Life Sciences Commons^™

Real-Time Pcr Method For The Quantification Of Burkholderia Cepacia Complex Attached To Lung Epithelial Cells And Inhibitionn Of That Attachment, Ciara Wight, Gillian Herbert, Ruth Pilkington, Máire Callaghan, Siobhan Mcclean

Articles

To develop a rapid method to quantify the attachment of the cystic fibrosis pathogen, Burkholderia multivorans, to lung epithelial cells (16HBE14o(-)) using real-time PCR with a view to monitoring potential inhibition of lung cell attachment. Mammalian and bacterial DNA were purified from bacteria attached to lung epithelial cells. The relative amount of bacteria attached was determined by amplification of the recA gene relative to the human GAPDH gene, in the presence of SYBR Green. The method was thoroughly validated and shown to correlate well with traditional plating techniques. Inhibition of bacterial attachment with simple sugars was then evaluated by real-time …

Mammal Capture Success Of Scent Stations And Remote Cameras In Prairie And Forest Habitat, Marc N. Mckinney, Aaron M. Haines

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Two common noninvasive (i.e., no stress to the animal) methods used to survey mammals include track stations (i.e., track captures of mammals) and remote camera-traps (i.e., photo-captures of mammals). Our objectives were to compare capture effectiveness of both track stations and remote cameras in both forested and prairie habitats. This project was conducted on 4 study sires (2 forested sires and 2 prairie sites) located in Fayette County, Iowa. Each study site had 6 trapping stations 2:: 100 m apart. We monitored traps for a total of 216 trap nights and we recorded a total of 368 captures composed of …

Table Of Contents (Back Cover)

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Butterfly Response To Floral Resources At A Heterogeneous Prairie Biofuel Production Site, Benjamin J. Hoksch, Mark C. Myers

Undergraduate Student Work

In the Midwestern USA, current biofuel production systems rely on high input monoculture crops that do little to support biodiversity or protect soil and water resources. The University of Northern Iowa’s Tallgrass Prairie Center is investigating the feasibility of cultivating and harvesting diverse mixes of native prairie vegetation as a sustainable biofuel. In 2009, we established 48 research plots seeded with one of four treatments: 1) switchgrass monoculture, 2) warm-season grass mix (5 species), 3) biomass mix (16 species of grasses and forbs), or 4) prairie mix (32 species of grasses and forbs). We hypothesized that more diverse plant communities …

Xenopus Development From Late Gastrulation To Feeding Tadpole In Simulated Microgravity, Wendy M. Olson, Darrell Wiens, Theresa L. Gaul, Manuela Rodriguez, Cherie L. Hauptmeier

Faculty Work

Microgravity (microG) is known to influence cytoskeletal structure, but its effects on cell migration are not well understood. To examine the effects of altered gravity on neural crest cell (NCC) migration, we inserted Xenopus laevis embryos into two separate microG-simulating slow turning lateral vessels (STLVs) just before neurulation (stage 11-12), and exposed them until feeding stage (stage 45), when the jaws and branchial apparatus are fully functional. To evaluate apparatus-related artifacts, we used two different STLVs and a vibration control as well as a stationary control vessel. Larval growth, pattern of NCC-derived cartilage formation, and incidence of malformations were analyzed …

Improving Predicted Protein Loop Structure Ranking Using A Pareto-Optimality Consensus Method, Yaohang Li, Ionel Rata, See-Wing Chiu, Erik Jakobsson

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Background

Accurate protein loop structure models are important to understand functions of many proteins. Identifying the native or near-native models by distinguishing them from the misfolded ones is a critical step in protein loop structure prediction.

Results

We have developed a Pareto Optimal Consensus (POC) method, which is a consensus model ranking approach to integrate multiple knowledge- or physics-based scoring functions. The procedure of identifying the models of best quality in a model set includes: 1) identifying the models at the Pareto optimal front with respect to a set of scoring functions, and 2) ranking them based on the fuzzy …

An Injury Survey And Biomechanical Analysis Of Strength And Conditioning Exercises And Maximal Hiking Test (Hm180) In Junior Sailors, Wee Wing Kuen

Theses : Honours

In Olympic sailing, the "hiking" position is adopted by sailors to counteract forces of the wind acting on the sail and. improve boat speed. Hiking is widely regarded as the main physical challenge faced by single-handed dinghy sailors and senior dinghy sailors are known to have high rates of low back and knee injury. However, the extent of these injuries in junior sailors is yet to be reported. Although strength and conditioning exercises have been prescribed to enhance performance and prevent injury in sailors, little is known about these exercises in comparison to the demands placed on the sailor's musculature …

Interleukin 6 And 8 Gene Expression Responses To Resistance Exercise And The Correlation To Muscle Mass, Vivien Massie

Theses : Honours

The post exercise inflammatory response is a key signalling mechanism regulating muscle protein synthesis. The purpose of this research was firstly to determine whether muscle mass in non-strength trained individuals was associated with the inflammatory muscle gene response after a single bout of eccentric muscle loading. Secondly, to determine whether changes in muscle cross-sectional area after a chronic increase in muscle loading (resistance training) is related to the inflammatory gene response to a single bout of muscle loading. Eleven male participants (21.6 ± 4.1 years) volunteered for this study. Each participant completed a preliminary testing session that consisted of two …

Do Different Levels Of Fishing Pressure, Through Spatial Management, Influence Communities And Ecological Interactions In Seagrass Meadows In South Western Australia?, Karina Inostroza

Theses : Honours

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are internationally recognised as a significant spatial management and cost-effective strategy to restore and conserve the marine ecosystems structure and function from human impact. MPAs have been declared with the aim to address a single or a set of management objectives in response to anthropogenic threats, such as fishing, which can have repercussions on biodiversity through indirect interactions or top-down control within an ecosystem or across ecosystems where consumers migrate to forage. However, this indirect impact of fishing remains poorly understood, and as a consequence, the effectiveness of MP As in conserving those ecological processes and …

Ornithine Decarboxylase (Odc) Regulation By Mtor: New Insights From Tsc1 Knockout Cells, Alyssa Mae Cates

Honors Program Theses

The polyamine pathway, when improperly regulated, is one central cause of skin carcinogenesis. The purpose of this project was to investigate the relationship between two biochemical signaling pathways, the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway and the polyamine pathway. It is known that the protein mTOR serves to regulate a key protein in the polyamine pathway, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), but the precise mechanism remains unclear. It has been postulated that mTOR acts to regulate ODC through two RNA binding proteins, HuR (a member of the Hu family of proteins) and TIP (tristetraprolin). The project entailed characterizing that relationship using TSCl …

Towards Cloning A Tyrosinase Gene From Pitayas, Kurt J. Chamberlain

Honors Program Theses

Betalains, such as those produced by pitayas, are water-soluble nitrogen-containing pigment molecules (Gandia-Herrero et al., 2005). In most families of the Caryophyllales, betalains replace anthocyanins, which are the pigment molecules found in all other families of flowering plants (Strack et al., 2001). Betalains accumulate in the flowers, fruits, and occasionally vegetative tissues of these plants (Strack et al., 2001). Depending on the structure of the molecule, betalains are classified as either betacyanins or betaxanthins. Betacyanins contribute to red-violet coloration, while betaxanthins contribute to the yellow-orange coloration found only in a limited number of plant species (Gandia-Herrero et al., 2005). The …

Iowa Academy Of Science 122nd Annual Meeting [2010]: Advance Program, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contains information about the schedule and presentations for the 2010 annual meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science.

Proceedings Of The 122nd Annual Meeting Of The Iowa Academy Of Science [Program, 2010], Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contents:

Program Summary --- 2-3
Acknowledgements --- 4
Welcome from our Campus Host --- 5
IAS 2009-2010 Volunteers --- 6
Iowa Junior Academy of Science --- 7
General Session I --- 8
IJAS Award Luncheon --- 9
IAS Annual Business Meeting --- 9
Symposia Presentations --- 10-12
Great Moments in Iowa Science --- 13
Senior Poster Program --- 14-15
President's Banquet --- 16
General Session 11 --- 17
General Session III --- 18
ESTA Award Luncheon --- 19
Saturday Field Trips --- 20
Section Meeting Programs and Oral Presentations (Alphabetical by Section) --- 21-29
Abstracts (by Section) --- 30-59
Author …

Investigation Of The Protein-Protein Interaction Between Pcbp1 And Y -Synuclein, Amanda Hunkele

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Effects Of Marketing Chicken Meat As A Whole Or Cut Up On Enterprise Income, Ferhan Kaygisiz, Yavuz Cevger

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

As research material, 521 broiler carcasses, 308 of which were cut up manually and 213 of which were cut up with machine, were used. The carcasses cut up were divided into 6 groups based on their weights. In both methods, the whole weights of the carcasses were determined first and recorded. After that, they were divided into 3 parts as wings, legs, and breast. It was found that the process of cutting up takes 12 s by hand and 50.5 s with machine. As a result of cutting up, net income increase was determined as 13.75% for manual cutting up …

Effects Of Supplemental Fructo-Oligosaccharide And Mannan-Oligosaccharide On Nutrient Digestibilities, Volatile Fatty Acid Concentrations, And Immune Function In Horses, Emel Gürbüz, Fatma İnal, Saki̇ne Ülküm Ata, Özcan Bariş Çi̇ti̇l, Kürşat Kav, Fati̇h Küçükkaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This research was performed to study the effects of fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) and mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) on nutrient digestibilities, fecal pH and volatile fatty acids compositions, and immune function in adult horses. Four adult Thoroughbred horses were used in a 4×4 Latin Square design with 20-day treatment periods. A 12-day adaptation phase was followed by 6-day collection of feces and 2-day blood sampling phases. Four different treatments were administered: 1) Control (no supplemental FOS or MOS; 2) 30 g of FOS/d; 3) 30 g of MOS/d; 4) 15 g of FOS+15 g of MOS/d. There were no differences among treatments in the …

Prevalence Of Post Parturient Haemoglobinuria In Buffalo And Therapeutic Trials With Toldimfos Sodium And Tea Leaves In Pakistan, Aneela Zameer Durrani, Nadeem Kamal, Abdul Rauf Shakoori, Rana Muhammad Younus

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of post parturient haemoglobinuria in buffaloes, and to compare the therapeutic efficacy of toldimfos sodium, sodium acid phosphate, and tea leaves. The prevalence of disease in 1000 animals, grouped according to varying stages of lactation and pregnancy, was recorded. Screening of positive animals based on clinical signs of haemoglobinuria, anaemia, and moderate pyrexia was performed. Urine and blood samples were collected. Blood samples were processed for haematological parameters and biochemical profile. Blood films were made and stained. The animals that were positive for disease were treated with sodium acid phosphate, …

Influence Of \Beta-1,3/1,6 Glucan Applications On Some Non-Specific Cellular Immune Response And Haematologic Parameters Of Healthy Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus L., 1758), Aysel Şahan, Selçuk Duman

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the effects of \beta-glucan administration at different dosages on non-specific immune response and haematological parameters in healthy Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) were investigated. Fish were fed with diets containing 0.5% and 0.1% glucan (experiment) and without glucan (control) for 2 weeks. After feeding for 2 weeks with 2 different dosages, erythrocyte (RBC), leukocyte (WBC), hematocrit (Hct), haemoglobin (Hb) amount, leukocyte cell types (percentage of lymphocyte, monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil), the values of phagocytic activities, erythrocyte cell indexes (MCV and MCH) and blood cell sizes were determined. WBC and phagocytic activity amounts, percentages of lymphocyte and monocyte of …

Single Intramuscular Administration Of Long-Acting Oxytetracycline In Grouper (Epinephelus Marginatus), George Rigos, Pantelis Katharios, Nikos Papandroulakis

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The plasma concentration of long-acting oxytetracycline (OTC-LA) was measured following a single intramuscular (IM) injection (50 mg/kg) in grouper (Epinephelus marginatus), a common inhabitant of marine aquaria and a potential candidate for fish farming. The experiment was carried out at 20 °C and sampling points were selected at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h post-administration. OTC concentration in grouper circulation was maintained at high levels for the whole experiment (8.35-39.67 \mug/mL) with maximum plasma concentration measured at 1 h post-injection. The area under the curve values was also promising since AUC0-24 and AUC 0-48 …

Bilateral Abscesses Of The Maxillary Carnassial Teeth In A Female Pekinese, Abutorab Tabatabaei Naeini, Alireza Raayat Jahromi, Samira Mehrshad

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Tooth infections are typically seen in older dogs as a result of poor oral hygiene (periodontal disease) or traumatic tooth fractures (endodontic and periapical disease). An 8-year-old female Pekinese was presented due to bilateral draining tracts located just under its eyes, and a history of healing and recurrence of the lesions after about 3 weeks of systemic antibiotic therapy. Dental radiography revealed bilateral carnassial tooth root abscesses. Both teeth were extracted under general anesthesia. With proper postoperative care the abscesses healed with no further complications.

First Report Of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis In Bulgaria, Ilia Tsachev, Ioannis D. Kyriazis, Sofia Boutsini, Evdokia Karagouni, Eleni Dotsika

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Seroepidemiological studies on canine leishmaniasis in Bulgaria, even in areas where human leishmaniasis has been detected, are controversial. This report describes 2 clinical cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis. The disease was confirmed by microscopical, serological, and molecular methods. It is, therefore, suggested that infected dogs could constitute the reservoir for human leishmaniasis in the country.

Attenuated Response Of Aged Mice To Respiratory Francisella Novicida Is Characterized By Reduced Cell Death And Absence Of Subsequent Hypercytokinemia, Chris A. Mares, J. Sharma, S. S. Ojeda, Q. Li, J. A. Campos, E. G. Morris, J. J. Coalson, J. M. Teale

Biology Faculty Publications (Archived)

Background: Pneumonia and pulmonary infections are major causes of mortality among the growing elderly population. Age associated attenuations of various immune parameters, involved with both innate and adaptive responses are collectively known as immune senescence. These changes are likely to be involved with differences in host susceptibility to disease between young and aged individuals. Methodology/Principal Findings: The objective of this study was to assess potential age related differences in the pulmonary host response in mice to the Gram-negative respiratory pathogen, Francisella novicida. We intranasally infected mice with F. novicida and compared various immune and pathological parameters of the pulmonary host …

Microarray Analysis Of A Salamander Hopeful Monster Reveals Transcriptional Signatures Of Paedomorphic Brain Development, Robert B. Page, M. A. Borley, J. J. Smith, S. Putta, S. R. Voss

Biology Faculty Publications (Archived)

Abstract. Background. The Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) is considered a hopeful monster because it exhibits an adaptive and derived mode of development - paedomorphosis - that has evolved rapidly and independently among tiger salamanders. Unlike related tiger salamanders that undergo metamorphosis, axolotls retain larval morphological traits into adulthood and thus present an adult body plan that differs dramatically from the ancestral (metamorphic) form. The basis of paedomorphic development was investigated by comparing temporal patterns of gene transcription between axolotl and tiger salamander larvae (Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum) that typically undergo a metamorphosis. Results. Transcript abundances from whole brain and pituitary were …

Verdanus Artvinensis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), A New Leafhopper Species From Northeastern Turkey, Şaban Güçlü

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Verdanus artvinensis n. sp. from northeastern Turkey is described and illustrated. The main characteristics of this species are compared with those of V. pazoukii (Dlabola, 1980), a closely related species. A key to distinguish these 2 species is provided.

Additional Contribution To The Study Of The Freshwater Fauna Of Testate Amoebae In Southeast Azerbaijan, Nataly Snegovaya, Ilham Alekperov

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Investigations of the inland water bodies of southeast Azerbaijan (mainly near the city of Lenkoran and its suburbs) yielded 11 additional species of freshwater testate amoebae. Among these, 7 species (Oopyxis lenkoranica sp.n., Pentagonia azerbaijanica sp.n., Difflugia lenkoranica sp.n., D.talyshica sp.n., D.sapnakeranica sp.n., D.pressula sp.n., and D.girkanica sp.n.) are new to science. Descriptions of all 11 species are given.

The Occurrence Of The Subgenus Microlaccobius Gentili In Turkey (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae, Laccobius), With Taxonomic Notes, Mustafa Cemal Darilmaz, Suat Kiyak

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Distributional data and the chorotype of all known taxa of Turkish species of the subgenus Microlaccobius Gentili, 1974 are summarized. The taxonomic position of Laccobius gracilis persicus Gentili, 1974 is discussed and L. persicus is elevated to the level of valid species and new record for the Turkish fauna. A short identification key of Turkish species of the subgenus is also given.

Histology Of The Androgenic Gland In Eriphia Verrucosa (Forskål, 1775) (Decapoda, Brachyura), Meli̇ke Erkan, Yasemi̇n Tunali, Serap Eki̇nci̇, Si̇mge Kara

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study investigated the histology of the androgenic gland in Eriphia verrucosa (Forskål, 1775). The results obtained with light microscopy show that the androgenic gland in this species consists of 2 cell types. Type 1 cells are small and do not contain a secretory product. Type 2 cells are considerably larger and may produce a proteinaceous secretion. This study identified the location and structure of the androgenic gland in Eriphia verrucosa, which is an economically important brachyuran crab, and revealed the chemical nature of the secretions produced by its cells.

Age, Growth, Length-Weight Relationship And Reproduction Of The Striped Seabream (Lithognathus Mormyrus L., 1758) (Sparidae) In The Beymelek Lagoon (Antalya, Turkey), Yilmaz Emre, İsmet Balik, Çeti̇n Sümer, D. Aytuğ Oskay, H. Özgür Yeşi̇lçi̇men

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Age, growth, length-weight relationship and reproduction were investigated for striped seabream (Lithognathus mormyrus L., 1758) collected from Beymelek Lagoon (Antalya, Turkey) between February 2006 and January 2007. The ages of striped seabream ranged from 0 to 3 years for males and from 0 to 4 years for females. Their total lengths and weights ranged between 14.4 and 26.4 cm and 42 and 297 g for males and 14.3 and 27.4 cm and 40 and 329 g for females, respectively. The growth parameters of the von Bertalanffy equation were: L_{\infinity} = 28.3 cm, K = 0.456 year^{-1} and t_0 = -1.859 …

Length-Weight Relationships Of Marine Fishes Off Yumurtalık Coast (İskenderun Bay), Turkey, Gökhan Gökçe, Mustafa Çeki̇ç, Hali̇t Fi̇li̇z

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, length and weight data are presented for 33 fish species inhabiting littoral habitats off the Yumurtalık coast. Samples were collected with combined gill and trammel nets. Parameters of the length-weight relationships were estimated for 14 species. The b values ranged between 2.35 and 3.53. For remained 19 species, the parameter a was estimated by setting b = 3.0.

Protein, Lipid, And Glycogen Levels In The Parasitoid Bracon Hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Eylem Akman Gündüz, Adem Gülel

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study compared the protein, lipid, and glycogen reserves in recently emerged unfed female and male Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to those in 5- and 10-day-old wasps fed honey. Galleria mellonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were used as host species. The mean level of protein in both sexes increased significantly from emergence to day 5, and then returned to emergence levels on day 10 in females, but remained constant in males during the same period. In honey-fed females glycogen levels increased significantly during the first 10 days of life; however, there was no significant …