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Articles 421 - 450 of 497
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Comparative Anatomy And Histology Of The Mantle Cavity Of The Chitons (Polyplacophora) Mopalia Muscosa And Mopalia Lignosa, Theodore P. Winfield
Comparative Anatomy And Histology Of The Mantle Cavity Of The Chitons (Polyplacophora) Mopalia Muscosa And Mopalia Lignosa, Theodore P. Winfield
Theses and Dissertations
The chiton Mopalia muscosa ranges from the open rocky coast to the bay environment, whereas the related chiton Mopalia lignosa is restricted to the outer rocky coast. The mantle cavity currents, anatomy and histology were investigated. Mucous gland cells of Mopalia muscosa are goblet type secretory cells. Their apparent ability to deliver their secretion rapidly together with having a short restitution period probably accounts for Mopalia muscosa having success at invading the bay environment. The mucous glands of Mopalia lignosa consist primarily of cells with medium to coarse secretory granules. These cells apparently are not as efficient at handling suspended …
Population Dynamics, Habitat Selection, And Partitioning Of Breeding Raptors In The Eastern Great Basin Of Utah, Dwight Glenn Smith
Population Dynamics, Habitat Selection, And Partitioning Of Breeding Raptors In The Eastern Great Basin Of Utah, Dwight Glenn Smith
Theses and Dissertations
A comparative study of the breeding ecology of 12 raptor species was conducted in the eastern Great Basin from 1967-1970. The project was designed to determine the composition and densities, habitat selection, territoriality and predatory habits of raptorial birds in a semi-arid environment. All topics were analyzed comparatively, relating the requirements and activities of the 12 raptor species. Average yearly population densities of all species approximated 0.5 pairs per square mile. Predominant raptors were the Ferruginous Hawk and Great Horned Owl. The productivity of these and the other large raptors correlated closely with the abundance of their main food source, …
Autoradiographic Studies Of The Distribution Of Serotonin In The Rat Brain, Brent D. Wagstaff
Autoradiographic Studies Of The Distribution Of Serotonin In The Rat Brain, Brent D. Wagstaff
Theses and Dissertations
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), considered to be a synaptic transmitter within the central nervous system, has been shown to be localized mainly in the paleocortex of the brain. Others have shown disturbances of normal 5-HT metabolism to be associated with mental illness and disease. Attempts to inject tritium labelled 5-HT into cerebrospinal fluid of the rat brain for anatomical localization studies were·made. The following observations were noted, (1) there exists a perivascular space in which fluid flows and distribution is relatively uninhibited as compared to subarachnoid space, (2) the labelled 5-HT penetration of brain tissue parenchyma is restricted and radioactivity is …
Effect Of Exercise On Tissue Concentrations Of Thyroid Hormones And On Thyroxine Degradation Rate In The Rat, William W. Winder
Effect Of Exercise On Tissue Concentrations Of Thyroid Hormones And On Thyroxine Degradation Rate In The Rat, William W. Winder
Theses and Dissertations
Several methods were used to detect changes in thyroid activity and in degradation of thyroxine (T4) in exercising and sedentary control rats. Rats were run in a motor-driven exercise wheel over a three-week period at progressively increasing work loads and then were run 1.5-2 hours per day for 10-14 days before sacrifice. Disappearance of injected T4-125I from plasma was considerably enhanced by exercise. As determined by isotopic equilibration and paper chromatographic methods, T4 concentration was depressed in plasma and elevated in liver of exercised rats. No significant changes in T4 concentration were observed in heart, kidney, or gastrocnemius muscle. Thyroidal …
A Comparative Morphological Study Of Bryobia Rubrioculus (Scheuten) (Acarina: Tetranychidae), Robert Lee Frommer
A Comparative Morphological Study Of Bryobia Rubrioculus (Scheuten) (Acarina: Tetranychidae), Robert Lee Frommer
Theses and Dissertations
A comparative morphological study of Bryobia rubrioculus {Scheuten} from 24 worldwide sites was made to determine if enough significant variation existed to designate the mites from each locale as an isolated population. Forty-seven characters were then selected and measured for each mite and analyzed with Ward's error sum cluster analysis procedures. These analyses led to the conclusion that: {1} B. rubrioculus tends to form distinct populations within each respective locale, and mites from locales that did not form clusters are possibly a result of automictic parthenogenesis and introductions from other areas; {2} B. rubrioculus is distinctly separate from Bryobia praetiosa …
Environmental Factors That Influence The Timing Of A Cyclic En Masse Foraging Migration Of Ligia Occidentalis Dana (Crustacea: Isopoda) On The Northern Gulf Of California, J. Wanless Southwick
Environmental Factors That Influence The Timing Of A Cyclic En Masse Foraging Migration Of Ligia Occidentalis Dana (Crustacea: Isopoda) On The Northern Gulf Of California, J. Wanless Southwick
Theses and Dissertations
En masse foraging migrations of Ligia occidentalis Dana were conspicuous events on rocky beaches near Puerto Peñasco, Sonora, Mexico. Experiments were conducted to determine which factors of the environment contained the regulating rhythm for the migration, if indeed the event were cyclic. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory using a tide-simulation aquarium and in the field using mark and release techniques. A time-lapse photography system was used in the field to quantify isopod activity for comparison with environmental factors. A regular cycle for the foraging migration was found. It was in tune with both insolation and tidal cycles so that …
Effects Of Ionizing Radiations On Mite Populations At The Nevada Test Site, Richard Riddle Walker
Effects Of Ionizing Radiations On Mite Populations At The Nevada Test Site, Richard Riddle Walker
Theses and Dissertations
Population and community studies dealing with radiation stress have essentially neglected the mites. When references have been made to the responses of mite populations to ionizing radiation, the form of radiation has almost always been gamma. This study reports results of naturally occurring populations of desert mites, at the Nevada Test Site, to ionizing radiation--largely beta. Eighteen species groups were identified from Berlese samples and tested for stress responses with species diversity indices and analyses of variations in predator-prey ratios. General agreement with previous studies showed a decreasing pattern in these two tests within the controls. This was interpreted as …
Post-Mortem Examination Of Cattle And Sheep For Parasitic Helminths, Phil Duke Wright
Post-Mortem Examination Of Cattle And Sheep For Parasitic Helminths, Phil Duke Wright
Theses and Dissertations
A survey of helminth parasites of sheep and cattle was conducted to determine the incidence and distribution of these parasites that could be detected by post-mortem examination. Animals were obtained from local abattoirs within the valley, and the viscera were examined for the presence of helminth parasites. Parasites identifies from sheep in order of highest incidence were: Haemonchus contorus, Ostertagia cicumcinta, Chabertia ovina, Nematodirus spathiger, Trichostongylus colubriformis, Thysanosoma actinioides, Trichuris ovis, N. filicollis, Echinococcus granulosus, Strongyloides papillosus, O. ostertagi, Cooperia oncophora, Cysticercus tenuicollis, Fasciola hepatica, Oesophagostomum venulosum, Moniezia expansa, and M. benedieni. Those recovered from cattle in order of highest …
An Analysis Of Cattle Grazing On Steep Slopes, William Wayne Patton
An Analysis Of Cattle Grazing On Steep Slopes, William Wayne Patton
Theses and Dissertations
A field study was made to correlate cattle grazing patterns of steep terrain with the rest-rotation grazing system. Line-plot transects were positioned across each of three heavily grazed, steep canyons. The rest-rotation system as practiced on the Gooding Cattle Allotment is resulting in good forage use as the animals are grazing forage on slopes up to 60%. Level contour trails extending across slope faces made it possible for cattle to graze on steep slopes at distances up to 80 chains from water. Contour trails originate at watering loctions; hence better distribution of water could be expected to result in better …
The Hyobranchium And Throat Myology Of The Ambystomidae Of The United States, John E. Krogh
The Hyobranchium And Throat Myology Of The Ambystomidae Of The United States, John E. Krogh
Theses and Dissertations
The 16 species and subspecies of the Ambystomidae of the United States are placed into six groups according to their throat morphology as follows: The Dicamptodon group, the Rhyacotriton group, the A. annulatum-A. cingulatum group, the A. gracile-A. jeffersonianum-A. mabeei-A. macrodactylum-A. maculatum group, the A. talpoideum group, the A. opacum-A. texanum group, and the A. rosaceum-A. t. tigrinum-A. t. melanostictum-A. t. nebulosum group. Dicamptodon appears to be the most primitive group and Rhyacotriton the most specialized. Based on the morphology of the throat region it is suggested that A. rosaceum be placed in the tiger salamander group as a subspecies …
A Taxonomic Comparison To Uta Stansburiana Of The Great Basin And The Upper Colorado River Basin In Utah, Lloyd C. Pack
A Taxonomic Comparison To Uta Stansburiana Of The Great Basin And The Upper Colorado River Basin In Utah, Lloyd C. Pack
Theses and Dissertations
The lack of a comparative study between the Uta stansburiana of the Great Basin and Upper Colorado River Basin, and the fact that several reptile species have developed distinct populations in the Upper Colorado River Basin prompted this study. Twenty-one external characteristics of these lizards were compared, including several which had not been previously used in the separation of Uta stansburiana into subspecies. All of the statistical data were obtained from preserved specimens. Twelve of the twenty-one characteristics show significant differences between the Great Basin and Upper Colorado River Basin populations. The characteristics of back pattern and throat color show …
The Effect Of The Parasite Hymenolepis Diminuta On Iodine Economy In The Rat, David Gourdon Holmes
The Effect Of The Parasite Hymenolepis Diminuta On Iodine Economy In The Rat, David Gourdon Holmes
Theses and Dissertations
A balance of iodine within the rats is important for the maintenance of normal thyroid function. Because of Hymenolepis d[imi]nuta's affinity for certain nutrients, it may upset norma[l] iodine balance in the rat. To determine this, tapeworm-infected and non-infected rats were given 125Iodide orally and the percent uptake of iodide by the thyroid and the amount of radioac[tiv]ity in the tapeworms was determined. The percent distribution of the radio-iodinated compounds in the thyroid, tapeworms and feces was also determined. These procedures were repeated except 125Thyroxine was administered orally. There was a decrease in percent iod[id]e uptake by thyroids of tapeworm-infected …
Asexual Reproduction In Planaria Characteristics Of The Inhibitor(S), Linda Gail Sheffield
Asexual Reproduction In Planaria Characteristics Of The Inhibitor(S), Linda Gail Sheffield
Theses and Dissertations
A study was made of the postulated fission-inhibiting substance located in the cephalic region of Dugesia dorotocephala. Rearing decapitated planaria in four different concentrations (25, 50, 75 or 100 ug/ml) of head or whole body extract resulted in a positive correlation between the inhibition of fission rate and the concentration of extract. The difference in inhibitory activity between the two types of extracts was three percent at maximum. The inhibitory substance was partially inactivated at 60° C. There was a direct correlation between the length of time that the extract was heated and the inactivation of inhibitor. The active substance …
A Study Of The Electrophoretic Patterns Of Blood Serum Proteins From Two Populations Of Mountain Whitefish (Prosopium Williamsoni), Fred Richard Hansen
A Study Of The Electrophoretic Patterns Of Blood Serum Proteins From Two Populations Of Mountain Whitefish (Prosopium Williamsoni), Fred Richard Hansen
Theses and Dissertations
Electrophoretic patterns on polyacrylamide gels of blood serum proteins from 74 mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni Girard) were examined for differences as they pertained to two geographically isolated populations, age, and sex. Serum samples were acquired from two supposedly isolated populations, the lower Provo River and the lower Weber River. Comparisons among gels were made on the basis of protein distribution as indicated by number of fractions and their density. Serum proteins showed marked intraspecific differences between the males as well as the females of each population. No variations were found which could be attributed to degree of maturity. Definite pattern …
The Effects Of Herbicide Applications On The Animal Populations Of Aspen Communities, Carl Eugene Wadsworth
The Effects Of Herbicide Applications On The Animal Populations Of Aspen Communities, Carl Eugene Wadsworth
Theses and Dissertations
Approximately 475 acres of aspen, oak brush, and grass-forb-shrub communities were treated with herbicides. The populations of arthropods, birds, and mammals were investigated on treated and untreated areas and the results were compared. There was no difference between soil arthropod populations on treated and untreated aspen plots but a significant increase in these populations on treated meadow plots. The foliage insect populations were significantly lower on the treated aspen plots but were significantly higher on the treated meadow plots. The aquatic invertebrates were not affected by the treatments. Bird populations ware lower in the treated area during the nesting season …
A Comparative Study Of The Head And Thoracic Osteology And Myology Of The Skinks, Eumeces Gilberti Van Denburgh And Eumeces Skiltonianus (Baird And Girard), David F. Nash
Theses and Dissertations
Further clarification of the taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships of Eumeces gilberti and Eumeces skiltonianus is achieved by the comparisons of the skull, mandible elements, and the anterior myology of these two species. Figures are provided to compliment the descriptions. The study confirms their close relationship and few differences are observed. E. skiltonianus, however, appears to have more anatomical plasticity which suggests that E. gilberti may have arisen from the former.
A Survey Of The Helminth Parasites And Coccidia Of Cattle And Sheep In Utah Valley, Joseph Carl Fox
A Survey Of The Helminth Parasites And Coccidia Of Cattle And Sheep In Utah Valley, Joseph Carl Fox
Theses and Dissertations
A survey of gastro-intestinal parasites in cattle and sheep in Utah Valley was conducted. Cattle in the valley were not seriously parasitized by helminths, whereas sheep usually had heavy helminth infections. Ten genera of helminths and 8 species of coccidia were identified in cattle in the valley, and 14 genera of helminths and 8 species of coccidia were identified in sheep. In conjunction with the survey, meteorologic studies were conducted May through September, 1909, to ascertain the effects which irrigation had upon micro-environments on grass pastures in relation to the development of free-Iiving stages of gastro-intestinal nematodes of ruminants. The …
Changes With Growth In Selected Body Proportions Of The Woundfin Minnow (Plagopterus Argentissimus Cope: Cyprinidae), Edward James Peters
Changes With Growth In Selected Body Proportions Of The Woundfin Minnow (Plagopterus Argentissimus Cope: Cyprinidae), Edward James Peters
Theses and Dissertations
In this study 883 specimens of the woundfin minnow (Plagopterus argentissimus Cope) from the Virgin River in Utah, were weighed and measured. Ratios of body measurements to standard length, and gonad weight to total weight were calculated. From the gonad weight:total weight ratios it was determined that woundfins spawn during a period from April through June, and that the first significant gonad development is during the third year of life. Several body proportions such as, snout length, gape, upper jaw length and peduncle depth grew nearly isometrically. Growth of other body proportions was more or less allometric. Head length, body …
Age And Growth Of White Bass, Roccus Chrysops (Rafinesque), In Mud Lake, Near Provo, Utah, Frederick Edward Trapnell
Age And Growth Of White Bass, Roccus Chrysops (Rafinesque), In Mud Lake, Near Provo, Utah, Frederick Edward Trapnell
Theses and Dissertations
This study was conducted to obtain information that could be used in the management of the Utah and Mud lake white bass fishery. It also provides data for evaluating the effect of the loss of Mud Lake on the white bass utilizing it. Determination of age, growth rate, and coefficient of condition of the Mud lake white bass were objectives in this study. The occurrence of organisms in the digestive tracts of 64 white bass as well as the movement of white bass into and out of Mud Lake were also studied. Hoop nets, a continuous mesh gill net, and …
Inhibition Of Asexual Reproduction In Planaria, Lewis Hafen Leavitt
Inhibition Of Asexual Reproduction In Planaria, Lewis Hafen Leavitt
Theses and Dissertations
Asexual reproduction in the decapitated planaria, Dugesia dorotocephala, is inhibited by an extract of homogenized heads of the same or closely-related species. Decapitated planaria allowed to regenerate have reproduced asexually over 80% of the time, while those that have been cultured in a suspension of head homogenate have had asexual reproduction inhibited to less than 10%. The substance that inhibits asexual reproduction is heat labile. It requires a concentration of 2.0 heads/ml that contains .13 mg protein/ml to effectively inhibit asexual reproduction. A similar concentration of head homogenate from the related planaria, Dugesia tigrina, also contains the inhibitory substance. Head …
Social Structure Of Small Mammal Populations At The National Reactor Testing Station, Idaho, R. Lynn Speth
Social Structure Of Small Mammal Populations At The National Reactor Testing Station, Idaho, R. Lynn Speth
Theses and Dissertations
This investigation examined the social structure of four species of small mammals (Perognathus parvus (Peale), Reithrodontomys megalotis (Baird), Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner), and Dipodomys ordi (Woodhouse) at the National Reactor Testing Station (NRTS) in Idaho. An understanding of the social structure provides ecological clues concerning the integration of interactions, reproduction, distributions, densities, and diel activities for not only one animal and species, but for a complex of animals interacting with each other.
The Fisheries Of Deer Creek Reservoir, Utah, With Special Emphasis On The Yellow Perch (Perca Flavescens Mitchill), Gale R. Lewellen
The Fisheries Of Deer Creek Reservoir, Utah, With Special Emphasis On The Yellow Perch (Perca Flavescens Mitchill), Gale R. Lewellen
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis is concerned with the fisheries of Deer Creek Reservoir, Wasatch County, Utah, with special emphasis on the yellow perch. The study period was from May 13 to November 24, 1968. Objectives included the determination of size, age, and food habits of the yellow perch. Parasitic occurrences in the perch population by Ligula intestinalis were also recorded as well as the utilization of the perch by the fishermen. Observations on other species of fish including an analysis of rainbow trout stocking programs were also objectives of this thesis. Data was gathered by means of creel census and fish collection …
The Effect Of Pregnancy And Lactation On The Iodine Compounds In The Tissues And Plasma Of The Rat, Harry Jay Lyons
The Effect Of Pregnancy And Lactation On The Iodine Compounds In The Tissues And Plasma Of The Rat, Harry Jay Lyons
Theses and Dissertations
An isotopic equilibrium method was employed, based on the chronic feeding of an 125I-labeled diet of known specific activity, to determine the distribution and quantitation of endogenously labeled iodine-containing compounds in the female rat at various periods during gestation and post-parturition. A decrease was associated with gestation in the total iodine, which was significant in all extrathyroidal tissues except the brain and muscle, and a fall in thyroxine concentration which was significant in all extrathyroidal tissues except the heart. The triiodothyronine level decreased from the control values in gestation but not as consistently. There was also a significant decrease in …
Scorpions Of Utah, John D. Johnson
Scorpions Of Utah, John D. Johnson
Theses and Dissertations
Scorpions from Utah were collected and studied to determine species present, geographic distribution, seasonal occurrence, sex ratio, and some morphological variations associated with distribution. Nine species were identified--Anuroctonus phaeodactylus, Centruroides sculpturatus, Hadrurus arizonensis, H. spadix, Vejovis becki, V. boreus, V. confusus, V. wupatkiensis, and an undescribed species of Vejovis, subgenus Paruroctonus. Five species--C. sculpturatus, H. arizonensis, V. becki, V. confusus, and V. wupatkiensis--are reported from Utah for the first time. Most specimens were collected from May through October, with greatest numbers taken in May, June, and July. Sex ratios differed with the species. Two species--A. phaeodactylus and V. boreus--showed statistically …
The Ecology And Life History Of Sceloporus Occidentalis Longipes Baird On Rainier Mesa At Nevada Test Site, James Mark Hopkin
The Ecology And Life History Of Sceloporus Occidentalis Longipes Baird On Rainier Mesa At Nevada Test Site, James Mark Hopkin
Theses and Dissertations
The study was undertaken to learn the life history of Sceloporus occidentalis longipes and its environmental adaptations on a high plateau (Rainier Mesa) with an elevation of 2,286 meters, at the Atomic Energy Commission's Nevada Test Site in Nye County, Nevada. The lizards emerge from hibernation in April with the males preceeding the females by a period of one to two weeks or more. Mating occurs in late April, May, and perhaps early June. Eggs are laid between 10 June and 15 July. Clutches of 9 to 15 eggs are laid with the younger females usually laying 9 eggs. No …
Overwintering Sites And Winter Mortality Rates Of Certain Predaceous Mites In Central Utah Orchards (Phytoseiidae: Typhlodromus), John Wayne Leetham
Overwintering Sites And Winter Mortality Rates Of Certain Predaceous Mites In Central Utah Orchards (Phytoseiidae: Typhlodromus), John Wayne Leetham
Theses and Dissertations
The overwintering habitats and winter mortality rates of predaceous mites (Phytoseiidae: Typhlodromus) were investigated during three successive winters, 1965-66, 1966-67, and 1967-68. Three species were predominant in derelict apple orchards, Typhlodromus mcgregori Chant on twigs and spurs and rough bark of scaffold limbs and trunk, Typhlodromus occidentalis Nesbitt on rough bark of scaffold limbs and trunk, and Amblyseius cucumeris Oudemans in ground cover. Other species (Typhlodromus columbiensis Chant, Typhlodromus caudiglans Schuster, Amblyseius fallacis (Garman), Amblyseius ovatus (Garman), Amblyseius floridanus (Muma), and Amblyseius rosellus Chant) were collected only incidentally. Substantial numbers of T. mcgregori and T. occidentalis were found to fall …
Nesting Ecology Of The Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo Regalis) In West-Central Utah, John Bradford Weston
Nesting Ecology Of The Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo Regalis) In West-Central Utah, John Bradford Weston
Theses and Dissertations
During the spring seasons of 1967 and 1968 ecological studies were made of nesting Ferruginou.s Hawks (Buteo regalis) in a 325 square mile area in west-central Utah. In the springs of 1967 and 1968 a systematic search was conducted throughout the study area for Ferruginous Hawk nests. When active nests were located they were kept under observation throughout the study. The density of nesting pairs in 1967 and 1968 ranged from 7 to 15.4 square miles per pair. An annual seasonal displacement was exhibited, with Ferruginous Hawks being present in the study area only during the nesting season, which lasted …
A Study Of The Channel Catfish, Ictalurus Punctatus (Rafinesque), In Mud Lake, Utah, Horst Friedrich Siewert
A Study Of The Channel Catfish, Ictalurus Punctatus (Rafinesque), In Mud Lake, Utah, Horst Friedrich Siewert
Theses and Dissertations
From June to November 1967, a study on channel catfish, lctalurus punctatus (Rafinesque), in Mud Lake, Utah Co., Utah was undertaken. The objectives were (I) to estimate if channel catfish are increasing or decreasing in Mud Lake, (2) to estimate the mean size of adult channel catfish in Mud lake, (3) to determine which environmental factors effect the catch of channel catfish, and (4) to determine if the channel catfish in Mud lake are residents year round. A total of 310 mature channel catfish and 920 carp were collected with four hoop nets. Two fingerling were captured by seining. Ratios …
Nesting Ecology Of The Great Horned Owl Bubo Virginianus In Central Western Utah, Dwight Glenn Smith
Nesting Ecology Of The Great Horned Owl Bubo Virginianus In Central Western Utah, Dwight Glenn Smith
Theses and Dissertations
Information was collected on the nesting ecology of the Great Horned Owl, with particular emphasis placed on aspects of its population and distribution, territoriality and predation. The study was conducted for the two years, 1967 and 1968 in the Thorpe and Topliff hills of central western Utah. Nesting densities on the study area were .36 pairs per square mile in 1967 and .40 pairs per square mile in 1968. Nests averaged one mile apart and were distributed in the periphery of the hills, overlooking the desert valleys. Favorite nest sites were cliff niches, but abandoned quarries and junipers were also …
An Investigation Of A Thyroidal Control Of Water Balance In The Leopard Frog, Rana Pipiens, Scott Mcclung Martin
An Investigation Of A Thyroidal Control Of Water Balance In The Leopard Frog, Rana Pipiens, Scott Mcclung Martin
Theses and Dissertations
A possible thyroidal control of water balance in the leopard frog, Rana pipiens, was investigated by (1) chemically thyroidectomizing intact animals by chronic injections of the goitrogen, 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU ), or making animals hyperthyroid with thyroxine injections, and (2) dehydration of the frogs in a flow of air to enhance the rate of water loss through the skin, followed by rehydration in tap water until the animals regained their former weight. Radioiodine was employed in limited studies on the frog thyroid gland to ascertain the effects on thyroidal function caused by PTU. The frogs were dehydrated in desiccators in which …