Animal Sciences Commons^™

Reactions Of The Rocky Mountain Muskrat Ondtra Zibethica Osoyoosensis (Lord) To Drought Conditions At Ogden Bay Bird Refuge, Utah, Edward V. Saunders

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Perhaps no mammal on the North American Continent has received more attention in the literature than the muskrat (Ondatra spp.), but little of this material pertains to the reactions of muskrat populations to drought conditions. The author was unable to find any literature containing information on the reactions of the Rocky Mountain muskrat Ondatra zibethica osoyoosensis (Lord) to drought conditions in Utah. This information is of vital importance in formulating muskrat management programs in the State.

On many farms the muskrat population represents the greatest cash value of any kind of wildlife, and they utilize swamp areas and marshlands …

Life History Of The Utah Sculpin Cottus Bairdi Semiscaber (Cope) In Logan River, Utah, William M. Zarbook

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The study of the Utah sculpin in Logan River was based on 801 specimens collected during 1949 to March 1951. Numbers of fish examined for various catagories of the study wares length-frequency, 495; aging by vertebrae, 407; length-weight relationship, 601; and food habits, 275.

Fish were collected by use of an electric shocking machine generating 600 watts and 220 volts. Numbers of fish occurred as high as 150 per tenth mile of stream. Preferred habitats occurred in areas of coarse gravel and small rocks.

Vertebrae dissected from the fish were used in age determination. Length-frequency proved to be a general …

Hive And Field Mortality Of Honey Bees In Northern Utah Due To Effects Of Certain Ecological And Chemical Factors, Shih Chun Ma

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The honey bee is the most important pollinating insect in Utah, because various important crops such as fruits, legumes, and vegetable seed crops depend chiefly on it for pollination. In the past, honey bees have suffered repeated severe death losses through contact with arsenic and other agricultural chemicals. Recently the newer insecticides, such as DDT, chlordane, parathion, benzene hexachloride, lindane, toxaphene, and several kinds of miticides have further complicated the problem of bee survival. In addition, natural enemies such as predators and parasites and some unfavorable environmental conditions, including unfavorable temperature and humidity, wind, storm, and other changeable weather conditions, …

Peromyscus Populations As Related To Seasons And Vegetative Types At The Hardware Ranch, Cache County, Utah, George Cleveland Turner Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Members of the genus Peromyscus, White-footed Mice, are known to occur in nearly all habitats of North America. Because of their numerical abundance and widespread distribution, these mice are extensively used in the study of the dynamics of animal populations. Thus, information perteining to the local distruibution and activities of these mice is of value to the more comprehensive studies that are being carried out in the field of zoological research.

A Survey Of Plant Parasitic And Associated Species Of Nematodes In The Carrot Producing Area Of Cedar Valley, Iron County, Utah, Paul R. Fitzgerald

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Plant parasitic nematodes have long been known to cause extensive crop losses through reduced yields, shortened productive life, or lowered value of produce. The rood knot nematode, Heterodera marioni, is cosmopolitan. It destroys crops and causes economic losses equal to those of any other plant parasitic species. in 1948 this nematode caused an estimated loss to the carrot raising industry in Iron County, Utah of approximately $15,000. No estimates for the years prior to 1948 are available; however, reports of the county agent (14) for Iron County show that carrot production in the Cedar Valley is decreasing, and is …

The Introduced Fishes, Game Birds, And Game And Fur-Bearing Mammals Of Utah, Boris Hewitt Popov

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

For a number of years wildlife workers have realized the importance of the past histories of introduced species. Emphasis in recent years has been directed toward introductions because of the tremendous hunting and fishing pressures. Yearly increases in numbers of hunters and fishermen have been noted in Utah for the past forty years. It is hoped that this compilation of the histories of the introduced game and fish species of Utah will be of value to sportsmen and wildlife managers alike in planning future introductions.

The material included in this paper was obtained from United States Government reports, Utah Territorial …

The Diet And Daily Forage Consumption Of An Experimental Herd Of Sheep On Utah's Winter Range, Lee A. Sharp

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The forage produced on Utah’s winter range is generally deficient in some nutrients that are required for the phase of sheep production that takes place on these ranges. This forage need only supply little more than maintenance ration, but because of low forage production on these areas and generally low quality forage, these requirements often are not met.

The Effect Of Ddt Residue On The Composition And Digestibility Of Alfalfa Hay, Than Myint

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

DDT (2,2 bis (p-chlorophenyl) 1,1,1-trichloroethane) was first synthesized in 1874 by Seidler in Switzerland, however, its effectiveness as an insecticide was not known until about 1942. The active principle was first known as G.H.B. (Gesarol-Neccid Base): but in 1943 DDT was suggested as an abbreviation for Dichlore Diphenyl Trichloroethane (Kaaegie, 1946). In fact DDT, as a powerful insecticide is one of the developments made during World War II. The importance of DDT in the control of the common insect enemies of mankind, such as mosquitoes, flies, moths, and many agricultural insect pests is realized more day by day. Many studies …

Processing, Grading And Sale Of Utah Turkeys, 1947-48, Paul R. Grimshaw

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Turkey production in Utah is one of the most important farm enterprises of the state. In 1945, 11.5 percent of the total farm cash income of the state was from the turkey enterprise. In 1946, 9.4 percent came from this source. Turkey production made up 8.9 percent of the total cash income from farm enterprises in 1944; 5.8 percent in 1945; 4.9 percent in 1940; 1.7 percent in 1935; and 1.3 percent in 1930. The objectives of this study were: (1) to ascertain charges for processing and hauling turkeys from the farm to the processing plants; (2) to determine the …

A Study Of A Heron Nesting Colony, Linden J. Leatham

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Herons are well known because of their gregarious nesting habits. Like many others of the lower orders of birds they nest together in pure or mixed colonies of many different combinations and under diverse living conditions. The population of different colonies may vary from a few pairs to many thousands of pairs depending upon the nature and extent of the breeding area, the food supply available and the protection afforded either by natural or artificial means.

In Utah and adjacent areas of bordering states, many types of heron associations have been studied and reported by ornithological workers. Breeding colonies of …

A Survey Of The Native Rabbits Of Utah With Reference To Their Classification, Distribution, Life Histories And Ecology, Reuel G. Janson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rabbits and hares, both popularly referred to as rabbits, occupy a very prominent position in the wildlife of Utah. Over much of the state, they form the most conspicuous faunal group, and between the lowest portion of the state to above timberline on the highest mountains there are very few areas entirely devoid or their presence. There is great variation, however, in their abundance, both between localities and times. In some areas, rabbit populations often attain amazingly high numbers to the delight of sportsmen and the dismay of farmers.

Wool Scouring Tests In Utah, Alma C. Esplin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Wool as it is shorn from the sheep, is known as grease wool. The first step in the manufacturing of wool is scouring, or removal of all grease and foreign matter. Within any given grade, as determined by length of staple and fineness of fiber, the yield of clean wool is the primary factor in determining the value of the original grease wool. The price of scoured or clean wool is multiplied by the percentage yield of clean wool to determine the value of the grease wool.

The Relation Of Some Physical And Chemical Factors Of The Soil To The Productivity And Distribution Of Certain Waterfowl Food Plants At The Bear River Migratory Waterfowl Refuge, Grant Hortin Jensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Within the last few years several areas within the state of Utah have been and are being developed for the conservation of migratory birds. Of utmost importance in this respect is the management of these areas so as to obtain a sufficient supply of rood plants for use by water fowl. Previous work done at the Bear River Migratory Waterfowl Refuge shows that the productivity of aquatic rood plants, chiefly Potamogeton pectinatus L. and Ruppia maritima L. varies with different localities and that these differences could not be attributed to chemical conditions of the water, i.e., dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, and …

Utah State Agricultural College Graduates Now Living In Other States, Robert Dawson Simpson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This is a study of graduates of the Utah State Agricultural College who have left Utah and are now residing elsewhere. Inquiries by faculty members and interested alumni, as well as the writer's own interest in the subject of migration, prompted the organization of this study.

The immediate reason for the inquiry was an enlarging interest on the campus concerning the present whereabouts of graduates who have left the state. When present residence was ascertained, other questions arose. What kind of employment had migrating graduates secured? What major interests were had? What important voluntary public services are graduates rendering to …

Comparison Of Various Types Of Milk Sampling Devices, William A. Hoskisson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The importance of an accurate measurement of fat in milk deliveries is fully appreciated by most producers and plant operators. Since milk is purchased on a fat basis, the accuracy of the procedure used in sampling and testing the milk has often been questioned by both the buyer and seller.

A composite sample to be theoretically correct, should consist of aliquot portions of the milk shipments represented. Where aliquot portions are to be taken, a milk thief is commonly suggested. This device takes a vertical column of milk from the weigh tank. The idea is that the height of the …

Trichomoniasis Of The Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Dairy Herd, Rue Jensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Bovine trichomoniasis is a venereal infection that reduces the fecundity of cattle. It is caused by Trichomonas foetus (Riedmuller), a flagellated protozoan which inhabits the genital tract, causing inflammation and partial sterility. Both sexes are susceptible to infection. In females it is usually of short duration and frequently terminates spontaneously following abortion. In males the disease has both acute and chronic stages. During the acute stage the prepucial membranes become inflamed and a muco-purulent discharge develops in which trichomonads are abundant. In the following chronic stage symptoms disappear, but the animal remains a carrier and is a dangerous source of …

The Feeding Value Of Certain Duck Food Plants Of The Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge As Determined By Chemical Analysis, Dale Clair Christensen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The study of bird feeding problems has become a prominent factor in wild life management. This is true especially with respect to the evaluation of recently established migratory bird refuges. In 1929 the Federal Government assumed control of a large area of land located on the Bear River Bay of Great Salt Lake for the purpose of providing a sanctuary for water fowl. Dykes were built and the areas inside these dykes flooded with fresh water from Bear River. During subsequent years aquatic and marsh plants* developed abundantly and apparently have provided satisfactory feeding and nesting grounds for migratory birds. …

Bird Studies Of The Bear River Marshes, Ernest W. Parkinson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The establishment of the Bear River Bay Bird Refuge has created for the state of Utah an immense and valuable biological field, a veritable paradise for naturalist and sportsman alike. The naturalist wants a place to study wild life and the sportsman desires game. With the proper control of open seasons on wild fowl the hunting instinct and incentive for the sport should be satisfied for the sportsman. To the naturalist this region will open up bountiful treasures of knowledge that is to be gained only by intense and prolonged scientific study.

Within this new field, and the limited time …

A Study Of Bull Associations, Arthur J. Morris

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

"A cooperative bull association", according to the United States Department of Agri culture, is "a farmers' organization formed for the purpose of joint ownership, use, and exchange of high class, purebred dairy bulls."

The members of the association are divided into three or more groups of neighboring farmers, each group being known as a block. A block may consist of one herd or several herds and contains from 40 to 60 cows. One bull is used in each block, and in order to prevent inbreeding, each bull is moved to another block every two years. If all the bulls live …

The Evaluation Of The Dairy Cow, George Gardner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The accurate appraisal of property is in a great many cases a difficult task. A savings account in a bank may be evaluated with high precision. A business building in a large city may bring in returns sufficiently steady and permanent so that a careful appraiser with a reasonable knowledge of depreciation losses to be anticipated might fix a value without very much error.

A Study Of The Effect Of The Age Of Parents On The Ability Of Dairy Cows To Produce Milk And Butterfat, J. Howard Maughan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The question of the possible effect of the age of parents on the quality of the offspring which they produce has long been a disputed one. It is held by some that the ages of both parents act together in determining the quality of offspring. There are others who maintain that the age of the dam only is a factor and still others who believe that only the age of the sire need be considered in this connection.

Normal Spread Between Local And Terminal Market Prices For Sheep, Von T. Ellsworth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The consuming world must look to eight nations for 68 per cent of its supply of sheep and sheep products, as shown by the accompanying chart and table No. 1. Australia leads other nations with 19 per cent, while the United states follows with 8. 7 per cent of the world's sheep population. The nature of the industry confines it to the more sparsely populated regions, and areas ranking high in cheap grazing lands.

Bulletin No. 135 - A Study In Annual Egg Production: Based On The Records Of A Flock Of Seven-Year-Old Hens And Their Progeny, E. D. Ball, Geo. Turpin, Byron Alder

UAES Bulletins

Experimental work in breeding for egg production was started with this flock of Single Comb White Leghorns in 1907. The flock of 1907 was hatched from eggs from a small flock that had been introduced into the plant two or three years before.

After two years' records of these flocks had been completed and studied it was found that nearly three-fourths of the first flock had made better records the second year than they did the first and that there was a great variation in the two years' records of individual hens. This raised the question of whether the first …

Bulletin No. 127 - Report Of The Richmond-Lewiston Cow Testing Association, W. E. Carroll

UAES Bulletins

The function of all domestic animals is to utilize the coarse rough reeds and transform them into something useful to mankind, either food, clothing, or energy. The animal thus acts as a concentrator for low grade ores, so to speak. The class of animals which will produce most human food, clothing, or energy for man from a given amount of feel--other cost being equal--is the most economical and the one which will remain longest with us as population becomes more dense and the question of food supply becomes keener.

Experiments have shown the dairy cow to be probably the most …

Bulletin No. 107 - Improvement Of Utah Horses, John T. Caine Iii, H. J. Frederick

UAES Bulletins

Horse breeding in Utah, with some exceptions, has been carried on in a hap-hazard manner, and unsound horses of doubtful breeding have been purchased at high prices and have proven of little value. Where good blood has been introduced the temporary improvement has been marked, but as this work has not been followed up with care, results have not been lasting.

In spite of bad breeding, however, the standard of Utah horses has been advancing so that in western markets they command high pries. The climate, soil, feed and general conditions throughout the state make it an ideal place for …

Bulletin No. 102 - Poultry Experiments, James Dryden

UAES Bulletins

There are many problems connected with the housing of poultry. Among them the question of egg fertility is one of the most important. We have begun investigations at this Station to learn if possible what kind or method of housing is most conducive to a high percentage of fertility in the eggs. It is a serious question with many poultrymen how to maintain the percentage of fertile eggs, and there have been cases where the poultryman has been driven out of the business because of inability to renew his flock. There is little doubt that the artificial methods, both in …

Bulletin No. 96 - Care Of Milk On The Farm And The Manufacture Of Butter And Cheese, R. W. Clark

UAES Bulletins

Dairying is one of the most profitable lines of agriculture in Utah. Ever since the establishment of the dairy industry in the State, the demand for Utah butter and cheese has been strong and prices have averaged good. A good article will always sell at top price; a poor article may sell at a good price when the demand is strong, but it will not sell at a good price, if at all, when the demand is weak. High prices are undesirable at any time if they create a tendency to put out a poor article. The success of any …

Bulletin No. 92 - Poultry Experiments, James Dryden

UAES Bulletins

This bulletin reports experiments extending over several

years on the following subjects:

1. The egg-type in hens.

2. Breeding to increase egg yield.

3. Cost and profit of egg production.

4. Weight and cost of food eaten.

5. The value of exercise for the laying hen.

6. The relative value of different breeds.

7. The most profitable age of the hen.

8. The relative value of different forms of animal food.

9. The value of fat in poultry foods.

10. Feeding color into the egg.

11. Incubator experiments.

12. Tests of evaporation of eggs during incubation.

13. Tests of carbonic …

Bulletin No. 90 - Feeding Beet Molasses And Pulp To Sheep And Steers, Lewis A. Merrill, R. W. Clark

UAES Bulletins

Very few stockmen possess a knowledge of the value of beet pulp and beet molasses as animal food. Very little is known of the food value of molasses, but much information has accumulated, from time to time, concerning the value of pulp as stock food. The most authentic data at hand concerning the food value of pulp come from our experiment stations. To emphasize the value of pulp with the view to encourage small farmers to use it and thereby strengthen the live stock industry of the State, the results obtained by some of our experiment stations are given in …

Bulletin No. 82 - Feeding Beet Pulp To Steers And Sheep, R. W. Clark

UAES Bulletins

For the last two winters feeding experiments have been carried on by this Station to ascertain the value of beet pulp and beet molasses as food for sheep and steers. In a feeding test made with sheep two years ago, the results of which are reported in bulletin No. 78, sugar beet pulp and sugar beet molasses gave profitable returns. When lucern and pulp were fed, one pound of gain was made from 7.95 pounds of lucern and 17.86 pounds pulp. One hundred pounds of increase was made at a cost of $2.48 and pulp had a value of $1.86 …