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2015

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Articles 241 - 270 of 8769

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Establishing The Microcrustacean Daphnia As A Model System For Research On Aging, Charles Andrew Shumpert Dec 2015

Establishing The Microcrustacean Daphnia As A Model System For Research On Aging, Charles Andrew Shumpert

Theses and Dissertations

Aging is a ubiquitous process pertaining to all biological systems around the planet. Although much has been learned from studies so far on the molecular mechanisms that lead to aging, a complete understanding of a healthy life span and longevity still eludes us. In this dissertation, we will examine the use of a freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia as a model system for studies on the biology of aging. The Introduction chapter presents a review of the general molecular alterations associated with cellular and organismal aging, and discusses the core model organisms currently used to study the aging process. The introduction chapter …

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The Effects Of Elevated Circulating Levels Of Lipocalin 2 On Liver Metastasis Of Colorectal Cancer, John Gerard Bonapart Dec 2015

The Effects Of Elevated Circulating Levels Of Lipocalin 2 On Liver Metastasis Of Colorectal Cancer, John Gerard Bonapart

Theses and Dissertations

In the United States, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths. In 2015, approximately 143,000 new cases will be diagnosed and 50,000 deaths are predicted. Liver metastasis is the major cause of death. To understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms of liver metastasis, we used an orthotopic mouse model of CRC liver metastasis that recapitulated all stages of tumor growth and metastasis to perform whole genome microarray analysis to identify genetic changes in the liver microenvironment in response to primary tumor growth in the cecum. We identified lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) …

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Vulnerable Species In A Changing Climate: The Genomic Response Of Antarctic Notothenioid Fishes To Predicted Oceanic Conditions As A Model Of Physiological Plasticity And Adaptive Capability, Troy James Huth Dec 2015

Vulnerable Species In A Changing Climate: The Genomic Response Of Antarctic Notothenioid Fishes To Predicted Oceanic Conditions As A Model Of Physiological Plasticity And Adaptive Capability, Troy James Huth

Theses and Dissertations

In its fifth report in 2014 the IPCC reinforced the contribution of anthropogenic CO2 to global climate change predicting widespread and significant changes to the global climate over a relatively short time scale. The polar regions, including the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica, were identified as ecosystems that may experience the most rapid and severe changes. As the Southern Ocean is one of the coldest and most oceanographically stable regions on earth, the endemic fauna likely have no alternative habitats available for migration. Further compounding the challenge these species will face is the substantial degree of adaptation to the extreme cold …

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Identifying Gene-Gene Interactions That Are Highly Associated With Body Mass Index Using Quantitative Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (Qmdr), Rishika De, Shefali S. Verma, Fotios Drenos, Emily R. Holzinger Dec 2015

Identifying Gene-Gene Interactions That Are Highly Associated With Body Mass Index Using Quantitative Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (Qmdr), Rishika De, Shefali S. Verma, Fotios Drenos, Emily R. Holzinger

Dartmouth Scholarship

Despite heritability estimates of 40–70% for obesity, less than 2% of its variation is explained by Body Mass Index (BMI) associated loci that have been identified so far. Epistasis, or gene-gene interactions are a plausible source to explain portions of the missing heritability of BMI. Using genotypic data from 18,686 individuals across five study cohorts – ARIC, CARDIA, FHS, CHS, MESA – we filtered SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) using two parallel approaches. SNPs were filtered either on the strength of their main effects of association with BMI, or on the number of knowledge sources supporting a specific SNP-SNP interaction in …

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Lantana Achyranthifolia Desf., Wayne M. Pichon Dec 2015

Lantana Achyranthifolia Desf., Wayne M. Pichon

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Vitex Agnus-Castus L., W. H. Imboden Dec 2015

Vitex Agnus-Castus L., W. H. Imboden

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Vitex Trifolia L., S. H. Sohmer Dec 2015

Vitex Trifolia L., S. H. Sohmer

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Vitex Lucens Kirk, F. Stalker Dec 2015

Vitex Lucens Kirk, F. Stalker

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Verbena Officinalis L., George D. Hulst Dec 2015

Verbena Officinalis L., George D. Hulst

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Verbena Urticifolia L., John E. Ebinger Dec 2015

Verbena Urticifolia L., John E. Ebinger

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Verbena Urticifolia L., Patrick Hanlon Dec 2015

Verbena Urticifolia L., Patrick Hanlon

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Verbena Stricta Vent., Mary Agnes Chase Dec 2015

Verbena Stricta Vent., Mary Agnes Chase

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Verbena Hastata L., M. S. Bebb Dec 2015

Verbena Hastata L., M. S. Bebb

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Verbena Hastata L., Ernest L. Stover Dec 2015

Verbena Hastata L., Ernest L. Stover

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Phyla Strigulosa (Mart. & Galeotti) Moldenke, Wayne M. Pichon Dec 2015

Phyla Strigulosa (Mart. & Galeotti) Moldenke, Wayne M. Pichon

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Verbena Bracteata Lag. & Rodr., M. S. Bebb Dec 2015

Verbena Bracteata Lag. & Rodr., M. S. Bebb

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Callicarpa Americana Lour., Vincent P. Hustad Dec 2015

Callicarpa Americana Lour., Vincent P. Hustad

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

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Overrating Bruins, Underrating Badgers: Media, Bias, And College Basketball, Daniel Hawkins, Andrew M. Linder, Ryan Larson, Jonathan Santo Dec 2015

Overrating Bruins, Underrating Badgers: Media, Bias, And College Basketball, Daniel Hawkins, Andrew M. Linder, Ryan Larson, Jonathan Santo

Psychology Faculty Publications

Why are some teams perennial darlings of sports journalists while other talented squads get overlooked? Each week during the NCAA basketball season, the Associated Press releases a ranked poll of the top 25 teams. By comparing the preseason and postseason rankings, we construct a measure of how much sports journalists who respond to the poll overrate (or underrate) college teams relative to their actual performance. Using this metric for the 115 NCAA schools that have appeared at least once in the opening or final AP poll in the last 25 years, we examine a range of institutional characteristics that may …

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A New Vaejovis From The Mogollon Highlands Of Northern Arizona (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), Richard F. Ayrey Dec 2015

A New Vaejovis From The Mogollon Highlands Of Northern Arizona (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), Richard F. Ayrey

Euscorpius

A new scorpion species, Vaejovis halli sp. nov., is described. This relatively small, brown new species is found on Mount Ord in the Mazatzal Mountains along the Mogollon Rim of northern Arizona. The new species appears most similar to V. vorhiesi Stahnke and V. deboerae Ayrey. The most distinguishing characteristic of this new species is the number of inner denticles (ID) found on the pedipalp fingers with six on the movable finger and usually five on the fixed finger, which more closely correlates with Vaejovis species from the mountains of southern Arizona rather than those geographically closer …

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Is Dexamethasone 4mg A More Effective Anti-Emetic Than Dexamethasone 8mg For The Prevention Of Early Post-Operative Nausea And Vomiting In Women Undergoing Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery?, Steven B. Doyle Dec 2015

Is Dexamethasone 4mg A More Effective Anti-Emetic Than Dexamethasone 8mg For The Prevention Of Early Post-Operative Nausea And Vomiting In Women Undergoing Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery?, Steven B. Doyle

Doctoral Projects

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common problem in the surgical setting. It affects as much as 20 to 80 percent of patients undergoing surgery (D'souza, Swami, & Bhagwat, 2011). PONV can lead to increased patient costs and recovery time by causing the patient to stay in the healthcare facility for a longer period of time. A retrospective cohort study was completed to examine whether or not there was a significant difference between patients who received 4mg and 8mg of dexamethasone in the incidence of PONV. All patients studied received ondansetron intraoperatively as their primary anti-emetic. English speaking patients …

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The Our Florida Reefs Coastal Use Survey: An Online Survey To Support Stakeholder Management Recommendations For Southeast Florida, Amanda Rose Costaregni Dec 2015

The Our Florida Reefs Coastal Use Survey: An Online Survey To Support Stakeholder Management Recommendations For Southeast Florida, Amanda Rose Costaregni

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Coral reefs are an important resource world-wide. Unfortunately, coral reef conditions are declining in many areas due to both global and local stressors. The objective of this study was to survey stakeholders in southeast Florida to better understand reef use in the region. Stakeholders spatially identified where and how often they conducted their activities. These data were compiled and analyzed in GIS to determine spatial use patterns. Both location and intensity of use were analyzed to determine which areas may be under greater stress from recreational activities. It was found that reef use was not evenly distributed in the region …

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Natural Vs. Anthropogenic Sedimentation: Does Reducing A Local Stressor Increase Coral Resilience To Climate Change?, Francesca Fourney Dec 2015

Natural Vs. Anthropogenic Sedimentation: Does Reducing A Local Stressor Increase Coral Resilience To Climate Change?, Francesca Fourney

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Corals face serious worldwide population declines due to global climate change in combination with direct anthropogenic impacts. Global climate change is difficult to manage locally, but policy makers can regulate the magnitude of local stressors affecting reefs. The objective of this experiment is to investigate if reducing sedimentation will enable reef corals to better endure global climate change. It has been shown that some coral species can handle climate change stress when provided with additional energy resources. Here I tested if the capacity of corals to cope with climate change can be improved when their ability to feed and photosynthesize …

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The Effectiveness Of A Preoperative Multimodal Antiemetic Regimen On Reducing Early Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting In Total Joint Arthroplasty Patients, Jerry Mosley Dec 2015

The Effectiveness Of A Preoperative Multimodal Antiemetic Regimen On Reducing Early Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting In Total Joint Arthroplasty Patients, Jerry Mosley

Doctoral Projects

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) occurs frequently in all types of surgeries including after total joint orthopedic procedures. The resulting PONV can lead to many unwanted occurrences including immobilization, distress, and many serious adverse health complications. These unwanted occurrences may then lead to increased cost to the patient and healthcare facility. Administration of a preoperative multimodal regimen known to reduce PONV has the potential to reduce such unwanted anesthetic side effects influencing a reduction in overall healthcare cost. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the preoperative kit which includes the administration of metoclopramide, famotidine, ondansetron, …

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Longevity Of Mineral Supplements Within The Soil And Associated Use By White-Tailed Deer, Brian C. Peterson, Keith D. Koupal, Andrew K. Schissel, Cody M. Siegel Dec 2015

Longevity Of Mineral Supplements Within The Soil And Associated Use By White-Tailed Deer, Brian C. Peterson, Keith D. Koupal, Andrew K. Schissel, Cody M. Siegel

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Humans have baited wildlife such as white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) for generations with the primary purpose of increasing hunting harvest success. Baiting regulation changes are often considered by state management agencies as they pertain to hunting opportunity, fair chase, and disease risk. Cervids require a variety of minerals to supplement biological processes, especially sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P). We developed artificial mineral supplement sites set in front of trail cameras to monitor deer use. Pooled soil samples were collected at mineral sites and compared to the surrounding area to determine the longevity of elevated minerals levels …

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Is The Zebrafish Zombie Mutant Caused By A Mutation In Cdc20?, Peyton Johnston Dec 2015

Is The Zebrafish Zombie Mutant Caused By A Mutation In Cdc20?, Peyton Johnston

Honors Theses

The zombie mutant was identified as an early arrest mutant, stopping in development around the 10-somite stage (14 hours of development). Further inspection revealed that this mutant was a cell cycle mutant and cells in the mutant arrest during metaphase as early as the 5-somite stage (11.6 hours of development). A similar phenotype is seen in the Drosophila melanogaster cell cycle gene fizzy, known to be to be a homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene, cell division cycle 20 (cdc20). CDC20 is an activator protein of the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), an ubiquitin E3 ligase that is …

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Soil Moisture Affects Growing-Season Wildfire Size In The Southern Great Plains, Erik S. Krueger, Tyson E. Ochsner, David M. Engle, J. D. Carlson, Dirac L. Twidwell, Samuel D. Fuhlendorf Dec 2015

Soil Moisture Affects Growing-Season Wildfire Size In The Southern Great Plains, Erik S. Krueger, Tyson E. Ochsner, David M. Engle, J. D. Carlson, Dirac L. Twidwell, Samuel D. Fuhlendorf

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The increasing availability of soil moisture data presents an opportunity for its use in wildfire danger assessments, but research regarding the influence of soil moisture on wildfires is scarce. Our objective was to identify relationships between soil moisture and wildfire size for Oklahoma wildfires during the growing (May-October) and dormant seasons (November-April). We hypothesized that soil moisture influences wildfire size when vegetation is growing but is less important when most vegetation is dead or dormant. Soil moisture, as fraction of available water capacity (FAW), and commonly measured weather variables were determined for 38,419 wildfires from 2000–2012. Wildfires were grouped by …

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Soybean Yield And Nodulation Response To Crop History And Inoculation, Stephen Mason, Tomie Galusha, Zaher Kmail Dec 2015

Soybean Yield And Nodulation Response To Crop History And Inoculation, Stephen Mason, Tomie Galusha, Zaher Kmail

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] inoculation was imposed on a long-term continuous grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] and soybean cropping systems study with and without manure application at Mead, NE. The objective was to determine the influence of 28-yr history of continuous grain sorghum and soybean production, inoculation, and manure on soybean yield and nodulation. Average 2-yr soybean grain yield was 0.5 Mg ha–1 greater on plots with continuous grain sorghum crop history rather than soybean history, even after this history was broken by 2-yr crop rotation with grain sorghum in the 2 yr previous to …

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A Review Of The Genus Heterometrus Ehrenberg, 1828, With Descriptions Of Seven New Species (Scorpiones, Scorpionidae), František Kovařík Dec 2015

A Review Of The Genus Heterometrus Ehrenberg, 1828, With Descriptions Of Seven New Species (Scorpiones, Scorpionidae), František Kovařík

Euscorpius

The genus Heterometrus is revised and a key is presented to all species except H. tristis. Subgenera Chersonesometrus Couzijn, 1978, Gigantometrus Couzijn, 1978, Javanimetrus Couzijn, 1981 and Srilankametrus Couzijn, 1981 are synonymized with the subgenus Heterometrus Ehrenberg, 1828. Seven new species of Heterometrus are described: H. beccaloniae sp. n., H. mysorensis sp. n., H. rolciki sp. n., and H. ubicki sp. n. from India, H. nepalensis sp. n., from Nepal, H. sejnai sp. n. from Thailand, and H. cimrmani sp. n. from Thailand and Vietnam. The following species and subspecies are synonymized: H. ( …

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A Note On The Scorpions From The Pirin Mountains, Southwestern Bulgaria (Scorpiones: Buthidae, Euscorpiidae), Rolando Teruel, Victor Fet, Luis F. De Armas Dec 2015

A Note On The Scorpions From The Pirin Mountains, Southwestern Bulgaria (Scorpiones: Buthidae, Euscorpiidae), Rolando Teruel, Victor Fet, Luis F. De Armas

Euscorpius

In the present note, four scorpion species are recorded from the Pirin Mountains in southwestern Bulgaria, including the first records for Bulgaria of both Mesobuthus gibbosus (Brullé, 1832) (Buthidae) and the “mingrelicus complex” of the genus Euscorpius Thorell, 1876 (Euscorpiidae) (the latter based upon an undetermined species). Also, E. hadzii Caporiacco, 1950 and another undetermined species of Euscorpius belonging to the “carpathicus complex” are recorded from Pirin. The taxonomic affinities of the taxa are discussed, as well as some biogeographical considerations about the scorpions of this poorly studied mountainous area.

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A Scorpion From A Peatbog: The First Arthropod Fossil From The Late Viséan Of The Moscow Coal Basin, Victor Fet, Michael E. Soleglad, Yulia V. Mosseichik, Dmitry E. Shcherbakov Dec 2015

A Scorpion From A Peatbog: The First Arthropod Fossil From The Late Viséan Of The Moscow Coal Basin, Victor Fet, Michael E. Soleglad, Yulia V. Mosseichik, Dmitry E. Shcherbakov

Euscorpius

This note describes a fossil fragment from the Upper Viséan (ca. 330 Ma), of the Moscow Coal Basin (Novgorod Region, Russia). The fossil is identified as the cuticle of a single leg segment (left femur) of a scorpion (Arachnida: Scorpiones), without any further taxonomic placement. The anatomical details of the fragment are given, along with ecological considerations. It is the first fossil scorpion record from Russia.

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