, S. Ashtekar, Gregory E. Scott, J. Lyding, M. Gruebele Jun 2011

Direct Imaging Of Two-State Dynamics On The Amorphous Silicon Surface, S. Ashtekar, Gregory E. Scott, J. Lyding, M. Gruebele

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Amorphous silicon is an important material, amidst a debate whether or not it is a glass. We produce amorphous Si surfaces by ion bombardment and vapor growth, and image discrete Si clusters which hop by two-state dynamics at 295 K. Independent of surface preparation, these clusters have an average diameter of ~5 atoms. Given prior results for metallic glasses, we suggest that this cluster size is a universal feature. The hopping activation free energy of 0.93 ± 0.15 eV is rather small, in agreement with a previously untested surface glass model. Hydrogenation quenches the two-state dynamics, apparently by increasing surface …

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Progress Toward Theonellamide F, Jennifer Dawn Bettale Jun 2011

Progress Toward Theonellamide F, Jennifer Dawn Bettale

Theses and Dissertations

Theonellamide is a bicyclic peptide isolated from a marine sponge, which shows interesting biological activity. It contains several unnatural amino acids, among which are (2S,3R)-3-hydroxyasparagine (L-erythro-β-hydroxyasparagine) (β-OHAsn) and τ-L-histindino-D-alanine (τ-HAL). Although there were previous synthetic efforts toward each of these unnatural amino acids, the efforts were not ideal due to expensive starting material, time-consuming steps, and poor regioselectivity. The presented work demonstrates an inexpensive, enantioselective synthesis of β-OHAsn, which can be completed in a matter of weeks, as well as several attempts at a novel regiospecific approach toward τ-HAL, including work on a model study.

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Lipid Peroxidation And Neurodegenerative Disease, Tanea Reed Jun 2011

Lipid Peroxidation And Neurodegenerative Disease, Tanea Reed

Chemistry Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Lipid peroxidation is a complex process involving the interaction of oxygen-derived free radicals with polyunsaturated fatty acids, resulting in a variety of highly reactive electrophilic aldehydes. Since 1975, lipid peroxidation has been extensively studied in a variety of organisms. As neurodegenerative diseases became better understood, research establishing a link between this form of oxidative damage, neurodegeneration, and disease has provided a wealth of knowledge to the scientific community. With the advent of proteomics in 1995, the identification of biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders became of paramount importance to better understand disease pathogenesis and develop potential therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on …

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Applications Of Argentation Solid Phase Extraction To The Capsaicinoids: Purification Of Commercial Standards And Isolation Of Homodihydrocapsaicin (8-Methyl) From 'Bhut Jolokia', Robert Q. Thompson, Kathleen Loa Jun 2011

Applications Of Argentation Solid Phase Extraction To The Capsaicinoids: Purification Of Commercial Standards And Isolation Of Homodihydrocapsaicin (8-Methyl) From 'Bhut Jolokia', Robert Q. Thompson, Kathleen Loa

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Argentation solid phase extraction was employed to purify commercial standards of capsaicin (6-ene-8-methyl) and dihydrocapsaicin (8-methyl). The purity was improved from 96.7% to 99.6% and from 89% to 96%, respectively, with 75% and 60% yield, respectively. Reversed phase solid phase extraction, argentation solid phase extraction, and preparative liquid chromatography with a C30 phase were used to isolate capsaicinoids from the fruits of 'Bhut Jolokia' peppers. The compounds capsaicin (6-ene-8-methyl) and dihydrocapsaicin (8-methyl) comprised 74% and 21% of the total mass of capsaicinoids. respectively. The remaining 5% of the capsaicinoids mass included the compounds: nordihydrocapsaicin (7-methyl), N-vanillylnonanamide, two homocapsaicin isomers, N …

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The Exonuclease Activity Of Hpmc2 Is Required For Transcriptional Regulation Of The Qr Gene And Repair Of Estrogen-Induced Abasic Sites, N. Krishnamurthy, C. R. Ngam, Anthony J. Berdis, M. M. Montano May 2011

The Exonuclease Activity Of Hpmc2 Is Required For Transcriptional Regulation Of The Qr Gene And Repair Of Estrogen-Induced Abasic Sites, N. Krishnamurthy, C. R. Ngam, Anthony J. Berdis, M. M. Montano

Chemistry Faculty Publications

We have previously reported that the expression of antioxidative stress enzymes is upregulated by trans-hydroxytamoxifen (TOT) in breast epithelial cell lines providing protection against estrogen-induced DNA damage. This regulation involves Estrogen Receptor β (ERβ) recruitment to the Electrophile Response Element (EpRE) and a novel protein, human homolog of Xenopus gene which Prevents Mitotic Catastrophe (hPMC2). We have also demonstrated that ERβ and hPMC2 are required for TOT-dependent recruitment of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) and Topoisomerase IIβ (Topo IIβ) to the EpRE. Sequence analysis reveals that the C-terminus of hPMC2 encodes a putative exonuclease domain. Using in vitro kinetic assays, …

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Pcr Amplification Of Trypanosoma Cruzi - Specific Dna From Raccoon Blood Samples, Colin Moss May 2011

Pcr Amplification Of Trypanosoma Cruzi - Specific Dna From Raccoon Blood Samples, Colin Moss

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

The parasitic protist Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas Disease. Chagas Disease causes greater than 15,000 deaths each year, and nearly 28 million people are believed to be at risk of infection in Central and South America. This parasite has been described in many mammalian host species and has also been described in the United States. The purpose of this study was to attempt to use PCR to amplify T. cruzi-specific DNA directly from blood samples obtained from raccoons (Procyon lotor) trapped in Warren and Barren Counties of Kentucky in 2007 and 2008. DNA was …

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Characterization Of Esterase Activity From The Bacteria, Francisella Tularensis, The Causative Agent Of Tularemia, Leigh Anna Weston May 2011

Characterization Of Esterase Activity From The Bacteria, Francisella Tularensis, The Causative Agent Of Tularemia, Leigh Anna Weston

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

Francisella tularensis is the bacteria responsible for causing the disease tularemia and is listed as one of the top three-biowarfare agents. Among the proteins essential to the virulence and infectivity of F.tularensis are multiple esterases, which are enzymes that break down various ester, thioester, and amide bonds. In this project, the catalytic activity, substrate speci fi city, and structure of a putative esterase from F.tularensis was studied. Latent fluorophores based on the molecule, fluorescein, were unmasked by the enzymatic activity of the esterase and the increase in fluorescence was measured over time to determine how well the e tcrase recognized …

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Chiral Recognition Study Of A Bimolecular Process In Amino Acid Chiral Ionic Liquids, Laurel Millikan Heckman May 2011

Chiral Recognition Study Of A Bimolecular Process In Amino Acid Chiral Ionic Liquids, Laurel Millikan Heckman

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

In this study, chiral ionic liquid (CIL) solvents were prepared and tested for their chiral discrimination ability by probing with luminescence quenching. The CIL's were also tested for their impurities, viscosity and density. These experiments will help to determine the ability of CIL's to act as solvents in asymmetric catalysis. The chiral ionic liquids in this study were composed of amino acid methyl ester cations and bis(trifluoromethane) sulfonimide or bistri flimide anions (i.e. I-alanine methyl ester bistriflimid e, d-alanine methyl ester bistr iflim ide and I-leuci ne methyl ester bistriflimde). Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) and its quenching in the chiral …

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An Assessment Of Stable Hydrogen-Isotope Analysis Methods To Assign Geographic Origin To Migratory Red-Tailed Hawks (Buteo Jamaicensis), Carla Marie Ahlschwede May 2011

An Assessment Of Stable Hydrogen-Isotope Analysis Methods To Assign Geographic Origin To Migratory Red-Tailed Hawks (Buteo Jamaicensis), Carla Marie Ahlschwede

Department of Environmental Studies: Undergraduate Student Theses

Stable-hydrogen isotopes are becoming an increasingly popular method of studying migratory birds, though sample preparation methods may affect results.  In this study I examined feathers from red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) to determine the relationship between measure of δD due to inter-feather variation or drying methods, assessed the accuracy of results by using two birds of known-origin and estimated possible natal origins of migratory red-tailed hawks.  Two feathers per individual were taken from 81 wild hawks caught at Hitchcock Nature Center near Crescent IA and from 2 rescued red-tailed hawks, Raptor Recovery Nebraska near Eagle, NE. 119 of the …

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The Applications Of Graphene And Its Derivatives For Heavy Metal Removal, Clemonne John Madarang May 2011

The Applications Of Graphene And Its Derivatives For Heavy Metal Removal, Clemonne John Madarang

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Heavy metal pollution is very prevalent in our environment. The entire removal of heavy metal and organic contaminants in natural water resources will not only affect the environment itself, but also can block the toxic contaminant transfers in food chains. Currently, there are many studies being done to remove these heavy metal ions from our water, such as reduction reactions, chemical precipitation, reverse osmosis and electrolytic recovery. One of the promising techniques is adsorption. The focus of this research is using graphene and its derivatives, such as silylated graphene oxide (GO), to adsorb heavy metals, specifically, lead. This research describes …

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Investigation Of Charge Recombination In Escherichia Coli Photolyase And Vibrio Cholera Cryptochrome Dash, Agnieszka Zieba May 2011

Investigation Of Charge Recombination In Escherichia Coli Photolyase And Vibrio Cholera Cryptochrome Dash, Agnieszka Zieba

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) is a mechanism of great importance in protein electron transfer and enzyme catalysis, and the involvement of aromatic amino acids in this process is of much interest. The DNA repair enzyme photolyase provides a natural system that allows for the study of PCET using a neutral radical tryptophan (Trp‘). In Escherichia coli photolyase, photoreduction of the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor in its neutral radical semiquinone form (FADH') results in the formation of FADH and Trp . Charge recombination between these two intermediates requires O A/T # the uptake of a proton by ~ Trp . The …

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Germline Cyst Formation And Development In Zebrafish, Tess Cherlin May 2011

Germline Cyst Formation And Development In Zebrafish, Tess Cherlin

Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All

In developing pre-natal mice, germline cysts are clusters or packages of cells consisting of individual oocytes. They are formed after the primordial germ cells move to the ovary during embryogenesis. The primordial germ cells divide, but do not completely separate. The cells within the cysts are linked by intercellular bridges, which end up breaking down leading to the formation of primordial follicles. The primordial follicles are oocytes surrounded by somatic cells called granulosa cells. Only one third of the original oocytes survive cyst breakdown and become the eggs that will be used by the mouse for her reproduction. This developmental …

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Protein-Lipid Interactions: Influence Of Anchoring Groups And Buried Arginine On The Properties Of Membrane-Spanning Peptides, Vitaly V. Vostrikov May 2011

Protein-Lipid Interactions: Influence Of Anchoring Groups And Buried Arginine On The Properties Of Membrane-Spanning Peptides, Vitaly V. Vostrikov

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Designed transmembrane peptides were employed for investigations of protein-lipid interactions by means of oriented solid-state deuterium NMR spectroscopy using isotope-enriched alanine residues. Using the model GWALP23 sequence (GGALW(LA)6LWLAGA) as a host peptide having single interfacial tryptophan anchor residues, the effects of different guest mutations were explored. Replacements of glycine residues 2 and 22 to positively charged lysine or arginine on both termini had little influence on the peptide average orientation. Conversely, glycine to tryptophan substitutions had profound effects, manifested in the increased dynamics and altered tilt direction of the peptide. While the charged residues at the peptide termini did not …

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Synthetic Dosage Lethality Screen With Actin Cytoskeleton In Yeast, Jessica Cho May 2011

Synthetic Dosage Lethality Screen With Actin Cytoskeleton In Yeast, Jessica Cho

Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All

The actin cytoskeleton is a vitally important organizing structure found in the cytoplasm of our cells. It contributes to essential cell functions from growth and cell division, development, signal transduction, adaptation, to gene expression. Interest in how regulation of the actin cytoskeleton---due to actin cytoskeleton's importance to cell function-may contribute to diverse human disease states such as the rampant cell division and metastasis that occurs in cancerous tissues. It has been further elucidated that many human genetic disorders are the result of complex haploinsufficiencies (CHI) and/or altered gene dosages at multiple loci. By reviewing a large number of potential Synthetic …

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Characterization Of Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora Bicupin Oxalate Oxidase Expressed In Pichia Pastoris, Patricia Moussatche, Alexander Angerhofer, Witcha Imaram, Eric Hoffer, Kelsey Uberto, Christopher Brooks, Crystal Bruce, Daniel Sledge, Nigel G. J. Richards, Ellen W. Moomaw May 2011

Characterization Of Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora Bicupin Oxalate Oxidase Expressed In Pichia Pastoris, Patricia Moussatche, Alexander Angerhofer, Witcha Imaram, Eric Hoffer, Kelsey Uberto, Christopher Brooks, Crystal Bruce, Daniel Sledge, Nigel G. J. Richards, Ellen W. Moomaw

Faculty Articles

Oxalate oxidase (E.C. 1.2.3.4) catalyzes the oxygen-dependent oxidation of oxalate to carbon dioxide in a reaction that is coupled with the formation of hydrogen peroxide. Although there is currently no structural information available for oxalate oxidase fromCeriporiopsis subvermispora (CsOxOx), sequence data and homology modeling indicate that it is the first manganese-containing bicupin enzyme identified that catalyzes this reaction. Interestingly, CsOxOx shares greatest sequence homology with bicupin microbial oxalate decarboxylases (OxDC). We show that CsOxOx activity directly correlates with Mn content and other metals do not appear to be able to support catalysis. EPR spectra indicate that the Mn is present …

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Differentiation Of Bacillus Endospores From Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Of Biomarkers Produced By Thermochemolysis Methylation, Tai Van Truong Apr 2011

Differentiation Of Bacillus Endospores From Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Of Biomarkers Produced By Thermochemolysis Methylation, Tai Van Truong

Theses and Dissertations

Methods for fast, simple detection of biomarkers to detect and differentiate closely related Bacillus endospores including Bacillus anthracis (BA), Bacillus thuringiensis (BT), Bacillus atrophaeus (BG), and Bacillus cereus (BC) using thermochemolysis and methylation (TCM), coiled wire filament (CWF), solid phase micro extraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were developed. The main biomarkers detected and used for differentiation include dipicolinic acid methyl ester (DPAME), fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), 3-methyl-2-butenoic acid methyl ester (3M2BAME), 2-butenoic acid methyl ester (2BAME), and several methylated sugars. TCM of endospores was performed based on hydrolysis and methylation at elevated temperature after the endospores were …

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Epistatic Roles For Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Muts And Dinb (Dna Pol Iv) In Coping With Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Dna Damage, Laurie H. Sanders, Babho Devadoss, Geraldine V. Raja, Jaime O'Connor, Shengchang Su, Daniel J. Wozniak, Daniel J. Hassett, Anthony J. Berdis, Mark D. Sutton Apr 2011

Epistatic Roles For Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Muts And Dinb (Dna Pol Iv) In Coping With Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Dna Damage, Laurie H. Sanders, Babho Devadoss, Geraldine V. Raja, Jaime O'Connor, Shengchang Su, Daniel J. Wozniak, Daniel J. Hassett, Anthony J. Berdis, Mark D. Sutton

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is especially adept at colonizing the airways of individuals afflicted with the autosomal recessive disease cystic fibrosis (CF). CF patients suffer from chronic airway inflammation, which contributes to lung deterioration. Once established in the airways, P. aeruginosa continuously adapts to the changing environment, in part through acquisition of beneficial mutations via a process termed pathoadaptation. MutS and DinB are proposed to play opposing roles in P. aeruginosa pathoadaptation: MutS acts in replication-coupled mismatch repair, which acts to limit spontaneous mutations; in contrast, DinB (DNA polymerase IV) catalyzes error-prone bypass of DNA lesions, contributing to mutations. As part of …

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Characterization Of Ips Pini Ipsdienol Dehydrogenase (Idol Dh), Heidi Pak, Claus Tittiger, William Welch Apr 2011

Characterization Of Ips Pini Ipsdienol Dehydrogenase (Idol Dh), Heidi Pak, Claus Tittiger, William Welch

Festival of Communities: UG Symposium (Posters)

Ipsdienol is an important pheromone component for pine engraver beetle, Ips pini. Ipsdienol is a ten carbon monoterpenoid secondary alcohol and ipsdienone is the corresponding ketone. We are characterizing the activity of recombinant IDOL DH produced in Sf9 (insect) cells. The enzyme has a high stereospecificity: (-) ipsdienol was found to be a substrate while (+)-ipsdienol was neither a substrate nor inhibitor. Closely related monoterpenoids, such as nerol, geraniol, and citral, were neither substrates nor inhibitors. Smaller compounds, such as 2-propanol, also failed to act as an inhibitor or substrate. This indicates the binding site of this enzyme is highly …

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Dicarbonyldichloridobis(Trimethylphosphane)Iron(Ii)–Carbonyldichloridotris(Trimethylphosphane)Iron(Ii)–Tetrahydrofuran (1/1/2), Nigam Rath, Meghan Stouffer, Matthew Janssen, John Bleeke Apr 2011

Dicarbonyldichloridobis(Trimethylphosphane)Iron(Ii)–Carbonyldichloridotris(Trimethylphosphane)Iron(Ii)–Tetrahydrofuran (1/1/2), Nigam Rath, Meghan Stouffer, Matthew Janssen, John Bleeke

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Works

The asymmetric unit of the title crystal, [FeCl2(C3H9P)3(CO)]·[FeCl2(C3H9P)2(CO)2]·2C4H8O, contains half mol­ecules of the two closely related FeII complexes lying on mirror planes and a tetra­hydro­furan solvent mol­ecule, one C atom of which is disordered over two sets of sites with site occupancy factors 0.633 (9) and 0.367 (9). In both FeII complex mol­ecules, a distorted octa­hedral coordination geometry has been observed around the Fe atoms. Weak intermolecular C-H...O inter­actions are observed in the crystal structure.

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