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Articles 421 - 450 of 702
Full-Text Articles in Materials Science and Engineering
Risk Identification Of Green Hydrogen Supply Chain In Ammonia Industry In Indonesia Using Delphi And Topsis Methods, Ananda Priatama, Sheila Tobing
Risk Identification Of Green Hydrogen Supply Chain In Ammonia Industry In Indonesia Using Delphi And Topsis Methods, Ananda Priatama, Sheila Tobing
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings
The development of green hydrogen in Indonesia, while promising for supporting industrial decarbonization, remains in its early stages and faces various challenges across technical, economic, and regulatory domains. This study aims to identify and prioritize the risks linked to green hydrogen supply chain in Indonesia, particularly for applications in the ammonia industry. A set of 49 potential risk factors was initially compiled through literature review and prior studies. The Delphi method was employed with a panel of experts to validate these risks, ultimately refining the list to 27 critical risk factors. Subsequently, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to …
A Sustainable Approach To Tensile Property Enhancement In Sand Casting Via Metal Chip–Sand Composite Molds, Maaruf Isyaku, Danjuma Saleh Yawas, Mathew Olatunde Afolayan, Terva Ause
A Sustainable Approach To Tensile Property Enhancement In Sand Casting Via Metal Chip–Sand Composite Molds, Maaruf Isyaku, Danjuma Saleh Yawas, Mathew Olatunde Afolayan, Terva Ause
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings
The present work focuses on the study of the effect of adding different weight percentages and particle sizes of various metal chips to foundry sand on the tensile strength of aluminum alloy castings, utilizing Taguchi's optimization methodology and regression analysis. Characterization techniques such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), thermogravimetry, and SEM were also used. The XRF analysis identified aluminum (76.61%), silicon (17.49%), and magnesium (1.28%) as the major elements in the aluminum alloy engine block. For the foundry sand, silicon (89.51%), phosphorus (7.41%), and potassium (1.7%) were found. In contrast, the major constituents in cast iron included iron (88.3%), carbon (3.7%), …
Assessing Passenger Electric Vehicle Growth Strategies And Their Impacts On Electricity Demand Load And Co2 Emissions In Aceh Province To Achieve Net Zero Emission Target By 2060, Taufik Hidayat, Widodo Wahyu Purwanto
Assessing Passenger Electric Vehicle Growth Strategies And Their Impacts On Electricity Demand Load And Co2 Emissions In Aceh Province To Achieve Net Zero Emission Target By 2060, Taufik Hidayat, Widodo Wahyu Purwanto
Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings
The electrification of the transport sector is a crucial pathway for achieving Indonesia’s Net Zero Emissions (NZE) target by 2060. This study assesses the potential impact of passenger electric vehicle (EV) penetration on electricity demand and CO2 emissions in Aceh Province through a scenario-based modelling approach. Two policy-aligned scenarios are assessed: a low-penetration (LP) scenario and a high-penetration (HP) scenario. Using the Gompertz model and the ASIF framework, total CO2 emissions were projected from 2020 to 2060. Results show that although higher EV penetration reduces direct emissions from internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, total CO2 emissions increase more significantly under …
Sulfate Attack And Microstructural Study Of Self-Compacting Sand Concrete Incorporating Recycled Concrete, S. Boudali, A.M. Soliman, B. Abdulsalam, S. Poncet, Adel Elsafty
Sulfate Attack And Microstructural Study Of Self-Compacting Sand Concrete Incorporating Recycled Concrete, S. Boudali, A.M. Soliman, B. Abdulsalam, S. Poncet, Adel Elsafty
HBRC Journal
This study presents an experimental investigation of the microstructure of Self-Compacting Sand Concrete (SCSC) containing recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and fine recycled concrete powder (FRCP) under a sulfate attack. SCSC specimens were submerged and stored for one year in a sodium sulfate solution. The microstructure of SCSC was investigated using quantitative X-ray diffraction and SEM analysis performed on samples taken from both the core and surface of the specimens. Also, the impact of different percentages and sizes of recycled aggregates (i.e., varying from nano- up to micro-sized aggregates) on the microstructural properties of SCSC exposed to sulfate attack was evaluated. …
Electrophoretic Deposition Of Chitosan-Based Coatings On Magnesium Alloys For Implant Applications: A Review, M. H. Payampur, D. Azimi, W. W. Milligan, M. Razzaghi, H. R. Bakhsheshi-Rad, J. Drelich
Electrophoretic Deposition Of Chitosan-Based Coatings On Magnesium Alloys For Implant Applications: A Review, M. H. Payampur, D. Azimi, W. W. Milligan, M. Razzaghi, H. R. Bakhsheshi-Rad, J. Drelich
Michigan Tech Publications
Magnesium (Mg) alloys are highly promising materials for biomedical applications due to their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, their rapid corrosion in physiological environments remains a significant barrier to their use in implantable devices. Surface modification techniques, particularly chitosan (CS)-based coatings, have shown considerable potential in addressing these challenges. CS, as a biopolymer, not only reduces the corrosion rate of Mg alloys but also enhances their biological performance. Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) is a highly versatile technique that enables the uniform deposition of CS and CS-composite coatings on Mg alloys. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of depositing CS and …
Synthesis And Performance Evaluation Of Zeolite-Based Ni–Cao For Integrated Co2 Capture And Conversion, Zhang Xinggang
Synthesis And Performance Evaluation Of Zeolite-Based Ni–Cao For Integrated Co2 Capture And Conversion, Zhang Xinggang
Student Works (2020-2029)
Carbon capture and utilization (CCU) is increasingly being adopted as a strategy to minimize carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. Integrated CO₂ capture and utilization (ICCU) is more attractive as it reduces overall cost and energy consumption by eliminating the need for gas compression and transportation. Advances in ICCU and the development of dual functional materials (DFMs) capable of adsorbing and in situ converting CO₂ have attracted increasing attention in both academia and industry, driven by the need for efficient CO₂ utilization pathways. After a detailed analysis of the literature, zeolites have emerged as prominent materials for use as adsorbents and catalyst …
Sub-Nanometer Nanoclusters Of Copper Atop Single-Atom Copper Moieties Toward Electrochemical Co2 Hydrogenation To Methane, Ahmed Badreldin, Mohammad Bilal Minhas, Shengyao Wang, Gabriella Smith, Shaoqin Chen, Shiwen Wu, Carter Racine, Jin Feng, Yun Hang Hu, Tao Li, Ying Li
Sub-Nanometer Nanoclusters Of Copper Atop Single-Atom Copper Moieties Toward Electrochemical Co2 Hydrogenation To Methane, Ahmed Badreldin, Mohammad Bilal Minhas, Shengyao Wang, Gabriella Smith, Shaoqin Chen, Shiwen Wu, Carter Racine, Jin Feng, Yun Hang Hu, Tao Li, Ying Li
Michigan Tech Publications
The electrochemical CO2 reduction (eCO2R) offers a compelling route for converting CO2 into value-added fuels and chemicals. Among CO2-derived products, methane (CH4) occupies a distinct position, serving both as a key intermediate for emerging cascade electro-oxidation to oxygenates and as a strategically important extraterrestrial fuel that can be generated in situ from off-planet CO2 resources. Although Cu-based catalysts capable of selectively producing CH4 have been reported, they seldom sustain high selectivity at practically relevant current densities. Here, we created a single-step co-pyrolysis strategy toward generating and anchoring Cu sub-nanometer clusters (CuSNC) atop Cu-Nx single-atom (SA) motifs embedded within N-doped carbon …
Quantitative Phase-Field Modeling Of Nonequilibrium Microstructural Evolution In Rapid Solidification For Additive Manufacturing, Leiji Li, Fei Xiao, Ying Zhou, Xiaorong Cai, Chongfeng Zhang, Jinzhong Gao, Xiaopeng Shen, Tianchi Zhu, Sihan Wang, Yijia Gu, Xuejun Jin
Quantitative Phase-Field Modeling Of Nonequilibrium Microstructural Evolution In Rapid Solidification For Additive Manufacturing, Leiji Li, Fei Xiao, Ying Zhou, Xiaorong Cai, Chongfeng Zhang, Jinzhong Gao, Xiaopeng Shen, Tianchi Zhu, Sihan Wang, Yijia Gu, Xuejun Jin
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Fusion-based metal additive manufacturing (AM) relies on layer-by-layer deposition and rapid solidification, where the material transitions swiftly from liquid to solid. A key phenomenon during this process is solute trapping, a nonequilibrium effect governed by a velocity-dependent partition coefficient, which critically influences microstructure kinetics, morphology, and phase formation. In this study, we employ a recently proposed quantitative phase field (PF) model to systematically explore solute trapping, solute drag, and their impacts on pattern formation during rapid solidification at AM-relevant velocities, in both one and two dimensions. Our simulations reveal a growth mode transition from planar to cellular to dendritic, and …
Self-Assembly Interactions In Magnetite-Coated Cellulose Nanocrystals: Implications For Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications, Mohammad J. Hasan, Erin L. Mcneill, Kishore Chand, Juganta Roy, Monishita Deb, Katherine Schlaak, Sydney Herzog, Yvonne Sun, Sarah Watzman, Esteban E. Ureña-Benavides, Erick S. Vasquez-Guardado
Self-Assembly Interactions In Magnetite-Coated Cellulose Nanocrystals: Implications For Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications, Mohammad J. Hasan, Erin L. Mcneill, Kishore Chand, Juganta Roy, Monishita Deb, Katherine Schlaak, Sydney Herzog, Yvonne Sun, Sarah Watzman, Esteban E. Ureña-Benavides, Erick S. Vasquez-Guardado
Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
Magnetic cellulose nanocrystal (MCNC) nanocomposites are promising sustainable and biocompatible platforms for magnetic hyperthermia; however, the molecular mechanisms governing Fe3O4 adsorption and deposition onto CNCs remain poorly understood. Here, sulfated (S-CNC) and TEMPO-oxidized CNCs (T-CNC) were used to prepare nanocomposites at 1:2 and 1:4 CNC:Fe3O4 mass ratios, enabling a systematic evaluation of how surface chemistry and nanoparticle loading dictate interfacial interactions and magneto-colloidal behavior. Bare magnetite nanoparticles were 21 ± 5 nm by TEM but grew to 144 ± 18 in the DLS measurement at pH 7. The S-CNC nanocomposites had hydrodynamic sizes between 144 and 210 nm, not much …
Relation Between Swelling Potential And Swelling Pressure For Different Types Of Expansive Clay Of New Cairo, Sherouk Hany Mohamed, Amr Radwan, Mohammed Rabie, Hussein Mostafa
Relation Between Swelling Potential And Swelling Pressure For Different Types Of Expansive Clay Of New Cairo, Sherouk Hany Mohamed, Amr Radwan, Mohammed Rabie, Hussein Mostafa
HBRC Journal
The purpose of this paper is to present correlations that may help in predicting swelling pressure (PS) and swelling potential (SP) for expansive clay, which can contribute to solving engineering problems such as cracking, shifting or other structural damage, that may occur, if the behavior of this type of soil is not taken into consideration. Therefore, in this research, five different samples of expansive clay soils were collected from different site locations in New Cairo, Egypt. Then, these samples were dried, pulverized and passed through sieve No. 40 (0.425 mm). The samples were prepared initially at maximum dry …
Synthesis And Hydrothermal Evaluation Of Poly(Styrene Phosphonate) For Conformance Control In Geothermal Reservoirs, Sara Mccauley
Synthesis And Hydrothermal Evaluation Of Poly(Styrene Phosphonate) For Conformance Control In Geothermal Reservoirs, Sara Mccauley
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
As atmospheric carbon dioxide levels continue to rise, geothermal energy has emerged as a promising energy alternative to fossil fuels. A barrier to widespread implementation and energy production efficiency is macro-heterogeneity of the rock matrix. Cracks, void spaces, and flow conduits divert fluid flow away from unswept portions of the geothermal reservoir and can cause cooling of the reservoir. Flow heterogeneity has been treated in oil reservoirs by injecting hydrogel particles that travel preferentially to ultra-high permeability zones and selectively block fluid flow in these regions. We are applying polymer hydrogels that withstand hydrothermal conditions of 225 up to 275°C …
Toward Sustainable 3d Printable Cementitious Materials: Low-Carbon Design With Fiber Reinforcement, Nima Mahmoudzadeh Vaziri
Toward Sustainable 3d Printable Cementitious Materials: Low-Carbon Design With Fiber Reinforcement, Nima Mahmoudzadeh Vaziri
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
3D printing of cementitious materials, as an emerging construction technology, faces challenges in both mechanical performance and sustainability. Conventional mixture designs rely on high cement contents, leading to increased CO2 emissions, while printed elements often exhibit brittle behavior with limited crack resistance and reduced post-cracking performance. This study investigates the development of low-carbon 3D printed cementitious composites using environmentally friendly supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and fillers, combined with fiber reinforcement to enhance mechanical performance. Locally available SCMs and fillers were incorporated to significantly reduce cement content (>40%) and improve sustainability. Fiber reinforcement was introduced to mitigate brittleness and enhance …
Structural Analysis On Iron Phosphate Glasses After Dechlorination Of Mixed Chloride Waste Forms, Lucas Greiner
Structural Analysis On Iron Phosphate Glasses After Dechlorination Of Mixed Chloride Waste Forms, Lucas Greiner
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Molten salt reactors (MSRs) require durable waste forms for immobilizing halide-rich salts. This study examines iron phosphate glasses derived from a simple salt mixture (SSM), focusing on the effect of Fe₂O₃ additions (2.5–10 wt%) on structure and phase stability. Intermediates were processed at 300–600 °C and vitrified at 1050 °C. Raman spectroscopy and HPLC show that increasing iron content depolymerizes the phosphate network, shifting from Q² toward Q¹ species and reducing chain length. XRD confirms amorphous behavior for ≤7.5 wt% Fe₂O₃, while 10 wt% shows crystallization, with KFeP₂O₇ observed in samples processed at 400 °C. Despite reduced connectivity, iron enhances …
Optimization Of A High-Performance Lightweight Concrete Mix Design For Concrete Canoe Application, Caiden Sisson
Optimization Of A High-Performance Lightweight Concrete Mix Design For Concrete Canoe Application, Caiden Sisson
Honors Theses
Arkansas State University competes annually in the National Concrete Canoe Competition that requires the development of a concrete mix design capable of maintaining buoyancy while satisfying strength, workability, and performance criteria under racing and handling conditions. Because conventional structural concrete is too dense for buoyant applications, this research focused on developing and optimizing a concrete mixture for concrete canoe application.
Optimization Of Niobium Film For Particle Accelerators And Quantum Applications, Bektur Abdisatarov
Optimization Of Niobium Film For Particle Accelerators And Quantum Applications, Bektur Abdisatarov
Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Niobium (Nb) films play a central role in superconducting technologies used in particle accelerators and superconducting quantum circuits. Optimizing the physical properties of Nb films is therefore critical for improving both radiofrequency (RF) performance in superconducting radiofrequency (SRF) cavities and coherence in superconducting qubits. This thesis investigates the relationship between Nb film microstructure, impurity content, and electromagnetic response across these two application domains.
For particle accelerator applications, we studied Nb films deposited using high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) with DC bias onto a 1.3 GHz elliptical SRF cavity. Nb film cavities exhibit a pronounced medium-field Q-slope, limiting their achievable accelerating …
Effect Of Curing Duration On Bridge Deck Concrete Performance, Zhaniya Omarova
Effect Of Curing Duration On Bridge Deck Concrete Performance, Zhaniya Omarova
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
This study evaluates the influence of curing duration on the performance of bridge deck concrete and investigates the feasibility of reducing curing periods without compromising structural and durability properties. Two concrete mixtures, a standard Nebraska Department of Transportation (NDOT) bridge deck mix (47BD) and an optimized reduced-cement-content mix (O47BD-R100), were evaluated under multiple curing durations Fresh, early-age, mechanical, durability, and shrinkage properties were assessed to characterize the effect of curing on concrete behavior. Internal relative humidity and temperature were monitored using embedded sensors to investigate moisture diffusion and its role in shrinkage development for lab specimens and full-scale slabs.
Results …
A Dataset Of Precipitate-Containing Multi-Principal Element Alloys, Anshu Raj, Xin Wang, Matthew Luebbe, Haiming Wen, Kun Lu, Shuozhi Xu
A Dataset Of Precipitate-Containing Multi-Principal Element Alloys, Anshu Raj, Xin Wang, Matthew Luebbe, Haiming Wen, Kun Lu, Shuozhi Xu
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
We report a curated dataset that brings together composition, processing conditions, microstructural details, and mechanical properties for 396 combinations of alloy composition and processing condition drawn from 100 peer-reviewed research articles on precipitate-containing multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs). The dataset was created by first utilizing a generative large language model for information extraction, followed by expert review to ensure accurate recovery of materials data. Compositional information was taken directly from tables and text, while processing routes — including homogenization, rolling, recrystallization, and aging — were converted into uniform temperature and time metrics. Microstructural descriptors, including precipitate phases and sizes, were consolidated …
Ultra-High Vacuum Outgassing Characterization Of Thermally Processed Low-Carbon Steel For Advanced Particle Accelerator And Gravitational Wave Detector Applications, Aiman H. Al-Allaq
Ultra-High Vacuum Outgassing Characterization Of Thermally Processed Low-Carbon Steel For Advanced Particle Accelerator And Gravitational Wave Detector Applications, Aiman H. Al-Allaq
Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations
This dissertation investigated AISI 1020 low-carbon steel as an alternative vacuum chamber material to conventional stainless steel for ultra-high vacuum (UHV) and extreme-high vacuum (XHV) applications. After a 400 °C/48 h bake, AISI 1020 tube chambers achieved a hydrogen outgassing rate of 2.4 × 10⁻¹⁶ Torr·L·s⁻¹·cm⁻², approximately 2,300 times lower than the prebaked 316L stainless-steel comparator, among the lowest hydrogen outgassing rates ever reported for an uncoated metallic vacuum chamber. Bare and magnetite-coated AISI 1020 chambers were then compared using throughput and rate-of-rise methods. The magnetite coating yielded 5× lower water outgassing at room temperature, but this advantage disappeared after …
Antimicrobial Performance Of Amorphous Vs. Crystalline La1-Xsrxcoo3 Perovskites, S. M. Au Shohag, Fahmida Akhter, Ahmed Touhami, Swati Mohan, Md. Wasikur Rahman, Mohammed Jasim Uddin
Antimicrobial Performance Of Amorphous Vs. Crystalline La1-Xsrxcoo3 Perovskites, S. M. Au Shohag, Fahmida Akhter, Ahmed Touhami, Swati Mohan, Md. Wasikur Rahman, Mohammed Jasim Uddin
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
Perovskite materials, with their unique crystal structure and chemical properties, are emerging as promising antimicrobial agents for potential biomedical applications. In this research, different weight percentages of Sr2 + doped amorphous and crystalline Lanthanum Cobaltite (La1-xSrxCoO3 defined as LSCO) (x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15) perovskite was synthesized by using a simple combination of sol-gel and molten-salt processes and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) ensures the uniform morphology of the materials. During antimicrobial study using the Kirby Bauer method, amorphous LSCO showed much better activity than crystalline LSCO against Escherichia coli, Vibrio …
Plant-Mediated Green Synthesis Of Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles: Mechanisms, Properties, And Advanced Applications In Environmental And Biomedical Fields, Rihab Jabbar
Al-Bahir
Recently, plant-mediated green synthesis has emerged as a sustainable, eco-friendly, and cost-effective strategy for synthesizing zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄) nanoparticles (NPs). This review critically examines the advancements in biosynthesizing ZnFe₂O₄ NPs using various plant extracts, including Aloe vera, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Aegle marmelos, Eucalyptus leaves, Tragacanth gum, Piper nigrum, and Moringa oleifera, among others. It emphasizes their dual role as reducing, capping, chelating, and stabilizing agents. The article extensively compares physicochemical properties of the green-synthesized NPs in terms of crystallite size, morphology, magnetic behavior, and band gap energy. Achieved through different synthesis routes such as sol-gel, hydrothermal, co-precipitation, and microwave-assisted methods. …
Requirements Of The Elderly In Interior Design Based On A Survey As A First Stage Of Smart Interior Design, Girges Sidhom, Christine Ezzat Danial
Requirements Of The Elderly In Interior Design Based On A Survey As A First Stage Of Smart Interior Design, Girges Sidhom, Christine Ezzat Danial
HBRC Journal
As the number of the aged in the world is expected to rise dramatically, the built environment should be adjusted to accommodate aging in place, and most of the facilities currently available are inadequate in terms of interior design requirements to support the functional and psychological needs of the aged. The purpose of this study is to establish the design needs of the aged by incorporating smart technology in interior architecture to make them safer and self-reliant. The methodology will apply a descriptive methodology by use of literature review and an analytical approach by use of a questionnaire of 153 …
Design And Construction Of Prestressed Concrete Balanced Cantilever Bridges, Ahmed S. Elareshy, Ashraf M. Osman, Ismail. M. Kamal, Amr A. Abdelrahman
Design And Construction Of Prestressed Concrete Balanced Cantilever Bridges, Ahmed S. Elareshy, Ashraf M. Osman, Ismail. M. Kamal, Amr A. Abdelrahman
HBRC Journal
Balanced cantilever concrete bridges have recently been widely used in mid and long-span bridges. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the development and design of prestressed concrete balanced cantilever (PCBC) bridges, focusing on research related to real case studies of both precast and cast-in-place box-girder bridges investigated through finite element modeling (FEM) or field measurements. The research strategy targeted peer-reviewed journal articles, conference papers, and technical reports published over the last two decades in major engineering databases. Construction methods, design methodology, and structural behavior of this type of bridge are discussed, alongside key findings on long-term response, dynamic performance, …
Voltage Breakdown Strength And Energy Density Of Ceramic Srtio₃ At Cryogenic Temperatures From 295 K To 77 K, Hung Trinh, Alan Devoe, Fatih Dogan
Voltage Breakdown Strength And Energy Density Of Ceramic Srtio₃ At Cryogenic Temperatures From 295 K To 77 K, Hung Trinh, Alan Devoe, Fatih Dogan
Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The low-temperature dependence of the DC dielectric breakdown strength (EBD) and the energy storage density (W) of capacitors, fabricated from high purity polycrystalline strontium titanate, were investigated in the temperature range from 295 K to 77 K. Test samples were constructed with a process similar to that used for multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). The permittivity, loss tangent, leakage current, and breakdown strength were measured as a function of temperature and voltage. Weibull statistical analysis was used to quantify breakdown distributions. Despite electric-field suppression of permittivity, breakdown strength increased significantly with decreasing temperatures, leading to enhanced energy density. The breakdown field …
Axial Sulfur-Coordination Engineering Boosting Fe–N–C Catalysts For High-Performance Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Lin Lin, Xiu-Xuan Hou, Zhe-Chen Fan, Yi-Xuan Yin, Wei-Yi Zhao, Kai Wei, Yu-Die Zhou, Li-Na Hou, Ying Wang, Hao Wan, Jun-Jie Ge
Axial Sulfur-Coordination Engineering Boosting Fe–N–C Catalysts For High-Performance Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Lin Lin, Xiu-Xuan Hou, Zhe-Chen Fan, Yi-Xuan Yin, Wei-Yi Zhao, Kai Wei, Yu-Die Zhou, Li-Na Hou, Ying Wang, Hao Wan, Jun-Jie Ge
Journal of Electrochemistry
Fe-N-C catalysts have long suffered from kinetically sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) due to excessive adsorption strength toward oxygen intermediates and low site utilization. Heteroatom doping effectively accelerates ORR reaction kinetics through electronic structure modulation of metal sites for optimal intermediate adsorption, while chemical vapor deposition (CVD) enhances the turnover frequency (TOF) of active sites. Herein, we developed an FeSNC catalyst featuring abundant FeS1N4 sites via a dual-precursor CVD strategy. Experimental and theoretical analyses revealed that S incorporation disrupts the symmetric coordination of active sites, which optimizes OH* adsorption energies from 0.212 eV to 1.194 eV. Moreover, …
Deciphering The Role Of Binder Reaction Exothermicity In Thermal Runaway Of Lithium-Ion Cells, Wen Wen, Jing-Hong Zhou, Hao-Tian Lu, Xing-Gui Zhou
Deciphering The Role Of Binder Reaction Exothermicity In Thermal Runaway Of Lithium-Ion Cells, Wen Wen, Jing-Hong Zhou, Hao-Tian Lu, Xing-Gui Zhou
Journal of Electrochemistry
Thermal safety associated with lithium-ion cells as power sources remains a critical industry concern. A comprehensive understanding of how internal exothermic side reactions contribute to temperature rise is fundamental for accurately analyzing thermal runaway processes and predicting the thermal safety of lithium-ion cells. While various side-reactions, such as decomposition of solid electrolyte interphase layer, reaction between anode materials and electrolyte, reaction between cathode materials and electrolyte, and electrolyte decomposition, have been identified as heat generation sources in previous studies, the quantification of these reactions remains insufficiently standardized. Particularly, the impact of heat generation from binder decomposition (most commonly polyvinylidene difluoride) …
Entropy Of Metal/Solution Interfaces: Thermodynamic Framework, Theoretical Models, And Roles Of Interfacial Water, Zeng-Ming Zhang, Zi-Xi Liang, Jun Huang
Entropy Of Metal/Solution Interfaces: Thermodynamic Framework, Theoretical Models, And Roles Of Interfacial Water, Zeng-Ming Zhang, Zi-Xi Liang, Jun Huang
Journal of Electrochemistry
Entropy is a basic thermodynamic property of the electrical double layer (EDL) at metal/solution interfaces, yet, its definition, measurement, and theoretical treatment are dispersed in the literature, and, in some cases, ambiguous. In this paper, we revisit the thermodynamic theory of EDL, from which two variants of entropy, excess entropy and formation entropy, are obtained and compared. In terms of the formation entropy, two calculation routes are validated in the context of a primitive EDL model, namely, the Gouy-Chapman (GC) model. After clarifying the concepts and calculation routes, we investigate interfacial water effects on the EDL entropy, using a refined …
Physicochemical Investigation Of Interactions In The Urea – Dl-Alanine System, Suvonkul E. Nurmonov, Saydullo Kh. Azimov
Physicochemical Investigation Of Interactions In The Urea – Dl-Alanine System, Suvonkul E. Nurmonov, Saydullo Kh. Azimov
CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
A comprehensive physicochemical study of the “urea – DL-alanine – water” system was carried out to determine the nature of the interactions between its components. Methods of isomolar series, X-ray phase analysis, thermal analysis, and FTIR spectroscopy were applied. It was found that molecular associates with a stoichiometry of 1:1 are formed in an aqueous solution, as evidenced by deviations in density, viscosity, refractive index, and electrical conductivity from their additive values. In the solid phase, the system represents a mechanical mixture of the initial components without the formation of new crystalline phases. The presence of hydrogen bonds of the …
Extraction Of Metallic Silver In Powder Form From Electronic Wastes, Mastura Kh. Aripova, Umar A. Yakhyaev, Ripsime V. Mkrtchyan, Shoxrux B. Naimov
Extraction Of Metallic Silver In Powder Form From Electronic Wastes, Mastura Kh. Aripova, Umar A. Yakhyaev, Ripsime V. Mkrtchyan, Shoxrux B. Naimov
CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
The research is dedicated to the extraction of silver in powder form from electronic wastes and the selective separation of associated elements through the application of hydrometallurgical methods. The conducted study determined the initial chemical composition of the electrical engineering waste (wt.%): Si – 0.08, Al – 0.133, Fe – 0.021, Mg – 0.614, Cu – 0.005, Zn – 0.02, Ag – 46.9,Zr – 0.557, Ta – 0.004, Pb – 0.003, Mo – 0.002, S – 0.026. A system for the efficient extraction of metals with minimal losses was developed for the selective dissolution of metals such as Cu, Ni, …
Study Of Microstructural Defects Of Drill Bit Teeth Using Microscopic Methods, Odiljon E. Abdurakhmonov, Mastura Kh. Aripova, Orifjon O. Khomidov, Bakhtiyar T. Zakhidov, Amir I. Abidov
Study Of Microstructural Defects Of Drill Bit Teeth Using Microscopic Methods, Odiljon E. Abdurakhmonov, Mastura Kh. Aripova, Orifjon O. Khomidov, Bakhtiyar T. Zakhidov, Amir I. Abidov
CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
The aim of this study is to investigate microstructural defects in drill bit cutting elements, including milled teeth and WC–Co cemented carbide inserts, to clarify their morphology, chemical–phase characteristics, and potential contribution to manufacturing-related defects. To achieve this goal, the study applied a combined approach based on optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS). First, the study examined surface and microstructural features, such as pores, depressions, and local heterogeneities formed during manufacturing. Then, it conducted detailed SEM–EDS analyses of selected local regions, including crack initiation sites. As a result, the study revealed that cutting elements …
Sorption Of Lanthanum(Iii) Ions On Impregnated Solid Extractants, Jaloliddin Q. Abdurashidov, Tadjigul R. Odamova, Maksim A. Kamarou, Zuhra Ch. Kadirova, Shahlo Sh. Daminova
Sorption Of Lanthanum(Iii) Ions On Impregnated Solid Extractants, Jaloliddin Q. Abdurashidov, Tadjigul R. Odamova, Maksim A. Kamarou, Zuhra Ch. Kadirova, Shahlo Sh. Daminova
CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
The aim of this work was to obtain solid extractants by impregnating the organic reagent 1-phenyl-1,3-butadione (BNA) onto carriers based on styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers (PAD600, PAD400) as well as activated carbon, and to investigate the sorption isotherms of La³⁺ ions under static conditions. The structure of the sorbents before and after La³⁺ ion sorption was studied using SEM-EDX and IR spectroscopy. The parameters of sorption extraction of La³⁺ ions, including extraction degree, sorbent capacity, and distribution coefficient, were evaluated. It was established that the PAD600-BNA sorbent exhibits the most favorable sorption properties toward La3+ ions.