Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

X-Ray Studies Of Zirconium Cyanonitride, John T. Ballass

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research was to study, by means of x-ray and metallographic analysis, a material reported to be zirconium cyanonitride.

The x-ray analysis had a three fold purpose, the determination of the symmetry of the constituents, the number of phases present, and the crystal structure type. Metallography was used to confirm some of the results obtained by x-ray analysis establishing certain definite phase relationships present in the microstructure.

The sample investigated contained three principal elements namely zirconium, nitrogen, and carbon. On the basis of constitution this work is a contribution toward the development of the three component equilibrum …

The Effect Of Impeller Speed And Air-Volume On The Flotation Rate With Respect To Particle Size, William Edward Horst

Masters Theses

"Today the ore being mined is low grade and the mineralization has become very complex. In order to concentrate a complex ore, the requirement of grinding the ore very fine is imposed. The process of flotation was developed to concentrate the finely ground ore particles; however, the finer size fractions of the ore still present a concentrating problem.

The fact has been established that the flotation rate which is the recovery that can be attained during a given time interval varies with particle size. The flotation rate increases with an increase in particle size until the maximum flotation rate is …

The Effect Of Temper Carbon Nodule Number On The Physical Properties Of A Malleable Iron, William J. Ruprecht

Masters Theses

"It is known that the number of temper carbon nodules per unit volume of malleable iron has an effect on both the rate of anneal and on the resulting physical properties, but neither have been clearly worked out quantitatively. The purpose of this investigation is to ascertain the effect of temper carbon nodule number on certain of the physical properties of a commercial malleable iron.

Quantitative determinations of the effect of temper carbon nodule number would be essential from a theoretical viewpoint in working out the mechanism of graphtization, and would be useful in commercial practice in showing the most …

The Reactions Of The Sodium-, Potassium-, And The Lithium Tungsten Bronzes In The Solid State, Keki Khodadad Irani

Masters Theses

"The first part of this dissertation has the intention of determining whether MoO₃ forms solid solutions with Na-W bronze corresponding to the formula NaWO_3(1-x) (MoO₃)_x and whether the so-called “sodium-molybdenum bronze” exists.

The next part is concerned with the solubility of K-W bronze in Li-W bronze at high temperatures, in a vacuum, and the last part or this work has the intention of studying the solubility of K-W bronze in Na-W bronze at different temperatures.

The interest in this work is of a purely scientific nature rather than of academic interest"--Introduction, page 1.

Bauxite Versus Diaspore Clay In High Alumina (70%) Refractory Brick, Bhikhubhai Mahadeo Sedalia

Masters Theses

"The last twenty five years have seen a remarkable change in the character and types of refractories for furnace construction. Not much more than a few years ago, the production of refractories consisted almost solely of fireclay and silica shapes. A few high alumina bricks were made from Missouri diaspore clays or from bauxite and fire clays. At a later date, although little used, high alumina refractories were available which were made from alumina of a higher degree of purity, by the fusion process. Today refractories covering the entire range of composition from about 98% SiO₂ to 99 1/2% …

A Study Of Volatility And Desulfurization Of Titanium Disulfide, Sheng-Tai Shih

Masters Theses

"The application of high vacuum for the promotion of metallurgical reactions is a comparatively new development. During the war the need for high vacuum in producing magnesium by the Pidgeon Process and in certain phases of uranium purification led to the perfection of both equipment and technique for high vacuum operations. These developments helped open the way for the entirely new field of vacuum metallurgy.

The reduction of metal oxides in vacuum has been studied by Dr. Kroll and Dr. Schlechten. They have been able to reduce many metals from their oxides under reduced pressures using carbon as a reducing …

Investigation To Improve Recovery Of Copper And Gold From A Refractory Ore, Raymond Franklin Cathcart

Masters Theses

"Results of tests presented in this paper indicate that the Santa Maria del Oro ores might be processed by a method which should yield a gold recovery of 96 to 98 percent and a copper recovery of about 78 percent, both figures subject to an increase with further work and study of the problem.

In the method of processing outlined in Figure IX, the ores, mixed as under present operating procedure, would be crushed to minus 20-mesh and roasted with ten pounds of sodium chloride per ton of feed in a multiple-hearth, down-draft roaster at temperatures varying to a maximum …

The Depression Of Quartz In Sulphide Flotation, William Mcminn Billinghurst

Masters Theses

"The flotation of sulphide minerals from siliceous and calcareous gangue minerals always gives a concentrate that is contaminated to a greater or lesser degree with the gangue minerals, even though the collectors used do not show any appreciable collecting properties for the gangue minerals when they are treated alone. In an effort to reduce the amount of undesirable gangue mineral floated with the concentrate it is the practice to add arbitrary amounts of various reagents such as quebracho, alkali hydroxides, carbonates, silicates, sulphides, phosphates, fluorides, and sulphuric acid which have been found to be advantageous. The mechanism of depression is …

An Investigation Of Ruthenium As A Possible Ceramic Colorant, John Charles Williams

Masters Theses

"Some portion of almost every writing dealing with the historical development of ceramic products is devoted to describing the application of colors as found on even the most ancient specimens known to exist. A vase bearing the name of an Egyptian king living 5000 B. C. was glazed in green and inlaid with purple. There are many such examples of the utilization of color in ceramics which illustrate to a certain extent the aesthetic tastes of the very earliest and primitive civilizations.

In those early times, only a few elements were known and available that could be used for such …

A Study Of Some Raw Materials For The Manufacture Of Silica Brick, Charles E. Shulze

Masters Theses

"The ability of silica to carry a load to within a few degrees of its melting point and its tolerance for comparatively high concentrations of iron oxide and lime, have enabled it to maintain its position as the number one steelplant refractory. It is estimated that at least half of the volume of refractories used in the steel plant are silica bricks. Consequently the manufacture of silica refractories forms an industry of considerable importance.

Raw materials suitable for the manufacture of silica brick are widely distributed, but only a small number of deposits are used commercially for one reason or …

The Nature Of Molecular Films Of Oleic Acid On Quartz, Kenneth Lee Keating

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research was to show the nature of oleic acid on quartz mineral by transferring calcium oleate films, known to be monomolecular and of a definite orientation, to the surface of a piece of quartz, and measuring the resulting coated mineral by contact angle technique"--Introduction, page 1.

A Study Of Cast Eutectic Structures By Means Of Optical And X-Ray Microscopy, John Stanton Winston

Masters Theses

"The present research is the result of interest in two rather broad, and at first thought, seemingly entirely separate topics: the structure of eutectics and x-ray microscopy. D. Hanson in 1923 in his correspondence with Albert M. Portevin in regard to his article on the structure of eutectics states, "A point that always stuck him (D. Hanson) in examining eutectics was that one of the constituents always formed a continuous phase round the other one. The orientation of one constituent was either constant or varied in a uniform manner. What, however, was the condition of the 'enveloped' constituent, which formed …

An Experimental Study Of Crystallization In Opal Glass, William C. Rous

Masters Theses

"Opal glasses are well known from use in such forms as ointment jars, lighting globes, wall panelling [sic], and decorative effects in glass vases. Cryolite, fluorspar, and sodium fluosilicate are used in varying proportions in most glasses of this type. Since little is known of the mechanism of crystallization in opal glass, there is a definite need of gathering further information on this subject. This information is of particular interest to the manufacturers whose products consist of this type of glass. Further information would aid in control of the characteristics desired and perhaps would allow a more economical control"--Introduction, page …

Separation Of Copper And Zinc On Synthetic Resins, Ernest Joseph Breton

Masters Theses

"It was desired to know whether ion exchange resins could be of value to the metallurgist in the recovery and separation of metals. The recovery and separation of copper and zinc from dilute solutions on Amberlite IRC-50, a carboxylic resin, and Amberlite IR-120, a nuclear sulfonic resin, were investigated. It was found that Amberlite IRC-50 could effectively remove copper ions from a solution of copper and zinc. Amberlite IR-120, due to the strong sulfonic acid groups, exhibited only a slight preference for copper as compared to zinc. It would seem that a judicious choice of resins coupled with appropriate chemistry …

Solid Solution In The Series Sodium Tungsten Bronze, Lithium Tungsten Bronze And Tungstic Oxide, Godrej F. Doctor

Masters Theses

"The tungsten bronzes are a series of anionic substitutional solid solutions of alkali metal metatungstates and tungstic oxide. They are neither alloys nor intermetallic compounds, the term tungsten bronzes was adopted because of their remarkable metallic properties, e.g. luster, specific gravity and especially high electrical conductivity, which resembles to that of graphite. Due to its chemical inactivity and beautiful shades of color, it is used as a coating, especially in the plastic industry and for other ornamental products. The properties and the structure of these bronzes have not been investigated entirely satisfactory; within the last twenty years, only a few …

The Potassium Tungsten Bronzes, Ching Hou Ma

Masters Theses

"The tungsten bronzes are a series of substitutional solid solutions of alkali or alkaline earth metatungstates and tungstic oxides. They are not really metallic alloys or intermetallic compounds but they possess some marked metallic properties such as metallic luster, good electric conductivity, high specific gravity, etc. For this reason the name of "bronzes" is applied to them"--Introduction, page 1.

The Transformation Of The Aluminum-Zinc Eutectoid Alloy At Subcritical Temperatures, Thomas Joseph Burke

Masters Theses

"Interest in the mechanism of the austenite eutectoid transformation in iron-carbon alloys, especially as produced by the isothermal sub-critical techniques introduced by Davenport and Bain, has resulted in the application of similar heat treatment studies to the eutectoid transformations in other alloy systems. The study of the eutectoid transformation is of both fundamental and industrial interest because past experience has shown that these studies yielded much information concerning the nature and mechanism of the changes in eutectoid alloys during the decomposition of the phase stable at high temperatures and has also contributed much toward the development of new properties to …

A Study Of Missouri Flint Clay, Edmond Preston Hyatt

Masters Theses

"The problem is one of attempting to explain the peculiar nature of Missouri Flint Clay and to expand the knowledge concerning it. Among the questions for which answers are sought are: What makes Missouri Flint Clay so hard? What happens to Missouri Flint Clay when it is ground? What is the mineralogical constitution of Missouri Flint clay?"--Introduction, The Problem, page 1.

Separation Of Cobalt From Zinc Sulfate Solutions By Synthetic Cation Exchange Resins, Wen-Hsiang Chang

Masters Theses

"The purpose of the present research is primarily to investigate the possibility of the separation and recovery of cobalt from zinc sulfate solutions by means of cation exchange resins. It is thought that such an investigation, seemingly of academic interest, might throw some light on determining the possibility of processing some industrial solutions containing both cobalt and zinc. Cobalt, for instance, has been well known as one of the most detrimental impurities in zinc electrolytic solutions. In spite of various purification treatments, small amounts of cobalt are often present in the electrolytic solution, causing a reduction in current efficiency and …

Construction And Operation Of A Vacuum Retort Pilot-Plant For Distillation Of Alloys, Robert Frederick Doelling

Masters Theses

"The widespread appearance of large scale vacuum systems operating commercially in the micron range of pressures has initiated a new field of industrial endeavor, vacuum engineering. The ever increasing number of applications of vacuo in commercial processes and laboratory research has stimulated the design and improvement of vacuum equipment, and at the present time equipment may be obtained to meet practically any need. In turn, the variety of available tools has directed the engineers attention to improving old processes and developing new ones through the utilization of vacuum techniques ... The possibility of producing a relatively high purity silver in …

A High-Temperature X-Ray Diffraction Camera And Its Application To Copper And Titanium, Robert R. Penman

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research was threefold, and consists of the following sections: 1. Effective use of a high temperature x-ray camera, capable of reaching temperatures of 1000 ºC. 2. Investigation of the thermal dilation of certain cubic metals. 3. Accurate determination of the lattice constant (aₒ) of Beta Titanium at 900 ºC "--Introduction, page 1.

Reduction Of Zinc Sulphide In A Vacuum, Tien-Shih Liu

Masters Theses

"The successful large scale commercial application of high vacuum for high temperature metallurgical operations is a comparatively new development. The use of Pidgeon and the carbothermic processes for the production of magnesium during the war forced a perfection of both equipments and techniques for high vacuum operations. This opens broadly the way for a great expansion of vacuum metallurgy. Vacuum operation is thus no more a laboratory method - it is a kind of industrial practice. Many metallurgical operations, which cannot be carried out by ordinary processes, are made feasible when conducted in a reduced pressure. typical examples are the …

An Investigation Of The Production Of Multicarbide Of Tungsten And Titanium From Wo₃ - Tih₂ - C Mixtures, Chi-Mei Hsiao

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research was to investigate the possibility of producing the multicarbides of tungsten and titanium from a tungsten oxide-titanium hydride-carbon mixture. It appears to be worthwhile to carry out the reduction, carburization, and pre-alloying in one process, i.e. reducing tungsten oxide with the dissociated hydrogen from titanium hydride and the added carbon; then carburizing the reduced tungsten metal and dissociated titanium metal; at last, pre-alloying the mixture of TiC and WC. The replacement of titanium hydride with titanium oxide seems to be more direct, simple, and economical process; but the difficulty in the reduction of titanium oxide …

Barium-Tin Alloys, James Richard Whanger

Masters Theses

"The author attempted to produce alloys of barium and tin using metallic barium and barium hydride. Also, an attempt was made to study the phase diagram using thermal analysis and X-ray investigation"--Introduction, page 2

The Effect Of Silicate Ion And Hydroxyl Ion On The Abstraction Of Potassium Ethyl Xanthate By Galena, Pao-Zung Wu

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the silicate ion and the hydroxyl ion on the removal of potassium ethyl xanthate by galena; since the former ion is encountered during flotation owing to dissolution of silicates, and also sodium silicate being often used to disperse gangue minerals, and the latter one is encountered during floating in an alkaline circuit"--Introduction, page 1.

A Preliminary Investigation Of The Titanium-Copper Equilibrium System, August Robert Savu

Masters Theses

"The element titanium has a high degree of chemical activity at room temperature when in a finely divided condition. In the massive state this activity is only exhibited at high temperatures. The powdered metal is highly pyrophoric. Titanium forms quite stable sulphides and carbides, although these are subject to oxidation at high temperatures. It also form nitrides. Titanium being a transitional element forms hydrides with hydrogen which are stable at ordinary temperatures, but which dissociate at red heat liberating the hydrogen and leaving the metallic titanium in a very active state. Alloys are formed with such metals as aluminum, manganese, …

The Lithium Tungsten Bronzes, Shun Sheng Hsu

Masters Theses

"The 'tungsten bronzes are a series of anionic substitutional solid solutions of alkali or alkaline earth metal metatungstates and tungstic oxide. They are neither alloys or intermetallic compounds, the term "tungsten bronzes" was adopted because of their remarkable metallic properties -- e.g., high electrical conductivity, metallic luster on the crystal, and high specific gravity. Also owing to their intense and vivid colors and chemical inactivity it was possible to use them in the paint industry as a substitute for the so-called "bronze powders", the latter term is applied to the finely divided metal powders, such as aluminum, copper, brass, and …

Treatment Of Zinc Crusts By Vacuum Distillation, Chang-Hsu Shih

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research is to investigate the possibility of obtaining reasonably pure silver from the zinc crusts by vacuum distillation in one step. The effect of temperature, pressure, particle size, and time of distillation will be determined. The behavior of other constituents in the crusts are also to be studied"--Introduction, page 5.

Comparative Study Of The Collecting Property Of Naphthenic Acids With Oleic Acid As Applied To Calcite, Hematite, Barite, And Fluorspar, Siddhi Nath Mukherji

Masters Theses

"The present investigation was undertaken to find out any comparable collecting property of some of the industrial naphthenic acids available in the market with that of commercial grade of oleic acid so that some information may be available in selecting naphthenic acids as flotation collectors. In the flotation industry, usefulness of oleic acid as non-metallic minerals collector is well established. On the other hand, the use of naphthenic acids as flotation collector has been reported only in few cases. Even in those cases, no attempt has been made to correlate their collecting properties with that of their physical and chemical …

The Investigation Of Color Modification As A Result Of Solid Solution, Bobby Lee Mornin

Masters Theses

"To the ceramic industry, color has long been one of its chief problems, not only in reproducing colors in the many complex silicate structures but in the development of stains that are stable at high temperatures and that are economically feasible for mass production. At the present time a stable high temperature red or yellow would be very desirable. Solid solution has been employed in ceramics to modify and thereby provide ceramic materials of different physical characteristics. The limited data available with respect to such solid solution serves to indicate that perhaps this state may serve as an important means …