Life Sciences Commons^™

Taxonomy Of Usa East Coast Fishing Communities In Terms Of Social Vulnerability And Resilience, Richard Pollnac, Tarsila Seara, Lisa Colburn, Michael Jepson

Biology and Environmental Science Faculty Publications

Increased concern with the impacts that changing coastal environments can have on coastal fishing communities led to a recent effort by NOAA Fisheries social scientists to develop a set of indicators of social vulnerability and resilience for the U.S. Southeast and Northeast coastal communities. A goal of the NOAA Fisheries social vulnerability and resilience indicator program is to support time and cost effective use of readily available data in furtherance of both social impact assessments of proposed changes to fishery management regulations and climate change adaptation planning. The use of the indicators to predict the response to change in coastal …

Synthesis Of Phylogeny And Taxonomy Into A Comprehensive Tree Of Life, Cody E. Hinchliff, Stephen A. Smith, James F. Allman, J. Gordon Burleigh, Ruchi Chaudhary, Lyndon M. Coghill, Keith A. Crandall, Jiabin Deng, Bryan T. Drew, Romina Gazis, Karl Gude, David S. Hibbett, Laura A. Katz, H. Dail Laughinghouse Iv, Emily Jane Mctavish, Peter E. Midford, Christopher L. Owen, Richard H. Ree, Jonathan A. Rees, Douglas E. Soltis, Tiffani Williams, Karen A. Cranston

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships that unite all line- ages (the tree of life) is a grand challenge. The paucity of homologous character data across disparately related lineages currently renders direct phylogenetic inference untenable. To reconstruct a comprehensive tree of life, we therefore synthesized published phylogenies, together with taxonomic classifications for taxa never incorporated into a phylogeny. We present a draft tree containing 2.3 million tips— the Open Tree of Life. Realization of this tree required the assembly of two additional community resources: (i) a comprehensive global reference taxonomy and (ii) a database of published phylogenetic trees mapped to this taxonomy. …

Integrative Taxonomy, A New Tool For Fisheries Conservation, Adela Roa-Varon, Eric J. Hilton

Presentations

Species delimitation is becoming increasingly objective and integrative. Sequence capture approaches allow collection of 1000s of loci for 100s of individuals. New approaches address the computational challenges of large datasets and offer potential for genome-wide sampling of variation at different evolutionary scales. These new approaches also allow integration of genetic and non-genetic data in a unified framework. Despite these advances, few studies have attempted to combine genetic and morphological data for delimiting species. Hakes (Merluccius spp.) are an ideal group for an empirical test of the power and applicability of these new methods because they are morphologically conserved and …

A Phylogeny Of Belonolaimus Populations In Florida Inferred From Dna Sequences, Byron Adams, U. Gozel, K. Nguyen, R. Inserra, R. Giblin-Davis

Byron Adams

The D2-D3 and ITS regions of rDNA from 33 Florida populations of Belonolaimus spp. were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Our objective was to derive a theoretical evolutionary framework for interpreting phenotypic differences as they relate to the taxonomy of the genus. The most striking aspect of the phylogenetic analysis is that none of the three nominal species (B. longicaudatus, B. euthychilus, and B. gracilis) are monophyletic. Additionally, two taxa appear to have discordant ITS and LSU sequences. Three major clades of B. longicaudatus exhibited discernible, overlapping, geographic foci from east to west across the peninsula. Morphological character states …

Leucothoe Eltoni Sp. N., A New Species Of Commensal Leucothoid Amphipod From Coral Reefs In Raja Ampat, Indonesia (Crustacea, Amphipoda), James Darwin Thomas

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

A new species of leucothoid amphipod, Leucothoe eltoni sp. n., is described from coral reefs in Raja Ampat, Indonesia where it inhabits the branchial chambers of solitary tunicates. With an inflated first gnathopod superficially resembling the genus Paraleucothoe, this new species has a two-articulate maxilla 1 palp characteristic of the genus Leucothoe. While described from coral reef environments in tropical Indonesia and the Philippines, it is an established invasive species in the Hawaiian Islands. The most likely mode of introduction was a US Navy dry dock transported to Pearl Harbor in 1992 from Subic Bay, Philippines.

Morphological And Molecular Systematics Of Resupinatus (Basidiomycota), Jennifer Mcdonald

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Cyphelloid fungi are, compared to their gilled relatives, poorly studied and understood. Within the tribe Resupinateae (which includes the genera Resupinatus, Stigmatolemma, Aphyllotus and Stromatocyphella), little is known about the evolution of the cyphelloid fruit body form. How many times has this reduced morphology evolved within the group? Do all cyphelloid members that are currently treated in this group belong there? Are there other described species of cyphelloid fungi currently treated in other genera that belong within the Resupinateae? This study presents phylogenies of the cyphelloid and small lamellate members of the Resupinateae based on rDNA …

Evolution And Phylogeny Of The Parasitoid Subfamily Phasiinae (Diptera: Tachinidae), Jeremy Daniel Blaschke

Doctoral Dissertations

The first molecular phylogenetic analysis of the agriculturally important parasitoid subfamily Phasiinae (Diptera: Tachinidae) is presented, estimated from 128 worldwide taxa (80 genera) and approximately 7.6 kilobases of nuclear data. Special emphasis is placed on taxa with controversial taxonomic placement. The resultant phylogenetic tree is used to reconstruct ancestral character states, trace the evolution of significant adaptive traits within the Tachinidae, and test hypotheses about the classification of Phasiinae. Subfamily placements of the taxa Eutherini, Epigrimyiini, Litophasia, Strongygastrini, and Parerigonini are confidently resolved, the former three within Dexiinae and the latter two within Phasiinae. Due to sparse molecular evidence, …

Ecology, Behavior And Taxonomy Of Anurans From Brazil's Atlantic Forest, Rodrigio Barbosa Ferreira

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Anura is a diverse group with more than 7382 species described, which represents 88% of the species belonging to the Class Amphibia. Anurans are among the first organisms to be affected by environmental stressors, so when they show decline in the wild, it is a warning to other species, including humans. It is alarming that one-third of the world’s anurans are facing extinction. Following the same trend, a substantive portion of the 988 recognized species of the Atlantic Forest have suffered population declines and local extinctions, attributed primarily to habitat changes.

Despite the unique life history characteristics that make amphibians …

A Revision Of The Genera Of Charitometridae With Abruptly Expanded Genital Pinnules, Alois Romanowski

HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations

Feather star (Echinodermata: Crinoidea: Comatulida) family Charitometridae has not been revised since 1950. Molecular analysis, new specimens of existing species, and the discovery of a new species has revealed the need for a generic-level revision of those genera that exhibit abruptly expanded genital pinnules. A morphological study was conducted using 57 specimens representing 10 species of the Charitometridae. The genus Poecilometra is redescribed, and two species formerly placed in Strotometra have been moved to the genus based primarily on possession of pedunculate genital pinnules and a wide flange on the first pinnular of the proximal pinnules. A new species was …

Juniperus Communis In Morocco: Analyses Of Nrdna And Cpdna Regions, Robert P. Adams, Mustapha Rhanem, Andrea E. Schwarzbach

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Juniperus communis from Morocco was analyzed by DNA sequence data from nrDNA plus four cp DNA regions (4315 bp) and found to be in a clade with other J. communis from Europe. The sub-alpine, prostrate J. communis plants of Morocco, each only contained a single SNP and a one bp indel (deletion) in the trnSG sequence data for a total of 2 MEs (mutation events). The Moroccan prostrate J. communis appear to be a variant of J. communis of Europe and central Asia and not part of the var. hemispherica group.

Systematics And Biogeography Of Orthaea Kloztsch (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae), Nelson Salinas

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In the first chapter a study of the distribution patterns of the neotropical Vaccinieae (Ericaceae) is presented. Five areas of endemism were recovered: Central America, northern Chocó, southern Chocó, eastern Ecuador, and Yungas. Divergence times estimations indicate that the Andean clade of Vaccinieae migrated to South America during the Late Oligocene or Early Miocene (28.9-17.84 MA), and most of the subsequent diversification took place during the Tertiary. The Yungas was the first Andean area to be colonized, and several dispersals towards the north expanded their distribution range. Both areas of endemism and dispersal events were influenced by geological processes, such …

Juniperus Communis In Azerbaijan: Analyses Of Nrdna And Cpdna Regions, Robert P. Adams, Vahid Farzaliyev, Alexander N. Tashev, Andrea E. Schwarzbach

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Juniperus 'pygmaea' from Azerbaijan was analyzed by DNA sequence data from nrDNA plus four cp DNA regions (4315 bp) and found in a clade with J. communis 'oblonga' (= J. communis) Armenia, not with J. c. forma pygmaea of Bulgaria. It seems prudent to not recognize this variant taxonomically but treat it as J. communis.

Recommendations Of Generic Names In Diaporthales Competing For Protection Or Use, Amy Y. Rossman, Gerard C. Adams, Paul F. Cannon, Lisa A. Castlebury, Pedro W. Crous, Marieka Gryzenhout, Walter M. Jaklitsch, Luis C. Mejia, Dmitar Stoykov, Dhanushka Udayanga, Hermann Voglmayr, Donald M. Walker

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

In advancing to one name for fungi, this paper treats generic names competing for use in the order Diaporthales (Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes) and makes a recommendation for the use or protection of one generic name among synonymous names that may be either sexually or asexually typified. A table is presented that summarizes these recommendations. Among the genera most commonly encountered in this order, Cytospora is recommended over Valsa and Diaporthe over Phomopsis. New combinations are introduced for the oldest epithet of important species in the recommended genus. These include Amphiporthe tiliae, Coryneum lanciforme, Cytospora brevispora, C. ceratosperma, C. …

Robert Folger Thorne—A Botanical Legacy

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Robert F. Thorne, distinguished botanist and former curator of the herbarium at Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, left a rich botanical legacy. Contributions featured include a list of his articles appearing in Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, as well a list of plant taxa named for him.

Obituary For Robert F. Thorne

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

A Revised Catalog Of The Species Of Stenocrates Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini), With Descriptions Of Three New Species From Peru And Brazil And Stenocrates Inpai Ratcliffe, 1978 Placed In Junior Synonymy With Stenocrates Popei Endrödi, 1971, Brett C. Ratcliffe

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Three new species of the South American genus Stenocrates Burmeister, 1847 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Cyclocephalini) are described: Stenocrates serendipitus Ratcliffe, new species and Stenocrates mimeomus Ratcliffe, new species, both from Amazonian Peru, and Stenocrates hastatus Ratcliffe, new species from southeastern Brazil. Descriptions, diagnoses, distributions, and illustrations of the parameres of the new species are provided. Stenocrates inpai Ratcliffe, 1978, is placed in new junior synonymy with Stenocrates popei Endrödi, 1971, based upon the examination of additional specimens. A revised, annotated catalog of Stenocrates species is provided.

A Monographic Revision Of The Genus Hoplopyga Thomson, 1880 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae: Gymnetini), Jennifer M. Shaughney, Brett C. Ratcliffe

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

A comprehensive revision of the genus Hoplopyga Thomson, 1880 is presented. Eighteen species are redescribed, and two new species are described. A key for identification, distribution maps, and images of the 20 species are provided. Hoplopyga ruteri Antoine is removed from the genus and placed in junior synonymy with Macrocranius similis Schürhoff. Lectotypes are designated for Hoplopyga brasiliensis (Gory and Percheron), Hoplopyga corumbana Schürhoff, and Hoplopyga multipunctata (Gory and Percheron). The following new synonymies are established: Hoplopyga lucidiventris (Thomson) is Hoplopyga foeda (Schaum); Hoplopyga spurca (Janson) is Hoplopyga liturata (Olivier); Hoplopyga monacha (Gory and Percheron) and Hoplopyga rubida (Gory and …

First Record Of The Genus Diarthrodella Klie, 1949 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Paramesochridae) From The Mediterranean Sea, With Description Of A New Species From Turkey, Serdar Sönmez, Suphan Karaytuğ, Serdar Sak

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Both sexes of Diarthrodella ergeneae sp. nov. (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Paramesochridae), which were collected from the intertidal zone of Kurtpınarı Beach along the Mediterranean coast of Turkey, are described in detail. The new species is morphologically most similar to D. convexa Kunz, 1981; D. secunda secunda Kunz, 1954; and D. lancifera Kunz, 1981 according to the setal formula of the swimming legs, but D. ergeneae sp. nov. can easily be differentiated from D. convexa by the ratio of P1 exopod/enp-1, by the lack of an inner seta on P2 enp-2, and by the shape and armature of P5; from D. secunda …

Distribution, Natural History And The Conservation Status Of Hemiphyllodactylus Typus And Lepidodactylus Lugubris (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) In Sri Lanka, D.M.S.S. Karunarathna, Thilina Dilan Surasinghe, M.B. Madawala, S.M. Wellappulli-Arachchi, H.K.D. Kandambi, T.G.T. Kusuminda, T.M.T.S. Priyadarshana, B.N.H. Perera

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Sri Lanka has a rich assemblage of gekkonid fauna. Among Sri Lankan geckos, rare species such as Hemiphyllodactylus typus and Lepidodactylus lugubris are poorly studied; both are considered vulnerable in national conservation assessments. Detailed ecological studies are needed for robust conservation assessments of these species, especially with the focus on island-wide distribution and microhabitat requirements. This study was conducted via patch sampling to record relative abundance and distribution of H. typus and L. lugubris based on random walks to 82 locations representing the three major bioclimatic zones of Sri Lanka. Morphological characteristics, behavior, and habitat use of the focal species …

Evolution, Systematics & Geographic Parthenogenesis Of Ilyodromus (Crustacea, Ostracoda), Rylan James Shearn

Theses

Most multicellular organisms reproduce sexually at some point in their life cycle. This is paradoxical because being asexual is theoretically far more advantageous. Asexual organisms do not need to find and court new mates, they reproduce at a faster rate, and with no males, all members of the population contribute toward population growth rate. With over 20, often mutually exclusive hypotheses, this paradox resists a synthesised explanation, and continues to represent one of the largest gaps in our understanding of fundamental evolutionary theory. Clearly, more real world studies are required that document the selective mechanisms underlying differences in evolutionary fitness …

Taxonomic Revision Of The Genus Poa L. In Iran, New Additions To Flora Iranica, And A New Identification Key, Mahsa Kavousi, Mostafa Assadi, Taher Nejadsattari

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this study, an identification key of Poa L. species in Iran and descriptions of all species are presented. Based on the results, 19 species and 4 subspecies of Poa are known from Iran. Two species, P. longifolia Trin. and P. sterilis M.Bieb., are new records for the flora of Iran. Some taxa such as P. versicolor Besser. subsp. araratica (Trautv.) Tzvelev and P. bactriana Roshev. subsp. glabriflora (Roshev. ex Ovcz.) Tzvelev were placed as subspecies. Poa supina Schrad. and P. aitchisonii Boiss. were not confirmed to occur in Iran since they were observed neither among the herbarium specimens nor …

Marine Benthic Cyanobacteria In Northern Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean Sea), Sevi̇lay Ulcay, Ergün Taşkin, Oğuz Kurt, Mehmet Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Botany

In this paper, 47 taxa (15 Chroococcales, 20 Oscillatoriales, and 12 Nostocales) of Cyanobacteria that were collected along the coasts of Northern Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean Sea) are reported. Aphanocapsa litoralis (Hansgirg) Komárek & Anagnostidis, Coelosphaerium minutissimum Lemmermann, Chroococcus cf. turicensis (Nägeli) Hansgirg, Chroococcus varius A.Braun, Spirulina tenerrima Kützing ex Gomont, Calothrix fuscoviolacea P.L.Crouan & H.M.Crouan ex Bornet & Flahault, Rivularia nitida C.Agardh ex Bornet & Flahault, and Scytonematopsis pilosa (Harvey ex Bornet & Flahault) I.Umezaki & M.Watanabe are recorded for the first time from the Mediterranean Sea, and 35 taxa are also recorded for the first time from Northern Cyprus. …

Paracaryum Bingoelianum (Boraginaceae), A New Species From Turkey, Lütfi̇ Behçet, Ahmet İlçi̇m

Turkish Journal of Botany

Paracaryum bingoelianum Behçet & İlçim is described as a new species. It is confined to Bingöl in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Paracaryum bingoelianum is closely similar to P. cristatum subsp. cristatum and P. kurdistanicum. It mainly differs from them in that it has a shrub-like woody base and numerous stems with sterile shoots, longer corolla, and bigger nutlets. The diagnostic characters are discussed and taxonomic comments are presented. Seed and pollen characteristics were investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy. Notes on its ecology are also presented. A distribution map of the new and related species is provided.

Flow Cytometric Estimation Of The Nuclear Genome Size Of 22 Echinops (Asteraceae) Taxa From Turkey, Handan Şapci, Monika Rewers, Cem Vural, Elwira Sliwinska

Turkish Journal of Botany

Taxonomic classification of the genus Echinops (Asteraceae) is still unclear, mostly because of the small morphological differences between the species. Estimation of genome size is helpful in species identification and in establishing a relationship between them; however, nuclear DNA content has been established for only 25% of known Echinops species. In the present study, in addition to the chromosome number, the DNA content of species in 22 taxa belonging to 3 sections (Echinops, Oligolepis, and Ritropsis) was estimated using flow cytometry; 9 of the species are endemic to Turkey. For 16 of the species this is the first report on …

A New Species Of Bondarzewia From India, Kanad Das, Arvind Parihar, Manoj Emanuel Hembrom

Turkish Journal of Botany

Bondarzewia zonata, collected from North Sikkim, is proposed here as new to science. It is characterized by basidiomata with strong zonate pilei, thin context turning persistent dark red with guaiacol, comparatively small spores with narrow ornamented ridges, and an absence of cystidioles. A detailed description coupled with macro- and micromorphological illustrations of this species is provided. Its relation to the allied species is discussed and a provisional key to the species of Bondarzewia is given.

Notes On Astragalus Sect. Hymenostegis (Fabaceae) From Turkey, Seher Karaman Erkul, Ali Bagheri, Ali Asghar Maassoumi, Mohammad Reza Rahiminejad

Turkish Journal of Botany

Astragalus rubrostriatus Bunge and Astragalus qoturensis Podlech, belonging to Astragalus sect. Hymenostegis Bunge, are recorded here for the first time from Turkey. In addition, Astragalus chrysostachys Boiss. is excluded from the list of Turkish species of Astragalus.

Phylogeny And Systematics Of The Western Mediterranean Vella Pseudocytisus-V. Aspera Complex (Brassicaceae), Violeta I. Simón-Porcar, Ernesto Perez-Collazos, Pilar Catalan

Turkish Journal of Botany

The evolution and taxonomy of the core members of subtribe Vellinae (Brassicaceae), comprising Vella aspera, V. Bourgeana, and V. Pseudocytisus, is still poorly known. We reconstructed the evolutionary relationships among these taxa and other Vellinae and close Brassicaceae using nuclear ITS and plastid trnTF phylogenies, and analyzed the phenotypic traits that differentiate the infraspecific ranks of V. Pseudocytisus. Our phylogenetic analyses show: i) an early divergence of Succowia within the Brassiceae-Sisymbrieae sensu lato clade; ii) the nested positions of Vella bourgeana (syn. Euzomodendron bourgaeanum) and V. Aspera (syn. Boleum asperum) within the Vella clade; and iii) the split of 5 …

Prosthechea Tinukiana Sp. Nov. (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae): An Update Of The Prosthechea Prismatocarpa Complex, Diego Bogarin, Adam P. Karremans

Turkish Journal of Botany

We describe and illustrate a new species of Prosthechea from Costa Rica. The species is similar to Prosthechea ionocentra, but it is easily distinguishable by its inflorescence originating from the penultimate mature pseudobulb; its purple spotted sepals and petals; the cordate, acute labellum; the disc with two longer, narrower keels; the stigmatic arms of the column, which are convergent and rounded; and the narrower stigma. Differences from other related species are given and discussed. Data on distribution, habitat and ecology, etymology, and phenology are provided. An updated key to the species of the Prosthechea prismatocarpa complex is presented.

A New Species Of Russula (Russulaceae) From India Based On Morphological And Molecular (Its Sequence) Data, Arun Kumar Dutta, Soumitra Paloi, Prakash Pradhan, Krishnendu Acharya

Turkish Journal of Botany

Russula kanadii (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota) is described as a new species from West Bengal, India, and is assigned to the subgenus Heterophyllidia, section Heterophyllae, and subsection Virescentinae. A comprehensive description, photographs, and comparisons with morphologically similar and phylogenetically related species are provided. Inferences of its phylogenetic relationships within the genus are provided based on the sequence of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region.

Notas Sobre La Identifi Cación Y Distribución De Centris Testacea Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Anthophila; Apidae), Julio A. Genaro

Insecta Mundi

Information about the range of distribution of Centris (Centris) testacea Lepeletier has not been historically accurate. Range of distribution and identifi cation of the species is clarifi ed. Images of both sexes as well as male terminalia are presented. Centris testacea is a good species, with no synonym names. According to the available information, C. testacea should be considered endemic to the Greater Antillean island of Hispaniola.