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Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

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Full-Text Articles in Materials Science and Engineering

Magnetic Separation Of Lunar Regolith Simulants With Applications To In Situ Resource Utilization On The Moon, Peter Bachle, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han Jan 2024

Magnetic Separation Of Lunar Regolith Simulants With Applications To In Situ Resource Utilization On The Moon, Peter Bachle, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The development of in situ resource utilization (ISRU) for metal extraction is imperative as a steppingstone for habitation construction in lunar and non-terrestrial environments. Separation of minerals by chemical composition is important to optimize metal and oxygen liberation from lunar ore. to this effect, devices capable of separating aluminum bearing minerals from iron-bearing minerals from the lunar regolith simulants have been developed. Twenty-eight different simulants have been used in this study. a dual-belt separator was designed to reduce middlings. Para-magnetic minerals were reliably separated using a neodymium N52-magnet-separator system. Effective separation of aluminum-bearing minerals from iron-bearing minerals was greater than …

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Beneficiation Of Lunar Regolith Simulants Through Electrostatic Sieving And Magnetic Separation, Peter Bachle, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han Jan 2024

Beneficiation Of Lunar Regolith Simulants Through Electrostatic Sieving And Magnetic Separation, Peter Bachle, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the light of future development of lunar structures, in-situ feldspar beneficiation is imperative for metal extraction. This research incorporates the tandem use of electrostatic sieving and magnetic separation for collecting a specific size range and mineral composition from lunar soil that optimizes subsequent chemical processing. While earlier works focused on silt-sized particles, this work expands that range up to medium-grained sand with a greater variety of potential lunar regolith compositions. This work shows that a 2.5 kV, 7 Hz to 30Hz frequency, single-phase square wave can lift silt and fine sand for collection. This lifting is successful directly from …

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Kinetic Modeling Of Electrostatic Sieving For Lunar Regolith Beneficiation: Case Studies, Easton Ingram, Emmanuela Amen Eze, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han Jan 2024

Kinetic Modeling Of Electrostatic Sieving For Lunar Regolith Beneficiation: Case Studies, Easton Ingram, Emmanuela Amen Eze, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new kinetic particle modeling framework was developed to investigate electrostatic transport of lunar regolith particles with applications to the concept of electrostatic sieving. The new approach is based on kinetic particle dynamics and includes major modules of sampling the particle size distribution, solving electric fields, and tracking motion of charged dust grains. Case studies for a concept of electrostatic sieving were chosen to validate the new model. The simulation achieved similar yields reported in previous works, which served as validation of the model. The new model is computationally efficient and could serve as a design, analysis, and optimization tool.

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Development Of A Highly Loaded Zirconium Carbide Paste For Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing, Clare Sabata, Austin J. Martin, Jeremy L. Watts, Gregory E. Hilmas Jan 2024

Development Of A Highly Loaded Zirconium Carbide Paste For Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing, Clare Sabata, Austin J. Martin, Jeremy L. Watts, Gregory E. Hilmas

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A highly loaded, aqueous-based zirconium carbide (ZrC) paste was developed for ceramic on-demand extrusion (CODE). Commercial ZrC powder was ball milled to reduce the particle size to ∼1 μm. Paste composition was determined by rheological characterization and observation of printing behavior; the final paste consisted of 46–47 vol% ZrC, 43.5 vol% distilled water, 8.1 vol% dispersant, and 1.6 vol% binder. Rheological characterization of the paste showed a yield stress of ∼8 Pa and shear thinning behavior (ΔG′/Δσ* = −55). The paste was printed using a 610 μm nozzle; a test print showed shape fidelity using the developed paste. A pressureless …

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Effect Of Sc Spatial Distribution On The Electronic And Ferroelectric Properties Of Alscn, Bipin Bhattarai, Xiaoman Zhang, Wangwang Xu, Yijia Gu, W. J. Meng, Andrew C. Meng Jan 2024

Effect Of Sc Spatial Distribution On The Electronic And Ferroelectric Properties Of Alscn, Bipin Bhattarai, Xiaoman Zhang, Wangwang Xu, Yijia Gu, W. J. Meng, Andrew C. Meng

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

While aluminum scandium nitride based ferroelectric materials have shown significant promise for non-volatile memory applications, difficulties relating challenges in device performance, such as electrical leakage, to structural characteristics motivate improved understanding of the fundamental structure-property relationship. Spinodal decomposition has been reported in this material system, consistent with our observation of compositional segregation in AlScN films grown by reactive sputter epitaxy. To better understand the effects of spatially non-uniform Sc concentrations, the electronic and ferroelectric (FE) properties of AlScN as a function of Sc distribution are studied using density functional theory (DFT). We explore the impact of Sc-rich atomic planes in …

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Thermodynamic Analysis Of Metal Segregation In Dual Phase High Entropy Ceramics, Steven M. Smith, William G. Fahrenholtz, Gregory E. Hilmas, Stefano Curtarolo Jan 2024

Thermodynamic Analysis Of Metal Segregation In Dual Phase High Entropy Ceramics, Steven M. Smith, William G. Fahrenholtz, Gregory E. Hilmas, Stefano Curtarolo

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Equilibrium Gibbs' free energy calculations were used to determine metal segregation trends between boride and carbide solid solutions containing two metals that are relevant to dual phase high entropy ceramics. The model predicted that Ti had the strongest tendency to segregate to the boride phase followed by Zr, Nb, Mo, V, Hf, and Ta, which matches experimental results of measured compositions. The ratio of a metal in the carbide phase to the content of the same metal in the corresponding metal boride had a linear trend with the change in standard Gibbs' free energy of reaction for a metal carbide …

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A Super-Hard High Entropy Boride Containing Hf, Mo, Ti, V, And W, Suzana Filipovic, Nina Obradovic, Greg E. Hilmas, William G. Fahrenholtz, Donald W. Brenner, Jon Paul Maria, Douglas E. Wolfe, Eva Zurek, Xiomara Campilongo, Stefano Curtarolo Jan 2024

A Super-Hard High Entropy Boride Containing Hf, Mo, Ti, V, And W, Suzana Filipovic, Nina Obradovic, Greg E. Hilmas, William G. Fahrenholtz, Donald W. Brenner, Jon Paul Maria, Douglas E. Wolfe, Eva Zurek, Xiomara Campilongo, Stefano Curtarolo

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Super-Hard (Hf,Mo,Ti,V,W)B2 Was Synthesized by Boro-Carbothermal Reduction and Densified by Spark Plasma Sintering. This Composition Was Produced for the First Time as a Single-Phase Ceramic in the Present Research. the Optimized Ceramic Had a Single Hexagonal AlB2-Type Crystalline Phase with a Grain Size of 3.8 µm and Homogeneous Distribution of the Constituent Metals. the Vickers Hardness Exhibited the Indentation Size Effect, Increasing from 27 GPa at a Load of 9.8 N to as High as 66 GPa at a Load of 0.49 N. This is the Highest Hardness Reported to Date for High Entropy Boride Ceramics.

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Oxidation Of Additively Manufactured Zrb2–Sic In Air And In Co2 At 700–1000 °C, Marharyta Lakusta, Nicholas M. Timme, Abid H. Rafi, Jeremy Lee Watts, M. (Ming) C. (Chuan) Leu, Gregory E. Hilmas, William G. Fahrenholtz, David W. Lipke Jan 2024

Oxidation Of Additively Manufactured Zrb2–Sic In Air And In Co2 At 700–1000 °C, Marharyta Lakusta, Nicholas M. Timme, Abid H. Rafi, Jeremy Lee Watts, M. (Ming) C. (Chuan) Leu, Gregory E. Hilmas, William G. Fahrenholtz, David W. Lipke

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Oxidation behavior of additively manufactured zrb2–sic in air and in co2 is reported in the temperature range of 700–1000 °c. Observed scale morphologies in air and in co2 were similar, featuring an outer borosilicate layer and an inner porous zirconia layer containing partially oxidized silicon carbide particles and remnant borosilicate products. Oxide scale thicknesses and parabolic scaling constants in air were approximately twice those observed in co2 across all studied temperatures. Activation energies for oxidation of 140 ± 20 kj/mol in air and 110 ± 20 kj/mol in co2 were determined, indicating similar diffusion processes that appear to be rate-limiting. …

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Additive Manufacturing Of Novel Lightweight Insulation Refractory With Hierarchical Pore Structures By Direct Ink Writing, Saisai Li, Jiaxuan Xin, Ruoyu Chen, Haiming Wen Jan 2024

Additive Manufacturing Of Novel Lightweight Insulation Refractory With Hierarchical Pore Structures By Direct Ink Writing, Saisai Li, Jiaxuan Xin, Ruoyu Chen, Haiming Wen

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A direct ink writing process using fly ash foaming slurries was employed for the additive manufacturing of lightweight mullite insulation refractory with hierarchical pore structures. The viscosity, thixotropy, and shear thinning behavior of the inks were analyzed to investigate the effect of the inorganic binder and dispersant of the foaming inks. A slurry exhibiting excellent rheological characteristics was identified, consisting of 45 wt% fly ash floating beads, 55 wt% water, 3.0 wt% additional dispersant, and 6.0 wt% additional binder. Furthermore, through the optimization of printing parameters such as printing pressure and printing speed, notable enhancements were achieved in the pore …

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Morphology And Particle Size (Maps) Exercise: Testing The Applications Of Image Analysis And Morphology Descriptions For Nuclear Forensics, Stuart A. Dunn, Ian J. Schwerdt, David E. Meier, Naomi E. Marks, Thomas Shaw, Alexa Hanson, Kari Sentz, Meena Said, Richard A. Clark, Kyle A. Makovsky, Jason M. Lonergan, Matthew Gilbert Jan 2024

Morphology And Particle Size (Maps) Exercise: Testing The Applications Of Image Analysis And Morphology Descriptions For Nuclear Forensics, Stuart A. Dunn, Ian J. Schwerdt, David E. Meier, Naomi E. Marks, Thomas Shaw, Alexa Hanson, Kari Sentz, Meena Said, Richard A. Clark, Kyle A. Makovsky, Jason M. Lonergan, Matthew Gilbert

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Image analysis techniques have been applied and shown to be a valuable tool in nuclear forensics analysis. The interlaboratory exercise reported here has tested quantitative and qualitative approaches for characterizing nuclear materials. Particle size, surface features and morphology descriptions were compared by four laboratories on a common image set generated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Digital Light Microscopy. Quantitative analysis of the image sets through the Morphological Analysis for Materials software highlighted the strength of image analysis, but also that the application of the software alone can introduce significant bias in the analysis. Qualitative morphology descriptions following the process outlined …

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Ring Opening Functionalization Of Thiolactone Homopolymers For Ros Scavenging, Aaron Priester, Forrest Kievit, Anthony J. Convertine Jan 2024

Ring Opening Functionalization Of Thiolactone Homopolymers For Ros Scavenging, Aaron Priester, Forrest Kievit, Anthony J. Convertine

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In This Research, We Explored the Synthesis and Application of Thiolactone Acrylamide (TLA) Polymers for Neutralizing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Produced as a Result of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). We Synthesized Well-Defined TLA Polymers using RAFT (Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer) Polymerization Across a Range of Monomer-To-Chain Transfer Agent ([M]0/[CTA]0) Ratios to Achieve a Range of Molar Masses. Polymerizations Were Carried Out using a Trithiocarbonate CTA (Chain Transfer Agent) with AIBN (Azobisisobutyronitrile) as the Initiator in N'N-Dimethylacetamide (DMAc) at 60 °C. Kinetic Studies Indicated a Linear Increase in Molar Mass with Conversion, Pseudo-First-Order Kinetics, and Molar Mass Values that Are Consistent …

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High Temperature Oxidation Regime Transitions In Hafnium Carbide, Jonathan A. Scott, Xiaoqing He, David W. Lipke Jan 2024

High Temperature Oxidation Regime Transitions In Hafnium Carbide, Jonathan A. Scott, Xiaoqing He, David W. Lipke

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Understanding the oxidation behavior of hafnium carbide is crucial to its application in extreme environments. In this work, the transition in high-temperature oxidation kinetics regimes in hafnium carbide is explained based on phase equilibria considerations supported by observed changes in oxide scale microstructure evolution associated with different transformation pathways. Below, a composition-dependent critical temperature and oxygen pressure, hafnium carbide first transforms to an amorphous material with nominal composition HfO2C followed by phase separation into carbon and hafnia domains. Subsequently, gaseous transport through a nanometric pore network formed by oxidative removal of phase-separated carbon becomes rate-limiting. Above this critical point, the …

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Optimized Gadolinium-Do3a Loading In Raft-Polymerized Copolymers For Superior Mr Imaging Of Aging Blood-Brain Barrier, Hunter A. Miller, Aaron Priester, Evan T. Curtis, Krista Hilmas, Ashleigh Abbott, Forrest M. Kievit, Anthony J. Convertine Jan 2024

Optimized Gadolinium-Do3a Loading In Raft-Polymerized Copolymers For Superior Mr Imaging Of Aging Blood-Brain Barrier, Hunter A. Miller, Aaron Priester, Evan T. Curtis, Krista Hilmas, Ashleigh Abbott, Forrest M. Kievit, Anthony J. Convertine

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The development of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) has been pivotal in advancing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), offering enhanced soft tissue contrast without ionizing radiation exposure. Despite their widespread clinical use, the need for improved GBCAs has led to innovations in ligand chemistry and polymer science. We report a novel approach using methacrylate-functionalized DO3A ligands to synthesize a series of copolymers through direct reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. This technique enables precise control over the gadolinium content within the polymers, circumventing the need for subsequent conjugation and purification steps, and facilitates the addition of other components such as targeting ligands. …

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Strength Comparison For Fully Dense Zirconium Diboride Ceramics Tested By Different Methods, Darko Kosanović, Suzana Filipović, Isaak Trajković, Nina Obradović, Paul M. Brune, Gregory E. Hilmas, William G. Fahrenholtz Jan 2024

Strength Comparison For Fully Dense Zirconium Diboride Ceramics Tested By Different Methods, Darko Kosanović, Suzana Filipović, Isaak Trajković, Nina Obradović, Paul M. Brune, Gregory E. Hilmas, William G. Fahrenholtz

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The strength of zirconium diboride ceramics was tested by three different methods, 3-point flexure, 4-point flexure, and compression. Nearly full-density ceramics were obtained by hot pressing commercial ZrB2 powder with the addition of.5 wt.% carbon as a sintering aid. The thermal properties and hardness were studied for ZrB2 milled with ZrB2 and WC media. Based on phase purity and higher thermal conductivity, ZrB2 ceramics prepared from powders milled with ZrB2 media were selected for mechanical property studies. The strength in 3-point flexure was 546 ± 55 MPa. The flexure strength was 476 ± 41 MPa …

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Experimental Investigation Of A Viscoelastic Liner To Reduce Under Helmet Overpressures And Shock Wave Reflections, Cody J.H. Thomas, Fatih Dogan, Catherine E. Johnson Jan 2024

Experimental Investigation Of A Viscoelastic Liner To Reduce Under Helmet Overpressures And Shock Wave Reflections, Cody J.H. Thomas, Fatih Dogan, Catherine E. Johnson

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Introduction: Shock wave overpressure exposures can result in blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) in warfighters. Although combat helmets provide protection against blunt impacts, the protection against blast waves is limited due to the observed high overpressures occurring underneath the helmet. One route to enhance these helmets is by incorporating viscoelastic materials into the helmet designs, reducing pressures imposed on the head. This study aims to further investigate this mitigation technique against under-helmet overpressures by adding a viscoelastic liner to the inside of a combat helmet. Methods: The liner's effectiveness was evaluated by exposing it to free-field blasts of Composition C-4 …

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Effect Of Ph And Hydroxyapatite-Like Layer Formation On The Antibacterial Properties Of Borophosphate Bioactive Glass Incorporated Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Bone Cement, Kara A. Hageman, Rebekah L. Blatt, William A. Kuenne, Richard K. Brow, Terence E. Mciff Jan 2024

Effect Of Ph And Hydroxyapatite-Like Layer Formation On The Antibacterial Properties Of Borophosphate Bioactive Glass Incorporated Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Bone Cement, Kara A. Hageman, Rebekah L. Blatt, William A. Kuenne, Richard K. Brow, Terence E. Mciff

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Infection is a leading cause of total joint arthroplasty failure. Current preventative measures incorporate antibiotics into the poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement that anchors the implant into the natural bone. With bacterial resistance to antibiotics on the rise, the development of alternative antibacterial materials is crucial to mitigate infection. Borate bioactive glass, 13–93-B3, has been studied previously for use in orthopedic applications due to its ability to be incorporated into bone cements and other scaffolds, convert into hydroxyapatite (HA)-like layer, and enhance the osseointegration and antibacterial properties of the material. The purpose of this study is to better understand …

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Water Vapor Oxidation Of Sic Layer Of Tristructural Isotropic Particles, Visharad Jalan, Adam Bratten, Matthew Luebbe, Haiming Wen Jan 2024

Water Vapor Oxidation Of Sic Layer Of Tristructural Isotropic Particles, Visharad Jalan, Adam Bratten, Matthew Luebbe, Haiming Wen

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Tri structural isotropic (TRISO) fuel particles, developed for use in high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactors, can be subjected to oxidizing environments in off-normal accident scenarios. In this study, surrogate TRISO fuel particles were oxidized at 1000–1350°C for 4 h in 20 kPa water vapor atmosphere balanced with ultrahigh-purity helium gas. The oxide scale morphology and thickness were studied via scanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam, and transmission electron microscopy. The oxide thickness increased as the oxidation temperature was increased. Although the oxide scale at 1000°C was completely amorphous, pockets of crystalline oxide were observed on particles oxidized at 1200 and 1300°C. …

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Quantification Of Swelling In Hematite Pellets Reduced Using Hydrogen–Nitrogen Gas Mixture, Amogh Meshram, Yuri Korobeinikov, Xingwen Wei, Ronald J. O'Malley, Seetharaman Sridhar Jan 2024

Quantification Of Swelling In Hematite Pellets Reduced Using Hydrogen–Nitrogen Gas Mixture, Amogh Meshram, Yuri Korobeinikov, Xingwen Wei, Ronald J. O'Malley, Seetharaman Sridhar

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Iron ore pellets are reduced in a 50%H2–50%N2 1 atm gas mixture at 750, 800, 850, 900, and 950 °C while simultaneously documenting swelling (change in pellet radius) and weight change. Swelling increases with increasing temperature, with catastrophic swelling (>20% of reduction swelling index) observed at 850, 900, and 950 °C. As the pellet is reduced, the pellet radius increases until 40–50% reduction is achieved, followed by a decrease in diameter beyond 40–50% reduction at 750 and 850 °C. At 950 °C, the pellet radius continues to increase with additional pellet reduction without any subsequent decrease in diameter. Scanning …

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Bipolar Hipims Kick-Pulse For High Hardness In High-Entropy Boride Thin Films, Nathaniel S. Mcilwaine, Nestor O.Marquez Rios, Eva Zurek, Donald W. Brenner, William G. Fahrenholtz, Stefano Curtarolo, Douglas E. Wolfe, Jon Paul Maria Jan 2024

Bipolar Hipims Kick-Pulse For High Hardness In High-Entropy Boride Thin Films, Nathaniel S. Mcilwaine, Nestor O.Marquez Rios, Eva Zurek, Donald W. Brenner, William G. Fahrenholtz, Stefano Curtarolo, Douglas E. Wolfe, Jon Paul Maria

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

We report a microhardness indentation study for multicomponent refractory metal boride thin films that belong to the family of high-entropy ceramics exhibiting superior hardness and high temperature properties. We focus on the nominally equimolar composition (Ti0.2Zr0.2Hf0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2) B2, which we refer to as HEB3, on c-plane sapphire substrates. Thin films are prepared using bipolar high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS), where the positive kick pulse is optimized to produce films with high density, high crystallinity, and a microstructure that is isometric in nature as revealed by cross-sectional fracture surface imaging, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray reflectometry. Low-load Knoop indentation is used to …

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Impact Of Quenching Intensity Conditions On Using A Finite Element Model To Investigate The Microstructure And Hardenability Of Low-Alloy Steel, J. S. Alabi, E. Heidari, M. F. Buchely, K. Chandrashekhara, S. N. Lekakh, R. J. O'Malley, V. Athavale, A. Kumar Jan 2024

Impact Of Quenching Intensity Conditions On Using A Finite Element Model To Investigate The Microstructure And Hardenability Of Low-Alloy Steel, J. S. Alabi, E. Heidari, M. F. Buchely, K. Chandrashekhara, S. N. Lekakh, R. J. O'Malley, V. Athavale, A. Kumar

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Quenching is one of the primary processes to improve mechanical properties in steels, particularly hardness. Quenching is well established for different geometries of individually treated steel components; while in-steam quenching of large diameter continuously cast steel bar has several specific features which are difficult and costly to experimentally optimize. The end-quench Jominy test has been used extensively to study the hardenability of different steel grades. Different numerical, analytical, and empirical models have been developed to simulate the Jominy process and to understand quenching of steels. However, it is not straight forward to translate experimental data from Jominy test on instream …

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Ijmc/Fef Student Research Competition: Understanding The Effect Of Boron On Graphite Nodularity And Distribution In Ductile Iron Castings, Chase Schroeder, Colleen Lehrer, Simon Lekakh, Laura Bartlett Jan 2024

Ijmc/Fef Student Research Competition: Understanding The Effect Of Boron On Graphite Nodularity And Distribution In Ductile Iron Castings, Chase Schroeder, Colleen Lehrer, Simon Lekakh, Laura Bartlett

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ductile iron is renowned for its superior mechanical properties, higher strength, and ductility, combined with excellent castability and the economy of using a scrap melting process. The matrix structure as well as morphology and distribution of graphite nodules significantly influences mechanical properties of as-cast ductile iron. Boron contamination of the scrap supply has presented some difficulties in controlling the microstructure and mechanical properties of certain gray and ductile iron grades. In the current study, the effect of boron levels up to 95 ppm was determined on graphite nodularity and distribution in as-cast ductile iron castings as a function of section …

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Kinetic Modeling Of Electrostatic Sieving For Lunar Regolith Beneficiation: Case Studies, Easton Ingram, Emmanuela Amen Eze, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han Jan 2024

Kinetic Modeling Of Electrostatic Sieving For Lunar Regolith Beneficiation: Case Studies, Easton Ingram, Emmanuela Amen Eze, Jeffrey Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William Schonberg, Daoru Han

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new kinetic particle modeling framework was developed to investigate electrostatic transport of lunar regolith particles with applications to the concept of electrostatic sieving. the new approach is based on kinetic particle dynamics and includes major modules of sampling the particle size distribution, solving electric fields, and tracking motion of charged dust grains. Case studies for a concept of electrostatic sieving were chosen to validate the new model. the simulation achieved similar yields reported in previous works, which served as validation of the model. the new model is computationally efficient and could serve as a design, analysis, and optimization tool.

Go to article

Impact Of Quenching Intensity Conditions On Using A Finite Element Model To Investigate The Microstructure And Hardenability Of Low-Alloy Steel, J. S. Alabi, E. Heidari, M. F. Buchely, K. Chandrashekhara, S. N. Lekakh, R. J. O'Malley, V. Athavale, A. Kumar Jan 2024

Impact Of Quenching Intensity Conditions On Using A Finite Element Model To Investigate The Microstructure And Hardenability Of Low-Alloy Steel, J. S. Alabi, E. Heidari, M. F. Buchely, K. Chandrashekhara, S. N. Lekakh, R. J. O'Malley, V. Athavale, A. Kumar

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Quenching is one of the primary processes to improve mechanical properties in steels, particularly hardness. Quenching is well established for different geometries of individually treated steel components; while in-steam quenching of large diameter continuously cast steel bar has several specific features which are difficult and costly to experimentally optimize. the end-quench Jominy test has been used extensively to study the hardenability of different steel grades. Different numerical, analytical, and empirical models have been developed to simulate the Jominy process and to understand quenching of steels. However, it is not straight forward to translate experimental data from Jominy test on instream …

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Ai-Enabled Assessment Of Roadway Integrity: Forecasting Bitumen Deformation And Road Stability Throughout The Lifecycle Under Traffic Impact, Sabahudin Vrtagic, Milan Dordevic, Fatih Dogan, Muhammed Codur, Mario Hoxha, Edis Softic Dec 2023

Ai-Enabled Assessment Of Roadway Integrity: Forecasting Bitumen Deformation And Road Stability Throughout The Lifecycle Under Traffic Impact, Sabahudin Vrtagic, Milan Dordevic, Fatih Dogan, Muhammed Codur, Mario Hoxha, Edis Softic

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Asphalt-paved Road junctions frequently encounter deformation and degradation challenges due to heavy vehicular traffic and varying climatic conditions, such as temperature fluctuations and precipitation. This study employs a multifaceted approach, incorporating a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model, ancillary machine learning techniques, and optimization methodologies, to address these challenges effectively. The primary objectives are the prediction and analysis of pavement deformation, the optimization of maintenance strategies, and the evaluation of road effectiveness. Our findings underscore the substantial contribution of heavy vehicles to road erosion and the profound impact of vehicular retention and braking at intersections. A Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model is utilized …

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Vacancy Ordering In Zirconium Carbide With Different Carbon Contents, Yue Zhou, Jeremy Lee Watts, Cheng Li, William Fahrenholtz, Gregory E. Hilmas Nov 2023

Vacancy Ordering In Zirconium Carbide With Different Carbon Contents, Yue Zhou, Jeremy Lee Watts, Cheng Li, William Fahrenholtz, Gregory E. Hilmas

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Zirconium carbide (ZrCx) ceramics with different carbon contents were prepared by reactive hot-pressing. The rock-salt structure of ZrCx was the only phase detected by x-ray diffraction of the hot pressed ceramics. The relative densities of ZrCx decreased as carbon content increased, in general. The actual carbon contents were measured by completely oxidizing the ZrCx ceramics to ZrO2. For most compositions, the actual carbon contents were higher than nominal batched compositions, presumably due to carbon uptake from the graphite furnace and hot press dies. Selected area electron diffraction and neutron powder diffraction revealed the presence of carbon vacancy ordering …

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Mechanism Underlying Effect Of Expansive Agent And Shrinkage Reducing Admixture On Mechanical Properties And Fiber-Matrix Bonding Of Fiber-Reinforced Mortar, Kamran Aghaee, Taihao Han, Aditya Kumar, Kamal Khayat Oct 2023

Mechanism Underlying Effect Of Expansive Agent And Shrinkage Reducing Admixture On Mechanical Properties And Fiber-Matrix Bonding Of Fiber-Reinforced Mortar, Kamran Aghaee, Taihao Han, Aditya Kumar, Kamal Khayat

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Expansive agent (EA) and shrinkage reducing admixture (SRA) are utilized to reduce shrinkage and risk of cracking in concrete. EA compensates shrinkage by initial expansion, and SRA reduces surface tension in the pore fluid. Although EA and SRA effectively reduce shrinkage, they can impair micro-structure of concrete at high contents. The shrinkage reduction effect of EA and SRA is well known; however, there is limited knowledge about their negative effect on microstructure and fiber matrix interfacial transition zone (ITZ). The current study explores the effect of using 10 % CaO-based EA, 2 % SRA, and their combination on mechanical, shrinkage, …

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Switching Of Control Mechanisms During The Rapid Solidification Of A Melt Pool, Yijia Gu, Jiandong Yuan, Lianyi Chen Oct 2023

Switching Of Control Mechanisms During The Rapid Solidification Of A Melt Pool, Yijia Gu, Jiandong Yuan, Lianyi Chen

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Solidification of Alloys is Typically Controlled by Solute Diffusion Due to the Solute Partitioning Happening at the Solid-Liquid Interface. in This Study, We Show that the Switching from Solute Diffusion-Controlled Growth to Thermal Diffusion-Controlled Growth May Happen at the Solidification Front during Rapid Solidification Processes of Alloys Such as Additive Manufacturing using a Phase-Field Model. the Switching is Found to Be Triggered by the Cooling of the Solid-Liquid Interface When It Becomes Colder Than the Solidus Temperature. the Switching Introduces a Sudden Jump of Growth Velocity, an Increase in Solute Concentration, and the Refining of the Resulting Microstructures. All …

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On The Prediction Of The Mechanical Properties Of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement: A Random Forest Approach Tailored To Cement Chemistry, Taihao Han, Bryan K. Aylas-Paredes, Jie Huang, Ashutosh Goel, Narayanan Neithalath, Aditya Kumar Oct 2023

On The Prediction Of The Mechanical Properties Of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement: A Random Forest Approach Tailored To Cement Chemistry, Taihao Han, Bryan K. Aylas-Paredes, Jie Huang, Ashutosh Goel, Narayanan Neithalath, Aditya Kumar

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) is a sustainable alternative to ordinary Portland cement, capable of reducing the binder's carbon footprint by 40% while satisfying all key performance metrics. The inherent compositional heterogeneity in select components of LC3, combined with their convoluted chemical interactions, poses challenges to conventional analytical models when predicting mechanical properties. Although some studies have employed machine learning (ML) to predict the mechanical properties of LC3, many have overlooked the pivotal role of feature selection. Proper feature selection not only refines and simplifies the structure of ML models but also enhances these models' prediction performance and interpretability. This …

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Graphite And Dispersant Additives For Battery Paste Compositions, Fatih Dogan, Julian Kosacki Sep 2023

Graphite And Dispersant Additives For Battery Paste Compositions, Fatih Dogan, Julian Kosacki

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Various graphite additives were incorporated into the positive battery paste composition to compare their effects on the positive active mass utilization of lead-acid batteries. The disclosure is related to battery paste composition for preparing a lead-acid battery plate comprising a graphite additive selected from the group consisting of globular natural graphite, natural flake graphite, expanded flake graphite, and combinations thereof. The disclosure is also related to a battery paste composition comprising a sodium polymethacrylate dispersant. The disclosure is further related to batteries prepared by these battery paste compositions.

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Electrosteric Control Of The Aggregation And Yielding Behavior Of Concentrated Portlandite Suspensions, Sharu Bhagavathi Kandy, Narayanan Neithalath, Mathieu Bauchy, Aditya Kumar, Edward Garboczi, Torben Gaedt, Samanvaya Srivastava, Gaurav Sant Aug 2023

Electrosteric Control Of The Aggregation And Yielding Behavior Of Concentrated Portlandite Suspensions, Sharu Bhagavathi Kandy, Narayanan Neithalath, Mathieu Bauchy, Aditya Kumar, Edward Garboczi, Torben Gaedt, Samanvaya Srivastava, Gaurav Sant

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Portlandite (calcium hydroxide: CH: Ca (OH)2) suspensions aggregate spontaneously and form percolated fractal aggregate networks when dispersed in water. Consequently, the viscosity and yield stress of portlandite suspensions diverge at low particle loadings, adversely affecting their processability. Even though polycarboxylate ether (PCE)-based comb polyelectrolytes are routinely used to alter the particle dispersion state, water demand, and rheology of similar suspensions (e.g., ordinary portland cement suspensions) that feature a high pH and high ionic strength, their use to control portlandite suspension rheology has not been elucidated. This study combines adsorption isotherms and rheological measurements to elucidate the role of PCE composition …

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