Life Sciences Commons^™

Quorum Sensing In Candida Albicans: Probing Farnesol’S Mode Of Action With 40 Natural And Synthetic Farnesol Analogs, Roman Shchepin, Jacob M. Hornby, Erin Burger, Timothy Niessen, Patrick H. Dussault, Kenneth Nickerson

Kenneth Nickerson Papers

The dimorphic fungus Candida albicans produces extracellular farnesol (3,7, 11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatriene- 1-ol) which acts as a quorum-sensing molecule (QSM) to suppress filamentation. Of four possible geometric isomers of farnesol, only the E,E isomer possesses QSM activity. We tested 40 natural and synthetic analogs of farnesol for their activity in an N-acetylglucosamine-induced differentiation assay for germ tube formation (GTF). Modified structural features include the head group, chain length, presence or absence of the three double bonds, substitution of a backbone carbon by S, O, N, and Se heteroatoms, presence or absence of a 3-methyl branch, and the bulkiness of the hydrophobic …

Bakkeius Moragai N. Gen. Et N. Sp. And Pojmanskia Riosae N. Gen. Et N. Sp. (Trematoda: Digenea: Brachylaimoidea) In Birds From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, David Zamparo, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

We describe two new species of leucochloridiid-like brachylaimoid digeneans parasitizing a variety of birds in the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, each of which we assign to a new genus. According to Pojmanska's (Pojmanska, T. 2002a. Superfamily Brachylaimoidea Joyeux & Foley, 1930. In Keys to the Trematoda, D. I. Gibson, A. Jones, and R. A. Bray [eds.]. CAB International and The Natural History Museum, London, U.K., p. 31-36.) key for the Brachylaimoidea, we are unable to place either species in any family. One species most closely resembles members of Leucochloridium by having well-developed suckers, lacking an esophagus, and …

Borates As Infrared Drying Agents And Bulking Agents In Paper Coatings, Balarama K. Morla

Masters Theses

In the paper industry, the drying process is the second most energy consuming process after the pulping process; it accounts for around 35% of the total energy consumption. If energy consumption in the drying process can be reduced, the cost of paper production would be decreased considerably. The more recent and wide acceptance of the use of infrared energy for the drying of coated grades has led to many developments and improvements in materials and controls, making IR a practical and safe method for the paper industry. This process is mainly based on the absorption of infrared radiation by paper …

Molecular Pharmacology Of Somatostatin Receptors, Fredric C. Mazza

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Somatostatin (somatotropin release inhibitory factor, SRIF), inhibits animal cell secretion and proliferation. SRIF is transcribed from a single gene as a 1 t 6 amino acid that in precursor is cleaved a cell specific manner into two distinct peptides, SRIF-14 and SRIF-28. Each binds with high affinity to all five known SRIF-receptor subtypes (sst, - ssts) and several of these receptor subtypes are endogenously expressed in the AtT-20 cell, a murine pituitary corticotroph. SRIF receptors belong to the G protein-coupled family of integral membrane receptors. Within the SRIF receptor family, it has been shown that the sst, receptor subtype exists …

The Virulence Activator Apha Links Quorum Sensing To Pathogenesis And Physiology In Vibrio Cholerae By Repressing The Expression Of A Penicillin Amidase Gene On The Small Chromosome, Gabriela Kovacikova, Wei Lin, Karen Skorupski

Dartmouth Scholarship

Activation of the tcpPH promoter on the Vibrio pathogenicity island by AphA and AphB initiates the Vibrio cholerae virulence cascade and is regulated by quorum sensing through the repressive action of HapR on aphA expression. To further understand how the chromosomally encoded AphA protein activates tcpPH expression, site-directed mutagenesis was used to identify the base pairs critical for AphA binding and transcriptional activation. This analysis revealed a region of partial dyad symmetry, TATGCA-N6-TNCNNA, that is important for both of these activities. Searching the V. cholerae genome for this binding site permitted the identification of a second one upstream of a …

Tinamutrema Canoae N. Gen. Et N. Sp. (Trematoda: Digenea: Strigeiformes: Brachylaimidae) In Crypturellus Cinnamomeus (Aves: Passeriformes: Tinamidae) From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, David Zamparo, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

We propose Tinamutrema as a new genus for Brachylaima centrodes (Braun, 1901) Dollfus, 1935 and for T. canoae, as a new species inhabiting tinamus in the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Specimens from Costa Rica resemble B. centrodes in having an elongate body, pretesticular genital pore and terminal genitalia, intercecal uterine loops occupying all available space between the anterior testis and the intestinal bifurcation, an oral sucker width:pharynx width ratio of approximately 1:0.55, an oral sucker:ventral sucker width ratio of approximately 1:1, and vitelline follicles extending into the forebody closer to the pharynx than to the anterior margin …

Neohaematotrephus Arayae N. Sp. (Digenea: Echinostomiformes: Cyclocoelidae) In Jacana Spinosa (Aves: Charadriiformes: Jacanidae) From The Área De Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, David Zamparo, Daniel R. Brooks, Douglas Causey, Beatriz Rodriguez

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Specimens of a species of cyclocoelid digenean inhabiting Jacana spinosa from the Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Costa Rica, most closely resemble ,i>Haematotrephus facioi (Brenes and Arroyo, 1962) Yamaguti, 1971, in the same host from Aranjuez, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica, in having confluent vitelline follicles posteriorly, diagnostic of Neohaematotrophus, and in pharynx length, ovary width, and cirrus sac on the sinistral side. The new species is also highly similar in appearance to H. gendrei Dubois, 1959, also inhabiting a jacanid (from West Africa), which has vitelline follicles confluent posteriorly, and extending anteriorly to the intestinal bifurcation and genital pore …

Aerial Detection Of Waste Disposal Sites Near Donna Reservoir In South Texas., C. F. Webster, James H. Everitt, D. E. Escobar, M. R. Davis

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences (Formerly Dept. of Biology)

Aerial color-infrared (CIR) photography was used to detect and catalog unauthorized solid waste disposal sites around Donna Reservoir in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of southern Texas. Qualitative visual evaluation of the positive transparencies showed 25 possible disposal sites randomly scattered throughout the study area, located in sites ranging from bare soil to grass and mixed brush/woods. These sites were transposed onto a computer-generated area map for ground survey confirmation and use by organizations planning to clean-up the sites. Ground-truthing was used to identify waste contents at each site and to estimate waste volumes and areas covered. Unauthorized solid …

Genetic Polymorphisms Of The Interleukin-1 Gene And Early Marginal Bone Loss Around Endosseous Dental Implants, Hitomi Shimpuku, Yasuhiro Nosaka, Tatsuya Kawamura, Yoichi Tachi, Mitsuko Shinohara, Kiyoshi Ohura

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Dental implant surgery commonly proceeds in two stages. It is generally accepted that bone loss around implants does not occur at stage-II surgery because implants do not receive mechanical loading. However, early marginal bone loss around implants occasionally does occur during the healing period. Genetic polymorphisms in the interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene have been reported to be important for bone homeostasis and susceptibility to bone disease. We therefore investigated whether the idiopathic early marginal bone loss around implants is related to polymorphisms in the IL-1 gene. We performed a case-control study. Patients demonstrating marginal bone loss around implants at stage-II surgery …

Cloning And Sequencing Of Glucosyltransferase (Gt) Genes From Grapefruit (Citrus Paradisi) Seedlings, Searching For 7-O-Gt., Mebrahtu Berhane Sibhatu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Flavonoids play crucial roles in plant life cycles and in human welfare. Grapefruit plants produce several glycosylated flavonoids and the glycosylation reactions are catalyzed by UDP-glucose: glucosyltransferases (GTs). Our objective was to use the SMART RACE RT-PCR strategy to obtain cDNA sequences of putative grapefruit flavonoid GTs. Gene specific primers were designed from the plant secondary product glucosyltransferase (PSPG) box and used to amplify 5’GT clones. Clone-specific primers were designed from 5’clones to amplify 3’ GT clones. We obtained 5 5’ clones and 1 3’ clone as candidate GTs. We used 3 of these clones to predict 2 compiled GT …

Fall Calving In The Intermountain West, Dale R. Zobell, Craig Burrell, Darrell Rothlisberger, Eleanor Jenson

All Current Publications

Fall calving has been practiced by beef producers for many years, although in small numbers relative to spring calving. The spring calf crop has been a traditional event for most beef producers and probably will continue to be. There are distinct advantages, however, to fall calving which producers could take advantage of. The potential for higher conception and weaning rates, price premiums and the elimination of calf scours are among the reasons some beef producers have switched from spring calving their herd to fall calving.

Forage Kochia For Fall/Winter Grazing, D. R. Zobell, B. L. Waldron, K. C. Olson, R. D. Harrison, H. Jensen

All Current Publications

Winter feeding costs have often been cited as one of the most expensive aspects of beef cattle production in the Intermountain West. Research and rancher experience suggests that using forage kochia for fall/winter grazing may help reduce these costs.

College Of Agricultural Sciences And Natural Resources: 10th Annual Report August 1, 2002-July 31, 2003

College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (CASNR): Annual Reports

It is our pleasure to provide the Tenth Annual Report for the College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (CASNR). We believe in the importance of reflecting on the accomplishments of our faculty, staff and students. The annual report offers the opportunity to review the year, and serves as an archive of accomplishments for our College. This report covers the period August 1, 2002 to July 31, 2003.

This was a year of significant challenge and change for the State, the University, the Institute and the College. The State suffered through a significant budget shortfall and through four rounds of …

An Education And Monitoring Program For An Ongoing Estuarine Habitat Restoration Project, Teri W. Grizzle

PREP Reports & Publications

No abstract provided.

Heritability Of Cooking Time And Water Absorption Traits In Dry Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Using A North Carolina Design Ii Mating Scheme, Fm Elia

Tanzania Journal of Science

Estimation of genetic variances, heritabilities and estimations of response to selection of the cooking time and water absorption traits of Andean gene pool of dry bean seed Phaseolus vulgaris L. were done. General combining ability (GCA) i.e. GCA males and GCA females, and Specific combining ability (SCA) were estimated. The parents were crossed in a North Carolina mating design II and genetic analysis was made on the F3 and F4. Both male and female effectations within sets for the cooking trait in F3 and F4 were highly significant for the traits studied. Variances due to General combining ability (GCA) and …

Heavy Metal Contamination Of Mangrove Sediments And The Associated Biota In Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, Sd Mremi, Jf Machiwa

Tanzania Journal of Science

Mangrove wetlands are efficient in trapping pollutants that may have detrimental effects on mangrove dependent food chains. Mangrove ecosystems that are within urban areas are likely to suffer more from chemical pollution than those in rural areas. Heavy metals in mangrove plant parts, sediments and crabs from mbweni, msimbazi and mtoni mangrove ecosystems in Dar es salaam were analysed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, in order to assess the impact of heavy metal pollution on mangrove biota. Sediment samples from msimbazi and mtoni mangrove areas which are located within the city, had higher levels of pb, zn and cu than …

Effects Of Chromium Uptake On The Growth Characteristics Of Eichhornia Crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Zk Rulangaranga, Al Mugasha

Tanzania Journal of Science

The uptake of chromium from fresh water by Eichhornia crassipes was studied under greenhouse conditions where the species was raised in culture solutions containing varying concentrations of chromium (VI) ions. There were positive correlations between the concentration of chromium in the culture media and the amounts of the metal accumulated in the tissues of E. crassipes at any given time. Furthermore, the total accumulated chromium in the tissues of E crassipes increased with increase in the duration for which the plant was exposed to the nutrient solutions containing chromium ions. Most of the absorbed chromium was accumulated in the roots …

Isolation And Characterization Of Thermophilic, Calcium-Precipitating Bacteria Form Calcite Deposits At Yucca Mountain, Terry Ann Else, Curtis R. Pantle, Penny S. Amy, Mark P. Buttner, Amy J. Smiecinski

Publications (YM)

Calcite deposits, composed of a mixture of calcium carbonate and silicon dioxide, were found in fractures and small cavities within the welded tuff of Yucca Mountain. This research investigation involves determining the presence of thermophilic, calciumprecipitating bacteria within these deposits. The possible existence of thermophilic bacteria may help to resolve the issue of whether these calcite deposits formed from precipitation of dissolved calcium carbonate in rain water transported from the overlying soil environment or as a result of upwelling of geothermally-heated waters transported from below the mountain. Evidence for microbially-influenced calcite precipitation in these deposits is indicated by the presence …

Acer Negundo L., Kerry Barringer

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

Tidal Corrections For Topex Altimetry In The Coral Sea And Great Barrier Reef Lagoon: Comparisons With Long-Term Tide Gauge Records, D.M. Burrage, C.R. Steinberg, L.B. Mason, L. Bode

Faculty Publications

[ 1] The well-known capability of TOPEX/Poseidon altimetry to map sea levels precisely in the deep oceans motivates its application to the topographically complex Coral Sea and NE Australian continental margin. We assess several global tidal models for correcting TOPEX altimetry in the Coral Sea and find CSR3.0 offers good overall performance, based on comparisons of model-predicted and tide gauge harmonic constituents. Using CSR3.0 tidal corrections, we evaluate residual Sea Surface Height (SSH) Root Mean Square (RMS) variability and residual M2 tidal alias errors. Away from large reefs and islands, CSR3.0 amplitude and phase errors for M2 are typically less …

Cropwatch No. 2003-19, July 25, 2003, Lisa Jasa

Crop Watch (1994–2005)

Inside

Field/crop updates……………176

Alfalfa struggles……………176

Chinch bugs in sorghum……………177

Blister beetles in alfalfa……………177

Spider mites in corn……………178

Scouting corn rootworms……………180

Planting turnip forages……………181

Protecting pollinators……………181

Manure field days, kit……………182

Carbon storage field day……………183

Buying quality wheat seed……………184

The Galapagos Giant Tortoise (Geochelone Elephantopus) And The Spread Of Invasive Plants, Anne D. Schultz

Biology ETDs

Island ecosystems are commonly thought to be more vulnerable to the effects of invasive species than mainland systems. In recent decades, the number of exotic plants known to be present in the Galapagos archipelago has increased exponentially. Several of these plants are aggressive invaders that pose a threat to the biodiversity of the islands. Two of these plant species, Passiflora edulis Sims and Psidium guajava L. were introduced to Santa Cruz Island during the 20th century. Both pose a threat to the floristic diversity of the National Park land on Santa Cruz Island.

This paper explores the role played by …

Synopsis Of The New World Genera Of Anomalini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae) And Description Of A New Genus From Costa Rica And Nicaragua, Mary Liz Jameson, Aura Paucar-Cabrera, Angel Solis

University of Nebraska State Museum: Entomology Papers

We describe a new genus of anomaline scarab, Anomalorhina (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anomalini) from Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Anomala turrialbana Ohaus is transferred into this genus, and a new species, Anomalorhina osaensis, is described. Anomalorhina is characterized by the clypeal apex that is abruptly reflexed, the base of the frons that has prominent tubercles in males, the pronotum with a depressed fovea in males, and the pronotum with the apical bead posteriorly produced and V-shaped at the middle in females. We summarize the biological importance of the 16 genera of New World anomaline scarabs, including comments on agricultural pests, …

Functional And Comparative Genomic Analyses Of An Operon Involved In Fructooligosaccharide Utilization By Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Rodolphe Barrangou, Eric Altermann, Robert Hutkins, Raul J. Cano, Todd Klaenhammer

Biological Sciences

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a probiotic organism that displays the ability to use prebiotic compounds such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS), which stimulate the growth of beneficial commensals in the gastrointestinal tract. However, little is known about the mechanisms and genes involved in FOS utilization by Lactobacillus species. Analysis of the L. acidophilus NCFM genome revealed an msm locus composed of a transcriptional regulator of the LacI family, a four-component ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport system, a fructosidase, and a sucrose phosphorylase. Transcriptional analysis of this operon demonstrated that gene expression was induced by sucrose and FOS but not by glucose or fructose, …

Functional And Comparative Genomic Analyses Of An Operon Involved In Fructooligosaccharide Utilization By Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Rodolphe Barrangou, Eric Altermann, Robert W. Hutkins, Raul Cano, Todd Klaenhammer

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Lactobacillus acidophilus is a probiotic organism that displays the ability to use prebiotic compounds such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS), which stimulate the growth of beneficial commensals in the gastrointestinal tract. However, little is known about the mechanisms and genes involved in FOS utilization by Lactobacillus species. Analysis of the L. acidophilus NCFM genome revealed an msm locus composed of a transcriptional regulator of the LacI family, a four-component ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport system, a fructosidase, and a sucrose phosphorylase. Transcriptional analysis of this operon demonstrated that gene expression was induced by sucrose and FOS but not by glucose or fructose, suggesting …

Verbena Stricta Vent., John E. Ebinger

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

Parthenocissus Quinquefolia (L.) Planch., John E. Ebinger

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

Acer Saccharinum L., John E. Ebinger

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

Maclura Pomifera (Raf.) Schneid., John E. Ebinger

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.

Acer Saccharinum L., John E. Ebinger

Specimens by Name

No abstract provided.