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Articles 151 - 180 of 296
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Development And Permeability Of Equine Blastocysts, Brittany Reshel Scott
Development And Permeability Of Equine Blastocysts, Brittany Reshel Scott
LSU Master's Theses
Equine embryo cryopreservation is unsuccessful in larger, more easily collected, day-7 embryos. It is imperative that methods to successfully cryopreserve large equine embryos or develop reliable methods to determine embryo size before collection. Therefore the objectives for this study were to quantify the amount of tritiated glycerol that would permeate various sizes of equine embryos and to determine if circulating progesterone concentration was correlated with in utero embryo size. Mean embryo diameter (± SEM) across treatments (1.4M and 3.4M tritiated glycerol) was 696.5µm ± 108.6µm and 925.9 µm ± 214.1µm, respectively and were not different (P=0.44). The percent permeation for …
Use Of Condensed Tannins Supplementation And Inorganic Copper As Deworming Agents In Naturally Infected Ewes And Lambs, Moara De Santana Martins
Use Of Condensed Tannins Supplementation And Inorganic Copper As Deworming Agents In Naturally Infected Ewes And Lambs, Moara De Santana Martins
LSU Master's Theses
Sheep production is an important socioeconomic activity for the small producers and it can represent their primary income source. Gastrointestinal parasites have become the principal limiting factor for this industry around the world, especially because of the anthelmintic resistance phenomenon that has been increasing worldwide. The negligent use of anthelmintics has been reported as the main factor in the development of resistance. Among the parasites that infect sheep, H. contortus is considered the most harmful and also the parasite responsible for the fastest development of nematode resistance in small ruminants. Due to the economic impact this parasite may bring upon …
Optimizing The Feeding Time For Low Crude Protein, Amino Acid-Supplemented Diets For Broilers, Stephen T. Treese
Optimizing The Feeding Time For Low Crude Protein, Amino Acid-Supplemented Diets For Broilers, Stephen T. Treese
LSU Master's Theses
The objectives of this research were to determine whether delaying the feeding of a diet with reduced crude protein, supplemented with L-Lysine, for several days post-hatching, would result in improved growth performance of broiler chicks and determine an optimal time to feed such a diet to the chick. All experiments were conducted in brooder batteries from 0- to 14- or 18- days (d) post-hatching. Treatments contained a minimum of 6 replicate pens with at least 6 broilers per pen. Two experiments were conducted to determine whether delaying the feeding of a corn-soybean meal (SBM) diet with reduced CP for either …
Intravenous Injection Of Insulin For Measuring Insulin Sensitivity In Horses: Effects Of Epinephrine, Feeding Regimen, And Supplementation With Cinnamon For Fish Oil, Lisa Rosalee Earl
Intravenous Injection Of Insulin For Measuring Insulin Sensitivity In Horses: Effects Of Epinephrine, Feeding Regimen, And Supplementation With Cinnamon For Fish Oil, Lisa Rosalee Earl
LSU Master's Theses
Seven experiments were performed to assess the use of glucose responses to insulin injections as a means of estimating insulin sensitivity in horses; to compare the insulin sensitivities of normal horses vs. those displaying hyperleptinemia; and to put this method into practical application. Experiment 3.1 examined dose-responses in mares of potentially different insulin sensitivities. Recombinant human insulin was injected at doses of 8, 20, 50, and 125 mU/kg BW, as needed, to estimate the dose of insulin causing a 50% decrease in glucose concentrations (ED50). Five mares each of low leptin concentrations (LL) and low BCS, LL and high BCS, …
Effects Of Resistant Starch In Milk Replacer On Health And Performance In Neonatal Holstein Heifer Calves, Bethany Leann Fisher
Effects Of Resistant Starch In Milk Replacer On Health And Performance In Neonatal Holstein Heifer Calves, Bethany Leann Fisher
LSU Master's Theses
Forty-two female Holstein calves were assigned to one of three treatments at d 2 of age to study the effects of adding resistant starch (RS) to the milk replacer on health and performance. Treatments were control (0g RS), 4g RS, or 8g RS mixed into the reconstituted milk replacer. Calves were housed in individual calf hutches and fed milk replacer once daily until d 42 of age. Water and an 18% crude protein calf starter were offered ad libitum beginning d 3 throughout the duration of the 56 d trial. Calves remained in their hutches until d 56 of age …
Amino Acid-Supplemented Diets And Amino Acid Requirements In Corn And Soybean Meal Diets For Broilers And Pigs, April Marie Waguespack
Amino Acid-Supplemented Diets And Amino Acid Requirements In Corn And Soybean Meal Diets For Broilers And Pigs, April Marie Waguespack
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The objectives of this research were to: 1) evaluate the role of Gly in low CP, AA supplemented diets for broilers, 2) determine subsequent effects of supplementing Gly in broiler diets, and 3) determine the Val and Ile requirement in an AA supplemented, C-SBM diet for 20- to 45-kg pigs. Three experiments were conducted to evaluate supplementation of Gly, creatine, GAA, and fishmeal in C-SBM diets on growth performance of broiler chicks and to determine if Gly, creatine, or GAA could be added to a C-SBM diet in place of fishmeal to produce similar growth performance. The results from these …
Influence Of Low Sonication Intensities At Different Temperatures On Acid Tolerance, Bile Tolerance, Protease Activity And Growth Of Yogurt Culture Bacteria Lactobacillus Delbrueckii Ssp. Bulgaricus And Streptococcus Salivarius Ssp. Thermophilus, Marvin L. Moncada Reyes
LSU Master's Theses
Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus are dairy cultures widely used in the dairy industry. Low sonication intensity condition is a non-destructive technique that uses sound waves to cause cavitation in aqueous solutions and may improve the permeability of membranes, speed up the transfer of substrates and promote cellular growth and propagation. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of low sonication intensities at different temperatures on acid tolerance, bile tolerance, protease activity and growth of the two dairy cultures. The cultures were freshly thawed and suspended in 0.1% peptone water and 18 ml …
Effects Of Pasture Vs. House Farrowing Systems In Louisiana On Production Traits And Mothering Abilities Of Sows, Elizabeth Roeling
Effects Of Pasture Vs. House Farrowing Systems In Louisiana On Production Traits And Mothering Abilities Of Sows, Elizabeth Roeling
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
Hatchability Of End-Of-Lay Broiler Breeder Eggs As Influenced By Cooling During Incubation, James Rabalais
Hatchability Of End-Of-Lay Broiler Breeder Eggs As Influenced By Cooling During Incubation, James Rabalais
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
Influence Of Low Homogenization Pressures On Acid Tolerance, Bile Tolerance, Protease Activity, And Growth Characteristics Of Lactobacillus Delbrueckii Ssp Bulgaricus Lb-12, Streptococcus Salivarius Ssp Thermophilus St-M5, And Lactobacillus Acidophilus La-K, Tanuja Muramalla
LSU Master's Theses
Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp bulgaricus LB-12, Streptococcus salivarius ssp thermophilus ST-M5 and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-K are dairy cultures widely used in the fermentation of dairy products. Homogenization is an essential process in dairy industry for making several products. High homogenization pressures (>50 MPa) are used to create stable emulsion, inactivate the pathogens and increase the protease activity of dairy cultures. Sparse literature is available on the influence of low homogenization pressures, and their effect on beneficial characteristics of dairy cultures is not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of low homogenization pressures on acid …
Prepartum Maternal Cortisol Concentrations On Postnatal Cortisol Concentration And Immunoglobulin Absorption In Neonatal Dairy Calves, Dana Nadine Wooley
Prepartum Maternal Cortisol Concentrations On Postnatal Cortisol Concentration And Immunoglobulin Absorption In Neonatal Dairy Calves, Dana Nadine Wooley
LSU Master's Theses
The role of glucocorticoids on intestinal closure in neonates has recently become an area of interest but a definitive mechanism remains to be identified. It is known that glucocorticoids enhance immunoglobulin absorption in dairy calves, but the role of maternal glucocorticoids at parturition is not clear. In the present experiment, we obtained plasma and milk samples from primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows (n=24) to measure cortisol at 72, 48 and 24 hours before and 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after spontaneous parturition. After parturition, calves (n=24) were immediately removed from their dams and a blood sample was taken …
Dopaminergic Input To The Equine Pituitary: Seasonal And Estradiol Effects, Sarah Case Clavier
Dopaminergic Input To The Equine Pituitary: Seasonal And Estradiol Effects, Sarah Case Clavier
LSU Master's Theses
Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of season and estradiol administration on dopaminergic input to the equine adenohypophysis. Experiment 1 began in the spring with 8 mares and 8 stallions and was repeated again in the summer, fall, and winter. Horses were given sulpiride injections of eight incremental doses (0.25 to 32 µg/kg BW). Within each group of 8 horses, half received the sulpiride in an increasing manner, the other half in a decreasing manner. Prolactin concentrations peaked in the first 15 to 30 min in all horses in all seasons. Prolactin areas under the curve increased (P < 0.001) with increasing doses of sulpiride, and were highest (P < 0.05) in March for stallions, but in June for mares. The calculated half-maximum values, which should be proportional to the dopaminergic input to the pituitary, were lowest (P < 0.05) in June and greatest in September. The variation in half-maximum values with season indicated a change in dopaminergic input to the pituitary, with lowest input occurring in June in both sexes. Experiment 2 was designed to determine if the degree of dopaminergic input to the adenohypophysis is altered by estradiol administration. Twelve geldings were used. On day 0, geldings received an i.m. injection of either estradiol cypionate (ECP; n = 6) or vegetable oil (n = 6) at one of two dose volumes (2 vs. 10 mL). On day 6, all geldings received an injection of sulpiride at 0.082 µg/kg BW in saline. Sulpiride injections were repeated every other day with the dose increasing each day, from 0.164 to 100 µg/kg BW. Estradiol pretreatment increased (P < 0.05) the prolactin response to sulpiride at the 2.56 µg/kg dose and higher. However, the half-maximum values for ECP-treated and control geldings did not differ, indicating that the amount of sulpiride needed to counterbalance the amount of dopamine reaching the pituitary was unaltered by estradiol treatment. It was concluded that estradiol likely stimulates prolactin production and secretion after sulpiride directly at the lactotrope level, rather than by decreasing hypothalamic dopamine input to the lactotropes.
Effects Of Varying Levels Of Cottonseed Hulls On Growth And Metabolic Indications Of Rumen Development Of Dairy Calves, Ryan Doescher
Effects Of Varying Levels Of Cottonseed Hulls On Growth And Metabolic Indications Of Rumen Development Of Dairy Calves, Ryan Doescher
LSU Master's Theses
A study was conducted to determine the effects of varying levels of cottonseed hulls on growth and metabolic indications of rumen development of dairy calves. Sixty-four Holstein calves (Heifers, n=40; Bulls, n=24) were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments which included calf starters containing no cottonseed hulls (control; C), 10% cottonseed hulls (10% CSH), 15% cottonseed hulls (15% CSH), or 20% cottonseed hulls (20% CSH). Calves were fed their respective treatments beginning on day 6 until day 56 of age. Body weights were measured at birth and biweekly thereafter until day 56 of age. Wither and hip heights …
Cell Extract-Based Reprogramming Of Somatic Cells, Laura Whitney Coley
Cell Extract-Based Reprogramming Of Somatic Cells, Laura Whitney Coley
LSU Master's Theses
The differentiation potential of adult stem cells (ASC) has long been thought to be limited to cell lineages present in the organ from which they are derived; however, several studies have challenged this notion by demonstrating that some ASC exhibit a remarkably high degree of plasticity. Unlike terminally differentiated somatic cells, the less differentiated state of ASC can assume the functional phenotypes and expression profiles of cells unique to other tissues. The expansive repertoire of differentiation potential exhibited by ASC suggests these cells possess characteristics similar to pluripotent cells, including epigenomic regulatory pattern. Therefore, ASC may be better equipped for …
Copper Oxide Wire Particles In Feed Pellets For Controlling Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection In Ewes And Lambs, Sarah Tammy Nicole Orlik
Copper Oxide Wire Particles In Feed Pellets For Controlling Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection In Ewes And Lambs, Sarah Tammy Nicole Orlik
LSU Master's Theses
Gastrointestinal nematode parasites cause extensive damage to small ruminants, and Haemonchus contortus is a major concern to production. In the past, small ruminants were dewormed at regular intervals and control methods were based primarily on the use of anthelmintics. At present, anthelmintic resistance has been reported worldwide and has developed into a serious problem for small ruminant management programs. In view of this, alternate control methods are needed. One alternative method is the use of copper oxide wire particles (COWP). Three independent trials were conducted during Spring, Summer, and Fall of 2008. Two trials evaluated the effect of COWP in …
Pregnancy Rates In Beef Cattle Artifically Inseminated With Frozen-Thawed Aged Beef Semen, David Barry Carwell
Pregnancy Rates In Beef Cattle Artifically Inseminated With Frozen-Thawed Aged Beef Semen, David Barry Carwell
LSU Master's Theses
The duration of frozen semen storage had no effect on pregnancy rates (60%, 61% and 61%, respectively) in Angus females inseminated with semen from 25 Angus bulls from Time Frames 1 (1960-1975), 2 (1976-1991) and 3 (1992-2006). Pregnancy rates were not different for beef females inseminated with semen from Time Frames 1, 2 and 3 (55%, 62% and 55%, respectively). There were no differences for total and progressive sperm motility across Time Frames 1 (42% and 29%), Time Frame 2 (51% and 38%) and Time Frame 3 (55% and 41%) and percentage of normal and abnormal sperm from bulls in …
Effects Of Serum Addition To Culture Medium On Gene Expression In Day-7 And Day-14 Bovine Embryos, Jaime Manuel Angulo Campos
Effects Of Serum Addition To Culture Medium On Gene Expression In Day-7 And Day-14 Bovine Embryos, Jaime Manuel Angulo Campos
LSU Master's Theses
The addition of serum to embryo culture media may alter gene expression and trigger development of Large Offspring Syndrome. The objectives of this study were to determine gene expression levels in embryos cultured in the absence or presence of 5% calf serum and compare these expression patterns to in vivo derived embryos (IVD), and to determine the effects of serum on the length of day-14 embryos. Abattoir derived oocytes were fertilized and cultured in mSOFaa. At 72 hours post-insemination (hpi), embryos were randomly allocated into two treatments: mSOFaa without and with 5% calf serum. Embryos were then cultured to 168 …
Effects Of Meal Timing On Anabolic Hormone Status And Energy Metabolism In Neonatal Dairy Calves, Katherine Claire Simon
Effects Of Meal Timing On Anabolic Hormone Status And Energy Metabolism In Neonatal Dairy Calves, Katherine Claire Simon
LSU Master's Theses
Twelve neonatal Holstein bull calves (38.52 ± 5.87 kg) were fed milk replacer at a fixed or varied meal time to determine the effects on metabolic hormone secretion, average daily intake, growth, and energy metabolism. Body weights were measured every two weeks from birth to 8 weeks. Rumen fluid was collected every two weeks from week 2 through 8. Serial blood collections were conducted every two weeks from week 2 through 8. Blood was collected, beginning at 0530, at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, and 150 minutes. Plasma was analyzed for ghrelin, leptin, growth hormone …
Laser-Assisted Zona Pellucida Hatching Of Frozen-Thawed In Vivo-Produced Bovine Embryos, Mindy Kaye Chiasson
Laser-Assisted Zona Pellucida Hatching Of Frozen-Thawed In Vivo-Produced Bovine Embryos, Mindy Kaye Chiasson
LSU Master's Theses
Incomplete zona hatching or failure of the zona to rupture compromises post-transfer embryo viability and conceptus development. Assisted hatching prior to the transfer of frozen-thawed bovine embryos has been proposed as a means to increase recipient pregnancy rates. The objective of this study was to determine if laser-assisted hatching would improve in vivo-produced frozen-thawed bovine embryo hatching and pregnancy rates. In Experiment I,II and III frozen direct-transfer embryos received either two a or three symmetrical rents at either 40% or 80% through the outer zona surface using the Hamilton Thorne XYClone® (Hamilton Thorne Biosciences) diode laser at 90% power with …
Carbohydrate Sources And Maximizing The Use Of Supplemental Amino Acids In Diets For Weanling Pigs, Victor D. Naranjo
Carbohydrate Sources And Maximizing The Use Of Supplemental Amino Acids In Diets For Weanling Pigs, Victor D. Naranjo
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The objectives of this research were 1) to determine the effect of replacing dried whey (DW) with milk chocolate product (MCP), dried whey permeate (DWP) with candy oats (CO), and spray-dried plasma protein (SDPP) with a novel swine nutritional supplement (SNS) on growth performance of weanling pigs, and 2) to determine the maximum level of supplemental L-Lys, along with DL-Met, L-Thr, and L-Trp that can be added in diets for 6- to 12 and 13- to 23-kg pigs. Three experiments were conducted to compare the feeding value of MCP (20% lactose and 60% sugars) and DW (70% lactose). Results from …
Effects On Hatchability Due To Pre-Incubation Warming Of End Of Lay Broiler Breeder Eggs, William Andrew Greenwald
Effects On Hatchability Due To Pre-Incubation Warming Of End Of Lay Broiler Breeder Eggs, William Andrew Greenwald
Honors Capstones
No abstract provided.
The Additive Effect Of Melengestrol Acetate (Mga) Priming And Sodium Monensin On Reproductive Performance In Beef Heifers, Jonathan Lance Roberts
The Additive Effect Of Melengestrol Acetate (Mga) Priming And Sodium Monensin On Reproductive Performance In Beef Heifers, Jonathan Lance Roberts
LSU Master's Theses
Breeding beef heifers to produce calves at 2 years of age could be a profitable management decision. The current practices have proved inefficient, which has justified further research in the area. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of repeated progestogen priming on the attainment of puberty by prepubertal heifers, to evaluate the potential additive effect of progestogen priming plus sodium monensin on the attainment of puberty by prepubertal heifers, to examine subsequent reproductive performance, including the response to synchronization of the estrous cycle, first-service pregnancy rates and overall pregnancy rates and to examine the effects of …
The Hyperinsulinemia-Hyperleptinemia Syndrome In Horses: Assessment Of Methods Of Diagnosis And Differential Effects Of Insulin Injection On Glucose, Glucagon And Nonesterified Fatty Acids In Plasma, Thomas Joseph Caltabilota
The Hyperinsulinemia-Hyperleptinemia Syndrome In Horses: Assessment Of Methods Of Diagnosis And Differential Effects Of Insulin Injection On Glucose, Glucagon And Nonesterified Fatty Acids In Plasma, Thomas Joseph Caltabilota
LSU Master's Theses
Plasma leptin concentrations in horses have been shown to vary widely. However, many factors may perturb these measurements. Previous research has documented a link between hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia in horses. This condition has been speculated to be associated with components of equine metabolic syndrome, such as insulin resistance and laminitis. However, many of the methods accepted in diagnosing these metabolic abnormalities are expensive and often difficult to perform. Thus, the objectives of the experiments in this thesis were 1) to determine if it is possible to differentiate hyperleptinemic horses from normal ones by hormone manipulation with dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid analog; …
Determining Gene Copy Number In Transfected Caprine Fibroblast Cells, Jessica A. Wilson
Determining Gene Copy Number In Transfected Caprine Fibroblast Cells, Jessica A. Wilson
LSU Master's Theses
Transgene expression in stably transgenic organisms is affected by many factors, including the copy number of the transgene in the genome, and by interactions between the transgene and flanking DNA sequences. Transgene copy number has also been shown to effect genetic stability in transgenic plants. Two commonly used methods for transfecting cells are liposome mediated transfection and electroporation. Little is known about the mean transgene copy number or variability of the copy number with these techniques. Quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) has been shown to be an effective method for determining transgene copy number. The objective of this study was to determine …
Effects Of Warming End Of Lay Broiler Breeder Eggs During The Storage Period On Hatchability, Jennifer Michelle Dowden
Effects Of Warming End Of Lay Broiler Breeder Eggs During The Storage Period On Hatchability, Jennifer Michelle Dowden
LSU Master's Theses
Due to necessary storage of hatching eggs in commercial hatcheries, the embryo is being regressed. End of lay broiler breeder eggs have the poorest hatchability and are most affected by pre incubation storage. Warming these eggs is the only way the embryo can develop. The objective of this study was to study the effects of daily warming of end of lay broiler breeder hatching eggs during the storage period on embryo mortality and hatchability. Six trials were conducted, three trials warmed for three of the four day storage period and three trials warmed for five of the six days storage …
Effect Of Rotational Or Continuous Stocking Method Of Winter Pasture On Beef Heifer Performance, David G. Skeans
Effect Of Rotational Or Continuous Stocking Method Of Winter Pasture On Beef Heifer Performance, David G. Skeans
LSU Master's Theses
Considerable research has been conducted comparing the effect of continuous and some form of rotational stocking method on animal and forage performance, but most research utilizes put-and-take stocking rates. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of 12-paddock rotational stocking method (ROT) or continuous stocking method (CONT) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) pastures on beef heifer and forage performance while maintaining a continuous stocking rate of 3.7 heifers/ha. Two experiments were conducted and analyzed separately due to confounding year and location. Heifer ADG and WG/ha tended to be increased by ROT compared …
A Mineral Survey Of Louisiana Beef Cow/Calf Production Systems, Kyle Austin Guidry
A Mineral Survey Of Louisiana Beef Cow/Calf Production Systems, Kyle Austin Guidry
LSU Master's Theses
The purpose of this research was to determine the state and regional mineral status of Louisiana forages and beef cattle. Louisiana beef cattle operations (n = 25) were sampled and divided into seven geographical regions, including the northwest (NW), northeast (NE), central (CE), southwest (SW), south central (SC), Florida parishes (FP) and southeast (SE) regions. Over a two year period, water and soil samples were collected from each operation annually, forage samples were collected quarterly in Aug to Sep, Nov to Dec, Feb to Mar and May to June and bovine serum samples were collected twice annually in the fall …
Dose Titration Of Sericea Lespedeza Leaf Meal On Haemonchus Contortus Infection In Crossbred Lambs, Dana Alicia Pollard
Dose Titration Of Sericea Lespedeza Leaf Meal On Haemonchus Contortus Infection In Crossbred Lambs, Dana Alicia Pollard
LSU Master's Theses
Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasitism is a problem for small ruminant producers. Haemonchus contortus is the most detrimental because of substantial economic losses. Over the past decades, chemical anthelmintics have been used to control GINs. Recently, GINs have developed resistance to most anthelmintics, and now reliance on anthelmintics is not possible. Alternative control methods are needed. Also, the use of fewer chemicals in agricultural products has called for alternative methods to be less synthetic and more organic. One promising alternative method is the feeding of condensed tannin (CT) containing forages as either fresh forage or dried products such as hay, ground …
Characterization Of The Common Eland (Taurotragus Oryx) Estrous Cycle, Parker M. Pennington
Characterization Of The Common Eland (Taurotragus Oryx) Estrous Cycle, Parker M. Pennington
LSU Master's Theses
Three oryx species and nine of eighteen antelope species across three tribes are considered endangered by the IUCN. Though the common eland (Taurotragus oryx) is not endangered, it lends itself well to the adaption of domestic assisted reproductive techniques due to its large size and calm temperament (Hansen et al., 1985). For these techniques to be used efficiently however, the details of the estrous cycle need to be defined within this and other species. Previously, Nowak (1999) proposed the eland estrous cycle to be ~21 days. In addition to cycle length, specifics of the estrous cycle have yet to be …
Pulsed Electric Field Influences On Acid Tolerance, Bile Tolerance, Protease Activity And Growth Characteristics Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus La-K, Olga Antonina Cueva
Pulsed Electric Field Influences On Acid Tolerance, Bile Tolerance, Protease Activity And Growth Characteristics Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus La-K, Olga Antonina Cueva
LSU Master's Theses
Pulsed electric field processing represents a promising non-thermal technology which involves the application of pulses of high voltage (20-80 kV/cm) for less than one second to fluid foods placed between two electrodes. During the application of certain PEF conditions microbial inactivation occurs by causing a pore formation and destruction of the cell membranes. Lactobacillus acidophilus is an important probiotic bacterium used for the production of fermented dairy products. The objective of this study was to study the influence of pulsed electric field (PEF) on the growth characteristics, bile tolerance, acid tolerance, and protease activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-K. Freshly thawed …