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Wright State University

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Articles 391 - 420 of 1987

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Amelioration Of Cr (Vi) Into Cr (Iii) By Some Heavy Metal Resistant Bacterial Strains Isolated From Naran Valley, Ifrah Fayyaz, Asma Kalsoom, Rida Batool Mar 2022

Amelioration Of Cr (Vi) Into Cr (Iii) By Some Heavy Metal Resistant Bacterial Strains Isolated From Naran Valley, Ifrah Fayyaz, Asma Kalsoom, Rida Batool

Journal of Bioresource Management

Total thirty-two strains were isolated from both water and soil samples collected from Naran Valley which is surrounded by the rugged mountains, located in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Streak plate method was used to screen the bacterial strains for resistance against selected heavy metals like chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn). Resistance against multiple heavy metals was shown by all the strains, but S15 and W15 were significant as they exhibited a maximum resistance to chromium and copper (1200 µg/ml). These strains also presented multiple antibiotic (ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and erythromycin) resistance patterns. …

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Microbiological Contamination Associated With The Proximity Of A Refuse Dumpsite To A River Situated In Okada, Edo State, Nigeria, Ebere J. Okafor-Elenwo, Odaro S. Imade, Osazee E. Izevbuwa Mar 2022

Microbiological Contamination Associated With The Proximity Of A Refuse Dumpsite To A River Situated In Okada, Edo State, Nigeria, Ebere J. Okafor-Elenwo, Odaro S. Imade, Osazee E. Izevbuwa

Journal of Bioresource Management

This study was performed to evaluate the potential contamination of the Okponha river situated near a dumpsite in Okada, Edo State, Nigeria. Water samples were collected and analyzed for bacteriological and parasitological quality using standard procedures. Isolation and enumeration of bacterial colonies were performed by pour plate technique and the isolated bacteria were identified by standard phenotypic tests. Helminths and protozoa were screened by the direct smear technique. The values of HPC (3.79 ± 0.12 log10 CFU/ml) and TCC (2.20 ± 0.14 log10 CFU/ml) obtained from the river water samples exceeded WHO and NAFDAC recommended limits (≤ 2 …

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Checklist Of Zooplankton Of The Halda River, Chattogram, Bangladesh, Md. Safiqul Islam, M.A. Azadi, Munira Nasiruddin, Md. Tajul Islam Mar 2022

Checklist Of Zooplankton Of The Halda River, Chattogram, Bangladesh, Md. Safiqul Islam, M.A. Azadi, Munira Nasiruddin, Md. Tajul Islam

Journal of Bioresource Management

The River Halda is one of the important natural breeding grounds of Indian major carp (Labeo rohita, Labeo calbasu, Gibelion catla, Cirrhinus mrigala) in Bangladesh for its unique physicochemical and biological properties of water. The productivity of the Halda ecosystem mainly depends on the plankton diversity. Zooplankton directly affects the productivity of the Halda River ecosystem. Research work was conducted for the two years extending from January 2017 to December 2018 to identify the zooplankton community of the Halda River. A total of 71 species of zooplankton under 37 genera belonging to 9 groups were identified. The dominant …

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Current Epidemiological Status And Antibiotic Resistance Profile Of Urinary Tract Infection, Muddasir Khan, Syed Hussain Shah, M. Abdullah, Muhammad Salman, Fawad Hayat, Raheela Sarwar, Neelma Hassan, Sohail Ahmad Jan, M. Saddam, Ziaur Rahman, Imran Qazi Mar 2022

Current Epidemiological Status And Antibiotic Resistance Profile Of Urinary Tract Infection, Muddasir Khan, Syed Hussain Shah, M. Abdullah, Muhammad Salman, Fawad Hayat, Raheela Sarwar, Neelma Hassan, Sohail Ahmad Jan, M. Saddam, Ziaur Rahman, Imran Qazi

Journal of Bioresource Management

With a longitudinal (2020–2021) completion, a set of 300 urine samples of individuals suspected of UTI was characterized based on the biochemical analysis and Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method. Throughout, a total of 167 samples revealed UTI positivity by obtaining bacterial growth. Reporting that E. coli (69.4 %) was the most dominant when compared with Klebsiella (14.3 %), Proteus (5.9 %), S. aureus (4.7 %), P. aeruginosa (3.5 %), and Enterobacter (1.7 %), respectively. Gender-wise discrimination showed that E. coli was highly distributed among female (50.2 %) patients. A prominent percentage of E. coli (41.9 %) was found in the …

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Application Of Vibration Technique For The Control Of Physical Properties Of Yam (Dioscorea Spp.) Sprouts During Storage In Funaab, Nigeria Environment, Kifilideen Lekan Osanyinpeju, Adewole A. Aderinlewo, Olawale U. Dairo, Olayide R. Adetunji, Emmanuel S.A. Ajisegiri Mar 2022

Application Of Vibration Technique For The Control Of Physical Properties Of Yam (Dioscorea Spp.) Sprouts During Storage In Funaab, Nigeria Environment, Kifilideen Lekan Osanyinpeju, Adewole A. Aderinlewo, Olawale U. Dairo, Olayide R. Adetunji, Emmanuel S.A. Ajisegiri

Journal of Bioresource Management

Early sprouting of yam tuber is a typical problem during storage resulting into weight losses, deterioration, shrinkage and reduction in quality. This research work therefore carried out investigation on the application of vibration technique for the control of physical properties of yam (Dioscorea spp.) sprouts during storage in FUNAAB, Nigeria environment. The physical properties (length, number and weight of sprout, number of leaves and weight of roots) of the yam sprouts were determined for 140 white yam tubers. The yam tubers were divided into 108 experiment and 32 as control. The factors of the experimental design examined were frequency, …

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Environmental And Habitat Preferences Of The Algerian Hedgehog Atelerix Algirus(Lereboullet, 1842) In El Kala National Park (North-East Algeria), Sakraoui Rym, Boukheroufa Mehdi, Dadci Walid, Abdallah Khadidjawissal, Senaoui Charafeddine, Sakraoui Feriel, Benyacoub Slim Mar 2022

Environmental And Habitat Preferences Of The Algerian Hedgehog Atelerix Algirus(Lereboullet, 1842) In El Kala National Park (North-East Algeria), Sakraoui Rym, Boukheroufa Mehdi, Dadci Walid, Abdallah Khadidjawissal, Senaoui Charafeddine, Sakraoui Feriel, Benyacoub Slim

Journal of Bioresource Management

We conducted this study to identify the preferred habitat of Atelerix algirus in the National Park of El Kala (PNEK), through the analysis of the catches rates of the species combined to an ethno zoological survey carried out among the residents. The study was conducted between January 2010 and December 2011, in five localities of the Park, different by their useful areas (forests and agricultural land) and their degree of urbanization: Raml Souk, El Aioun, Berrihane, El Kala and Bougous. We also surveyed 57 residents of Berrihane locality. Our results identified the locality of Berrihane as the preferred area of …

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A Review On Empirical Approach To Therapeutic Recombinant Protein Production Factories: Applications, Pharmacokinetics And Challenges, Zahra Naz, Ambreen Kanwal, Asima Tayyeb Mar 2022

A Review On Empirical Approach To Therapeutic Recombinant Protein Production Factories: Applications, Pharmacokinetics And Challenges, Zahra Naz, Ambreen Kanwal, Asima Tayyeb

Journal of Bioresource Management

Major portion of the proteins in a cell refers to their critical roles in metabolism of the living body. Proteins dysfunction results in the severe disorders which need to be treated in time. For this, respective proteins can be extracted by the external sources and be supplied to the human beings. Such medicinal proteins are known as therapeutic proteins (TPs). This review summarizes some of the key areas about these miracle proteins like their types, classification, production factories, routes of administration, pharmacokinetics, and potential applications. Furthermore, challenges and hurdles faced in getting a potential protein drug, its FDA approval and …

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Toxical Effect Of Euphorbia Guyoniana Aqueous Extracts (Euphorbiaceae) On Mortality, Larval Development And Sexual Behavior Of Drosophila Melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Chabi Lila, Habbachi Wafa, Tahraoui Abdelkrim Feb 2022

Toxical Effect Of Euphorbia Guyoniana Aqueous Extracts (Euphorbiaceae) On Mortality, Larval Development And Sexual Behavior Of Drosophila Melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Chabi Lila, Habbachi Wafa, Tahraoui Abdelkrim

Journal of Bioresource Management

Euphorbia guyoniana (Boiss and Reut) is a plant of Euphorbiaceae family common throughout the northern Sahara and pre-desert regions. In traditional medicine, they are used in the treatment of various infections. Euphorbiaceae contain various chemical compounds families such as alkaloids, which give them a toxic effect. The toxic effects of seeds decoctions on mortality and development of 3rd instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster are studied. A treatment by ingestion shows a good larvicidal activity of this extract. It was shown that the chemical compounds contained in the extract, act on the fly development cycle as most of pupae do not …

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Preliminary Survey And Diet Analysis Of Anurans In The Riparian Zone Of Calayagon Watershed, Agusan Del Norte, Philippines, Jenessa Verna B. Salo, Chennie L. Solania Feb 2022

Preliminary Survey And Diet Analysis Of Anurans In The Riparian Zone Of Calayagon Watershed, Agusan Del Norte, Philippines, Jenessa Verna B. Salo, Chennie L. Solania

Journal of Bioresource Management

Watersheds are critical habitats for a diverse array of organisms. Among all the fauna, anurans are excellent biological indicators of environmental health. The community structure is often associated with a relationship between species diversity and diet. An anuran survey was conducted along riparian zones of three selected barangays of Calayagon Watershed (Guinabsan, Rizal, and Malpoc), Philippines. Extensive opportunistic methods for a total of 480 man-hours were spent traversing the area. A total of 195 individuals, consisting of seven species from four families, were recorded. Seventy-two percent of the individual species were regarded as Least concern, and 14 % were Near-threatened. …

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Identification And Characterization Of Active Ingredient Eugenol From Syzygium Aromaticum (Clove Oil) Through Hplc And Its Phytochemical Analysis, Ambreen Kanwal, Saba Irshad, Nimra Akmal, Nayab Batool Rizwi Feb 2022

Identification And Characterization Of Active Ingredient Eugenol From Syzygium Aromaticum (Clove Oil) Through Hplc And Its Phytochemical Analysis, Ambreen Kanwal, Saba Irshad, Nimra Akmal, Nayab Batool Rizwi

Journal of Bioresource Management

Clove, Syzygium aromaticum, is one of the most valuable, ancient and premium essential oil which has been used as source of spice in agro-food industry and therapeutics for centuries. The aim of the present study was to analyze biological activities of clove oil as well as characterization of its active component Eugenol to make it worthwhile for different food and pharmaceutical formulations. Clove oil extraction was performed by Soxhlet method. Its phytochemical analysis showed the presence of carbohydrates, flavonoids, coumarins, steroids, saponnins, and tannins while proteins and leucoanthocyanins were absent in it. DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay was performed which …

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The Study Of Tree Biomass Calculation By Comparing Partial Harvest Method With The Allometric Equations Method, Kanlayarat Jantawong, Titinan Pothong Feb 2022

The Study Of Tree Biomass Calculation By Comparing Partial Harvest Method With The Allometric Equations Method, Kanlayarat Jantawong, Titinan Pothong

Journal of Bioresource Management

This study aimed to investigate the effective of partial harvest method used for tree biomass estimation. Such method was analyzed for the correlation in compare with invented allometric equations. The advantages and disadvantages of those methods were discussed. The significantly difference between estimation methods were analyzed. As a result, tree biomass calculated by the Brown’s allometric equation produced highest results, followed by the partial harvest method, Tsutsumi’s, Chave’s and Pothong’s equations respectively. The selected allometric equations showed the positive correlation with partial harvest method. The highest positive correlation was found between the partial harvest method and both equation of Chave …

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Mosquito Survey In Tizi-Ouzou (Algeria Northern): Updated Inventory With New Reports, Soumeya Chahed, Hania Belkacem, Lynda Boukhari, Karima Brahmi Feb 2022

Mosquito Survey In Tizi-Ouzou (Algeria Northern): Updated Inventory With New Reports, Soumeya Chahed, Hania Belkacem, Lynda Boukhari, Karima Brahmi

Journal of Bioresource Management

Mosquitoes play an important role in public health, they are responsible for the transmission of pathogens that cause infectious diseases to both humans and animals. The study of this fauna biodiversity is necessary to determine the vector species of diseases. Our inventory of mosquitoes in Tizi-Ouzou province has been updated in this study, it was carried out from April to September, 2021 at 43 breeding sites, spread over ten different communes. The inventory was based on the sampling of larvae and the capture of adults on human bait. The identification of Culicidae inventoried revealed the presence of 14 species belonging …

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Replication Stress Induced By The Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitors Guanazole, Triapine, And Gemcitabine In Fission Yeast, Mashael Yahya A Alyahya Jan 2022

Replication Stress Induced By The Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitors Guanazole, Triapine, And Gemcitabine In Fission Yeast, Mashael Yahya A Alyahya

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Replication stress can be produced by various exogenous or endogenous factors that perturb the movement of replication forks. To overcome the stress, the cells provoke the DNA replication checkpoint to mobilize several pathways to protect the forks, maintain genome integrity, and promote cell survival. Defects in the replication checkpoint cause forks collapse, leading to chromosomal DNA damage or cell death. Although the replication checkpoint is crucial for genome integrity in all eukaryotes, the underlying mechanisms remains to be fully understood. To investigate the mechanisms of DRC, hydroxyurea (HU), an established inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), has been widely used in …

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The Role Of Action Potential Changes In Depolarization-Induced Failure Of Excitation Contraction Coupling In Mouse Skeletal Muscle, Xueyong Wang, Murad Nawaz, Chris Dupont, Jessica H. Myers, Steve R.A. Burke, Roger A. Bannister, Brent D. Foy, Andrew A. Voss, Mark M. Rich Jan 2022

The Role Of Action Potential Changes In Depolarization-Induced Failure Of Excitation Contraction Coupling In Mouse Skeletal Muscle, Xueyong Wang, Murad Nawaz, Chris Dupont, Jessica H. Myers, Steve R.A. Burke, Roger A. Bannister, Brent D. Foy, Andrew A. Voss, Mark M. Rich

Physics Faculty Publications

Excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) is the process by which electrical excitation of muscle is converted into force generation. Depolarization of skeletal muscle resting potential contributes to failure of ECC in diseases such as periodic paralysis, intensive care unit acquired weakness and possibly fatigue of muscle during vigorous exercise. When extracellular K+ is raised to depolarize the resting potential, failure of ECC occurs suddenly, over a narrow range of resting potentials. Simultaneous imaging of Ca2+ transients and recording of action potentials (APs) demonstrated failure to generate Ca2+ transients when APs peaked at potentials more negative than –30mV. An AP property that closely …

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Chemosensitivity Of Locus Coeruleus Neurons Decreases With Postnatal Development, Yasmeen Samar Jan 2022

Chemosensitivity Of Locus Coeruleus Neurons Decreases With Postnatal Development, Yasmeen Samar

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The locus coeruleus (LC) is a chemosensory area partially responsible for ventilation. Control over ventilation relies on inter-network communication via chemical and electrical synapses and chemosensitivity to CO2/pH. As the LC develops, it’s neural control over ventilation changes. This study investigates the chemosensitivity of the locus coeruleus over the course of development in postnatal rats. We hypothesize that 1) the CO2 sensitivity of LC neurons is highest at birth and declines with development 2) LC neurons are intrinsically chemosensitive and this chemosensitivity does not decrease with development and 3) the presence of gap junctions is highest at the beginning of …

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Impaired Β-Cell Neogenesis In A Mouse Model Of Metabolic Syndrome, Modhi Abdullah Alshammari Jan 2022

Impaired Β-Cell Neogenesis In A Mouse Model Of Metabolic Syndrome, Modhi Abdullah Alshammari

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Pancreatic islet β-cell plays an essential role in insulin release and hence glucose homeostasis. The maintenance of glucose homeostasis depends on β-cell ability to cope with enough insulin to fulfill metabolic and physiological demands. Adequate insulin release is the result of highly complex and dynamic interplays between acute changes in β- cell electrical activity, exocytosis and chronic adaptations in cellular function, volume, mass and proliferation. All of this appears modulated, to some extent, by the functional presence of Slc12a2 symporters, also known as Na+K+2Cl– cotransporter-1 (Nkcc1), which accumulates intracellular Cl– above its electrochemical equilibrium. Recent studies from our laboratory showed …

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Evaluation Of A Monosynaptic Spinal Circuit In Multiple Mouse Models Of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Maura A. Curran Jan 2022

Evaluation Of A Monosynaptic Spinal Circuit In Multiple Mouse Models Of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Maura A. Curran

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. To date, there are no significant disease-modifying treatments, and one limiting factor in treatment is the amount of time it takes for a patient to receive a diagnosis of ALS. This study examined multiple mouse models before symptom onset to help identify early changes in a reflex circuit of ALS mice. Dorsal root stimulation of the sacral spinal cord in multiple models ALS mouse models showed changes in the resulting ventral root compound action potential amplitude, latency, and ability to maintain synaptic depression. These data also suggest that a mouse model …

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Community-Level Effects Of A Widescale Reduction In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Density, Mariah Slaughter Jan 2022

Community-Level Effects Of A Widescale Reduction In White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus) Density, Mariah Slaughter

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The prolonged overabundance of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) throughout the deciduous forests of eastern North America has resulted in widespread changes in the understory community. Studies have demonstrated that the exclusion of deer can allow some aspects of the understory to recover, but there are strong time-lags for deer-preferred species. Additionally, these exclosures only test the presence/absence of deer, which is not a feasible management option or desirable as deer are a part of the community. Here I evaluate how large-scale deer density manipulations within the Kinzua Quality Deer Cooperative of Pennsylvania affected understory vegetation communities. Using data from six …

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Use Of Forelimb Asymmetry In The Analysis Of Cns Recovery From A Demyelination Event, Joseph C. Hinkle Jan 2022

Use Of Forelimb Asymmetry In The Analysis Of Cns Recovery From A Demyelination Event, Joseph C. Hinkle

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Using forelimb asymmetry analysis along with Montoya Staircase methodology we tested how a fluoxetine simvastatin ascorbic acid drug cocktail would affect recovery from a demyelinating event in a rat model, with the hypothesis that if administered then it would help female recovery but hinder male recovery. It was found that a fluoxetine simvastatin and ascorbic acid drug cocktail did not significantly enhance recovery from a demyelination model injury in female rats, and that the same drug cocktail significantly slowed male rat recovery from the same type of injury. It was also apparent that the more effective methodology for investigating this …

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Microglia Distribution In The Lateral Ventricles Following Treatment Of Lysolecithin Model Of Multiple Sclerosis, Spencer James Wilson Jan 2022

Microglia Distribution In The Lateral Ventricles Following Treatment Of Lysolecithin Model Of Multiple Sclerosis, Spencer James Wilson

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects an estimated one million people in the US alone (Wallin et al., 2019). We modeled MS in rats using lysolecithin injection into the corpus callosum to diminish motor function unilaterally through demyelination, meanwhile treating the injury with Fluoxetine, Ibuprofen, and ascorbic acid (FIAA) to increase neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis. Motor function was assessed using the Montoya Staircase test pre- and post-surgery. Motor capabilities recovered in the contralateral limb, but not in the ipsilateral, and recovery was not significantly affected by treatment. We identified microglia by CX3CR1 and examined its distribution in the adult neurogenic niche, the SVZ …

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Genomic Instability At A Polypurine/Polypyrimidine Repeat Sequence, Nathen S. Zavada Jan 2022

Genomic Instability At A Polypurine/Polypyrimidine Repeat Sequence, Nathen S. Zavada

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Microsatellite repeat sequences have been shown to induce replication stalling, fork collapse, double-strand breaks (DSBs), and possibly stimulate break-induced replication. In this study we use a dual-fluorescent HeLa model that is designed to monitor recombination at an ectopic site through use of flow cytometry and inverse PCR with a microsatellite in the lagging strand for DNA synthesis. To test the stability of the 78 bp polypurine/pyrimidine repeat from the PDK1 locus, we subjected cells to replication stress drugs designed to induce DSBs and measure break-induced replication (BIR). The study revealed that polypurine repeat cells undergo endogenous stress contributing to instability …

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Exploring The Host Range, Impacts, And Distribution Of Black Rot Disease On Alliaria Petiolata, Gabriela Ivette Harney-Davila Jan 2022

Exploring The Host Range, Impacts, And Distribution Of Black Rot Disease On Alliaria Petiolata, Gabriela Ivette Harney-Davila

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Garlic mustard is an invasive Eurasian biennial spreading in deciduous forests of North America. Garlic mustard plants in Ohio can be infected with a strain of Xanthomonas campestris, the causal agent of black rot disease in brassicas. I examined variation in susceptibility to X. campestris among garlic mustard populations, several native wild species, and agricultural crop varieties. Twenty-four garlic mustard populations were universally susceptible to X. campestris, though disease severity varied. Cardamine concatenata and Cardamine diphylla were susceptible but can phenologically escape infection in the field. Of the 14 agricultural crops tested, three cultivars (Raphanus sativus, Brassica rapa var. Rapa …

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The Impact Of Sentiment And Misinformation Cycling Through The Social Media Platform, Twitter, During The Initial Phase Of The Covid-19 Vaccine Rollout, Emily Grace Burwell Jan 2022

The Impact Of Sentiment And Misinformation Cycling Through The Social Media Platform, Twitter, During The Initial Phase Of The Covid-19 Vaccine Rollout, Emily Grace Burwell

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This study assesses the underlying topics, sentiment, and types of information regarding COVID-19 vaccines on Twitter during the initiation of the vaccine rollout. Tweets about the COVID-19 vaccine were collected and the relevant tweets were then filtered out using a relevancy classifier. Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was used to uncover topics of discussion within the relevant tweets. The NRC lexicon was used to assess positive and negative sentiment within tweets. The type of information (information, misinformation, opinion, or question) in tweets was evaluated. The relevancy classifier resulted in a dataset of 210,657 relevant tweets. Eight topics provided the best representation …

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Heightened Levels Of Microvesicle Particles Resulting From Combination Of Ethanol And Thermal Burn Injury, Chad Alan Brewer Jan 2022

Heightened Levels Of Microvesicle Particles Resulting From Combination Of Ethanol And Thermal Burn Injury, Chad Alan Brewer

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Ethanol (EtOH), in combination with thermal burn injury, is a clinically significant problem resulting in an increase in morbidity and mortality due to acute multi-organ toxicity from excess systemic cytokine release. This intoxicated thermal burn affects close to 50% of the total numbers of hospital-admitted burn patients and currently has no standard treatment. However, using in vitro cellular and in vivo murine models, our group has provided data implicating the augmented production of the lipid mediator Platelet-activating factor (PAF) in keratinocytes in response to intoxicated thermal burn injury in the subsequent pathology. Of importance, our group has demonstrated that activation …

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Ifn-Γ Increases The Expression Of Sars-Cov-2 Receptors On Vero E6 Cells, Bindu Madhavi Madabattula Jan 2022

Ifn-Γ Increases The Expression Of Sars-Cov-2 Receptors On Vero E6 Cells, Bindu Madhavi Madabattula

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Respiratory epithelial cells are the initial target for SARS-CoV-2 infection. IFN-γ is known to increase the expression of ACE-2, an initial receptor for SARS-CoV-2, on epithelial cells. This study focuses on examining the effect of IFN-γ for ACE-2, TMPRSS2, and neuropilin-1 on Vero E6 cells using two immunofluorescence methods, namely, direct (membrane) fluorescence method and Cytation5 method. Direct fluorescence was determined using an Accu-Scope and ImageJ analysis. Using this method, significance (p<0.023) was observed only for ACE-2 when Vero E6 cells were treated with IFN-γ. Cytation5 fluorescence was determined using a Bio-tek Cytation5 plate reader. The results showed that IFN-γ significantly increased (p<0.001) the expression of ACE-2, neuropilin-1, and TMPRSS2. These results indicate Cytation5 is a more sensitive method for determining the expression of receptors on Vero E6 cells. The elevated levels of SARS-CoV-2 receptors expression resulting from IFN-γ treatment makes the epithelial cells more susceptible targets of SARS-CoV-2 infection. IFN-γ is most likely provided by innate immune cells in the initial COVID-19 infection, consequently contributing to the severity of disease.

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Ahr-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation Of The Human Immunoglobulin Hs1.2 Enhancer, Sydney White Jan 2022

Ahr-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation Of The Human Immunoglobulin Hs1.2 Enhancer, Sydney White

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The 3'IGHRR is thought to be responsible for the transcription of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene locus, which is essential for the production of antibodies. The human 3’IGHRR, which is duplicated in humans, contains the hs3, hs4, and hs1.2 enhancers. Additionally, the hs1.2 enhancer is polymorphic in humans and consists of a 53 bp invariant sequence that can be repeated one to four times. Previous experiments in a mouse and human B-cell line model have shown that the high affinity AhR ligand and environmental toxicant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) can induce hs1.2 enhancer activity in an AhR-dependent manner. The AhR is …

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Expression Of Sars Cov2 Receptors Influenced Upon Cytokine Polarizations (Il-4 And Ifnγ) In Hemangioendothelioma Cells, Chandra Lekha Koopari Jan 2022

Expression Of Sars Cov2 Receptors Influenced Upon Cytokine Polarizations (Il-4 And Ifnγ) In Hemangioendothelioma Cells, Chandra Lekha Koopari

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Endothelial cells are distinct multifunctional cells with essential metabolic and synthetic roles along with their ability to function as selective permeability barrier. Endothelial cells (ECs), the major component of blood vessels, essentially interact directly yet differently with inflammatory cytokines. ECs are well recognized to be polarized cells, but little is known about the potential function of inflammatory mediators. Covid 19 may have long-term health effects on par with chronic illnesses. Vascular inflammatory disease and coagulopathy linked to COVID-19 are exacerbated by endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. SARS-CoV-2 enters the host cell through the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and primes …

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Instability And Extrachromosomal Circular Dna Formation At Microsatellites And Unstable Dna Sequences, Matilyn M. Shanahan Jan 2022

Instability And Extrachromosomal Circular Dna Formation At Microsatellites And Unstable Dna Sequences, Matilyn M. Shanahan

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We have previously documented our evidence of genetic instabilities at the (Pu/Py)78 and (ATTCT)47 sequences and our reasoning for identifying break-induced replication (BIR) as the mode of repair responsible for the mutations in the DNA flanking the unstable inserts. Now, as our lab investigates the protein mechanisms at play in the BIR pathway taking place at these sites, we are also expanding our knowledge of how this mechanism extends into the pathways responsible for forming extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) molecules. We have documented the phenomena posed as the driving factors for eccDNA formation in our systems containing (Pu/Py)78 and (ATTCT)47. …

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The Mechanisms Of Axon Initial Segment Alteration Due To Disrupted Glucose Metabolism: A Potential Link To Cognitive Impairment, Duc Van Minh Nguyen Jan 2022

The Mechanisms Of Axon Initial Segment Alteration Due To Disrupted Glucose Metabolism: A Potential Link To Cognitive Impairment, Duc Van Minh Nguyen

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Cognitive impairment is a serious global health issue due to its widely complicated pathologies that are linked to many diseases, including type 2 diabetes. Yet, detailed mechanisms of cognitive impairment associated with type 2 diabetes are unknown. Evidence suggests type 2 diabetes is associated with disrupted glucose metabolism, elevated methylglyoxal, and axon initial segment (AIS) shortening. Subtle changes of AIS could significantly contribute to neuronal dysfunction in neurological diseases (e.g., cognitive impairment). Utilizing in vitro dissociated mouse cortical cultures, we initially discovered elevated methylglyoxal shortens the AIS length of the immunofluorescent marker AnkyrinG (Griggs et al., 2021). This thesis further …

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Effects Of Lipin1 Deficiency & Restoration In The Dystrophic Diaphragm, Alexandra Brown Jan 2022

Effects Of Lipin1 Deficiency & Restoration In The Dystrophic Diaphragm, Alexandra Brown

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Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive disorder that is characterized by severe and progressive muscle wasting (Venugopal & Pavlakis, 2021). This disease is caused by a mutation in the largest known human gene which encodes the protein, dystrophin (Gao & McNally, 2015). Dystrophin connects the inner cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix and is critical for maintaining the structural stability of muscle cells during contraction (Venugopal & Pavlakis, 2021). Mutations to the dystrophin gene result in myocyte membrane instability, contributing to the structural deterioration of the muscle tissue (Venugopal & Pavlakis, 2021). Progressive muscle degeneration and the replacement of …

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