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Articles 241 - 270 of 520
Full-Text Articles in Materials Science and Engineering
Strength Testing And Material Characterization Of Cactus Spines, Mary Cooper, Jeff Goldstein, Thomas Tarlton
Strength Testing And Material Characterization Of Cactus Spines, Mary Cooper, Jeff Goldstein, Thomas Tarlton
Materials Engineering
Twelve different species of cactus spines from 6 different genera were collected from living specimens and maintained in a dry storage environment. Spines from each species underwent 3-point bend testing, XRD testing, and SEM imaging. XRD analysis was used to verify the presence of cellulose whisker like nanocrystals and to calculate the percent crystallinity of each spine. SEM images were captured of fracture surfaces at viewing angles of 90° and 45° relative to the fracture surface, with magnifications ranging between 150x and 4,000x. A total of six spines from each species were tested in three point bending using a high-resolution …
The Effects Of Heat Treatment On The Grain Growth, Phase Evolution, And Hardness Of Newly Developed Steel-Based Hardfacing Alloys For Industrial Applications, Renee Kuzniar
Materials Engineering
Steel-based hardfacing alloys are welded onto the outside diameter of tool joints in three beads with a slight overlap between welds for underground drilling to prolong the tool joints’ life. Current hardfacing alloys have a shortened life due to cracks occurring in neighboring weld beads. To decrease cracking, the effects of composition and heat treatment on the microstructure was investigated on five alloys. Five small arc-melt circular ingots roughly 1.4 x 0.3 inches were produced. Each sample had varying amounts of C, B, Cr, Mn, Mo, Nb, Si, Ti, V, and W. The carbon levels in the alloys were .91wt%, …
Grain Size Control In Post-Forged C263 Seamless Rolled Rings, Christopher Smith
Grain Size Control In Post-Forged C263 Seamless Rolled Rings, Christopher Smith
Materials Engineering
Seamless rolled rings of C263 superalloy were forged by Carlton Forge Works in Paramount, CA and sectioned for mechanical testing. The as-forged ring sections were then machined into tensile samples. To simulate cold working done after Carlton’s forging process, the C263 tensile samples were strained using an Instron tensile tester to 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9% plastic strain. These tensile samples were then solution treated at 2100°F for 30 minutes and water quenched before being aged at 1470°F for 8 hours and air cooled, following Carlton Forge Works’ heat treatment process. The gauge length sections were metallographically prepared and …
Simplifying The Testing And Calculation Of Fracture Toughness Of Thermoplastic And Thermoset Matrix Composite Materials, James Shedden
Simplifying The Testing And Calculation Of Fracture Toughness Of Thermoplastic And Thermoset Matrix Composite Materials, James Shedden
Materials Engineering
Fracture toughness, or the ability of a material to resist fast fracture by crack propagation is an important property in the use of composite materials for structural designs. Other mechanical tests such as tensile, flexure, and compression are more established and practical than testing fracture toughness. Fracture toughness testing is less commonly used because it requires specific specimens and non-conventional test methods. In composite materials specifically, delamination of the plies of materials is tested for GIC and GIIC values to find the critical strain energy release rate of the two types of fracture modes. The common two tests …
Development Of A Production Line Appropriate Test For Teflon Adhesion On 304 Stainless Steel 0.01-0.03" Diameter Coronary Guide Wires, Danielle Dunham
Development Of A Production Line Appropriate Test For Teflon Adhesion On 304 Stainless Steel 0.01-0.03" Diameter Coronary Guide Wires, Danielle Dunham
Materials Engineering
A test was developed to determine relative adhesion of Teflon-coated 304 stainless steel guide wires. Two sets of wires were provided by Abbott Vascular for testing: one set was known to have poor Teflon adhesion, the other had acceptable adhesion. A prototype device was designed and manufactured that produced a shear force on the coating by dragging the wire under a ½ inch-diameter 440C hardened stainless steel cylinder. Testing consisted of increasing the force on the wire during each consecutive pass with the cylinder until the Teflon coating failed. The force on the wire during the failure producing pass was …
Residual Stress Measurement Of 7050 Aluminum Alloy Open Die Forgings Using The Hole-Drilling Method, Alexandra Viksne
Residual Stress Measurement Of 7050 Aluminum Alloy Open Die Forgings Using The Hole-Drilling Method, Alexandra Viksne
Materials Engineering
Open die forged 7050 aluminum alloy has residual stresses that can be measured by the hole-drilling method following standard ASTM E837-01. Weber Metals (Paramount, CA) assumes that the stress is uniform throughout the thickness of an open die forged plate. Four different stress relieved 7050 aluminum samples were tested to confirm if the measurements by the hole-drilling method at the surface of a plate is indicative of the stress throughout. The different stress relief methods included: two water quenched samples at temperature ranges of 60°-90°F and 120°-130°F and two samples plastically deformed by forging at room temperature 1% and 3%. …
Analyzing The Flexural Properties Of Self-Constructed Bamboo Laminates, Brett Dorren
Analyzing The Flexural Properties Of Self-Constructed Bamboo Laminates, Brett Dorren
Materials Engineering
Bamboo plies of 1/8" and 1/32" thicknesses were glued together to form multiple unidirectional and cross-ply laminates that measured 12" by 12". The thickness of each laminate was between 0.25" and 0.375". All laminates were pressed together with a Tetrahedron MTP-10 bench top precision press at 75°F and 1000 lbf for 40 minutes. Laminates were then cut with a band-saw into four 3" by 12" test specimens, 24 hours after pressing. Each test specimen was three-point bend tested to identify the modulus of rupture (MOR) and apparent bending stiffness. Three-point bend testing was also performed on laminates that were …
Evaluation Of High Phosphorus Electroless Nickel Platings To Protect Carbon Steel Heat Exchangers In Seawater Service, Nathan Brink
Evaluation Of High Phosphorus Electroless Nickel Platings To Protect Carbon Steel Heat Exchangers In Seawater Service, Nathan Brink
Materials Engineering
The purpose of this project was to determine the suitability of using a high phosphorus electroless nickel (HPEN) coating to prevent corrosion in carbon steel heat exchangers in seawater service. 1 in. x 4 in. samples were cut from ¼ in. SA-516-70 pressure vessel plate, pickled to remove mill scale, dressed with 300 grit sand paper and sent out for plating with 2 mils of HPEN. Due to a clerical error during plating, samples were plated to a significantly lesser extent than requested. Samples were plated with approximately 0.6 mils of HPEN versus the 2 mils requested, however this was …
Measuring The Mechanical Properties Of A Newly Developed Discontinuous Carbon Fiber And Epoxy Composite, Morgan Adams
Measuring The Mechanical Properties Of A Newly Developed Discontinuous Carbon Fiber And Epoxy Composite, Morgan Adams
Materials Engineering
Engineering firm Pratt & Miller have developed a new and previously untested carbon fiber/epoxy composite using a spray lay-up process similar to a process commonly used in fiberglass production. This new composite is made by using a pneumatic chop gun that simultaneously cuts the carbon fibers to a specific length and deposits the chopped fibers and resin onto surface of an exposed mold surface. The composite is then rolled down to flatten and better wet the fibers and then the whole mold is vacuum bagged at room temperature to cure. The flexural stiffness and flexural strength of the composite with …
Tensile Properties Of Adhesive Joints Between Alclad 2024-T3 Aluminum Sheets And Extruded 6061-T6511 Aluminum For Use In Ultralight Personal Aircraft, Kevin Jones
Materials Engineering
Cold cure two-part epoxy adhesives were tested in aluminum joints to investigate their viability for use in an ultralight aircraft. The joints consisted of Alclad 2024-T3 aluminum sheets adhesively bonded to extruded 6061-T6511 aluminum, and are part of low-load-bearing members required to carry a minimum load of 175 lbs./ft. or 14.58 lbs./in. The Alclad 2024-T3 and 6061-T6511 aluminum were prepared by sanding with 80 grit abrasive paper, the surface was cleaned with acetone to remove surface contaminants, rinsed with distilled water, and dried using paper towels. Once the surface was prepared, the test coupons were assembled using one of the …
Design Of A Children’S Earth Science Exhibit For The Exploration Station In Grover Beach, California With An Emphasis On Fog Collection, Kathryn Thomas
Design Of A Children’S Earth Science Exhibit For The Exploration Station In Grover Beach, California With An Emphasis On Fog Collection, Kathryn Thomas
Materials Engineering
An outdoor earth science museum exhibit was designed for the Exploration Station in Grover Beach, California, and will use the harvesting methods of fog as a clean water resource to educate children. The design of the exhibit has two parts: a 1 m x 1 m static Standard Fog collector for long term fog collection which rises 2 m off the ground, and a mobile six-panel display consisting of six different materials and structures of meshes, all of which could potentially be used in a large scale fog collection setting. The six-panel portion will present the children with a hands-on …
Thermally Insulating Coating For Steel Drill Pipe, Matthew Mccaffrey
Thermally Insulating Coating For Steel Drill Pipe, Matthew Mccaffrey
Materials Engineering
A 5/16 in thick, 6 in x 6 in steel plate was used as a simple analog to 4 inch grade “S” steel drill pipe. Ethylene tetraflouroethylene (ETFE) applied as a powder coating was selected as the desired thermally insulating coating because of its excellent chemical resistance, maximum service temperature of 300°C, its thermal conductivity of 0.238 W/m-K, and for its ability to be applied in thicknesses of up to 80 mils. A powder primer coat of approximately 2 mils was applied using a conventional corona electrostatic powder sprayer, and then the high build topcoat was applied directly over the …
Design And Construction Of A Simulated Evaporative Heat Exchanger For Testing The Mitigation Effects Of Pipe Coatings On Mineral Scale Deposition, Taylor J. Anderson
Design And Construction Of A Simulated Evaporative Heat Exchanger For Testing The Mitigation Effects Of Pipe Coatings On Mineral Scale Deposition, Taylor J. Anderson
Materials Engineering
The thermal efficiency of evaporative heat exchangers is diminishing due to mineral scale buildup on heat exchanger surfaces. A simulated evaporative heat exchanger was designed and constructed for testing the mitigation effects of polymer coatings on mineral scale deposition rates. The heat exchanger was designed to cool hot mud at 200°F using a cooling water supply with a calcium concentration of 1000 ppm. The system was constructed using 1.5-inch diameter polypropylene piping, a DIG Corporation drip irrigation system, a TotalPond 530 GPH pond pump, an Omega CSI32K miniature benchtop controller, Omega FWH321-020 high temperature heater tape, and fifteen copper pipe …
Analyzing The Acoustical Properties Of Alternative Materials In Guitar Soundboards To Reduce Deforestation, Chris Dunn
Analyzing The Acoustical Properties Of Alternative Materials In Guitar Soundboards To Reduce Deforestation, Chris Dunn
Materials Engineering
To mitigate the effects of deforestation, man-made alternative materials were analyzed and tested for potential use in the soundboards of acoustic guitars. The materials evaluated included 0.06 in. foamed polycarbonate, 0.12 in. single-ply honeycomb fiberglass, and 0.04 in. epoxy fiberglass. The properties of Sitka spruce, the most common tonewood, were used as a benchmark. The Young’s modulus to density ratio found in Sitka spruce is relatively high, making its properties ideal for soundboard applications. Both Young’s modulus and density were necessary to calculate the acoustic constant of each material that was tested. The samples were subject to the impact of …
Interactive Museum Exhibit To Introduce K-6 Grade Students To Circuits And The Electric Conductivity Of Various Materials, Thien Vu-Nguyen
Interactive Museum Exhibit To Introduce K-6 Grade Students To Circuits And The Electric Conductivity Of Various Materials, Thien Vu-Nguyen
Materials Engineering
The SciTechatorium (SciTech) is a museum filled with interactive exhibits for visitors to learn science informally. A new exhibit was developed to explore electric conductivity and circuits. The design was made based on the size of the material sample the students will use and to allow interactions with multiple users. The materials the students will use were selected using Cambridge Engineering Selector (CES) to sort the materials by resistivity, the inverse of conductivity. After sorting the materials by resistivity, five different materials (balsa wood, polystyrene, polyester, stainless steel, and copper) were chosen for the exhibit. The target size of the …
Development Of A High Precision Quantum Dot Synthysis Method Utilizing A Microfluidic Reactor And In-Line Fluorescence Cell, Harry Lafferty, Jonny Hoadley
Development Of A High Precision Quantum Dot Synthysis Method Utilizing A Microfluidic Reactor And In-Line Fluorescence Cell, Harry Lafferty, Jonny Hoadley
Materials Engineering
Quantum dots show great potential for use as spectral converters in solar cells, lighting applications and biological imaging. These applications require precise control of quantum dot size to maximize performance. The fluorescence profile of quantum dots in solution correlates directly with particle size. An alternative, high precision process was developed for the synthesis of cadmium-selenide quantum dots using a microfluidic reactor and fluorescence flow through cell. The process required creating separate cadmium and selenium precursors that were then mixed in a nitrogen environment at 17± 1°C. Using an NE-300® syringe pump, the solution was pumped through a microfluidic reactor …
Comparison Of Polyurethane And Polysiloxane Coating Systems In Marine Environments, Jake Jarman, Jessica Salvatin
Comparison Of Polyurethane And Polysiloxane Coating Systems In Marine Environments, Jake Jarman, Jessica Salvatin
Materials Engineering
This project investigates the performance benefits of polysiloxane and polyurethane coating systems for corrosion protection in marine environments. PPG Industries Amercoat 450H and International Paint Interthane 990HS were the polyurethane topcoats tested. PPG Industries Ameron PSX 700 (New Blend) and International Paint Interfine 878 were the polysiloxane topcoats tested. Each coating was sprayed onto carbon steel panels that were prepared through hand blasting with glass beads. Scribed and unscribed panels were tested in a salt fog chamber for 1,200 hours according to ASTM Standard B0117-11 and in a UV/Humidifier for 1,650 hours according to ASTM Standard D4587-11. Panels were tested …
Effect Of Carbon On Primary Alpha Percentage In Ti-6al-4v As Temperature Approaches The Beta Transus, Kyle Savage
Effect Of Carbon On Primary Alpha Percentage In Ti-6al-4v As Temperature Approaches The Beta Transus, Kyle Savage
Materials Engineering
Some Ti-6Al-4V forgings require a specific amount of α phase known as primary α in the finished product. The percentage of primary α is dependent on how close to the beta transus temperature forging is conducted. The beta transus temperature is affected by certain alloying elements. Carbon is one of the elements known to increase the beta transus temperature. Since each Ti-6Al-4V ingot contains varying amounts of carbon, testing on a variety of chemistries needs to be conducted. Cubes approximately 0.5 inches from low, medium, and high carbon chemistries were heat treated at temperatures below the beta transus in 18 …
The Optimization And Packaging Of Materials Safari Science Educational Tool For K-4 Grade Levels, Elizabeth Chandy
The Optimization And Packaging Of Materials Safari Science Educational Tool For K-4 Grade Levels, Elizabeth Chandy
Materials Engineering
An interactive materials-based learning kit for K-4 grade levels was refined to effectively be used in outreach and after-school programs. Different safari animals made of different materials are packaged in the kit, along with different activities to explore physical properties. An optimized number and variety of animals and materials were determined. The volume and weight of the Materials Safari learning kit was optimized to meet the user’s needs. One way the product was optimized was reducing the number of animal pieces in the product. Also, two of the testing stations were reduced in size by about fifty percent to fit …
Characterization And Modeling Of An O-Band 1310 Nm Sampled-Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector (Sg-Dbr) Laser For Optical Coherence Tomography (Oct) Applications, Desmond Charles Talkington
Characterization And Modeling Of An O-Band 1310 Nm Sampled-Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector (Sg-Dbr) Laser For Optical Coherence Tomography (Oct) Applications, Desmond Charles Talkington
Master's Theses
In this project, the performance aspects of a new early generation 1310 nm Sampled-Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector (SG-DBR) semiconductor laser are investigated. SG-DBR lasers are ideal for Source Swept Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT), a Fourier-Domain based approach for OCT, necessitating a tunable wavelength source. Three internal sections control the frequency output for tuning, along with two amplifiers for amplitude control. These O-band SG-DBR devices are now being produced in research quantities. SG-DBR lasers have been produced at 1550 and 1600 nm for some times. Fundamental questions regarding the performance of the 1310 nm devices must be quantified. Standard metrics including …
Experimental Assessment Of The Impact Of Asymptomatic Gas Emboli On The Vessel Wall, Linxia Gu, Eric L. Cutler
Experimental Assessment Of The Impact Of Asymptomatic Gas Emboli On The Vessel Wall, Linxia Gu, Eric L. Cutler
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications
Quantitative evaluation of shear stress in the vessel wall due to the presence of asymptomatic gas emboli is lacking. The goal of this work was to assess the impact of chronic asymptomatic gas emboli on the risk of atherosclerosis through a custom-built cardiovascular flow simulator. Gas bubbles were created by forced air from a syringe pump. The influences of embolism injection rate, pulse rate, and time-averaged flow rate on the wall mean shear stress were investigated at resting and elevated heart rate conditions. The recorded pressure and volumetric flow rate from 24 experimental settings with four repetitions each were used …
Structural Health Monitoring Data Transmission For Composite Hydrokinetic Turbine Blades, A. Heckman, Joshua L. Rovey, K. Chandrashekhara, Steve Eugene Watkins, Daniel S. Stutts, Arindam Banerjee, Rajiv S. Mishra
Structural Health Monitoring Data Transmission For Composite Hydrokinetic Turbine Blades, A. Heckman, Joshua L. Rovey, K. Chandrashekhara, Steve Eugene Watkins, Daniel S. Stutts, Arindam Banerjee, Rajiv S. Mishra
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
No abstract provided.
Atmospheric Pressure He-Air Plasma Jet: Breakdown Process And Propagation Phenomenon, Asma Begum, Mounir Laroussi, Mohammad Rasel Pervez
Atmospheric Pressure He-Air Plasma Jet: Breakdown Process And Propagation Phenomenon, Asma Begum, Mounir Laroussi, Mohammad Rasel Pervez
Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
In this paper He-discharge (plasma jet/bullet) in atmospheric pressure air and its progression phenomenon has been studied experimentally using ICCD camera, optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and calibrated dielectric probe measurements. The repetitive nanosecond pulse has applied to a plasma pencil to generate discharge in the helium gas channel. The discharge propagation speed was measured from the ICCD images. The axial electric field distribution in the plasma jet is inferred from the optical emission spectroscopic data and from the probe measurement. The correlation between the jet velocities, jet length with the pulse duration is established. It shows that the plasma jet …
An Investigation Of Arabinan And Cellulose Based Nano-Composite Fabrication Methods, Marianne Smithfield, Carl Petterson, Robert Miller
An Investigation Of Arabinan And Cellulose Based Nano-Composite Fabrication Methods, Marianne Smithfield, Carl Petterson, Robert Miller
Materials Engineering
Microcrystalline cellulose was converted into nanocrystalline cellulose via an acid hydrolysis procedure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to measure the particle size and thus the effectiveness of acid hydrolysis. The nanocrystalline cellulose was poured through a 0.2μm filter to isolate the particles of ideal size. The nanocrystalline cellulose samples were stored in dimethylformamide (DMF) to prevent mold growth and agglomeration upon drying. Numerous composite samples were created by dissolving the arabinan in a solvent, suspending cellulose in the arabinan solution, and then drying the sample. Casting was performed in a silicon mold to allow sample removal without damage. Initial …
Evaluation Of Forging Strain For Maximum Grain Size In Open-Die Forged 6061 Aluminum, Eric Strehl
Evaluation Of Forging Strain For Maximum Grain Size In Open-Die Forged 6061 Aluminum, Eric Strehl
Materials Engineering
In an effort to maximize grain growth of open-die forged 6061 aluminum alloy parts, samples from three of Weber Metals’s suppliers (Hidal Co-Almex USA Inc., TST Inc., and Vista Metals Corp.; to be called Supplier H, Supplier T, Supplier V respectively) were cut into cylinders with diameters of 0.75˝ and heights of 2˝, and put through a simulated forging process and heat treatment. It is possible that additional alloying elements may be promoting or inhibiting grain growth in the final part. Maximizing grain growth for aluminum alloy parts results in improved resistance to intergranular corrosion. Samples from each vendor had …
Electrospun Plant Protein Scaffolds With Fibers Oriented Randomly And Evenly In Three-Dimensions For Soft Tissue Engineering Applications, Shaobo Cai
Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
In this work, electrospinnable and water stable soyprotein was extracted by using a reducing agent in mild alkaline condition, and novel 3D zein and 3D pure soyprotein electrospun scaffolds with three-dimensionally and randomly oriented fibers and large interconnected pores were successfully fabricated by reducing surface resistivity of materials. This unique structure is different from most electrospun scaffolds with fibers oriented mainly in one direction. The structure of novel 3D scaffolds could more closely mimic the 3D randomly oriented fibrous architectures in many native extracellular matrixes (ECM). Confocal laser scanning microscope shows that instead of becoming flattened cells when cultured in …
Low Velocity Impact Tower Feasibility, Setup, And Impact Testing Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Thermoset And Peek Thermoplastic Matrix Composites, Brent Plehn
Materials Engineering
A low velocity impact tower was donated to Cal Poly's Materials Engineering Department along with four fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites. The tower was set up in building 192 in the Mechanical Testing Laboratory. Improvements were made to the tower including adding velocity detection capabilities, making loose hardware inclusive, adding an extra tower arm for better consistency, adding a double jawed clamp for faster testing, and rerouting the tower's compressed air system to improve performance. A standard operating procedure was drafted, tested, and redrafted for impact testing composite panels. The four composite panels consisted of two quasi-isotropic 16 ply AS-1 …
A Design Methodology For Buoyant Prescription Sunglasses, Katherine Burzynski
A Design Methodology For Buoyant Prescription Sunglasses, Katherine Burzynski
Materials Engineering
As a means to develop fashionable, buoyant prescription sunglasses, this project focused on identifying a system of lens and frame materials that yield sunglasses that float in water. There was an emphasis on developing a product that could be integrated into the current sunglass market. The term fashionable is used to define a sleek frame style that does not require attaching additional floatation. This methodology relies on the relationships between the strength of the user’s prescription and the volume of the desired sunglass frame style. This relationship was verified through buoyancy testing. This testing included varying the lens material in …
Design And Implementation Of A Micro Force Displacement System, Evan Cate
Design And Implementation Of A Micro Force Displacement System, Evan Cate
Materials Engineering
The design and implementation of a micro-force displacement system was completed to test various Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) devices including silicon diaphragms and cantilevers. The system utilizes a World Precision Instruments Fort 10g force transducer attached to a World Precession Instruments TBM4M amplifier. A Keithley 2400 source meter provided data acquisition of the force component of the system. A micro prober tip was utilized as the testing probe attached to the force transducer with a tip radius of 5um. The displacement of samples was measured using a Newport M433 linear stage driven by a Newport ESP300 motion controller (force readings at …
Application Of Quantum Dots Onto Glass Wafers As A Feasibility Test For The Spectral Down Conversion Of Uv Light For Solar Cells, Anthony Fong
Materials Engineering
Quantum dots have the ability to convert high energy photons into multiple lower energy photons. Down conversion of such high energy photons from sources such as UV light can be beneficial for applications on solar cells which waste much of the energy in the form of thermalization. To test this theory, a solar cell was hooked up to an Amprobe Solar Analyzer and tests were run to compare power output with and without the presence of quantum dots. Additionally, quantum dots were spin coated onto a glass wafer to determine its adhesion ability. Spectrometer readings were taken of the wafer …