Life Sciences Commons^™

Conferred Immunity Against The H1n1 Type A Influenza Virus In Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells Via Cecropin B Transfection Therapy., Tomasz P. Stryjewski

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Attenuation Of Ruminal Methanogenesis, Eric J. Behlke

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Ruminal methanogens reduce carbon dioxide to methane (CH₄), thereby preventing hydrogen use by bacteria for VFA synthesis resulting in a 2 to 12% loss in feed gross energy. Methane is a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. The objectives of this work were to determine: 1) the extent to which ruminal cultures acquire resistance to a nitrofuranyl derivative of para-aminobenzoate (NFP) and an extract from the plant Yucca shidigera (Yucca); 2) the effect of distillers dried grains plus solubles (DDGS) on ruminal CH₄ production; 3) the effect of brome hay-based diets, corn-based diets, and in vivo …

1,3,7,10,14,17,21,28,31,42,52,55-Dodeca­Kis(Trifluoro­Meth­Yl)- 1,3,7,10,14,17,21,28,31,42,52,55-Dodeca­Hydro­(C60-IH)[5,6]Fullerene, Natalia B. Shustova Prof. Dr., O.P. Anderson, O. V. Boltalina, S. H. Strauss, I. E. Kareev

Faculty Publications

The title compound, C₇₂F₃₆, is one of four isomers of C₆₀(CF₃)₁₂ for which crystal structures have been obtained. The fullerene mol­ecule has an idealized I_h C₆₀ core with the 12 CF₃ groups arranged in an asymmetric fashion on two ribbons of edge-sharing C₆(CF₃)₂ hexa­gons, a para–meta–para–para–para–meta–para ribbon and a para–meta–para ribbon, giving an overall pmp ³ mp,pmp structure. There are no cage Csp ^{3 …}

Smokejumper Obituary: Lewis, Tedford P. (Missoula 1943), National Smokejumper Association

Smokejumper Obituaries

No abstract provided.

The International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter, December 2007, International Lepidoptera Survey, Kenneth E. Davenport, Ray E. Stanford, Robert L. Langston

International Lepidoptera Survey Newsletter

Contents (pages 1-66)

Title

Flight Periods of California Butterflies for “Resident Species,” Subspecies and Most Strays to the State (2007)

Authors

Kenneth E. Davenport, Ray E. Stanford and Robert L. Langston

Abstract

Normal flight periods and early/late records for resident species, subspecies and regular strays of butterflies of California are presented below.. Many subspecies or populations in the state are distinctive and may prove to merit species recognition by specialists in the future.

Bioluminescence In A Complex Coastal Environment: 2. Prediction Of Bioluminescent Source Depth From Spectral Water-Leaving Radiance, Matthew J. Oliver, Mark A. Moline, Curtis D. Mobley, Lydia Sundman, Oscar M.E. Schofield

Biological Sciences

Many bioluminescence observations are made from the ocean's surface. However, the depth of the bioluminescent source is difficult to estimate on the basis of surface observations alone, given the variable light attenuation of unknown concentrations of water column constituents such as phytoplankton, colored dissolved organic matter, and detritus. Part 1 of this paper showed that bioluminescent water-leaving radiance signals are detectable, even in extremely turbid and dynamic coastal waters. Here, in part 2 of this paper, we analyze the water-leaving radiance patterns of bioluminescence modeled by HydroLight 4.2 to determine if the depth of the bioluminescent source can be estimated …

A Bayesian Model For Cross-Study Differential Gene Expression, Robert B. Scharpf, Hakon Tjelemeland, Giovanni Parmigiani, Andrew B. Nobel

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

In this paper we define a hierarchical Bayesian model for microarray expression data collected from several studies and use it to identify genes that show differential expression between two conditions. Key features include shrinkage across both genes and studies; flexible modeling that allows for interactions between platforms and the estimated effect, and for both concordant and discordant differential expression across studies. We evaluated the performance of our model in a comprehensive fashion, using both artificial data, and a "split-sample" validation approach that provides an agnostic assessment of the model's behavior not only under the null hypothesis but also under a …

Discovering Roses, Larry A. Sagers

Archived Gardening Publications

No abstract provided.

Microchip Liquid Chromatography And Capillary Electrophoresis Separations In Multilayer Microdevices, Hernan Vicente Fuentes

Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation, several microfabricated devices are introduced to develop new applications in the area of chemical analysis. Electrochemical micropumps, chip-based liquid chromatography systems and multilayer capillary electrophoresis microdevices with crossover channels were fabricated using various substrates such as poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), glass, and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). I have demonstrated pressure-driven pumping of liquids in microfabricated channels using electrochemical actuation. PDMS-based micropumps were integrated easily with channel-containing PMMA substrates. Flow rates on the order of ~10 µL/min were achieved using low voltages (10 V). The potential of electrolysis-based pumping in microchannels was further evaluated for pressure driven microchip liquid chromatography (LC). …

Evidence Of Compromised Blood-Spinal Cord Barrier In Early And Late Symptomatic Sod1 Mice Modeling Als, Svitlana N. Garbuzova-Davis, Samuel Saporta, Edward M. Haller, Irina Kolomey, Steven P. Bennett, Huntington Potter, Paul R. Sanberg

Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: The blood-brain barrier (BBB), blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB), and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) control cerebral/spinal cord homeostasis by selective transport of molecules and cells from the systemic compartment. In the spinal cord and brain of both ALS patients and animal models, infiltration of T-cell lymphocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages and dendritic cells, and IgG deposits have been observed that may have a critical role in motor neuron damage. Additionally, increased levels of albumin and IgG have been found in the cerebrospinal fluid in ALS patients. These findings suggest altered barrier permeability in ALS. Recently, we showed disruption of the BBB and …

Simpler Mode Of Inheritance Of Transcriptional Variation In Male Drosophila Melanogaster, Marta Wayne, Marina Telonis-Scott, Lisa Bono, Lawrence G. Harshman, Artyom Kopp, Sergey V. Nuzhdin, Lauren Mcintyre

Lawrence G. Harshman Publications

Sexual selection drives faster evolution in males. The X chromosome is potentially an important target for sexual selection, because hemizygosity in males permits accumulation of alleles, causing tradeoffs in fitness between sexes. Hemizygosity of the X could cause fundamentally different modes of inheritance between the sexes, with more additive variation in males and more nonadditive variation in females. Indeed, we find that genetic variation for the transcriptome is primarily additive in males but nonadditive in females. As expected, these differences are more pronounced on the X chromosome than the autosomes, but autosomal loci are also affected, possibly because of X-linked …

The Ecology Of Translocated Greater Sage-Grouse In Strawberry Valley, Utah, Rick Joseph Baxter

Theses and Dissertations

Manuscript No. 1 Translocations of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) have been attempted in 7 states and one Canadian province with very little success. To recover a small remnant population and test the efficacy of sage-grouse translocations, we captured and transported 137 adult female sage-grouse from 2 source populations to a release site in Strawberry Valley, Utah during March-April 2003-2005. The resident population of sage-grouse in Strawberry Valley was approximately 150 breeding birds prior to the release. We radiomarked each female and documented survival, movements, reproductive effort, flocking with resident grouse, and lek attendance. We used Program MARK to calculate annual …

Temperature Effects On Metabolic Rate Of Juvenile Pacific Bluefin Tuna Thunnus Orientalis, Jason M. Blank, Jeffery M. Morrissette, Charles J. Farwell, Mathew Price, Robert J. Schallert, Barbara A. Block

Biological Sciences

Pacific bluefin tuna inhabit a wide range of thermal environments across the Pacific ocean. To examine how metabolism varies across this thermal range, we studied the effect of ambient water temperature on metabolic rate of juvenile Pacific bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus, swimming in a swim tunnel. Rate of oxygen consumption (M_O2) was measured at ambient temperatures of 8–25°C and swimming speeds of 0.75–1.75 body lengths (BL) s^–1. Pacific bluefin swimming at 1 BL s^–1 per second exhibited a U-shaped curve of metabolic rate vs ambient temperature, with a thermal minimum zone between …

Livestock Production System Management Responses To Thermal Challenges, J. A. Nienabar, G. L. Hahn

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The adaptive capabilities of animals and livestock production systems have been emphasized in this report. Biometeorology has a key role in rational management to meet the challenges of thermal environments. While the focus is primarily on cattle in warm or hot climates, the importance of dynamic animal responses to environmental challenges applies to all species and climates. Methods used to mitigate environmental challenges focus on heat loss/heat production balance. Under cold stress, reduction of heat loss is the key. Under heat stress, reduction of heat load or increasing heat loss are the primary management tools, although heat-tolerant animals are also …

Microfluidic Electro-Osmotic Flow Pumps, John Mason Edwards

Theses and Dissertations

The need for miniaturized, portable devices to separate and detect unknown compounds has greatly multiplied, leading to an increased interest in microfluidics. Total integration of the detector and pump are necessary to decrease the overall size of the microfluidic device. Using previously developed thin film technologies, an electroosmotic flow (EOF) pump was incorporated in a microfluidic liquid chromatography device. An EOF pump was chosen because of its simple design and small size. EOF pumps fabricated on silicon and glass substrates were evaluated. The experimental flow rates were 0.19-2.30 microliters/minute for 40-400 V. The theoretical pump efficiency was calculated along with …

Characterization Of Polymeric Proteins From Vitreous And Floury Sorghum Endosperm, B. Ioerger, S. R. Bean, M. R. Tuinstra, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, J. Erpelding, K. M. Lee, T. J. Herrman

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Differences in protein content and composition between vitreous and floury endosperm were investigated using a number of different techniques. Differences in protein cross-linking between vitreous and floury endosperm were investigated using differential solubility, size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and analysis of sulfhydryl content and composition. Vitreous endosperm was found to have higher levels of total protein and kafirins, but floury endosperm had a higher proportion of γ-kafirins than the vitreous. Floury endosperm was found to have higher levels of SDS-soluble proteins than SDS-insoluble proteins extracted using sonication than vitreous endosperm. Conversely, vitreous endosperm had a greater proportion of the insoluble proteins. …

Pre-Mrna Secondary Structures Influence Exon Recognition, Michael Hiller, Zhaiyi Zhang, Rolf Backofen, Stefan Stamm

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The secondary structure of a pre-mRNA influences a number of processing steps including alternative splicing. Since most splicing regulatory proteins bind to single-stranded RNA, the sequestration of RNA into double strands could prevent their binding. Here, we analyzed the secondary structure context of experimentally determined splicing enhancer and silencer motifs in their natural pre-mRNA context. We found that these splicing motifs are significantly more single-stranded than controls. These findings were validated by transfection experiments, where the effect of enhancer or silencer motifs on exon skipping was much more pronounced in single-stranded conformation. We also found that the structural context of …

Structural Biology: A Receptor Unlocked, Stephen R. Sprang

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Discovery Of Platelet-Type 12-Human Lipoxygenase Selective Inhibitors By High-Throughput Screening Of Structurally Diverse Libraries., Joshua D. Deschamps, Jeffrey T. Gautschi, Stephanie Whitman, Tyler A. Johnson, Nadine C. Gassner, Phillip Crews, Theodore R. Holman

Natural Sciences and Mathematics | Faculty Scholarship

Human lipoxygenases (hLO) have been implicated in a variety of diseases and cancers and each hLO isozyme appears to have distinct roles in cellular biology. This fact emphasizes the need for discovering selective hLO inhibitors for both understanding the role of specific lipoxygenases in the cell and developing pharmaceutical therapeutics. To this end, we have modified a known lipoxygenase assay for high-throughput (HTP) screening of both the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the UC Santa Cruz marine extract library (UCSC-MEL) in search of platelet-type 12-hLO (12-hLO) selective inhibitors. The HTP screen led to the characterization of five novel 12-hLO inhibitors …

Codon Usage In Twelve Species Of Drosophila, Saverio Vicario, Etsuko N. Moriyama, Jeffrey R. Powell

Papers in Genetics

Background: Codon usage bias (CUB), the uneven use of synonymous codons, is a ubiquitous observation in virtually all organisms examined. The pattern of codon usage is generally similar among closely related species, but differs significantly among distantly related organisms, e.g., bacteria, yeast, and Drosophila. Several explanations for CUB have been offered and some have been supported by observations and experiments, although a thorough understanding of the evolutionary forces (random drift, mutation bias, and selection) and their relative importance remains to be determined. The recently available complete genome DNA sequences of twelve phylogenetically defined species of Drosophila offer a hitherto …

Regeneration Of Retinotectal Projections After Optic Tectum Removal In Adult Newts, Mitsumasa Okamoto, Hatsuki Ohsawa, Toshinori Hayashi, Katsushi Owaribe, Panagiotis A. Tsonis

Biology Faculty Publications

Purpose: When injured, the adult newt possesses the remarkable capability to regenerate tissues and organs with return of function and physiology. One example is the newt eye, in which regeneration can restore normal vision if the retina or lens has been removed. We wanted to examine how the retinotectal projections regenerate after removal of the brain’s optic tectum and establish this animal as a model for retinal projection as well as a central nervous system regeneration model.

Counter-Flow Ion Mobility Analysis: Design, Instrumentation, And Characterization, Nosa Agbonkonkon

Theses and Dissertations

The quest to achieve high resolution in ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has continued to challenge scientist and engineers in the field of separation science. The low resolution presently attainable in IMS has continued to negatively impact its utility and acceptance. Until now, efforts to improve the resolution have mainly focused on better instrumentation and detection methods. However, since the resolution of IMS is diffusion limited, it makes sense to address this limitation in order to attain high resolution. This dissertation presents a new IMS technique, which utilizes a high electric field and opposing high gas flow velocity with the aim …

Leptospira Interrogans Endostatin-Like Outer Membrane Proteins Bind Host Fibronectin, Laminin And Regulators Of Complement, Brian Stevenson, Henry A. Choy, Marija Pinne, Matthew L. Rotondi, M. Clarke Miller, Edward Demoll, Peter Kraiczy, Anne E. Cooley, Trevor P. Creamer, Marc A. Suchard, Catherine A. Brissette, Ashutosh Verma, David A. Haake

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

The pathogenic spirochete Leptospira interrogans disseminates throughout its hosts via the bloodstream, then invades and colonizes a variety of host tissues. Infectious leptospires are resistant to killing by their hosts' alternative pathway of complement-mediated killing, and interact with various host extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The LenA outer surface protein (formerly called LfhA and Lsa24) was previously shown to bind the host ECM component laminin and the complement regulators factor H and factor H-related protein-1. We now demonstrate that infectious L. interrogans contain five additional paralogs of lenA, which we designated lenB, lenC, lenD, lenE and lenF …

Leveraging Semantic Web Techniques To Gain Situational Awareness, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.

Reproductive Function For A C-Terminus Extended, Male-Transmitted Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit Ii Protein Expressed In Both Spermatozoa And Eggs, Rumela Chakrabarti, Jennifer M. Walker, E.G. Chapman, S.P. Shepardson, R.J. Trdan, J.P. Curole, G.T. Watters, D.T. Stewart, S. Vijayaraghavan, W.R. Hoeh

Faculty Publications

Our previous study documented expression of a male-transmitted cytochrome c oxidase subunit II protein (MCOX2), with a C-terminus extension (MCOX2e), in unionoidean bivalve testes and sperm mitochondria. Here, we present evidence demonstrating that MCOX2 is seasonally expressed in testis, with a peak shortly before fertilization that is independent of sperm density. MCOX2 is localized to the inner and outer sperm mitochondrial membranes and the MCOX2 antibody’s epitope is conserved across >65 million years of evolution. We also demonstrate the presence of male-transmitted mtDNA and season-specific MCOX2 spatial variation in ovaries. We hypothesize …

Comment On “A G Protein–Coupled Receptor Is A Plasma Membrane Receptor For The Plant Hormone Abscisic Acid”, Christopher Johnston, Brenda Temple, Jin-Gui Chen, Yajun Gao, Etsuko N. Moriyama, Alan M. Jones, David Siderovski, Francis Willard

Center for Plant Science Innovation: Faculty Publications

Liu et al. (Reports, March 23, 2007, p. 1712) reported that the Arabidopsis thaliana gene GCR2 encodes a seven-transmembrane, G protein–coupled receptor for abscisic acid. We argue that GCR2 is not likely to be a transmembrane protein nor a G protein–coupled receptor. Instead, GCR2 is most likely a plant homolog of bacterial lanthionine synthetases.

Ora Mae Reeves, Ora Mae Reeves, Institute Of Child Nutrition. Child Nutrition Archives.

Oral History Project (all interviews)

Ora Mae Reeves did school lunch before there was school lunch. In the depths of the Great Depression, with four children in public school, Mrs. Reeves walked two miles in rural Vernon, AL, to volunteer to cook hot meals for the students, who brought a canned good from home as payment for their lunch. Update: Ora Mae Reeves, age 101, of Vernon, Alabama, died Jan. 31, 2012, at Aurora Australis Lodge in Columbus, Miss.

Exercise Induced Hypervolemia: Role Of Exercise Mode, William Bradley Nelson

Theses and Dissertations

The supine posture has been shown to limit exercise-induced plasma volume expansion. Differences in hydrostatic pressure gradients between the standing and seated position indicate that treadmill exercise might promote a greater plasma volume expansion than cycle ergometer exercise. To test this hypothesis ten subjects performed intermittent high intensity exercise (4 min at 85% VO2max, 5 min at 40% VO2max repeated 8 times) on separate days on the treadmill and cycle ergometer. Changes in plasma volume expansion were calculated from changes in hematocrit and hemoglobin. Stroke volume (SV), trans-thoracic impedance (Z0), HR, and arterial blood pressure (non-invasive arm cuff, SBP & …

Nodal Signaling Is Required For Closure Of The Anterior Neural Tube In Zebrafish, Allisan Aquilina-Beck, Kristine Ilagan, Qin Liu, Jennifer O. Liang

Biology Faculty Research

Background: Nodals are secreted signaling proteins with many roles in vertebrate development. Here, we identify a new role for Nodal signaling in regulating closure of the rostral neural tube of zebrafish.

The Mycotoxin Threat To Food Safety, Ervin Balazs, James S. Schepers

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This workshop entitled “Mycotoxins from the Field to the Table” held in Omaha, Nebraska, USA from 29 November to 1 December, 2006 evolved from the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) Co-operative Research Program on “Biological Resource Management” that was initiated in 1979. It currently focuses on three specific areas, namely the natural resources challenge, sustainability in practice, and the food chain. This workshop was organized under the sustainability and food chain themes.

The Cooperative Research Program's two major activities are promotion of expert exchanges by supporting postdoctoral fellowship awards up to 26 weeks in an OECD host laboratory …