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Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

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Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Consumer Sensory Acceptance And Value Of Domestic, Canadian, And Australian Grass-Fed Beef Steaks, B. M. Sitz, Chris R. Calkins, D. M. Feuz, W. J. Umberger, Kent M. Eskridge Jan 2005

Consumer Sensory Acceptance And Value Of Domestic, Canadian, And Australian Grass-Fed Beef Steaks, B. M. Sitz, Chris R. Calkins, D. M. Feuz, W. J. Umberger, Kent M. Eskridge

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

To determine US consumer acceptance and value of beef from various countries, 24 taste panels of consumers (n = 273 consumers) were conducted in Denver and Chicago. Two pairs of strip steaks were evaluated for flavor, juiciness, tenderness, and overall acceptability on eight-point hedonic scales. One pair consisted of an Australian grass-fed strip steak and a domestic strip steak, whereas the other pair included Canadian and domestic strip steaks. The pairs were matched to similar Warner-Bratzler shear values and marbling scores to decrease variation associated with tenderness and juiciness. A variation of the Vickery auction was used to obtain silent, …

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Follicular Development And Maturation In Gilts Selected For An Index Of High Ovulation Rate And High Prenatal Survival, H.-W. Yen, J. J. Ford, D. R. Zimmerman, R. K. Johnson Nov 2004

Follicular Development And Maturation In Gilts Selected For An Index Of High Ovulation Rate And High Prenatal Survival, H.-W. Yen, J. J. Ford, D. R. Zimmerman, R. K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Seventy-one 10th-generation gilts from White Line-1 (WL-1 = randomly selected control line) and White Line-2 (WL-2 = selected for an index of ovulation rate and prenatal survival rate) were used to compare the pattern of follicular development and atresia during the follicular phase of the estrous cycle. Gilts were treated with PGF2α on d 13 of the estrous cycle (d 0 of induced follicular development) to induce luteolysis and assigned randomly within line and sire for ovary recovery on d 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, and the day after estrus. Ovaries were evaluated for numbers of corpora albicantia and …

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Microarray Profiling For Differential Gene Expression In Ovaries And Ovarian, A. R. Caetano, R. K. Johnson, J. J. Ford, Daniel Pomp Nov 2004

Microarray Profiling For Differential Gene Expression In Ovaries And Ovarian, A. R. Caetano, R. K. Johnson, J. J. Ford, Daniel Pomp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

A unique index line of pigs created by long-term selection ovulates on average 6.7 more ova than its randomly selected control line. Expression profiling experiments were conducted to identify differentially expressed genes in ovarian tissues of the index and control lines during days 2–6 of the follicular phase of the estrous cycle. Fluorescently labeled cDNAs derived from ovary and follicle RNA were cohybridized on microarray slides (n = 90) containing 4608 follicle-derived probes printed in duplicate. Statistical analysis of the resulting ~1.6 million data points with a mixed-model approach identified 88 and 74 unique probes, representing 71 and 59 …

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A Large-Sample Qtl Study In Mice: Iii. Reproduction, Joao L. Rocha, Eugene J. Eisen, Frank Siewerdt, L. Dale Van Vleck, Daniel Pomp Nov 2004

A Large-Sample Qtl Study In Mice: Iii. Reproduction, Joao L. Rocha, Eugene J. Eisen, Frank Siewerdt, L. Dale Van Vleck, Daniel Pomp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Using lines of mice having undergone long-term selection for high and low growth, a large-sample (n ≈ 1000 F2) experiment was conducted to gain further understanding of the genetic architecture of complex polygenic traits. Composite interval mapping on data from 10-week-old F2 females (n = 439) detected 15 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on 5 chromosomes that influence reproduction traits characterized at day 16 of gestation. These QTL are broadly categorized into two groups: those where effects on the number of live fetuses (LF) were accompanied by parallel effects on the number of dead fetuses (DF), and those free …

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A Genome Scan For Quantitative Trait Loci And Imprinted Regions Affecting Reproduction In Pigs, J. W. Holl, J. P. Cassady, D. Pomp, R. K. Johnson Nov 2004

A Genome Scan For Quantitative Trait Loci And Imprinted Regions Affecting Reproduction In Pigs, J. W. Holl, J. P. Cassady, D. Pomp, R. K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Quantitative trait loci for reproductive traits in a three-generation resource population of a cross between low-indexing pigs from a control line and high-indexing pigs from a line selected 10 generations for increased index of ovulation rate and embryonic survival are reported. Phenotypic data were collected in F2 females for birth weight (BWT, n = 428), weaning weight (WWT, n = 405), age at puberty (AP, n = 295), ovulation rate (OR, n = 423), number of fully formed pigs (FF, n = 370), number of pigs born alive (NBA, n = 370), number of mummified pigs (MUM, n = 370), …

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National Pork Producers Council Maternal Line Genetic Evaluation: A Comparison Of Growth And Carcass Traits In Terminal Progeny, J. P. Cassidy, O. W. Robison, R. K. Johnson, J. W. Mabry, L. L. Christian, M. D. Tokach, R. K. Miller, R. N. Goodwin Nov 2004

National Pork Producers Council Maternal Line Genetic Evaluation: A Comparison Of Growth And Carcass Traits In Terminal Progeny, J. P. Cassidy, O. W. Robison, R. K. Johnson, J. W. Mabry, L. L. Christian, M. D. Tokach, R. K. Miller, R. N. Goodwin

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to compare growth and carcass traits of 1,252 progeny of six commercially available dam lines included in the National Pork Producers Council Maternal Line Evaluation Project. Lines compared included one maternal line supplied by each of American Diamond Swine Genetics (ADSG), Danbred NA (DB), two lines supplied by Monsanto Choice Genetics (DK and GPK347), Newsham Hybrids (NH), and Landrace × Large White females supplied by the National Swine Registry (NSR). All females were mated to DB, Duroc-Hampshire terminal sires. Traits analyzed were ADG from 56 to 115 kg live weight, days to 115 kg, …

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Heterosis For Grain Yield And Other Agronomic Traits In Foxtail Millet, M. M. Siles, William K. Russell, Lenis Alton Nelson, David D. Baltensperger, Blaine Johnson, L. Dale Van Vleck, Stanley G. Jensen, Gary L. Hein Oct 2004

Heterosis For Grain Yield And Other Agronomic Traits In Foxtail Millet, M. M. Siles, William K. Russell, Lenis Alton Nelson, David D. Baltensperger, Blaine Johnson, L. Dale Van Vleck, Stanley G. Jensen, Gary L. Hein

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.] is a largely self-pollinating species that is used as a warm-season annual in the USA. Nearly all cultivars of this species grown in the USA are selections from land races. This research was undertaken to determine whether sufficient high-parent heterosis is expressed in foxtail millet for grain yield and other key traits to justify the development and use of varietal crosses. Seven diverse parents and 21 F2s and 21 F3s produced from biparental crosses were evaluated in five environments in 1996. Genotype x environment interaction was highly significant …

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Comparison Of Models Including Cytoplasmic Effects For Traits Of Rambouillet Sheep, G. D. Snowder, K. J. Hanford, L. Dale Van Vleck Oct 2004

Comparison Of Models Including Cytoplasmic Effects For Traits Of Rambouillet Sheep, G. D. Snowder, K. J. Hanford, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The objective was to determine appropriate analytical models considering cytoplasmic inheritance for birth weight (BWT, n = 35,604), weaning weight (WWT, n = 34,114), fleece weight (FWT, n = 38,113) and number born (NB, n = 39,029) for Rambouillet sheep. For BWT, models that included dam by year, dam by number born, and sire by dam effects, in addition to direct and maternal effects, were significantly better than the basic maternal effects model. For WWT, variances due to direct, maternal, and maternal permanent environmental effects (0.05 of variance) were not zero. For FWT, heritability was 0.55 for all models, but …

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Evaluation Of Gene Expression In Pigs Selected For Enhanced Reproduction Using Differential Display Pcr And Human Microarrays: I. Ovarian Follicles, C. D. Gladney, G. R. Bertani, R. K. Johnson, Daniel Pomp Oct 2004

Evaluation Of Gene Expression In Pigs Selected For Enhanced Reproduction Using Differential Display Pcr And Human Microarrays: I. Ovarian Follicles, C. D. Gladney, G. R. Bertani, R. K. Johnson, Daniel Pomp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Differential display PCR (ddPCR) and complementary DNA microarray analyses were used to evaluate gene expression differences in porcine ovarian follicles between a line of pigs selected for an index of ovulation rate and embryo survival (Line I) and its randomly selected control line (Line C). Follicles (4.0 to 7.0 mm) were dissected from ovaries of multiparous sows (n = 27) at either 2 or 4 d following PGF2α analog injection on d 12 to 14 of the estrous cycle. Using ddPCR, differentially expressed bands (n = 282) were excised from gels and 107 were sequenced, yielding 84 unique porcine follicle …

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Heritability Estimates For Carcass Traits Of Cattle: A Review, Angel Rios Utrera, L. Dale Van Vleck Sep 2004

Heritability Estimates For Carcass Traits Of Cattle: A Review, Angel Rios Utrera, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

We present estimates of heritability for carcass traits of cattle published in the scientific literature. Seventy-two papers published form 1962 to 2004, which reported estimates of heritability for carcass traits, were reviewed. The unweighted means of estimates of heritability for 14 carcass traits by slaughter end point (age, weight, and fat depth) were calculated. Among the three end points, carcass weight, backfat thickness, longissimus muscle area, and marbling score were the carcass traits with the most estimates of heritability (56≤n≤66). The averages for these traits indicate that they are similarly and moderately heritable (0.40, 0.36, 0.40, and 0.37, respectively). However, …

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Effects Of Sire Misidentification On Estimates Of Genetic Parameters For Birth And Weaning Weights In Hereford Cattle, S. L. Senneke, M. D. Macneil, L. Dale Van Vleck Jul 2004

Effects Of Sire Misidentification On Estimates Of Genetic Parameters For Birth And Weaning Weights In Hereford Cattle, S. L. Senneke, M. D. Macneil, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Birth weights (4,155) and weaning weights (3,884) of Line 1 Herefords collected at the Fort Keogh Livestock and Range Research Laboratory in Miles City, MT, between the years of 1935 to 1989 were available. To study the effect of misidentification on estimates of genetic parameters, the sire identification of calf was randomly replaced by the identification of another sire based on the fraction of progeny each sire contributed to a yearly calf crop. Misidentification rates ranged from 5 to 50% with increments of 5%. For each rate of misidentification, 100 replicates were obtained and analyzed with single-trait and two-trait analyses …

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Number Of Calves Born, Number Of Calves Weaned, And Cumulative Weaning Weight As Measures Of Lifetime Production For Hereford Cows, G. E. Martinez, R. M. Koch, L. V. Cundiff, K. E. Gregory, L. Dale Van Vleck Jun 2004

Number Of Calves Born, Number Of Calves Weaned, And Cumulative Weaning Weight As Measures Of Lifetime Production For Hereford Cows, G. E. Martinez, R. M. Koch, L. V. Cundiff, K. E. Gregory, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Genetic parameters for lifetime production for cows with the opportunity to produce from 2 through 7 yr of age, as measured by the number of calves born (NB2, …, NB7), the number of calves weaned (NW2, …, NW7), and cumulative weaning weight (CW2,…, CW7), were estimated using data from 3,064 Hereford cows from a selection experiment with a control line (CTL) and three lines selected for weaning weight (WWL), yearling weight (YWL), and an index of yearling weight and muscle score (IXL). Weaning weights were adjusted to 200 d of age and for sex and age of dam. Estimates of …

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Genetic Parameters For Six Measures Of Length Of Productive Life And Three Measures Of Lifetime Production By 6 Yr After First Calving For Hereford Cows, R. M. Koch, L. V. Cundiff, K. E. Gregory, L. Dale Van Vleck Jun 2004

Genetic Parameters For Six Measures Of Length Of Productive Life And Three Measures Of Lifetime Production By 6 Yr After First Calving For Hereford Cows, R. M. Koch, L. V. Cundiff, K. E. Gregory, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Genetic parameters for length of productive life given the opportunity (LPL|O), measured as days between first calving and disposal conditioned on one of six opportunity groups, L1 through L6 (e.g., L2 is length of productive life in days given the opportunity to live 2 yr after first calving), and lifetime production (LP), measured as the number of calves born (NB), number of calves weaned (NW), and cumulative weaning weight (CW) by 6 yr after first calving, were estimated using records of 1,886 Hereford cows from a selection experiment with three selected lines and a control line. Weaning weights were adjusted …

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Responses To 19 Generations Of Litter Size Selection In The Ne Index Line. Ii. Growth And Carcass Responses Estimated In Pure Line And Crossbred Litters, D. B. Petry, J. W. Holl, R. K. Johnson Jun 2004

Responses To 19 Generations Of Litter Size Selection In The Ne Index Line. Ii. Growth And Carcass Responses Estimated In Pure Line And Crossbred Litters, D. B. Petry, J. W. Holl, R. K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Our objective was to estimate responses in growth and carcass traits in the NE Index line (I) that was selected for 19 generations for increased litter size. Differences between Line I and the randomly selected control line (C) were estimated in pure line litters and in F1 and three-way cross litters produced by mating I and C females with males of unrelated lines. Contrasts of means were used to estimate the genetic difference between I and C and interactions of line differences with mating type. In Exp 1, 694 gilts that were retained for breeding, including 538 I and …

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Responses To 19 Generations Of Litter Size Selection In The Nebraska Index Line. I. Reproductive Responses Estimated In Pure Line And Crossbred Litters, D. B. Petry, Rodger K. Johnson Mar 2004

Responses To 19 Generations Of Litter Size Selection In The Nebraska Index Line. I. Reproductive Responses Estimated In Pure Line And Crossbred Litters, D. B. Petry, Rodger K. Johnson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Our objective was to estimate responses in reproductive traits in the Nebraska Index line (I) after 19 generations of selection for increased litter size. Responses were estimated in dams producing pure line, F1, and three-way cross litters. A total of 850 litters were produced over six year-seasons, including 224 pure line litters, 393 F1 litters produced from I and C females mated with DanbredNALandrace (L) or Duroc- Hampshire (T) boars, and 233 litters by F1 L x I and L x C females mated with T boars. Contrasts of means were used to estimate the genetic …

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Age-Of-Dam Adjustment Factors For Birth And Weaning Weight Records Of Beef Cattle: A Review, Janice M. Rumpf, L. Dale Van Vleck Feb 2004

Age-Of-Dam Adjustment Factors For Birth And Weaning Weight Records Of Beef Cattle: A Review, Janice M. Rumpf, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Age-of-dam adjustment factors are used to pre-adjust birth and weaning weight data for national beef cattle genetic evaluations. Adjustments are used in order to make the means of the different age-of-dam subclasses similar so that a fair comparison of animals can be performed. A review was made of various research studies that have estimated age-of-dam adjustment factors for birth weight and weaning weight of beef cattle. In general, birth weight age-of-dam adjustment factors are the same across the sexes, but weaning weight age-of-darn adjustment factors differ across the sexes, with heifer calves receiving smaller adjustments than their male counterparts. Additionally, …

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Genetic Relationships Between Sex-Specific Traits In Beef Cattle: Mature Weight, Weight Adjusted For Body Condition Score, Height And Body Condition Score Of Cows, And Carcass Traits Of Their Steer Relatives, K. A. Nephawe, L. V. Cundiff, M. E. Dikeman, J. D. Crouse, L. Dale Van Vleck Feb 2004

Genetic Relationships Between Sex-Specific Traits In Beef Cattle: Mature Weight, Weight Adjusted For Body Condition Score, Height And Body Condition Score Of Cows, And Carcass Traits Of Their Steer Relatives, K. A. Nephawe, L. V. Cundiff, M. E. Dikeman, J. D. Crouse, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Data from the first four cycles of the Germplasm Evaluation Program at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC) were used to investigate genetic relationships between mature weight (MW, n = 37,710), mature weight adjusted for body condition score (AMW, n = 37,676), mature height (HT, n = 37,123), and BCS (n = 37,676) from 4- to 8-yr old cows (n = 1,800) and carcass traits (n = 4,027) measured on their crossbred paternal half-sib steers. Covariance components among traits were estimated using REML. Carcass traits were adjusted for age at slaughter. Estimates of heritability for hot carcass weight (HCWT); …

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Genetic Response To Selection For Weaning Weight Or Yearling Weight Or Yearling Weight And Muscle Score In Hereford Cattle: Efficiency Of Gain, Growth, And Carcass Characteristics, R. M. Koch, L. V. Cundiff, K. E. Gregory, L. Dale Van Vleck Feb 2004

Genetic Response To Selection For Weaning Weight Or Yearling Weight Or Yearling Weight And Muscle Score In Hereford Cattle: Efficiency Of Gain, Growth, And Carcass Characteristics, R. M. Koch, L. V. Cundiff, K. E. Gregory, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

An experiment involving crosses among selection and control lines was conducted to partition direct and maternal additive genetic response to 20 yr of selection for 1) weaning weight, 2) yearling weight, and 3) index of yearling weight and muscle score. Selection response was evaluated for efficiency of gain, growth from birth through market weight, and carcass characteristics. Heritability and genetic correlations among traits were estimated using animal model analyses. Over a time-constant interval, selected lines were heavier, gained more weight, consumed more ME, and had more gain/ME than the control. Over a weight-constant interval, selected lines required fewer days, consumed …

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A Large-Sample Qtl Study In Mice: I. Growth, Joao L. Rocha, Eugene J. Eisen, L. Dale Van Vleck, Daniel Pomp Jan 2004

A Large-Sample Qtl Study In Mice: I. Growth, Joao L. Rocha, Eugene J. Eisen, L. Dale Van Vleck, Daniel Pomp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

By use of long-term selection lines for high and low growth, a large-sample (n = ~1,000 F2) experiment was conducted in mice to further understand the genetic architecture of complex polygenic traits. In combination with previous work, we conclude that QTL analysis has reinforced classic polygenic paradigms put in place prior to molecular analysis. Composite interval mapping revealed large numbers of QTL for growth traits with an exponential distribution of magnitudes of effects and validated theoretical expectations regarding gene action. Of particular significance, large effects were detected on Chromosome (Chr) 2. Regions on Chrs 1, 3, 6, 10, …

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A Large-Sample Qtl Study In Mice: Ii. Body Composition, Joao L. Rocha, Eugene J. Eisen, L. Dale Van Vleck, Daniel Pomp Jan 2004

A Large-Sample Qtl Study In Mice: Ii. Body Composition, Joao L. Rocha, Eugene J. Eisen, L. Dale Van Vleck, Daniel Pomp

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Using lines of mice having undergone long-term selection for high and low growth, a large-sample (n = ~1,000 F2) experiment was conducted to gain further understanding of the genetic architecture of complex polygenic traits. Composite interval mapping on data from male F2 mice (n = 552) detected 50 QTL on 15 chromosomes impacting weights of various organ and adipose subcomponents of growth, including heart, liver, kidney, spleen, testis, and subcutaneous and epididymal fat depots. Nearly all aggregate growth QTL could be interpreted in terms of the organ and fat subcomponents measured. More than 25% of QTL detected map …

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New Alleles In Calpastatin Gene Are Associated With Meat Quality Traits In Pigs, Daniel C. Ciobanu, John W. M. Vleck, S. M. Lonergan, H. Thomsen, J. C. M. Dekkers, G. S. Plastows, M. F. Rothschild Jan 2004

New Alleles In Calpastatin Gene Are Associated With Meat Quality Traits In Pigs, Daniel C. Ciobanu, John W. M. Vleck, S. M. Lonergan, H. Thomsen, J. C. M. Dekkers, G. S. Plastows, M. F. Rothschild

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Suggestive QTL affecting raw firmness scores and average Instron force, tenderness, juiciness, and chewiness on cooked meat were mapped to pig chromosome 2 using a three-generation intercross between Berkshire and Yorkshire pigs. Based on its function and location, the calpastatin (CAST) gene was considered to be a good candidate for the observed effects. Several missense and silent mutations were identified in CAST and haplotypes covering most of the coding region were constructed and used for association analyses with meat quality traits. Results demonstrated that one CAST haplotype was significantly associated with lower Instron force and cooking loss and …

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Review: Re-Evaluation Of Phosphorus Requirements And Phosphorus Retention Of Feedlot Cattle, H. C. Block, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein Jan 2004

Review: Re-Evaluation Of Phosphorus Requirements And Phosphorus Retention Of Feedlot Cattle, H. C. Block, G. E. Erickson, T. J. Klopfenstein

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Phosphorus requirement recommendations for cattle are important for preventing over-feeding of P and excessive P excretion. Improved precision in managing P nutrition can reduce feedlot waste management concerns. Current beef recommendations (NRC, 1996) fail to account for absorption coefficient variation related to P source, whereas dairy recommendations (NRC, 2001) change absorption coefficients with P source. Maintenance and BW gain requirements for absorbed P do not represent underlying relationships. Maintenance P requirements reflect endogenous P loss arising from failure to reabsorb salivary P. Basing maintenance requirements on saliva P secretion and re-absorption rates should improve precision of maintenance requirement estimates. Gain …

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Effects Of Index Selection On The Performance And Carcass Composition Of Sheep Given Foods Of Different Protein Concentrations Ad Libitum., R. M. Lewis, G. C. Emmans, G. Simm Jan 2004

Effects Of Index Selection On The Performance And Carcass Composition Of Sheep Given Foods Of Different Protein Concentrations Ad Libitum., R. M. Lewis, G. C. Emmans, G. Simm

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Sheep of a line selected on an index to increase carcass lean content at 150 days of age (selected (S); no. = 90), and an unselected control line (control (C); no. = 90), were given ad libitum foods of three different protein concentrations (192, 141 and 120 g/kg dry matter). Growth was measured from about 21 to 114 kg live weight. The carcasses of each line were analysed for lean, fat and bone at three widely varying weights in both males and females. Level of protein did not affect the extent to tohidi S was superior to C in the …

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Effects Of Two Dried Forages, And A Choice Between Them, On Intake, Growth And Carcass Composition In Lambs Of Two Breeds And Their Cross, R. M. Lewis, J. M. Macfarlane, G. C. Emmans Jan 2004

Effects Of Two Dried Forages, And A Choice Between Them, On Intake, Growth And Carcass Composition In Lambs Of Two Breeds And Their Cross, R. M. Lewis, J. M. Macfarlane, G. C. Emmans

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The effects of for age type, breed type and sex on lamb growth and carcass composition, and their changes throughout growth, were measured. The three breed types were Scottish Blackface (no. =31), Suffolk (no. =28) and their reciprocal cross (no. =30). The lambs were given ad libitum a pelleted rye grass alone, pelleted lucerne alone or a choice of both. Each lamb was scanned using X-ray computed tomography to measure the weights of fat, lean and bone in the carcass at three proportions of mature body weight (0-30, 0·45 and 0·65). Live weights and food intake data were recorded weekly. …

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Performance Of Mouse Lines Divergently Selected For Heat Loss When Exposed To Different Environmental Temperatures. I. Reproductive Performance, Pup Survival, And Metabolic Hormones, P. M. Kgwatalala, J. L. Deroin, Merlyn K. Nielsen Jan 2004

Performance Of Mouse Lines Divergently Selected For Heat Loss When Exposed To Different Environmental Temperatures. I. Reproductive Performance, Pup Survival, And Metabolic Hormones, P. M. Kgwatalala, J. L. Deroin, Merlyn K. Nielsen

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Mouse populations differing in metabolic rate have been developed through selection for high (MH) and low (ML) heat loss, along with the unselected controls (MC). Objectives of the study were to compare the MH, ML, and MC lines for reproductive performance, pup survival, and metabolic hormones when reared at 12, 22, and 31°C, and to search for line × environment interactions. Conception and litter size were recorded on the parent generation mice introduced to the environments at 11 wk of age and bred after a 3-wk acclimatization period. Survival of pups (pre-weaning to 3 wk; post-weaning from 3 to 9 …

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Consumer Visual Preference And Value For Beef Steaks Differing In Marbling Level And Color, K. M. Killinger, Chris R. Calkins, W. J. Umberger, D. M. Feuz, Kent M. Eskridge Jan 2004

Consumer Visual Preference And Value For Beef Steaks Differing In Marbling Level And Color, K. M. Killinger, Chris R. Calkins, W. J. Umberger, D. M. Feuz, Kent M. Eskridge

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

To determine visual preference and value for fresh beef steaks differing in marbling level and color, consumers in Chicago and San Francisco (n = 124 per city) evaluated two pairs of steaks in a retail case. Steaks differing in marbling level (Modest/ Moderate vs. Slight) and color (bright, cherry-red vs. dark red) were purchased at retail stores in each city. Consumers selected their preferred steak in each pair, described their selection criteria, and provided the price they were willing to pay for each of the four steaks. There was a difference in visual preference in each city, with most consumers …

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Consumer Sensory Acceptance And Value For Beef Steaks Of Similar Tenderness, But Differing In Marbling Level, K. M. Killinger, Chris R. Calkins, W. J. Umberger, D. M. Feuz, Kent M. Eskridge Jan 2004

Consumer Sensory Acceptance And Value For Beef Steaks Of Similar Tenderness, But Differing In Marbling Level, K. M. Killinger, Chris R. Calkins, W. J. Umberger, D. M. Feuz, Kent M. Eskridge

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

To determine consumer sensory acceptance and value of beef steaks differing in marbling level (high = upper ²⁄₃ USDA Choice and low = USDA Select), but similar in Warner-Bratzler shear value, consumers in Chicago and San Francisco (n = 124 per city) evaluated two matched pairs of high- and low-marbled strip steaks, and had the opportunity to participate in a silent, sealed-bid auction to purchase steaks from the same strip loins as the samples. Consumers who purchased steaks also evaluated the steaks when prepared in their homes. Based on overall acceptability ratings, consumers were categorized into three groups: 1) those …

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A Comparison Of Consumer Sensory Acceptance And Value Of Domestic Beef Steaks And Steaks From A Branded, Argentine Beef Program, K. M. Killinger, Chris R. Calkins, W. J. Umberger, D. M. Feuz, Kent M. Eskridge Jan 2004

A Comparison Of Consumer Sensory Acceptance And Value Of Domestic Beef Steaks And Steaks From A Branded, Argentine Beef Program, K. M. Killinger, Chris R. Calkins, W. J. Umberger, D. M. Feuz, Kent M. Eskridge

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

To determine consumer sensory acceptance and value of branded, Argentine (grass-finished, aged 30+ d) and domestic (U.S. grain-finished beef, aged 9 d) strip loins were paired based on similar Warner- Bratzler shear force values (P = 0.34) and similar marbling levels (P = 0.82). Consumers in Chicago, IL, and San Francisco, CA (n = 124 per city), evaluated one pair of Argentine and domestic steaks, and had the opportunity to participate in a silent, sealed-bid auction to purchase steaks matching the taste panel samples. Consumers were categorized into three groups based on overall acceptability ratings: 1) those who found Argentine …

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Predicting Population Gene Frequency From Sample Data, R. M. Lewis, B. Grundy, L. A. Kuehn Jan 2004

Predicting Population Gene Frequency From Sample Data, R. M. Lewis, B. Grundy, L. A. Kuehn

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

With an increase in the number of candidate genes for important traits in livestock, effective strategies for incorporating such genes into selection programmes are increasingly important. Those strategies in part depend on the frequency of a favoured allele in a population. Since comprehensive genotyping of a population is seldom possible, we investigate the consequences of sampling strategies on the reliability of the gene frequency estimate for a bi-allelic locus. Even within a subpopulation or line, often only a proportion of individuals will be genotype tested. However, through segregation analysis, probable genotypes can be assigned to individuals that themselves were not …

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Soil Characterization Using Textural Features Extracted From Gpr Data, Lameck O. Odhiambo, Robert S. Wright, Ronald E. Yoder Jan 2004

Soil Characterization Using Textural Features Extracted From Gpr Data, Lameck O. Odhiambo, Robert S. Wright, Ronald E. Yoder

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Soils can be non-intrusively mapped by observing similar patterns within ground-penetrating radar (GPR) profiles. We observed that the intricate and often indiscernible textural variability found within a complex GPR image possesses important parameters that help delineate regions of similar soil characteristics. Therefore, in this study, we examined the feasibility of using textural features extracted from GPR data to automate soil characterizations. The textural features were matched to a "fingerprint" database of previous soil classifications of GPR textural features and the corresponding ground truths of soil conditions. Four textural features (energy, contrast, entropy, and homogeneity) were selected for inputs into a …

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