Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

Synthesis And Characterization Of Thermoresponsive Hydrogels Based On N-Isopropylacrylamide Crosslinked With 4,4′-Dihydroxybiphenyl Diacrylate, Shuo Tang, Martha Floy, Rohit Bhandari, Manjula Sunkara, Andrew J. Morris, Thomas D. Dziubla, J. Zach Hilt

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

A novel crosslinker [4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl diacrylate (44BDA)] was developed, and a series of temperature-responsive hydrogels were synthesized through free radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) with 44BDA. The temperature-responsive behavior of the resulting gels was characterized by swelling studies, and the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the hydrogels was characterized through differential scanning calorimetry. Increased content of 44BDA led to a decreased swelling ratio and shifted the LCST to lower temperatures. These novel hydrogels also displayed resiliency through multiple swelling–deswelling cycles, and their temperature responsiveness was reversible. The successful synthesis of NIPAAm-based hydrogels crosslinked with 44BDA has led to a …

Energy Potentials Of Briquette Produced From Tannery Solid Waste, Olatunde Ajani Oyelaran, Faralu Muhammed Sani, Olawale Monsur Sanusi, Olusegun Balogun, Adeyinka Okeowo Fagbemigun

Makara Journal of Technology

The vast quantity of waste generated from industries is one of the serious outcomes of unplanned development, resulting into quantum of hazardous organic and inorganic waste generating daily. Proper waste management is a challenging issue that must be addressed adequately. This is, therefore, carried out with a view of assessing the energy and combustion quality of tannery solid waste with a view of converting them into briquettes for cooking, heating and small home industries and reducing the menace caused by tannery waste disposal. The results of the experiments showed that the combustion rate ranged between 0.171 and 0.217 g/min, the …

Indonesia’S Municipal Solid Waste 3r And Waste To Energy Programs, Farizal Farizal, Radityo Aji, Amar Rachman, Nasruddin Nasruddin, Teuku Meurah Indra Mahlia

Makara Journal of Technology

Like most cities in the world, population in Indonesia continues to grow every year. Problems that can arise from this are the increasing amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) production and the growing demand for electricity. To deal with the problems, Indonesian government runs 3R (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) and WTE (Waste to Energy) Programs simultaneously. 3R program aims to reduce the number of waste, while WTE program aims to generate electricity as an alternative energy source. This study aims to find out the optimal proportion of MSW treated through the 3R and WTE programs. For the purpose, a goal …

Adsorption Of Cu(Ii) Ions In Aqueous Solution Onto Limonia Acidissima Shellbased Activated Carbon: Kinetic And Isotherm Studies, Abrar Muslim, Syahiddin Dahlan Said, Gita Suci Hariati, Siti Fajar Karina, Fauzi Muhammad Djuned, Rizka Mulyawan

Makara Journal of Technology

Adsorption of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution using activated carbon prepared from Limonia acidissima fruit shell (LAFS-AC) was conducted in batch mode experiments at pH 5 (±0.15), 100 rpm and 1 atm. The effects of contact time, initial Cu(II) ions concentration, KOH concentration, and adsorption temperature on Cu(II) ions adsorption capacity were investigated. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy analyses were performed to investigate the active site and surface morphology of the LAFS-AC, respectively. The Cu(II) ions adsorption was fitted very well (R2 = 0.94 on average) to the pseudo second-order adsorption kinetic with the adsorption capacity and …

Experimental Study On Automatic Control For Collision Avoidance Of Ships, Daeng Paroka, Muhammad Fahmi Kamil, Andi Haris Muhammad

Makara Journal of Technology

Automatic control system is widely applied to control the ship direction or heading angle in accordance with the decided trajectory. Several methods for improving performance of control system have been developed such as Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control and fuzzy logic based control. Within the last decade, application of automatic control system is not only for ship navigation but also for avoiding collision risk of ships in seaways. This paper discusses the application of automatic control system for avoiding ship collision by free running experiment. Fuzzy logic based control was developed using Mamdani Centroid method to estimate the necessary rudder angle in …

Study On Semiconductor Properties Of Acetylide-Thiourea Fabricated Onto Interdigitated Electrodes (Ides) Platform Towards Application In Gas Sensing Technology, Adibah Izzati Daud, Wan M. Khairul, M. I. N. Isa, Khairul Anuar Abdul Wahid

Makara Journal of Technology

In the past few decades, the unique properties of acetylide and thiourea moieties individually have attracted great attention from researchers in various fields to be developed in numerous applications in advanced materials technology, especially as an active layer in gas sensing devices. The molecular systems of acetylide and thiourea provide a wide range of electronic properties as they possess rigid π-systems in their designated structures. In this study, a derivative of acetylide-thiourea featuring N-(4[4-aminophenyl] ethynyl benzonitrile)-N’-(4-ethyl benzoyl) thiourea (TCN) has been synthesised with the general formula of ArC(O)NHC(S)NHC≡C)Ar adopted the system of D-π-A for the significant development of conductive materials. …

Experimental Study Of The Chimney Height Variation Against Double Pots Biomass Stove Performance, Faisal Faisal, Adi Setiawan, Wusnah Wusnah, Khairil Khairil, Luthfi Luthfi, Mona Fajriana

Makara Journal of Technology

This research aims to get optimal chimneys height of double pots biomass stove. Optimal chimneys height needs to provide best performance of the stove. Experimental study was done by varied the chimney heights. Water boiling test as the standard method was used to obtained stove performance for each chimney height variation. The results showed that best performance stove was the one with 1.65 cm chimney height, with thermal efficiency at 37.66%.

Assessment On Heck-Immine Derivatives As Organic Semiconductor Materials, Rafizah Rahamathullah, Lim Keemi, Wan M. Khairul

Makara Journal of Technology

This paper reports the synthetic, characterization and theoretical evaluation of new class of hybrid Heck-immine system involving mixed moieties of vinylene (C=C) and azomethines (CH=N) which has been successfully integrated into an addition of organic semiconducting materials. The assessment of 4-[(hexyloxyphenyl)methylene]amino)-4’-chloro-stilbene (HEXCS) based on Donor (D)-π-Acceptor (A) was evaluated as active semiconductor material candidates via several spectroscopic and analytical techniques. In turn, the investigation of its potential as dopant system in conductive film was successfully deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated substrate via spin coating method. The relationship between electronic and optical properties, chemical modelling at molecular interactions and …

Innovation Of Hydrocarbon Investigation Using Audio-Magnetotelluric In Cepu Field, Indonesia, Iqbal Fauzi Aditama, Widodo Widodo

Makara Journal of Technology

An audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) survey has been performed at Cepu oil field located in Indonesia. The objective of this research is to detect resistivity structures of this important hydrocarbon rock. This research can be classified as an innovation in application of the AMT method for hydrocarbon exploration. The lack of seismic resolution has been provided by the AMT method, especially in the location of sub-basalt and sub-salt plays. In additional, the cost of AMT survey is quite low compared to seismic. The forward modelling is included in this research to understand the measurement data response from a mathematical model. In the …

Investigation Of The Durability Of Sisal Fiber/Pla Biocomposite Through Evaluation Of Biodegradability By Means Of Microbial Growth, T Kittikorn, S Kongsuwan, R Malakul

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The aim of this work was to investigate the microbial biodegradation of 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (TPM) modified (silanized) sisal fibres/PLA biocomposites by Aspergillus niger. The modification of the sisal fibres performed excellently, improving hydrophobicity as well as mechanical properties. Compared to the unmodified sisal/PLA biocomposite, it produced superior interfacial adhesion between the fibres and the PLA matrix. In addition, silanization also increased the crystal size and crystallinity in the biocomposite, which decreased thermal decomposition to an observed maximal activation energy of 213 kJ/mol. This indicated the stability of silanized sisal biocomposite in resisting degradation. After the microbial growth test, despite …

Extended Lamer Synthesis Of Cobalt Doped Ferrite, Benjamin D. Fellows, Sarah Sandler, Jacob Livingston, Kristin Fuller, Lotanna Nwandu, Sarah Timmis, Kayla A. Lantz, Morgan Stefik, O. Thompson Mefford

Publications

Nonstoichiometric cobalt ferrite nanoparticles have drawn interest in magnetically mediated energy delivery due to their high magnetocrystalline anisotropy and their high peak loss frequency. The use of an extended LaMer synthesis allows for size control of the doped particles up to a threshold core diameter of 18 nm. Above this diameter, particles become unstable and drop out of suspension, allowing for further nucleation events to occur. This leads to a cyclic nucleation, growth, and destabilization regime seen during the course of the reaction. Using the size control of the extended LaMer synthesis technique, we examine the specific absorption rate (SAR) …

Investigation Of Thermophysical Properties Of Enhanced Molten Salt Nanofluids For Thermal Energy Storage (Tes) In Concentrated Solar Power (Csp) Systems, Joohyun Seo

Material Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies have a great economical and technical potential for energy production in future. Its incorporation with thermal energy storage (TES) overcomes one of the biggest challenges in most renewable energy technologies, the intermittency of energy supply by natural resources. TES with 15-hour storage capacity is already commercialized to operate a CSP plant for 24 hours a day. When the sunlight is concentrated by mirrors into a small focal point, a heat transfer fluid (HTF) transfers the collected heat to a turbine or an engine to produce electricity and any surplus heat to a TES unit for …

Development Of Plasma Functionalized Nano-Additives For Oils And Study Of Their Tribological Properties, Vinay Sharma

Material Science and Engineering Dissertations - Archive

Lubricants used in motor engines contain various chemical species to help enhance energy efficiency and provide increased longevity. Unfortunately, at the same time, these additives become a source of catalytic poisoning, thus increasing emissions from the tailpipe. With growing concern for the negative impacts of human activities on the environment, regulatory bodies for the automobile lubrication industry have set up strict guidelines for chemical compositions of their end products, including engine oils. This research work is a step towards development of a new class of lubricant additives, which are less harmful to the environment and, simultaneously, also reduce friction and …

Design, Analysis, And Application Of A Cellular Material/Structure Model For Metal Based Additive Manufacturing Process., Shanshan Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Powder bed fusion additive manufacturing (PBF-AM) has been broadly utilized to fabricate lightweight cellular structures, which have promising potentials in many engineering applications such as biomedical prosthesis, aerospace, and architectural structures due to their high performance-to-weight ratios and unique property tailorabilities. To date, there is still a lack of adequate understanding of how the cellular materials are influenced by both the geometry designs and process parameters, which significantly hinders the effective design of cellular structures fabricated by PBF-AM for critical applications. This study aims to demonstrate a cellular structure design methodology that integrates geometrical design and process-material property designs. Utilizing …

Artificial Olfactory System For Multi-Component Analysis Of Gas Mixtures., Alexander Aleksandrovich Larin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Gas analysis is an important part of our world and gas sensing technology is becoming more essential for various aspects of our life. A novel approach for gas mixture analysis by using portable gas chromatography in combination with an array of highly integrated and selective metal oxide (MOX) sensors has been studied. We developed a system with small size (7 x 13 x 16 inches), low power consumption (~10 W) and absence of special carrier gases designed for portable field analysis (assuming apriori calibration). Low ppb and even sub-ppb level of detection for some VOCs was achieved during the analysis …

Usa Boccia Ball Ramp For Athletes With Quadriplegia, Alissa A. Koukourikos, Matthew Lee, Nathan Bernards

Mechanical Engineering

In this report, the design process in creating an assistive device for Boccia Classification 3 (BC3) players is outlined. The initial research steps, including research into the rules of the game, capabilities of the players, and existing products is documented to show where ideas for the product stemmed from. This transitions into requirements that the sponsor requested, and preliminary designs and ideas for the product. Finally, this report explains the details of the final design, which has been analyzed for safety, ease of use, and ability to function under different conditions. The processes of manufacturing and testing will also be …

Antibacterial Activity Of Zno Nanoparticles On Silica Thin Film For Wastewater Treatment, S Chanrawangyot, S Rattanachan, A Watcharenwong, T Fangsuwannarak

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Zinc Oxide nanoparticles on silica matrix thin films were prepared by the Sol-gel method and dip coating on ceramic tiles. In this study, EC (Ethyl cellulose) and TP (alpha-terpineol) used as a binder and a solvent in Sol-gel method, respectively, were studied on the characteristics of thin films. The thin films were dried and calcined at the temperature of 500, 600˚C soaking 30 minutes with the heating rate of 1˚C/minutes. The result of Glancing X-Ray Diffraction showed that thin films were ZnO phase on the amorphous phase of silica matrix. Scanning electron microscope showed the ZnO nanoparticles dispersed on thin …

Properties Of Natural Rubber Latex Filled With Bacterial Cellulose Produced From Pineapple Peels, T Saowapark, E Chaichana, A Jaturapiree

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is natural biopolymers with unique properties such as high purity and high tensile strength. These properties considerably support for use as filler in rubber applications. In this research, BC was produced from fermentation by Acetobacter xylinum. Additionally, pineapple peels (agricultural waste) were evaluated for carbon sources in BC's production process. Natural rubber latex (NRL) compound was then incorporated BC with various loadings of 0, 5, 10 and 15 phr (parts per hundred of rubber) for enhancement properties of NRL. Furthermore, NRL filled with BC (NRL-BC) compounds were prevulcanized at 70°C for 2 hours and then NRL-BC sheets …

Physical And Optical Properties Of 20cao-(80-X)B2o3-Xzno Glass System, N Jearnkulprasert, O Chaemlek, N Wantana, J Kaewkhao

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The 20CaO-(80-x)B2O3-xZnO glasses were prepared by melt quenching technique (where x=0, 5, 15 and 20 mol%) in order to study in the physical and optical properties. These glass compositions were heated to 1200 ºC for 3 hours and annealed at 500ºC for 3 hours. Clear glass samples were obtained from these compositions. The density, molar volume, refractive index, optical spectra (in the wavelength of 190-1100 nm), optical band gap, optical basicity and polarizability of glass samples have been investigated in this work.

Optical Flow Method For Blood Flow Velocimetry Based On Digital X-Ray Subtraction Angiography: A Brief Review, Zifeng Yang

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Detailed blood flow information has been recognized as the key information for diagnosis of vascular diseases, such as vascular stenosis and aneurysms. Optical flow method (OFM) is an emergent technique as a tool to analyze the digital x-ray subtraction angiographic images of blood vessels to obtain the detailed blood flow distribution in vascular systems. A brief review isconstructed to discuss the status, applicability, accuracy and future direction of the optical flow technique in the physical study of vascular flow.

Material Properties Design Using Simulations And Experiments For Powder Injection Molding Of Lead Zirconate Titanate (Pzt)., Bhushan Pramod Bandiwadekar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Powder injection molding (PIM) process simulations can be performed to minimize the number of injection molding experiments by estimating material properties necessary for PIM simulations. In current work, lead zirconate titanate (PZT) powder-polymer binder feedstock was compounded for 45 vol. % and 52 vol. % solids loading. PIM experiments on designed micro-pillar array geometry were performed using 52 vol. % PZT. Using PIM experiments results as basis, PIM simulations were performed on designed micro-pillar array geometries to understand the effectiveness of PIM simulations with the use of estimated feedstock properties in predicting molding behavior that have micro-features. Additionally, PIM simulations …

A High Quality And Quantity Hybrid Perovskite Quantum Dots (Cspbx3, X= Cl, Br And I) Powders Synthesis Via Ionic Displacement, Yuhang Yin, Weiling Luan, Chengxi Zhang, Fuqian Yang

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Recently, all-inorganic perovskites CsPbX₃ (X= Cl, Br and I) quantum dots (QDs) have drawn great attentions because of their PL spectra tunable over the whole visible spectral region (400-700 nm) and adjustable bandgap, which revealed a promising potential on the field of photoelectronic devices, such as solar cells, LEDs and sensors. In this paper, CsPbX₃ QDs and hybrid QDs, CsPbClxBr3-x and CsPbBrxI3-x were synthesized via one-step and two-step methods comparably. The optical bandgaps of CsPbCl₃, CsPbBr₃, and CsPbI₃, were calculated as 3.08, 2.36, and 1.73eV, respectively, based on the Tauc's equation and …

Development Of Wo3 Nanostructure By Acid Treatment And Annealing, T Sanasi, S Pinitsoontorn, M Horprathum, P Eiamchai, C Chananonnawathorn, W Hincheeranun

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Tungsten oxide (WO3) nanostructure is an interesting material for many applications such as batteries, gas sensors, photocatalysts, display utilizing, and smart windows. In this work, we fabricated the WO3 nanoplates by sputtering, acid treatment and annealing. Firstly, a tungsten film was deposited on a silicon or glass substrate by sputtering. The film was then immersed in nitric acid (HNO3) at 80 °C. The effect of the exposure time, and annealing temperature was investigated. After the acid treatment, the tungsten oxide hydrate or tungstile (WO3•H2O) with nanoplate structure was developed. The optical transmittance in the visible range was significantly improved compared …

Preparation Of Benzoxazine Monomers And Prepolymers From Continuous Reactor: Effects Of Molecular Architecture On Properties, Andrew S. Frazee

Dissertations

Despite the modularity in molecular design and high-performance properties of benzoxazine thermoset chemistries, there are two primary shortcomings of benzoxazine marketability. Firstly, multifunctional benzoxazines are unfavorable for processing as they are glassy solids at ambient temperature. Secondly, benzoxazine chemistries are commercially synthesized using batch reactors, which are energy intensive and require the use of environmentally unfavorable solvents.

The purpose of the work herein is to address these shortcomings, which include:

1.) interrelationships between molecular architectures of synthesized monofunctional benzoxazine monomers and their ambient temperature physical states (i.e. liquid or solid) using molecular dynamics simulations and experimental comparisons,

2.) continuous high-shear …

Thermodynamics And Kinetics Of Dna Origami Cross-Tile Array Formation, Brett Michael Ward

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

As the cost to continue scaling photolithography to pattern smaller semiconducting devices increases exponentially, new materials and fabrication approaches are being sought to extend and enhance current capabilities. DNA nanostructures have been identified as a promising material for patterning nanoscale devices, and several studies have demonstrated the ability to program DNA nanostructures to self-assemble into large scale arrays. These DNA arrays can be designed to create the patterns necessary for fabricating semiconductor device features. However, these structures are far from ideal and contain a number of defects that limit the adoption of this approach for manufacturing. In order to create …

Effects Of The Internal Magnetic Field On The Magneto-Mechanical Properties Of Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys, Anthony Hobza

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Shape memory alloys are a class of functional material which recover from large strains without permanent deformation. The strain is accommodated by the displacement of twin boundaries in the martensite phase. The shape memory alloy Ni-Mn-Ga is also ferromagnetic. Ni-Mn-Ga preferentially magnetizes along a certain crystallographic axis. This direction of easy magnetization changes across twin boundaries, such that the directions in neighboring twin domains are nearly perpendicular.

The interaction of magnetic moments and interfaces including the crystal surface and twin boundary interfaces has a large role in the magnetization process of the material. The goal of this study is to …

A Comparison Study Of Composite Laminated Plates With Holes Under Tension, Joun S. Kim

Master's Theses

A Comparison Study of Composite Laminated Plates with Holes under Tension

A study was conducted to quantify the accuracy of numerical approximations to deem sufficiency in validating structural composite design, thus minimizing, or even eliminating the need for experimental test. Error values for stress and strain were compared between Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and analytical (Classical Laminated Plate Theory), and FEA and experimental tensile test for two composite plate designs under tension: a cross-ply composite plate design of [(0/90)4]s, and a quasi-isotropic layup design of [02/+45/-45/902]s, each with a single, centered hole of 1/8” diameter, and 1/4" diameter (four sets …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Glycidyl Methacrylate-Based Graft Copolymer Functional Interfaces, Nikolay Brordinov

All Dissertations

Modification of materials properties such as surface energy, wettability, ability to absorb, contain or release specific type of chemicals enables practical application of these materials in various scientific and engineering set-ups. However, designing protocol that could be easily adapted for different situations and simultaneously unlock multiple variations of the resulting properties is a non-trivial task. This dissertation is devoted to application of glycidyl methacrylate-based graft copolymers for the purposes of surface modification, establishing fundamental trends and dependencies of this process and exploring the possible range of applications. These materials have extremely valuable property to undergo controllable post-synthetic modifications including surface …

Kinetic Study Of Chitosan-Alginate Biopolymeric Nanoparticles For The Controlled Release Of Curcumin Diethyl Disuccinate, S Bhunchu, P Rojsitthisak, P Rojsitthisak

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The aim of this study was to investigate the release profile, and evaluate the best fitted kinetic model and mechanism, of curcumin diethyl disuccinate (CDD) from chitosan-alginate biopolymeric nanoparticles (CANPs) in simulated gastrointestinal fluids (without enzymes) and simulated body fluid. The CDD-loaded CANPs (CDD-CANPs) were prepared by oil-in-water emulsification and ionotropic gelation under the previously reported optimal condition (3 mg/mL of CDD, 4.05% (w/v) of TweenTM 80 and a chitosan:alginate mass ratio of 0.05:1), which resulted in CDD-CANPs with a favorable particle size (327±14 nm), zeta potential (-27.3±0.2 mV), encapsulation efficiency (51.2±2.2%) and loading capacity (11.2±0.8%). The in vitro release …

Utilization Of Aluminium Dross As A Main Raw Material For Synthesis Of Geopolymer, P Puksisuwan, P Laoratanakul, B Cherdhirunkorn

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Aluminium dross contains both small particles and large agglomerates, where the recyclable part is the large agglomerates with high aluminium metal content. The residual Al dross is unrecyclable small particles with very low aluminium metal content. In this research, the residual Al dross from the aluminium recycle industry and the bagasse ash from a biomass power plant were used as main raw materials for geopolymer fabrication with alkaline solutions (Na2SiO3 and NaOH) using in the typical geopolymerization process. After mixing with alkaline solutions, the mixtures were uniaxially pressed into a cylinder die. The samples were cured for 3, 7, 14 …