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Articles 1261 - 1290 of 1739
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
A Morphological Investigation Of Colchicum L. (Liliaceae) Species In The Mediterranean Region In Turkey, Olcay Di̇nç Düşen, Hüseyi̇n Sümbül
A Morphological Investigation Of Colchicum L. (Liliaceae) Species In The Mediterranean Region In Turkey, Olcay Di̇nç Düşen, Hüseyi̇n Sümbül
Turkish Journal of Botany
The morphological features of Colchicum L. species were studied based on samples collected from the Mediterranean region in Turkey between 2000 and 2004. Typifications, synonym lists, descriptions, ecology, and phytogeography are provided for all Colchicum species and relationships to similar species are discussed. New features were determined that were not previously given in descriptions of Colchicum species in the Flora of Turkey, and useful identification keys (for both flowering material and leafing-fruiting material) were prepared for all Colchicum species in the Mediterranean region of Turkey.
Forest Vegetation Of Karagöl-Sahara National Park Artvin-Turkey, Özgür Emi̇nağaoğlu, Rahi̇m Anşi̇n, Hamdi̇ Güray Kutbay
Forest Vegetation Of Karagöl-Sahara National Park Artvin-Turkey, Özgür Emi̇nağaoğlu, Rahi̇m Anşi̇n, Hamdi̇ Güray Kutbay
Turkish Journal of Botany
This investigation was carried out between 1997 and 2002 in order to research the forest vegetation of Karagöl-Sahara National Park (Artvin). This vegetation was studied according to the traditional Braun-Blanquet approach. A total of 114 quadrats were examined. In the area under review, forest vegetation is represented by Querco petraea-Piceetum orientalis ass. nov., Fraxinetosum angustifoliae subass. nov., Crataegetosum microphyllae subass. nov., Junipero oxycedri-Pinetum sylvestris ass. nov., Fago orientalis-Abietum nordmannianae ass. nov., Pino sylvestris-Piceetum orientalis ass. nov., Abieti nordmannianae-Piceetum orientalis ass. nov., Abieti nordmannianae-Pinetum sylvestris ass. nov., and Junipero communi-Pinetum sylvestris ass. nov. Seven associations and 2 subassociations are new syntaxa …
Floral Biology, Breeding System, And Pollination Ecology Of Cucurbita Moschata (Duch. Ex Lam) Duch. Ex Poir. Varieties (Cucurbitaceae) From Parts Of The Niger Delta, Nigeria, Ikechukwu Ozoemenam Agbagwa, Benjamin Chinyem Ndukwu, Stephen I. Mensah
Floral Biology, Breeding System, And Pollination Ecology Of Cucurbita Moschata (Duch. Ex Lam) Duch. Ex Poir. Varieties (Cucurbitaceae) From Parts Of The Niger Delta, Nigeria, Ikechukwu Ozoemenam Agbagwa, Benjamin Chinyem Ndukwu, Stephen I. Mensah
Turkish Journal of Botany
Flowering, breeding mechanisms, and pollination biology of Cucurbita moschata (Duch. ex Lam) Duch. ex Poir. varieties were studied. C. moschata carries male and female flowers on the same plant and is pollinated by thrips and bees with nectar and pollen as major rewards for the pollinators. Both flowers begin opening between 0330 and 0400 hours. The male flower opens for about 8 to 9 h and the female opens for 6 h 30 min to 7 h. There is, however, a period of overlap in the flower anthesis of both sexes, which coincides with the peak of pollen viability and …
The Original Material Of Two Turkish Species Of Erica (Ericaceae) Described And Named By Richard Anthony Salisbury (1761-1829), E. Charles Nelson
The Original Material Of Two Turkish Species Of Erica (Ericaceae) Described And Named By Richard Anthony Salisbury (1761-1829), E. Charles Nelson
Turkish Journal of Botany
The holotype of Erica spiculifolia Salisb., annotated by Salisbury, has been traced in The Natural History Museum, London. No holotype of E. manipuliflora Salisb. has been located, and so a neotype, one of John Sibthorp's specimens, has been designated in The Natural History Museum, London.
Three New Records For Myxomycetes Of Turkey, Dursun Yağiz, Ahmet Afyon
Three New Records For Myxomycetes Of Turkey, Dursun Yağiz, Ahmet Afyon
Turkish Journal of Botany
This study was conducted to identify the biodiversity of Myxomycetes growing in Derebucak (Konya) and Akseki (Antalya) districts. The specimens have been collected periodically during field trips in 2002 and 2004. While 2 samples were treated with the moist chamber cultures method in the laboratory, 1 taxon was determined naturally. The samples grown were observed using stereo and light microscopes. The 3 new records for the Myxomycetes in Turkey are as follows: Cribraria languescens Rex, Arcyodes incarnata (Alb. & Schwein.) O.F.Cook., and Macbrideola macrospora (Nann.-Bremek.) Ing.
A New Alien Species For The Flora Of Turkey: Bidens Frondosa L. (Asteraceae), Kami̇l Coşkunçelebi̇, Sali̇h Terzi̇oğlu, Vladimir Vladimirov
A New Alien Species For The Flora Of Turkey: Bidens Frondosa L. (Asteraceae), Kami̇l Coşkunçelebi̇, Sali̇h Terzi̇oğlu, Vladimir Vladimirov
Turkish Journal of Botany
The North American species Bidens frondosa L. (Asteraceae) has been recorded as a new alien species for the flora of Turkey. The description of the species together with its drawing and distribution map is provided here.
The Flora Of Akçadağ (Van-Turkey), Osman Karabacak, Lütfi̇ Behçet
The Flora Of Akçadağ (Van-Turkey), Osman Karabacak, Lütfi̇ Behçet
Turkish Journal of Botany
This paper describes a floristic study of Akçadağ. The research was carried out between 2000 and 2002. During the study period, 2650 vascular plant specimens were collected. After the identification of the specimens, the flora was determined to include 891 taxa (at specific and intraspecific ranks) belonging to 738 species, 328 genera, and 70 families. The distribution of Campanula radula Fisch. in Turkey is recorded for the first time. Thirty-five taxa were defined as new records for the B9 square. The endemism rate of the area is 7.5% based on 67 taxa. The largest families are Asteraceae (142 taxa), Brassicaceae …
Nasturtiopsis Integrifolia (Boulos) Abdel Khalik & Bakker (Brassicaceae), A New Combination, And Cruciata Articulata (L.) Ehrend. (Rubiaceae), A New Record For The Flora Of Egypt, Kadry N. Abdel-Khalik, F. T. Bakker
Nasturtiopsis Integrifolia (Boulos) Abdel Khalik & Bakker (Brassicaceae), A New Combination, And Cruciata Articulata (L.) Ehrend. (Rubiaceae), A New Record For The Flora Of Egypt, Kadry N. Abdel-Khalik, F. T. Bakker
Turkish Journal of Botany
In Brassicaceae a new combination is made: Nasturtiopsis integrifolia (Boulos) Abdel Khalik & Bakker, and in Rubiaceae Cruciata articulata (L.) Ehrend. is a new record for the flora of Egypt. Descriptions, photographs, useful differential morphological characters, and a distribution map are given. Problems of nomenclature and synonymy are discussed.
Solanum Elaeagnifolium Cav. In Turkey, Ahmet İlçi̇m, Lütfi̇ Behçet
Solanum Elaeagnifolium Cav. In Turkey, Ahmet İlçi̇m, Lütfi̇ Behçet
Turkish Journal of Botany
Solanum elaeagnifolium, a native of South America, previously recorded from the island of Lesvos, is here recorded from Turkey, Kahramanmaraş-Türkoğlu C6.
Evaluation Of Karyotype Status Of Musa L. Somaclonal Variants (Musaceae: Zingiberales), Gordian C. Obute, Philip C. Aziagba
Evaluation Of Karyotype Status Of Musa L. Somaclonal Variants (Musaceae: Zingiberales), Gordian C. Obute, Philip C. Aziagba
Turkish Journal of Botany
Tissue culture regenerated materials of Musa L. spp. (banana and plantain) along with their somaclonal variants were assessed for karyotype abnormalities to be used as indicators for rapid cytological marking. The results show that although slight variations were noted in karyomorphometric characters, like chromosome number, arm length, total chromosome length, and total chromosome volume, these were not significant (P £ 0.05). Therefore, chromosomal abnormalities may not be accurate markers for somaclonal variation in these species. The need to not overemphasise chromosomal instability resulting from culture techniques was highlighted. Other possible causes of somaclonal variations were proposed to explain this phenomenon …
Nitrogen Mineralisation In The Soils Of Alpine Mat Communities: An Incubation Experiment Under Laboratory Conditions, Gürcan Güleryüz, Serap Kirmizi, Hülya Arslan
Nitrogen Mineralisation In The Soils Of Alpine Mat Communities: An Incubation Experiment Under Laboratory Conditions, Gürcan Güleryüz, Serap Kirmizi, Hülya Arslan
Turkish Journal of Botany
Plantago holosteum Scop. and P. atrata Hoppe plant communities contribute to the vegetation mosaic in the humid places on different substrata in the sub-alpine and alpine belts of Uludağ Mountain, Bursa, Turkey. Nitrogen mineralisation in the soils of these 2 mat communities was investigated under controlled conditions (60% WHC, 20 °C). Different N mineralisation rates in the soils of the communities were found. This difference was clearer in the upper layer (0-5 cm) of soil, in which the organic matter accumulation was high. We found that nitrification occurred in the soils of both communities, but it was dominant in the …
A New Genus (Leptaleum Dc.) Record For Turkey, Murat Ünal, Fevzi̇ Özgökçe
A New Genus (Leptaleum Dc.) Record For Turkey, Murat Ünal, Fevzi̇ Özgökçe
Turkish Journal of Botany
The monotypic Leptaleum DC. (Cruciferae/Brassicaceae) is recorded for the first time from Turkey. The diagnostic characters of Leptaleum filifolium (Willd.) DC. are given and its ecology and conservation status are discussed.
The Family Boletaceae S.L. (Excluding Boletus) In The Republic Of Macedonia, Mitko Karadelev, Katerina Rusevska, Sofche Spasikova
The Family Boletaceae S.L. (Excluding Boletus) In The Republic Of Macedonia, Mitko Karadelev, Katerina Rusevska, Sofche Spasikova
Turkish Journal of Botany
This is the first paper on systematic research into Boletaceae s.l. (excluding Boletus L.) in the Republic of Macedonia. A total of 31 species belonging to 8 genera are registered in the Republic of Macedonia. Two genera (Gyrodon Opat. and Phylloporus Quél.) and 8 species (Chalciporus amarellus (Quél.) Bataille, Gyrodon lividus (Bull.: Fr.) Opat., Leccinum variicolor Watling, Leccinum vulpinum Watling, Phylloporus pelletieri (Lév.) Quél., Suillus mediterraneensis (Jacquet. & J.Blum) Redeuilh, Xerocomus ferrugineus (Schaeff.) Bon, and Xerocomus rubellus (Krombh.) Quél.) are reported as new for Macedonia.
Macrofungi Of Çameli District (Denizli-Turkey), Azi̇z Türkoğlu, Abdurrahman Kanlik, Kudret Gezer
Macrofungi Of Çameli District (Denizli-Turkey), Azi̇z Türkoğlu, Abdurrahman Kanlik, Kudret Gezer
Turkish Journal of Botany
In this taxonomic study, macrofungi of Çameli (Denizli) were collected during the period 2000-2002. As a result of field and laboratory studies we report 80 taxa belonging to 27 families of Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes.
The Taxonomy And Variation Of Leaf Anatomical Characters In The Genus Aegilops L. (Poaceae) In Iran, Navaz Kharazian
The Taxonomy And Variation Of Leaf Anatomical Characters In The Genus Aegilops L. (Poaceae) In Iran, Navaz Kharazian
Turkish Journal of Botany
This study concerns the evaluation of leaf anatomical characters (7 qualitative and 12 quantitative characters) among 26 accessions of the Aegilops L. species. The results of this study showed that the anatomical characters have high variation in the width of stomata, the number of long cells in the adaxial epidermis, the number of short cells in the abaxial epidermis, the number of stomata in the abaxial epidermis, the occurrence of prickles in the adaxial epidermis, and the width of phloem cells. The variations in anatomical characters were related to the cold and warm areas of Iran and commonly occurred among …
Lichens From The Maslak Campus Of İstanbul Technical University, Gülşah Çobanoğlu
Lichens From The Maslak Campus Of İstanbul Technical University, Gülşah Çobanoğlu
Turkish Journal of Botany
The lichen diversity of the Maslak Campus of İstanbul Technical University is presented in this study. In total, 23 lichen species belonging to 14 genera were recorded. Strangospora pinicola (A.Massal.) Körb. is a new record for the Turkish lichen flora and 5 species are new records for İstanbul province.
A New Record From Lebanon: Panderia Pilosa Fisch. & C.A.Mey. (Chenopodiaceae), Ricardus M. Haber, Myrna T. Semaan
A New Record From Lebanon: Panderia Pilosa Fisch. & C.A.Mey. (Chenopodiaceae), Ricardus M. Haber, Myrna T. Semaan
Turkish Journal of Botany
Panderia pilosa Fisch. & C.A.Mey. (Chenopodiaceae) was never previously reported for the flora of Lebanon, although it occurs in all neighbouring countries. Specimens collected from Mount Mnaitra in the Mount Lebanon range confirm its presence.
Pollen Morphology Of The Turkish Romulea Maratti (Iridaceae), Serap Işik, Emel Oybak Dönmez
Pollen Morphology Of The Turkish Romulea Maratti (Iridaceae), Serap Işik, Emel Oybak Dönmez
Turkish Journal of Botany
Pollen morphology of the Turkish Romulea Maratti taxa (Iridaceae) was examined using light and scanning electron microscopy. The taxa are similar in some aspects, such as pollen size and spinulate-microperforate exine sculpturing. Most taxa are monosulcate; however, in 2 taxa, R. bulbocodium (L.) Seb. & Mauri var. crocea (Boiss & Heldr.) Baker and var. leichtliniana (Heldr. ex Hal.) Bég., growing sporadically in south-western Turkey, the existence of pollen type variability (monosulcate, disulcate, trisulcate, trisynsulcate, tetrasulcate, penta-aperturate (with longer and shorter sulci), and monoporate) from single pollen sacs was recorded for the first time. In addition, aperture morphology was found to …
The Effect Of Air Pollution On Microsporogenesis, Pollen Development And Soluble Pollen Proteins In Spartium Junceum L. (Fabaceae), Farkhondeh Rezanejad
The Effect Of Air Pollution On Microsporogenesis, Pollen Development And Soluble Pollen Proteins In Spartium Junceum L. (Fabaceae), Farkhondeh Rezanejad
Turkish Journal of Botany
Air pollution induces abnormality in anthers, reduction of pollen grains´ umbers and male sterility. Anthers of Spartium junceum L. (Spanish broom) were collected at different stages of development from control (less polluted) and polluted areas (mainly SO_2, NO_2, CO, hydrocarbons (HCs) and airborne particulate material (APM)). Structure and development of anther walls and pollen grains were studied and compared. Groups of the control pollen grains were exposed to the polluted air of Tehran for 10 and 20 days. Under pollution stress some anthers became abnormal and shrunken. The tapetum layer had a precocious growth in the microspore mother cell stage …
A New Record From Lebanon: Scilla Siberica Haw. Subsp. Armena (Grossh.) Mordak (Liliaceae), Ricardus M. Haber, Myrna T. Semaan
A New Record From Lebanon: Scilla Siberica Haw. Subsp. Armena (Grossh.) Mordak (Liliaceae), Ricardus M. Haber, Myrna T. Semaan
Turkish Journal of Botany
Scilla siberica Haw. subsp. armena (Grossh.) Mordak (Liliaceae) has not been previously reported among the flora of Lebanon. In spring 2005 it was collected from the rocky cliffs of a natural rocky bridge in the high mountain zone of the Mount Lebanon Range.
Temporal Changes In Environmental Characteristics And Diversity Of Net Phytoplankton In A Freshwater Lake, C. Chattopadhyay, T. C. Banerjee
Temporal Changes In Environmental Characteristics And Diversity Of Net Phytoplankton In A Freshwater Lake, C. Chattopadhyay, T. C. Banerjee
Turkish Journal of Botany
Temporal changes in the species composition, seasonal abundance, and diversity of net phytoplankton (NPP) were investigated in relation to some environmental characteristics of the water and sediment of Lake Krishnasayer, an ancient man-made shallow freshwater lake, located at Burdwan, India, between January and December 2003. In all, 43 species and 7 genera were identified from the weekly samples taken from a 1 x 1 x 1-m water column at sites I and II. The most abundant taxa were Cyanophyta (34.8%-37.8%) and Bacillariophyta (34.2%-34.3%), whilst Euglenophyta was the least abundant (4%-5.3%). The relationships (r) were significant (P < 0.05) and positive between water temperature and abundance of Euglenophyta, Secchi transparency, and Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta, dissolved oxygen and Chlorophyta, dissolved chloride, and Cyanophyta and Euglenophyta, phosphate-phosphorus and Cyanophyta, and organic carbon and Bacillariophyta. In contrast, the relationships (r) were significant (P < 0.05), but inverse between water temperature and abundance of Bacillariophyta, Secchi transparency and Euglenophyta, dissolved chloride and Bacillariophyta, nitrate-nitrogen and Euglenophyta, and organic carbon and Euglenophyta. Furthermore, regression coefficients (b) indicated a significant (P < 0.05) positive relationship between Secchi transparency and overall NPP abundance, and a significant (P < 0.05) inverse relationship between silica and overall NPP abundance. The diversity indicated high values with peaks in species abundance in March, May, and September at site I, and in May, September, and November at site II. The seasonal abundance and frequency of occurrence for a few dominant species of Cyanophyta (e.g., Anabaena circinalis, Nostoc carneum, Oscillatoria formosa, Rivularia haematitis, and Spirula subsalsa), Chlorophyta (e.g., Spirogyra communis, Ulothrix tenerrima, and Zygnema pectinum), Euglenophyta (e.g., Euglena viridis), and Bacillariophyta (e.g., Cyclotella glomerata, Navicula capitata, Nitzschia acicularis, and Pinnularia major) in the surface water of this lake were 3.3%-5.5%, respectively.
Lichen Records From Sarıçiçek Mountain In Southern Giresun Province, Turkey, Demet Cansaran Duman, Ender Yurdakulol
Lichen Records From Sarıçiçek Mountain In Southern Giresun Province, Turkey, Demet Cansaran Duman, Ender Yurdakulol
Turkish Journal of Botany
Herein, we report 87 lichen species from 11 localities in the Sarıçiçek Mountains, Giresun, Turkey, of which 48 are new records for Giresun Province.
New Records For The Macrofungi Of Turkey, Azi̇z Türkoğlu, Giyasetti̇n Kaşik, Celaleddi̇n Öztürk, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Doğan
New Records For The Macrofungi Of Turkey, Azi̇z Türkoğlu, Giyasetti̇n Kaşik, Celaleddi̇n Öztürk, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Doğan
Turkish Journal of Botany
Several macrofungi specimens were collected during field studies in Kayseri province. After field and laboratory studies, 6 species belonging to 6 families were identified as new records for Turkey. These species are Clitocybe catinus (Fr.) Quél., Conocybe appendiculata J.E.Lange & Kühner, Coprinus macrocephalus (Berk.) Berk., Guepinia helvelloides (DC.) Fr., Psathyrella leucotephra (Berk. & Broome) P.D.Orton, and Russula olivaceoviolascens Gillet.
Germination And Seedling Behaviours Of Seeds Of Peltophorum Pterocarpum D.C.Baker Ex K.Heyne Growing Under Motor Vehicle Emission, Muhammad Shafiq, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal
Germination And Seedling Behaviours Of Seeds Of Peltophorum Pterocarpum D.C.Baker Ex K.Heyne Growing Under Motor Vehicle Emission, Muhammad Shafiq, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal
Turkish Journal of Botany
Motor vehicle emission showed toxic effects on seed germination and seedling growth of Peltophorum pterocarpum D.C.Baker ex K.Heyne. Germination and growth of P. pterocarpum seeds were significantly (P < 0.05) affected in the seeds collected from the polluted areas as compared to the less polluted areas. A higher percentage of decrease in seed germination was found for the seeds collected from the extremely polluted area, followed by very much polluted, polluted, and a little polluted areas as compared to the unpolluted area (control). Seedling and root lengths were also highly decreased for the seeds of the same species collected from the extremely polluted area as compared to the control. A high percentage of seedling dry weight was found for the seeds of the same species collected from the extremely polluted area (62%), followed by very much polluted area (58%), polluted area (38%), and a little polluted area (28%) as compared to the control. According to the tolerance test, seedling growth of P. pterocarpum showed the lowest percentage of tolerance in the samples collected from the extremely polluted area (53%), followed by very much polluted area (71%), polluted area (89%), and a little polluted area (92%) as compared to the campus.
A New Record For Turkey: Lepidium Pinnatifidum Ledeb. (Brassicaceae), Murat Ünal, Fevzi̇ Özgökçe, Lütfi̇ Behçet, Osman Karabacak
A New Record For Turkey: Lepidium Pinnatifidum Ledeb. (Brassicaceae), Murat Ünal, Fevzi̇ Özgökçe, Lütfi̇ Behçet, Osman Karabacak
Turkish Journal of Botany
Lepidium pinnatifidum Ledeb. (Brassicaceae) is recorded for the first time (B9 Muş) for the flora of Turkey. The diagnostic characters of L. pinnatifidum are described and its ecology and conservation are discussed.
Phenological Variations In The Surface Flavonoids Of Artemisia Vulgaris L. And Artemisia Absinthium L., Milena Nikolova, Dragan Velickovic
Phenological Variations In The Surface Flavonoids Of Artemisia Vulgaris L. And Artemisia Absinthium L., Milena Nikolova, Dragan Velickovic
Turkish Journal of Botany
Qualitative and quantitative variations in the surface flavonoids in relation to phenological development of Artemisia vulgaris L. and Artemisia absinthium L. were examined. Plant material was harvested at different phenological stages (vegetative, before budding, floral budding, flowering, and fruiting) of the life cycle of the species. In A. vulgaris and A. absinthium acetone exudates, 6 and 4 flavonoid aglycones were identified, respectively, by TLC analysis. Quercetin 3,7,3'-trimethyl ether is the main flavonoid in the exudates of A. vulgaris while quercetagetin 3,6,7,3',4'-pentamethyl ether is the predominant flavonoid in A. absinthium. Qualitative variations in the flavonoid composition of A. vulgaris were established. …
A New Genus Record For The Freshwater Algal Flora Of Turkey, Fatma Çevi̇k, Brian A. Whitton, Okan Öztürk
A New Genus Record For The Freshwater Algal Flora Of Turkey, Fatma Çevi̇k, Brian A. Whitton, Okan Öztürk
Turkish Journal of Botany
The genus Hydrurus C.Agardh 1824 and a species belonging to this genus, Hydrurus foetidus (Villars) Trevisan 1848, are reported for the first time for Turkish inland waters. The morphological characteristics of this species are described and information about its ecological distribution is given.
Development Of An In Vitro Regeneration System In Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] Using Root Transverse Thin Cell Layers (Ttcls), P. Baskaran, B. Raja Rajeswari, N. Jayabalan
Development Of An In Vitro Regeneration System In Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] Using Root Transverse Thin Cell Layers (Ttcls), P. Baskaran, B. Raja Rajeswari, N. Jayabalan
Turkish Journal of Botany
An efficient and reproducible plant regeneration system was developed from cells or tissues of agronomically important Indian sorghum genotypes including 2 commercial cultivars (NSH27 & K8) of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench. Callus induction and plant regeneration were achieved on transverse thin cell layers (tTCL) of roots from aseptically germinated 7-day-old seedlings. Callus response depended on the genotype, the concentrations and composition of growth substances and number of in vitro regeneration cycles undergone by the donor plant. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.5-18.1 µM 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), 5.4-21.5 µM naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 5.7-22.8 µM indole acetic acid …
Prehistoric And Medieval Plant Remains From Two Sites On The Euphrates, South-Eastern Turkey, Emel Oybak Dönmez
Prehistoric And Medieval Plant Remains From Two Sites On The Euphrates, South-Eastern Turkey, Emel Oybak Dönmez
Turkish Journal of Botany
The results of the archaeobotanical examination of 2 sites, namely Mezraa Höyük and Gre Virike, on the Euphrates in the Karkamış (Carchemish) area, near Birecik (Şanlıurfa) in south-east Turkey are given. The cultural levels that yielded carbonised plant remains date from the Early Bronze Age (3000-2000 BC), Middle Bronze Age (2000-1500 BC) and Medieval period (11^{th} - 13^{th} centuries AD). The plant assortment in the Bronze Age did not differ essentially from that during the Medieval period. The major crop plant of the farmers was Hordeum L. (barley, hulled). Other cereal crops included Triticum dicoccum Schübl. (emmer wheat), T. monococcum …
Contribution To The Lichen Flora Of Gürgen Dağı (Çanakkale), Gülşah Çobanoğlu, Orhan Sevgi̇
Contribution To The Lichen Flora Of Gürgen Dağı (Çanakkale), Gülşah Çobanoğlu, Orhan Sevgi̇
Turkish Journal of Botany
A list of 75 lichen taxa is reported from Gürgendağı Mountain located to the north of Kazdağı (Ida Mountain), in Çanakkale province. Among the identified taxa, 41 taxa are epiphytic, 26 saxicolous and 8 terricolous. All of the taxa are new records for the area. Nineteen taxa are new for the province.