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South Dakota State University

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Articles 1261 - 1290 of 1392

Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences

Effects Of Manganese Chloride On Gravid Gilts And Newborn Pigs, Dale A. Wade Jan 1972

Effects Of Manganese Chloride On Gravid Gilts And Newborn Pigs, Dale A. Wade

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Excessive dietary manganese in young mammals has depressed hemoglobin levels, red blood cell synthesis and growth in some investigations, while in other research these were increased. Toxic levels, mode of action and specific physiological effects are unknown although manganese, cobalt and iron appear to compete for absorption mechanisms. Manganese functions in enzyme systems and in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, is present in red cells and plasma and may be incorporated into the hemoglobin molecule. Gravid gilts were utilized in these investigations since piglet anemia is an economic problem and manganese effects in swine have not been fully defined. Gilt rations …

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Amino Acid Supplementation Of Low Protein Layer Diets, Harlal Choudhury Jan 1972

Amino Acid Supplementation Of Low Protein Layer Diets, Harlal Choudhury

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Experiments were conducted at the South Dakota State University Poultry Research Center to study the effects of amino acid supplementation of low protein diets on performance of laying type hens. Hans, housed in 8-inch cages, were fed at 24 weeks of age typical 16% protein corn-soy diets diluted with glucose to 10.8% protein and supplemented with 0.15% DL-methionine, 0.19% L-lysine and 0.04% DL-tryptophan. After about 20 weeks of depletion, supplements of 0.05 and 0.1% DL-threonine and DL-valine and 0.1% DL-isoleucine alone and in all combinations were fed for a further period of 16 weeks using a factorial design. Individual supplements …

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Sephadex G-25 And Charcoal Separation Of Mouse Growth Inhibitors In Soybeans From Trypsin Inhibitors, Larry James Tidemann Jan 1972

Sephadex G-25 And Charcoal Separation Of Mouse Growth Inhibitors In Soybeans From Trypsin Inhibitors, Larry James Tidemann

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Rising costs have changes man’s ideals and eating habits. Plant ingredients, because of their relatively low costs, have been increasingly used as a substitute for animal proteins. If these plant ingredients could be directly utilized by man, this would be a more efficient use of energy and nutrients. One plant source currently used in such a manner is soybeans, which is a prime source of protein for human and livestock nutrition. However, soybeans contain several factors that are detrimental to man and livestock. Heating of soybeans counteracts these factors, since the undesirable factors are heat labile. However, heat alters the …

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The Effect Of Level Of Dietary Protein On The Growth And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Swine Fed To A Heavy Weight, Keith E. Gilster Jan 1972

The Effect Of Level Of Dietary Protein On The Growth And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Swine Fed To A Heavy Weight, Keith E. Gilster

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Two hundred sixteen crossbred barrows and 96 crossbred gilts were used in a series of three experiments to determine the effect of dietary protein level during three different growth periods on growth am quantitative and qualitative carcass traits of the growing-finishing pig. Pigs were fed from approximately 20 to 113 kilograms. Corn-soybean meal diets fortified with recommended levels of vitamins, minerals and an antibiotic were fed. Pigs fed 20, 18 or 16% protein diets from weights of 20 to 45 kg gained both significantly faster and more efficiently than pigs fed diets of 12% protein. Feeding a low (12%) protein …

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The Effects Of Chlorpropamide In Diets Of Gravid Gilts On Embryo Survival, Fetal Weight And Fetal And Dam Blood Sugar Levels, Duane E. Wachholz Jan 1972

The Effects Of Chlorpropamide In Diets Of Gravid Gilts On Embryo Survival, Fetal Weight And Fetal And Dam Blood Sugar Levels, Duane E. Wachholz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Seventy-six primiparous, crossbred gilts averaging approximately 125 to 135 kg were used in a series of two experiments to determine the effects of chlorpropamide upon reproductive and blood criteria. The drug, fed at the rate of 1000 ppm (1816 mg per day) and 3000 ppm (5448 mg per day), was included in a 14% protein basal diet from the day following breeding until gilts were sacrificed after 60 or 95 days of gestation. The 515 fetuses collected from these gilts were used to obtain information about the effects of chlorpropamide on individual weights and blood glucose and fructose levels. Data …

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Levels Of Diethylstilbestrol And Types Of Protein Supplements In Ground Ear Corn Diets For Finishing Cattle, L. B. Embry Oct 1971

Levels Of Diethylstilbestrol And Types Of Protein Supplements In Ground Ear Corn Diets For Finishing Cattle, L. B. Embry

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

Results of numerous experiments have shown that diethylstilbestrol at 10 mg. daily in the feed of implanted at 30 to 36 mg. improves weight gains and feed efficiency of feedlot cattle. More recently it has been reported that feeding more than 10 mg. daily to heavier cattle results in further stimulation of weight gains and feed efficiency. Feeding of 20 mg. per head daily of diethylstilbestrol is now cleared for feedlot cattle above 750 lb.

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Can Beef Quality Be Evaluated?, W. J. Costello, R. J. Berns Oct 1971

Can Beef Quality Be Evaluated?, W. J. Costello, R. J. Berns

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

Beef quality is important to the consumer. She wants to serve tender, juicy, tasty beef to her family each time she serves it. If she can consistently serve quality beef, she will serve beef frequently. If she finds that she cannot consistently serve quality beef cuts, she will serve something else. For that reason, beef quality becomes important to every one along the production line between the brood cow and the consumer.

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Pine Sawdust As A Roughage Replacement In Cattle Finishing Diets, A. L. Slyter, L. D. Kamstra Oct 1971

Pine Sawdust As A Roughage Replacement In Cattle Finishing Diets, A. L. Slyter, L. D. Kamstra

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

Two lots of 12 heifers each were full fed daily one of two diets for 115 days to study the effect of sawdust replacement of ground alfalfa in a finishing diet on the performance and carcass characteristics of beef heifers. Diet composition is shown in table 1. Trace mineral salt and dicalcium phosphate were provided free choice.

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Value Of Shelter For Growing And Finishing Cattle, L. B. Embry, R. M. Luther, J. F. Fredrikson Oct 1971

Value Of Shelter For Growing And Finishing Cattle, L. B. Embry, R. M. Luther, J. F. Fredrikson

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

In an experiment which involved a study of sulfur additions to supplements with high levels of urea fed with corn silage and with ground ear corn silage and with ground ear corn, four diet treatments were replicated with inside or outside feeding. Results for this aspect of the experiment are summarized for this report.

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Relative Position Of Farmer-Feeders In The Increasingly Competitive Cattle Feeding Business, D. G. Cox Oct 1971

Relative Position Of Farmer-Feeders In The Increasingly Competitive Cattle Feeding Business, D. G. Cox

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

Farmer-feeders can potentially compete with anyone in the cattle feeding business. They have traditionally had many built-in advantages. By feeding the cattle on the farm where the grain and roughage are grown, drying, handling, shrinkage and transportation costs are reduced, and returns can be increased per acre by being able to market roughages and silages through cattle. In addition, there are fewer people obtaining a profit out of both the cattle and the feed when cattle are fed at the source of the feed. Another plus factor that will become increasingly important is that pollution is not as big a …

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Feedlot Herd Health Program, James H. Bailey Oct 1971

Feedlot Herd Health Program, James H. Bailey

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

The first two weeks in the feedlot are the most critical for cattle. Respiratory diseases are most apt to show up during the time the cattle are making adjustments to their new environment, feeding practices, etc. The effects of stress before and during shipping become evident at this time.

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Nutritional Quality Control And Feedbunk Management Of Feedlot Cattle, Donald Gill Oct 1971

Nutritional Quality Control And Feedbunk Management Of Feedlot Cattle, Donald Gill

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

Small errors in the nutrition and management of feedlot cattle frequently spell the difference between success and failure as a cattle feeder. Some frequently insignificant appearing factors may at times allow cost of gain to increase up to $4 to $5 per hundredweight.

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Performance Of Calves Fed Chlortetracycline-Sulfamethazine During Feedlot Adaptation Followed By Chlortetracycline, P. J. Thiex, L. B. Embry Oct 1971

Performance Of Calves Fed Chlortetracycline-Sulfamethazine During Feedlot Adaptation Followed By Chlortetracycline, P. J. Thiex, L. B. Embry

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of supplementing calves with a chlortetracycline-sulfamethazine combination for 4 weeks following weaning. Chlortetracycline was then fed at 70 mg. daily during a growing phase when the calves were fed a high-roughage diet.

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Complying With Feed Additive And Drug Withdrawl Periods, D. G. Fox, J. H. Bailey Oct 1971

Complying With Feed Additive And Drug Withdrawl Periods, D. G. Fox, J. H. Bailey

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

Most drugs are accumulated in excretory organs such as the kidneys and liver , and they are found in higher levels for a longer time in these organs than in other tissue. Due to a continuous excretion of the drugs from these organs, tissue levels are usually rapidly reduced after the drug is no longer fed or injected. The rate of excretion of a drug and its end products from animal tissues must be established before it can be considered for approval by the Food and Drug Administration. Then withdrawal periods that are sufficiently long enough to permit complete or …

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Fifteenth Annual Cattle Feeders Day, Animal Science Department Oct 1971

Fifteenth Annual Cattle Feeders Day, Animal Science Department

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

These are the complete proceedings of the fifteenth annual Cattle Feeders Day held on October 1, 1971 at South Dakota State University.

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Pine Sawdust As A Roughage Replacement In Feeder Cattle Diets, A. L. Slyter, L. D. Kamstra Oct 1971

Pine Sawdust As A Roughage Replacement In Feeder Cattle Diets, A. L. Slyter, L. D. Kamstra

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

Eight lots, five or six heifers each, (42 heifers total) were fed one of four diets for 119 days to study the effect of sawdust inclusion in a growing diet on the performance of feeder calves. The diets were alfalfa-concentrate, sawdust-concentrate, corn silage and sawdust silage. (See table 1 for specific diet composition). Trace mineral salt and dicalcium phosphate were fed free choice and vitamin A was supplemented to provide a calculated 10,000 to 12,000 I.U. per head per day. Brome-alfalfa loose hay was provided for the first week during adaptation to the experimental diets.

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Dry And High-Moisture Grain Fed Whole Or Rolled With Hay Or Haylage In Cattle Finishing Diets, J. D. Burkhardt, L. B. Embry Oct 1971

Dry And High-Moisture Grain Fed Whole Or Rolled With Hay Or Haylage In Cattle Finishing Diets, J. D. Burkhardt, L. B. Embry

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

In a previous experiment (A.S. Series 70-20 ) , steers were fed dry or reconstituted high-moisture corn grain , whole or rolled , at 1 lb . per 100 lb . of body weight with alfalfa-brome hay or reconstituted haylage to appetite from weights of about 500 to 825 lb . Higher rates of gain with lower feed requirements were obtained with high-moisture corn and haylage than from dry corn and hay. The greatest benefits from the moist feeds resulted when high-moisture corn and haylage were fed together. There appeared to be a slight advantage for rolling the corn under …

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Weaning Age And Management Systems For Fall Born Beef Calves, William Mccone Oct 1971

Weaning Age And Management Systems For Fall Born Beef Calves, William Mccone

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

Twenty-eight registered Angus and Hereford cows calved in September, 1970. The cows calved on pasture and remained on pasture until late November. From November 10 to December 28 the cows were bred for 1971 and started on a self-fed diet. The remaining 14, or one-half of the calves, were allowed to continue nursing the cows, but the calves also had access to calf creep with the same diet used for the weaned calves. At the start of the experiment the calves were randomly divided by sex, breed and age. At this time, December 30, 1970, the average age of all …

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Urea Vs. Soybean Meal During Feedlot Adaptation And Later Growing And Finishing, J. D. Burkhardt Oct 1971

Urea Vs. Soybean Meal During Feedlot Adaptation And Later Growing And Finishing, J. D. Burkhardt

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

Urea is a common ingredient in cattle diets. While this nonprotein nitrogren compound is a satisfactory source of supplemental protein in many cattle diets, there are limitations as to levels in the diet and conditions of use. The primary basis for the use of urea as a substitute for conventional high-protein ingredients is the lower cost for protein supplementation.

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Dry And High-Moisture Corn Fed Whole Or Rolled With Corn Silage In Cattle Growing-Finishing Diets, J. D. Burkhardt, L. B. Embry Oct 1971

Dry And High-Moisture Corn Fed Whole Or Rolled With Corn Silage In Cattle Growing-Finishing Diets, J. D. Burkhardt, L. B. Embry

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

One area of research in beef cattle feeding that is receiving major emphasis at this station is the comparative value of dry and high-moisture grain under various conditions of use and the benefits of processing in comparison to feeding as whole grain. Previous research has involved levels of roughage and moisture content of the roughage (hay or haylage).
In this experiment, dry or high-moisture corn grain was fed whole and rolled with a limited feed of corn silage with urea or soybean meal furnishing the supplemental protein.

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Feedlot Bulls And Steers Treated With Diethylstilbestrol And Zeranol, P. J. Thiex Oct 1971

Feedlot Bulls And Steers Treated With Diethylstilbestrol And Zeranol, P. J. Thiex

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

This experiment is one of a series to study effects of castration, growth stimulating compounds and various feeding and management systems on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot male and female cattle. It involved a comparison of bulls with steers and their response to diethylstilbestrol or zeranol (a resorcyclic acid lactone compound shown to have growth stimulating properties) implants when fed high-concentrate diets.

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Types Of Urea Supplement For Wintering Beef Calves, A. L. Slyter, L. B. Embry, J. Herndon Oct 1971

Types Of Urea Supplement For Wintering Beef Calves, A. L. Slyter, L. B. Embry, J. Herndon

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

Previous research at the Cottonwood Station showed that calves fed low levels of urea during an adaptation period made faster gains than unadapted calves when fed higher levels of urea during the wintering period. Calves fed a corn-base urea supplement in pellet form gained faster than those fed a commercial, molasses-base urea supplement in liquid form. The following tow experiments were conducted as replications of those reported previously under this title.

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Sulfur Supplementation With Urea As The Supplemental Protein With Corn Silage Or Ear Corn Diets For Beef Steers, L. B. Embry, R. M. Luther, J. F. Fredrikson Oct 1971

Sulfur Supplementation With Urea As The Supplemental Protein With Corn Silage Or Ear Corn Diets For Beef Steers, L. B. Embry, R. M. Luther, J. F. Fredrikson

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

This experiment was conducted to determined the need for a sulfur supplement with urea used as the primary supplemental protein in corn silage or ear corn diets for growing and finishing steers. Supplements which contained one part of sulfur to 10 or 20 parts nitrogen from the urea were compared to a urea supplement without added sulfur and to a low-protein corn supplement fed at the same level. The experiment consisted of a corn silage feeding phase of about 4 months and a ground ear corn phase of about 6 months.

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Dry And High-Moisture Corn As Affected By Processing And Type Of Diet, L. B. Embry, J. D. Burkhardt Oct 1971

Dry And High-Moisture Corn As Affected By Processing And Type Of Diet, L. B. Embry, J. D. Burkhardt

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

High-moisture grains have received considerable emphasis in cattle feeding research and by feedlot operators during recent years. Large quantities of grain are harvested at high-moisture contents because of harvesting and other advantages associated with the high-moisture content or because of unfavorable natural drying conditions. Drying grain is expensive, and it would appear that first consideration should be given to storing and using the grain in the high-moisture form if it is to be fed livestock.

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Storing High Moisture Grain, James J. O'Connell Oct 1971

Storing High Moisture Grain, James J. O'Connell

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

For the past several years there has been increased interest in the harvesting and storing of high-moisture feed grains, particularly corn, barley and grain sorghum. With improved silos and grain harvesting equipment, the use of high-moisture grains has replaced the conventional methods of harvesting, storing and feeding grains on many cattle feeding farms. There are several reasons why this system is becoming more popular. Harvesting can be done earlier and faster, harvesting losses are reduced, and a minimum number of operations and amount of equipment are required. Storage costs are comparatively low and in most cases storage is rodent free. …

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Dark Cutting Beef - Why?, W. J. Costello Oct 1971

Dark Cutting Beef - Why?, W. J. Costello

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

Many producers have heard of the carcass that did not grade because it "cut dark". What is dark cutting beef and why does it happen?

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Drought-Damaged Corn Silage For Growing Beef Calves, Richard M. Luther, Jacob Fredrikson Oct 1971

Drought-Damaged Corn Silage For Growing Beef Calves, Richard M. Luther, Jacob Fredrikson

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1971

One hundred thirty-six steer calves averaging 440 lb. were used in a 56-day trial to study the value of supplementing drought-damaged corn silage with protein and energy. The silage contained only about 8 bushels of grain per acre and was harvested in mid-August at 30% dry matter. It was stored in a 71-ton stack, covered with a plastic cover and sealed with earth around the bottom. The stack was opened with a plastic cover and sealed with earth around the bottom. The nitrogen (dry basis) were 11.7 and 0.24 at ensiling. The four treatments (34 steers each) were 1 or …

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1971 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University Mar 1971

1971 Little International Agricultural Exposition Catalog, Little International Agricultural Exposition South Dakota State University

Little International "Little I" Agricultural Exposition Catalogs

No abstract provided.

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Responses Of Rumen Microflora To Whey Products Added To High-Grain Low-Roughage Rations, Virgil L. Metzger Jan 1971

Responses Of Rumen Microflora To Whey Products Added To High-Grain Low-Roughage Rations, Virgil L. Metzger

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Many factors present in livestock feeds affect the numbers and types of protozoa and bacteria in the rumen. A small particle size of feed and a fast rate of passage of the feed through the ruminant decreases protozoal numbers. Full feeding of a concentrate ration and an acid pH in the rumen also tend to reduce protozoa numbers. Bacteria numbers tend to increase as the protozoa numbers decrease. Knowledge of rumen microflora population changes on different rations is lacking. It is known that restricted-roughage rations will generally cause lower protozoal numbers. Since whey is an available source of lactose and …

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The Lipid Composition Of Milk As Affected By High Grain-Limited Roughage Rations Containing Whey Products, Roger Charles Peper Jan 1971

The Lipid Composition Of Milk As Affected By High Grain-Limited Roughage Rations Containing Whey Products, Roger Charles Peper

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Certain rations fed to lactating dairy cows appear to have a dramatic influence on the lipid composition of milk fat produced. A high grain ration fed with a limited amount of roughage tends to cause a depression in milk fat production while at the same time changing the milk fat composition. There have been various attempts to alleviate the depression in milk fat. Minerals used in the ration seem to slightly relieve the milk fat depression caused by high grain rations. One drawback has been lower milk production due to a decline in concentrate consumption. Whey products added to a …

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