Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

Predicting The Near Field Underwater Explosion Response Of Coated Composite Cylinders Using Multiscale Simulations, Experiments, And Machine Learning, Sumeru Nayak, Gideon A. Lyngdoh, Arun Shukla, Sumanta Das

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

Prediction of underwater explosion response of coated composite cylinders using machine learning (ML) requires a large, consistent, accurate, and representative dataset. However, such reliable large experimental dataset is not

readily available. Besides, the ML algorithms need to abide by the fundamental laws of physics to avoid non- physical predictions. To address these challenges, this paper synergistically integrates ML with high- throughput multiscale finite element (FE) simulations to predict the response of coated composite cylinders

subjected to nearfield underwater explosion. The simulated responses from the multiscale approach correlate very well with the experimental observations. After validation of the multiscale approach, a …

Advances In Mechanical Metamaterials For Vibration Isolation: A Review, Mohammed Al Rifaie, Hasanain Abdulhadi, Ahsan Mian

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

The adverse effect of mechanical vibration is inevitable and can be observed in machine components either on the long- or short-term of machine life-span based on the severity of oscillation. This in turn motivates researchers to find solutions to the vibration and its harmful influences through developing and creating isolation structures. The isolation is of high importance in reducing and controlling the high-amplitude vibration. Over the years, porous materials have been explored for vibration damping and isolation. Due to the closed feature and the non-uniformity in the structure, the porous materials fail to predict the vibration energy absorption and the …

Investigation Of Mechanical Properties Of Parts Fabricated With Gas- And Water-Atomized 304l Stainless Steel Powder In The Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process, M. Hossein Sehhat, Austin T. Sutton, Chia Hung Hung, Joseph William Newkirk, Ming-Chuan Leu

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The use of gas-atomized powder as the feedstock material for the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process is common in the additive manufacturing (AM) community. Although gas-atomization produces powder with high sphericity, its relatively expensive production cost is a downside for application in AM processes. Water atomization of powder may overcome this limitation due to its low-cost relative to the gas-atomization process. In this work, gas- and water-atomized 304L stainless steel powders were morphologically characterized through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The water-atomized powder had a wider particle size distribution and exhibited less sphericity. Measuring powder flowability using the Revolution Powder …

4,6-O-Phenylethylidene Acetal Protected D-Glucosamine Carbamate-Based Gelators And Their Applications For Multi-Component Gels, Pooja Sharma, Guijun Wang

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The self-assembly of carbohydrate-based low molecular weight gelators has led to useful advanced soft materials. The interactions of the gelators with various cations and anions are important in creating novel molecular architectures and expanding the scope of the small molecular gelators. In this study, a series of thirteen new C-2 carbamates of the 4,6-O-phenylethylidene acetalprotected D-glucosamine derivatives has been synthesized and characterized. These compounds are rationally designed from a common sugar template. All carbamates synthesized were found to be efficient gelators and three compounds are also hydrogelators. The resulting gels were characterized using optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, …

Analysis Of Microscopic Carbon Fiber Fragments, Zachary R. Scott

Theses and Dissertations

Carbon Fiber (CF) has different tensile strengths and transverse moduli depending on how they are fabricated. Some CF is export controlled as it can be used for weapons, spacecraft, or gas centrifuges for enriching nuclear fuel. This research project explored a new way to prepare micron sized single CF threads to measure their transverse modulus and compare the moduli of non-export controlled CF to that of an export controlled CF. Five total polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were used in this project, one of which was an export controlled fiber.

Towards The Integration Of Ferroelectric Negative Capacitance With Gallium Oxide Semiconductors For High Power Applications, Guillermo A. Salcedo

Theses and Dissertations

Gallium oxide is a relatively new semiconductor material with characteristics auspicious for high frequency and high-voltage applications. Although several research groups have already demonstrated radio-frequency (RF) devices on Ga₂O₃ with remarkable features, there is still room for improvement. For instance, the operating frequency of RF field-effect transistors (FET) decreases with the parasitic capacitance, which can be counteracted by higher gate capacitance. Implementing ferroelectric dielectrics with suitable parameters in Ga₂O₃ FET promises to enhance the gate capacitance and therefore increase operating frequency. This work investigated the effect of various factors (film composition, film thickness, TiN …

Manufacturing Of A Ceramic Turbine Rotor For A Compact Jet Engine, Bryan T. Leicht

Theses and Dissertations

The primary goal of this study was to develop a low-cost, timely, scalable manufacturing method that produced a ceramic turbine that can be tested as a drop-in replacement on a JetCat P400 small scale gas turbine engine. This research compared two processes for manufacturing a ceramic turbine utilizing a pour casting method and 3D printing using stereolithography ceramic manufacturing (SLCM). The pour casting method used Silicon Nitride to create a cast turbine using a sacrificial 3D printed mold. The SLCM method evaluated producing an alumina turbine using an ADMATEC Admaflex 300 SLCM printer to directly print a ceramic turbine. This …

Formulation And Characterization Of Fast-Curing Plastic Scintillators With High-Z Loading, Theodore W. Stephens

Theses and Dissertations

Development of novel fast-curing plastic scintillators is highly advantageous due to their potential to be manufactured via 3D printing. Several formulations were developed that exhibit enhanced photon sensitivity, producing modest but discernible photopeaks at an incident gamma energy of 122 keV. The photon sensitivity is achieved via bismuth high-Z loading; however, this practice typically results in diminished light yields. Subsequent formulations, which varied the photoinitiator concentration and curing time, demonstrated successful curing with sufficient plastic hardness, reduced purple discoloration, reduced heat buildup during curing, and resulted in less cracking during the curing process, all of which were correlated with lower …

Potential Solution To Meet Growing Demands Of Refractory Metal: Selective Laser Melting Of Molybdenum-Tungsten Alloy, Jae Yu

Theses and Dissertations

Selective laser melting (SLM) of refractory metals has been of high interest in research due to the metals’ potential desirable characteristics in aeronautical and space applications. In particular, molybdenum and tungsten have been the focus of several studies in the search for high temperature and high strength purposes in applications like supersonic aircraft, re-entry vehicles, nuclear fission, power generation, and other space systems. However, there is still a significant knowledge gap to process defect-free alloys and making use of them in practical engineering functions. The aim of this study is to characterize the relationship between the microstructure and mechanical properties …

Determination Of Nonlinear Optical Properties For Gallium Arsenide Phosphide Ternary Compounds And For Tin Thiohypodiphosphate, Peter F. Norris

Theses and Dissertations

The Department of Defense and the commercial sector rely on coherent light sources to emit light that transmits through the atmosphere. Nonlinear optical effects in crystalline materials can be used to generate the laser waves, but certain nonlinear effects negatively impact the performance of laser generating materials. This thesis focuses on characterizing nonlinear optical properties for gallium arsenide phosphide ternary compounds and for tin thiohypodiphosphate. The Maker Fringe experiment is used to determine the d-coefficients of the materials, which describe the magnitude of the nonlinear response of the material. The Z-Scan experiment is used to calculate the nonlinear refractive …

Thermal Considerations For Film Cooling Materials With Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity, Carol E. Bryant

Theses and Dissertations

Higher performance requirements and reduced core sizes are driving increases in turbine inlet temperature in gas turbine engines, surpassing the melting point of advanced materials. Newer materials, such as composites, are being introduced into the hot sections of gas turbine engines. Components in the hot section use film cooling to prevent melting. One unique aspect of some high-temperature composites is they have a bulk anisotropic thermal conductivity, therefore heat flow differs relative to traditional metallic components. Film cooling designs can be revolutionized by leveraging anisotropy in high-temperature materials. The purpose of this research is to examine thermal considerations for using …

Recent Advances In Electrochemical Kinetics Simulations And Their Applications In Pt-Based Fuel Cells, Ji-Li Li, Ye-Fei Li, Zhi-Pan Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Theoretical simulations of electrocatalysis are vital for understanding the mechanism of the electrochemical process at the atomic level. It can help to reveal the in-situ structures of electrode surfaces and establish the microscopic mechanism of electrocatalysis, thereby solving the problems such as electrode oxidation and corrosion. However, there are still many problems in the theoretical electrochemical simulations, including the solvation effects, the electric double layer, and the structural transformation of electrodes. Here we review recent advances of theoretical methods in electrochemical modeling, in particular, the double reference approach, the periodic continuum solvation model based on the modified Poisson-Boltzmann …

Recent Advances In Structural Regulation On Non-Precious Metal Catalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction In Alkaline Electrolytes, Xue Wang, Li Zhang, Chang-Peng Liu, Jun-Jie Ge, Jian-Bing Zhu, Wei Xing

Journal of Electrochemistry

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline electrolytes is an important electrochemical process for metal-air batteries and anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). However, the sluggish kinetics spurs intensive research on searching robust electrocatalysts. Non-precious metal catalysts (NPMCs) that can circumvent the cost and scarcity issues associated with platinum (Pt)-based materials have been pursued and the challenges lie in the performance improvement to rival Pt-based benchmarks. As the composition and structure of the NPMCs have a significant impact on the catalytic performance, precise regulation on the catalyst structure holds great promise to bridge the activity gap between NPMCs and Pt-based benchmarks. …

Selective Co2 Reduction To Formate On Heterostructured Sn/Sno2 Nanoparticles Promoted By Carbon Layer Networks, Xue Teng, Yanli Niu, Shuaiqi Gong, Xuan Liu, Zuofeng Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Tin (Sn)-based materials have emerged as promising electrocatalysts for selective reduction of CO₂ to formate, but their overall performances are still limited by electrode structures which govern the accessibility to active sites, the electron transfer kinetics, and the catalytic stability. In this study, the heterostructured Sn/SnO₂ nanoparticles dispersed by N-doped carbon layer networks (Sn/SnO₂@NC) were synthesized by a melt-recrystallization method taking the low melting point of Sn (m.p. 232^oC). The N-doped carbon layer networks derived from polydopamine could attract more electrons on the electrocatalyst, serve as conductive agents and protect the ultrafine nanoparticles from …

Structural Degradation Of Ni-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode For Li-Ion Batteries, Jia-Yi Wang, Sheng-Nan Guo, Xin Wang, Lin Gu, Dong Su

Journal of Electrochemistry

Nickel(Ni)-rich layered oxide has been regarded as one of the most important cathode materials for the lithium-ion batteries because of its low cost and high energy density. However, the concerns in safety and durability of this compound are still challenging for its further development. On this account, the in-depth understanding in the structural factors determining its capacity attenuation is essential. In this review, we summarize the recent advances on the degradation mechanisms of Ni-rich layered oxide cathode. Progresses in the structure evolution of Ni-rich oxide are carefully combed in terms of inner evolution, surface evolution, and the property under thermal …

Magnetic Resonance In Metal-Ion Batteries: From Nmr (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) To Epr (Electron Paramagnetic Resonance), Bing-Wen Hu, Chao Li, Fu-Shan Geng, Ming Shen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Metal-ion batteries have changed our quotidian lives. The research on the electrode materials for metal-ion battery is the key to improve the performance of the battery. Therefore, understanding the structure-performance relationship of the electrode materials can help to improve the energy density and power density of the materials. Magnetic resonance, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), has been continuously improved during the past three decades, and has gradually become one of the important technologies to study the structure-performance relationship of electrode materials. This paper summarizes the progress of magnetic resonance research from our group on several …

Facet Dependent Oxygen Evolution Activity Of Spinel Cobalt Oxides, Li-Hua Zhang, Hong-Yuan Chuai, Hai Liu, Qun Fan, Si-Yu Kuang, Sheng Zhang, Xin-Bin Ma

Journal of Electrochemistry

Water splitting is a promising technology to produce clean hydrogen if powered by renewable energies, where oxygen evolution is the rate determining step at an anode. Here we adjust the different crystal planes of the cobalt oxides catalyst to expose more effective active sites through a hydrothermal process, so as to improve the reaction activity for oxygen evolution. The samples were well characterized by TEM, SEM and XRD. Among the three synthetic crystal planes (100), (111) and (110) of spinel cobalt oxides, the (100) crystal plane has the highest intrinsic activity. Combining in-situ infrared and DFT calculations, we …

Mass Loading Optimization For Ethylene Glycol Oxidation At Different Potential Regions, Sheng-Nan Sun, Zhi-Chuan Xu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Designing and fabricating the electrocatalysts is attracting more and more attention in recent years due to a global interest in developing techniques for electrochemical energy conversion and storage, as well as elelectro-synthesis of valuable chemicals. The activity is one of the key performance parameters for electrocatalysts, while the observed activity can be affected by mass loading of electrocatalysts. Here, we take cobalt oxide (Co₃O₄)/graphite paper electrode (Co₃O₄/GPE) as a model electrode to demon-strate how the mass loading of Co₃O₄ catalyst influences ethylene glycol (EG) oxidation in alkaline (KOH) by …

Dissolution Amplification By Resonance And Cavitational Stimulation At Ultrasonic And Megasonic Frequencies, Ross A. Arnold, Shiqi Dong, Longwen Tang, Dale Prentice, Marie Collin, Juan Carlos Vega-Vila, Amaya Hernandez, Erika Callagon La Plante, Kirk Ellison, Aditya Kumar, Samanvaya Srivastava, Mathieu Bauchy, Dante Simonetti, Gaurav N. Sant

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Acoustic stimulation offers a green pathway for the extraction of valuable elements such as Si, Ca, and Mg via solubilization of minerals and industrial waste materials. Prior studies have focused on the use of ultrasonic frequencies (20-40 kHz) to stimulate dissolution, but mega sonic frequencies (≥1 MHz) offer benefits such as matching of the resonance frequencies of solute particles and an increased frequency of cavitation events. Here, based on dissolution tests of a series of minerals, it is found that dissolution under resonance conditions produced dissolution enhancements between 4x-to-6x in Si-rich materials (obsidian, albite, and quartz). Cavitational collapse induced by …

Influence Of Hydrophobicity On Excitonic Coupling In Dna-Templated Indolenine Squaraine Dye Aggregates, Olga A. Mass, Christopher K. Wilson, German Barcenas, Lan Li, Bernard Yurke, William B. Knowlton, Ryan D. Pensack, Jeunghoon Lee

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Control over the strength of excitonic coupling in molecular dye aggregates is a substantial factor for the development of technologies such as light harvesting, optoelectronics, and quantum computing. According to the molecular exciton model, the strength of excitonic coupling is inversely proportional to the distance between dyes. Covalent DNA templating was proved to be a versatile tool to control dye spacing on a subnanometer scale. To further expand our ability to control photophysical properties of excitons, here, we investigated the influence of dye hydrophobicity on the strength of excitonic coupling in squaraine aggregates covalently templated by DNA Holliday Junction (DNA …

Effect Of Processing Parameters And Build Orientation On Microstructure And Performance Of Aisi Stainless Steel 304l Made With Selective Laser Melting Under Different Strain Rates, Tan Pan, Xinchang Zhang, Aaron Flood, Sreekar Karnati, Wei Li, Joseph William Newkirk, Frank W. Liou

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Selective laser melting (SLM) process allows greater geometry flexibility; therefore, it has become more widespread in its deployment in the industry for fabricating metal alloys. However, a material characterization study is needed in order to understand better the correlation between the process, microstructure, and performance. In the current study, the raw SLM fabricated AISI stainless steel 304 L was fabricated with different processing parameters and build orientations (horizontal, inclined, and vertical). The tensile behavior was evaluated under different strain rates (0.0001/s, 0.001/s, 0.01/s, and 0.1/s) and then compared to commercial cold-rolled and annealed counterparts. Grain structures, tensile strength, elongation-to-failure, strain …

Control Of High-Temperature Static And Transient Thermomechanical Behavior Of Simo Ductile Iron By Al Alloying, Semen Naumovich Lekakh, Catherine E. Johnson, L. Godlewski, Mei Li

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Silicon and molybdenum (SiMo) ductile iron is commonly used for exhaust manifolds because these components experience thermal cycling in oxidizing environment, which requires resistance to fatigue during transient thermomechanical loads. Previous studies have demonstrated that alloying elements, such as Al, to SiMo ductile iron reduces the amount of surface degradation during static high-temperature exposure. However, deterioration of sphericity of the graphite nodules and a decrease in ductility could affect the tendency of cracking during thermal cycling. In this article, the effect of Al alloying on static and transient thermomechanical behavior of SiMo ductile iron was investigated to optimize the amount …

Detonation Synthesis Of Nanoscale Silicon Carbide From Elemental Silicon, Martin J. Langenderfer, Yue Zhou, Jeremy Lee Watts, William Fahrenholtz, Catherine E. Johnson

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Direct reaction of precursors with the products of detonation remains an underexplored area in the ever-growing body of detonation synthesis literature. This study demonstrated the synthesis of silicon carbide during detonation by reaction of elemental silicon with carbon products formed from detonation of RDX/TNT mixtures. Continuum scale simulation of the detonation showed that energy transfer by the detonation wave was completed within 2–9 μs depending on location of measurement within the detonating explosive charge. The simulated environment in the detonation product flow beyond the Chapman-Jouguet condition where pressure approaches 27 GPa and temperatures reach 3300 K was thermodynamically suitable for …

The Effect Of Sodium Polymethacrylate On The Rheology Of The Positive Paste And Performance Of The Lead-Acid Battery, Julian Kosacki, Dimitri Feys, Fatih Dogan

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Strategy For Conjugating Oligopeptides To Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Using Diazirine-Based Heterobifunctional Linkers, Md Arif Khan, Ramy W. Ghanim, Maelyn R. Kiser, Mahsa Moradipour, Dennis T. Rogers, John M. Littleton, Luke H. Bradley, Bert C. Lynn, Stephen E. Rankin, Barbara L. Knutson

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Successful strategies for the attachment of oligopeptides to mesoporous silica with pores large enough to load biomolecules should utilize the high surface area of pores to provide an accessible, protective environment. A two-step oligopeptide functionalization strategy is examined here using diazirine-based heterobifunctional linkers. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) with average pore diameter of ~8 nm and surface area of ~730 m²/g were synthesized and amine-functionalized. Tetrapeptides Gly-Gly-Gly-Gly (GGGG) and Arg-Ser-Ser-Val (RSSV), and a peptide comprised of four copies of RSSV (4RSSV), were covalently attached via their N-terminus to the amine groups on the particle surface by a heterobifunctional linker, …

Special Topic On Materials And Devices For 5g Electronics, Nathan D. Orloff, Rick Ubic, Michael Lanagan

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Next generation communications are inspiring entirely new applications in education, healthcare, and transportation. These applications are only possible because of improvements in latency, data rates, and connectivity in the latest generation. Behind these improvements are new materials and devices that operate at much higher frequencies than ever before, a trend that is likely to continue.

Study Of Various Quality Characteristics Of Polyester Fibers Obtained On The Basis Of Primary And Secondary Polyethylene Terephthalate, Samida Ernzarova, Asror Juraev, Muzaffar Alimukhamedov, Farhod Magrupov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of study is comprehensive determination of various quality characteristics of polyester fibers obtained on the basis of primary and secondary polyethylene terephthalate. The analysis of the raw material base of pre-oriented yarns (POY) threads has been carried out. The technological, physicomechanical properties, as well as the structure of the primary and secondary polyethylene terephthalate used in the production of the threads have been studied. The structure and properties of polyethylene terephthalate changed: the properties were worse, the structure were amorphous, the molecular weight decreased. The structure of recycled polyethylene terephthalate changed as a result of technological conversions in …

Мulti-Layer Fibrous Material Based On Textile Waste, Sevara Alimkhanova, Nodir Mirzaev, Adham Rafikov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

At the textile and sewing and knitting enterprises of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the number of which increases every year, a sufficient amount of technological waste is accumulated, which formed in the processes of sizing yarn, starting and setting up equipment, designing and sewing products. Meanwhile, there is a shortage of warm, comfortable, light, soft lining materials for clothes and shoes based on natural raw materials. With the purpose of rational use of textile waste - shredded, disheveled scraps of fabric and knitwear, a multilayer nonwoven material for details of clothing and footwear has been obtained. The material formed by …

Spectral Features And Hydrogen Bond Structure Of Aqueous Solutions Of Ethanol, Dilbar Bozorova, Shukur Gofurov, Mavlonbek Ziyayev, Abdulmutallib Kokhkharov, Oksana Ismailova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of this work is develop an approach that makes it possible to study the spectral properties and structure of intermolecular hydrogen bonds in aqueous solutions of ethanol formed in systems whose existence in a gaseous medium or an isolated state is practically impossible. This approach bases on the combined use of infrared spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) methods. An analysis give the structural reorganization of water molecules depending on the concentration of ethanol alcohol. It has been shown that the method of molecular dynamics with classical force fields makes it possible to explicitly take into account the molecules …

Determination Of The Stability Of Complex Compounds Of Copper (Ii), Zinc (Ii), Cadmium (Ii) And Silver (I) With Covalently Immobilized Sulfur Contain Ligands, Sherzod Kasimov, Khayit Turaev, Abdulakhat Jalilov, Farkhod Narmuratov, Zulkhumor Jumayeva

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of this study is to determine the stability of the obtained coordination compounds of some d-metals with covalent immobilized sulfur-containing ligands. To achieve this goal, coordination compounds of copper (II), zinc (II), cadmium (II) and silver (I) ions with covalent immobilized sulfur-containing ligands - О,О-di- (2-aminoethyl) -dithiophosphate potassium - polyester matrix (KD2AEDTP-PEM), O,O-di- (2-aminoethyl) -dithiophosphate potassium - carbamide-formaldehyde matrix (KD2AEDTP-KFM). Studies were carried out to determine the acid-base properties of covalent-immobilized sulfur-containing ligands - KD2AEDTP-PEM, KD2AEDTP-KFM and the concentration stability of the obtained coordination compounds with ions of copper (II), zinc (II), cadmium (II), and silver (I). Based …