Engineering Science and Materials Commons^™

Multi-Agent Control System And Method, Piyush Grover, Karthik Elamvazhuthi

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Motion of multiple agents with identical non - linear dynamics is controlled to change density of the agents from the initial to the final density . A first control problem is formulated for optimizing a control cost of changing density of the agents from the initial density to the final density subject to dynamics of the agents in a density space . The first control problem , which is a non - linear non - convex problem over a multi - agent control and a density of the agents , is trans formed into a second control problem over the …

3d Printing Of Silk Fibroin-Based Hybrid Scaffold Treated With Platelet Rich Plasma For Bone Tissue Engineering, Liang Wei, Shaohua Wu, Mitchell Kuss, Xiping Jiang, Runjun Sun, Reid Patrick, Xiaohong Qin, Bin Duan

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

3D printing/bioprinting are promising techniques to fabricate scaffolds with well controlled and patient-specific structures and architectures for bone tissue engineering. In this study, we developed a composite bioink consisting of silk fibroin (SF), gelatin (GEL), hyaluronic acid (HA), and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and 3D bioprinted the silk fibroin-based hybrid scaffolds. The 3D bioprinted scaffolds with dual crosslinking were further treated with human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to generate PRP coated scaffolds. Live/Dead and MTT assays demonstrated that PRP treatment could obviously promote the cell growth and proliferation of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC). In addition, the treatment of PRP …

3d Printing Of Silk Fibroin-Based Hybrid Scaffold Treated With Platelet Rich Plasma For Bone Tissue Engineering, Liang Wei, Shaohua Wu, Mitchell Kuss, Xiping Jiang, Runjun Sun, Reid Patrick, Xiaohong Qin, Bin Duan

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

3D printing/bioprinting are promising techniques to fabricate scaffolds with well controlled and patient-specific structures and architectures for bone tissue engineering. In this study, we developed a composite bioink consisting of silk fibroin (SF), gelatin (GEL), hyaluronic acid (HA), and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and 3D bioprinted the silk fibroin-based hybrid scaffolds. The 3D bioprinted scaffolds with dual crosslinking were further treated with human platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to generate PRP coated scaffolds. Live/Dead and MTT assays demonstrated that PRP treatment could obviously promote the cell growth and proliferation of human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (HADMSC). In addition, the treatment of PRP …

Materials Selection Of 3d Printing Filament And Utilization Of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate (Pet) In A Redesigned Breadboard, Mark Keanu James E. Exconde, Julie Anne A. Co, Jill Z. Manapat, Eduardo R. Magdaluyo Jr.

Goal 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

The demand for a novel and sustainable alternative materials for 3D printer filaments has been knowingly increasing. One alternative source for the filament is to reuse and recycle post-consumer plastic products, which is also a compelling approach to conserve energy and sustain the environment. Thus, this study is focused on the materials selection of virgin polymer resins and recycled post-consumer plastics for use in 3D printer filaments. A multi-criteria decision method of Elimination and Choice Expressing the Reality (ELECTRE) was utilized to determine the best materials for 3D printer filaments. The study has shown that the virgin low-density polyethylene (LDPE) …

Me-Em Enewsbrief, September 2019, Department Of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering eNewsBrief

No abstract provided.

Measurement Of Stresses And Their Effect On Transport In Thin Film Battery Electrodes, Subhajit Rakshit

Dissertations

At the moment, there is a significant push towards environmentally friendly energy production and gasoline-free transportation technologies. As a result, there is a renewed interest in energy storage devices such as lithium-ion batteries which will play a key role in providing energy storage capability for these applications. However, the current battery technology is reaching its limits and may not meet future energy storage demands. The increased demand and the limited lithium reserves in geographically remote areas of the earth will lead to higher cost of Li. The alternative battery technologies, such as sodium-ion batteries, are promising due to their low …

Experimental Evaluation Of Self-Expandable Metallic Tracheobronchial Stents, Yanli Wang, Pengfei Dong, Jingyao Ke, Xiang Shen, Zongming Li, Kewei Ren, Xinwei Han, Linxia Gu

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

The self-expandable metallic stents have been widely used in tracheobronchial obstruction or fistulation, including the J-shaped and Y-shaped stents, named after the shape of the branch-stem junction of the stent. However, there is scarce data on the mechanical performance of these tracheobronchial stents, which is essential for optimal stent implantation. In this work, eight self-expandable metallic tracheobronchial stents in three types (i.e., straight, J-shaped, and Y-shaped), with or without cover, were characterized. The compression resistance of the stems was investigated through both compression and indentation tests. The bending resistance of the branches in the J-shaped and Y-shaped stents was assessed …

Interface Effects On He Ion Irradiation In Nanostructured Materials, Wenfan Yang, Jingyu Pang, Shijian Zheng, Jian Wang, Xinghang Zhang, Xiuliang Ma

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

In advanced fission and fusion reactors, structural materials suffer from high dose irradiation by energetic particles and are subject to severe microstructure damage. He atoms, as a byproduct of the (n) transmutation reaction, could accumulate to form deleterious cavities, which accelerate radiation-induced embrittlement, swelling and surface deterioration, ultimately degrade the service lifetime of reactor materials. Extensive studies have been performed to explore the strategies that can mitigate He ion irradiation damage. Recently, nanostructured materials have received broad attention because they contain abundant interfaces that are efficient sinks for radiation-induced defects. In this review, we summarize and analyze the current understandings …

The Linc Complex, Mechanotransduction, And Mesenchymal Stem Cell Function And Fate, Tasneem Bouzid, Eunju Kim, Brandon D. Riehl, Amir Monemian Esfahani, Jordan Rosebohm, Ruiguo Yang, Bin Duan, Jung Yul Lim

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show tremendous promise as a cell source for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, and are understood to be mechanosensitive to external mechanical environments. In recent years, increasing evidence points to nuclear envelope proteins as a key player in sensing and relaying mechanical signals in MSCs to modulate cellular form, function, and differentiation. Of particular interest is the Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex that includes nesprin and SUN. In this review, the way in which cells can sense external mechanical environments through an intact nuclear envelope and LINC complex proteins will be briefly described. Then, …

General Nonlinear-Material Elasticity In Classical One-Dimensional Solid Mechanics, Ronald Joseph Giardina Jr

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

We will create a class of generalized ellipses and explore their ability to define a distance on a space and generate continuous, periodic functions. Connections between these continuous, periodic functions and the generalizations of trigonometric functions known in the literature shall be established along with connections between these generalized ellipses and some spectrahedral projections onto the plane, more specifically the well-known multifocal ellipses. The superellipse, or Lam\'{e} curve, will be a special case of the generalized ellipse. Applications of these generalized ellipses shall be explored with regards to some one-dimensional systems of classical mechanics. We will adopt the Ramberg-Osgood relation …

Development Of Experimental And Finite Element Models To Show Size Effects In The Forming Of Thin Sheet Metals, Jeffrey D. Morris

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

Abstract

An experimental method was developed that demonstrated the size effects in forming thin sheet metals, and a finite element model was developed to predict the effects demonstrated by the experiment. A universal testing machine (UTM) was used to form aluminum and copper of varying thicknesses (less than 1mm) into a hemispherical dome. A stereolithography additive manufacturing technology was used to fabricate the punch and die from a UV curing resin. There was agreement between the experimental and numerical models. The results showed that geometric size effects were significant for both materials, and these effects increased as the thickness of …

On The Measurement Of Energy Dissipation Of Adhered Cells With The Quartz Microbalance With Dissipation Monitoring, Amir Monemian Esfahani, Weiwei Zhao, Jennifer Y. Chen, Changjin Huang, Ning Xi, Jun Xi, Ruiguo Yang

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

We previously reported the finding of a linear correlation between the change of energy dissipation (ΔD) of adhered cells measured with the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and the level of focal adhesions of the cells. To account for this correlation, we have developed a theoretical framework for assessing the ΔD-response of adhered cells. We rationalized that the mechanical energy of an oscillating QCM-D sensor coupled with a cell monolayer is dissipated through three main processes: the interfacial friction through the dynamic restructuring (formation and rupture) of cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) bonds, the interfacial viscous damping by the liquid …

Preparation Of Chitosan-Polyethylene Oxide-Colocasia Esculenta Flour Nanofibers Using Electrospinning Method, Riesca Ayu Kusuma Wardhani, Lia Asri, Muhamad Nasir, Bambang Sunendar Purwasasmita

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Nanofibers have been prepared from the mixture of chitosan, polyethylene oxide (PEO) and Colocasia esculenta flour (CE flour) by using the electrospinning method. Two different nanofibers were formulated, containing chitosan-PEO and chitosan-PEO-CE flour. The higher concentration of PEO (3%chitosan-6%PEO) (w/v) resulted in more uniform chitosan-PEO electrospun nanofibers without beads. Chitosan-PEO-CE flour was prepared by addition of colloidal CE flour into the solution containing 3%chitosan-6%PEO with variation of the CE flour concentration of 5, 15 and 25% (w/v). Scanning Electron Microscopy demonstrated that the average diameter of chitosan-PEO nanofibers was 128±41 nm, whereas the diameter of chitosan-PEO-CE flour nanofibers was 159±45 …

Study On The Thermal Distortion, Hardness, And Microstructure Of St 37 Steel Plate Joined Using Fcaw, Maijuansyah Maijuansyah, Yanuar Rohmat Aji Pradana, Gaguk Jatisukamto, Solichin Solichin

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

This study sets out to investigate the distortion angle, microstructure, and hardness of St 37 steel plate weld joint produced by FCAW using the welding current of 80, 110, and 140 A. By using flat position, CO2 and E71T-1 wire were utilized as a shielding gas and electrode filler, respectively. The distortion angle measurement was done on 3 different locations of the welded sample perpendicular to weld direction by using bevel protractor. The micro Vickers tests were then applied gradually at the crosssectional surface with a distance of 0, 5, 10 and 15 mm from weld centerline using the load …

Comparison Study Of Mechanical Properties Of Al-Si Alloy With And Without Nanoreinforce Iron Oxide (Fe2o3), Cepi Yazirin, Poppy Puspitasari, Muhamad Fatikul Arif

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Nanoreinforce materials such as ZnO, eggshell, Al2O3, TiO2, and ZrO2 have been shown to improve the mechanical properties of Al-Si alloy. Nanomaterial Fe2O3 has many applications as catalysts reaction in electronic devices, for example, semiconductor materials, paint formulations, lithium rechargeable batteries, and is often applied in industrial fields. It is known that Fe2O3 can be synthesized through the stirring process on machine and method used will involve several steps that relatively take a long time. In this study, Al-Si alloy reinforced by using nanomaterial Fe2O3 which sintered at a temperature of 600C for 3 hours aimed to improve mechanical and …

The Effect Of Chemical Pretreatment Process On Mechanical Properties And Porosity Of Bacterial Cellulose Film, Tito Arif Sutrisno, Heru Suryanto, Retno Wulandari, M. Muhajir, Shikh Mohd Shahrul Nizan Shikh Zahari

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a natural polymer which have superior properties, like high porosity, high purity, and high permeability. The study objective is to determine the influence of chemical pretreatment on tensile strength and the porosity of BC. The method was to make BC films from pineapple peel extract through fermentation process for 14 days. The pretreatment was conducted by immersion of BC in BmimCl, H2O2, and NaOH solution with a concentration of 2.5%; 5%; and 7.5 %, heated at 80 °C then dried in the oven, and the samples were then tested by a tensile test using ASTM-D636-V standard, …

The Characteristic Of Overhang Object To Material Usage On Fdm 3d Printing Technology, Redyarsa Dharma Bintara, Aminnudin Aminnudin, Zumrotul Ida, Ferian Rizki Arbianto, Dani Prasetiyo

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Fuse Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing is one of additive manufacturing technology which physical 3D model is build up layer by layer. The support structure is almost involved on the process if overhang shape is met on the 3D model. It has main function to prevent the 3D printed model from collapsing. Commonly, the single material source of FDM 3D printer machine is to supply building two structure, structure of main 3D object and support structure. Hence, our goal optimizes the using of support material for reducing the main material usage. Furthermore, the sixteen of variation overhang angle is set …

Elastic Linear Analysis Of Connecting Rods For Single Cylinder Four Stroke Petrol Engines Using Finite Element Method, Didin Zakariya Lubis, Andoko Andoko

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

A connecting rod is one of the most critical parts in engine assembly which transfers energy from the piston to the crankshaft. The connecting rod mainly undergoes tensile and compressive loading under engine cyclic process. The forces acting on the connecting rod are forces due to maximum combustion pressure and forces due to the inertia of the connecting rod. This research aimed to analyze the design of the connecting rod of single-cylinder four-stroke engines. This study used CAD software for modeling and structural design. Stresses generated across all the locations of the connecting rod were evaluated using FEA Software. Elastic …

Observations Of Shear Stress Effects On Staphylococcus Aureus Biofilm Formation, Erica Sherman, Kenneth W. Bayles, Derek Moormeir, Jennifer Endres, Timothy Wei

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Staphylococcus aureus bacteria form biofilms and distinctive microcolony or “tower” structures that facilitate their ability to tolerate antibiotic treatment and to spread within the human body. The formation of microcolonies, which break off, get carried downstream, and serve to initiate biofilms in other parts of the body, is of particular interest here. It is known that flow conditions play a role in the development, dispersion, and propagation of biofilms in general. The influence of flow on microcolony formation and, ultimately, what factors lead to microcolony development are, however, not well understood. The hypothesis being examined is that microcolony structures form …

Modeling Thermal And Mechanical Cancellation Of Residual Stress From Hybrid Additive Manufacturing By Laser Peening, Guru Madireddy, Chao Li, Jingfu Liu, Michael P. Sealy

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Additive manufacturing (AM) of metals often results in parts with unfavorable mechanical properties. Laser peening (LP) is a high strain rate mechanical surface treatment that hammers a workpiece and induces favorable mechanical properties. Peening strain hardens a surface and imparts compressive residual stresses improving the mechanical properties of a material. This work investigates the role of LP on layer-by-layer processing of 3D printed metals using finite element analysis. The objective is to understand temporal and spatial residual stress development after thermal and mechanical cancellation caused by cyclically coupling printing and peening. Results indicate layer peening frequency is a critical process …

Method For Fabrication Of A Soft-Matter Printed Circuit Board, Carmel Majidi, Tong Lu, Eric J. Markvicka

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

A fabrication process for soft - matter printed circuit boards is disclosed in which traces of liquid - phase Ga - In eutectic ( eGaIn ) are patterned with UV laser micromachining ( UVLM ) . The terminals of the elastomer - sealed LM circuit connect to the surface mounted chips through vertically aligned columns of eGaIn - coated ferromagnetic micro spheres that are embedded within an interfacial elastomer layer .

Pseudo-Spectral Method To Control Three-Degree-Of-Freedom Wave Energy Converters, Ossama Abdelkhalik, Giorgio Bacelli, Shangyan Zou, Rush D. Robinett Iii, David G. Wilson, Ryan G. Coe

Michigan Tech Patents

The invention provides optimal control of a three-degree-of-freedom wave energy converter using a pseudo-spectral control method. The three modes are the heave, pitch and surge. A dynamic model is characterized by a coupling between the pitch and surge modes, while the heave is decoupled. The heave, however, excites the pitch motion through nonlinear parametric excitation in the pitch mode. The invention can use a Fourier series as basis functions to approximate the states and the control. For the parametric excited case, a sequential quadratic programming approach can be implemented to numerically solve for the optimal control. The numerical results show …

Investigation Of Fundamental Principles Of Rigid Body Impact Mechanics, Khalid Alluhydan

Mechanical Engineering Research Theses and Dissertations

In impact mechanics, the collision between two or more bodies is a common, yet a very challenging problem. Producing analytical solutions that can predict the post-collision motion of the colliding bodies require consistent modeling of the dynamics of the colliding bodies. This dissertation presents a new method for solving the two and multibody impact problems that can be used to predict the post-collision motion of the colliding bodies. Also, we solve the rigid body collision problem of planar kinematic chains with multiple contacts with external surfaces.

In the first part of this dissertation, we study planar collisions of Balls and …

Generating Electrospray From A Ferrofluid, Lyon Bradley King

Michigan Tech Patents

An electrospray device for generating electrospray from a ferrofluid. The electrospray device includes an emitter, an extraction electrode, and a magnet. The emitter is configured to receive a ferrofluidic liquid. The extraction electrode includes an aperture and is positioned a first distance from the emitter. The magnet generates a magnetic field in a first direction toward the emitter. The magnetic field causes Rosensweig instability in the ferrofluidic liquid, and generates a ferrofluidic peak in the ferrofluidic liquid. The magnet is positioned a second distance from the emitter, and the emitter is positioned between the extraction electrode and the magnet. The …

Me-Em Enewsbrief, June 2019, Department Of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering eNewsBrief

No abstract provided.

Design And Control Of Fiber Encapsulation Additive Manufacturing, Matt Saari

Mechanical Engineering Research Theses and Dissertations

This work presents the design, development, and analysis of the Fiber Encapsulation Additive Manufacturing (FEAM) system developed at the Laboratory for Additive Manufacturing Robotics \& Automation at the Lyle School of Engineering at Southern Methodist University. The innovation introduced by FEAM is the ability to insert a continuous fiber of different material into the flowing extrudate. Correctly positioning the fiber feed inside the extrudate while turning the fiber in arbitrary directions is a critical aspect of the technology. This will allow for the full exploitation of the capabilities of the FEAM technology to produce robotic components that actuate and sense. …

Agent-Based Microgrid Architecture For Generation Following Protocols, Steven Goldsmith

Michigan Tech Patents

A system for predicting power and loads over a single, relatively short time horizon. More specifically, a system comprising a Storage Agent (S-agent) Cohort within a grid control society, wherein the system expands G and L intra-cohort protocols to allow the S-cohort to participate in power management of the grid by scheduling storage components in source or load roles as determined by the time-varying state of the power imbalance and by the risk-adjusting capacity margin relationship between the G and L cohorts.

Wearable Devices For Single-Cell Sensing And Transfection, Lingqian Chang, Yu-Chieh Wang, Faheem Ershad, Ruiguo Yang, Cunjiang Yu, Yubo Fan

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Wearable healthcare devices are mainly used for biosensing and transdermal delivery. Recent advances in wearable biosensors allow for long-term and real-time monitoring of physiological conditions at a cellular resolution. Transdermal drug delivery systems have been further scaled down, enabling wide selections of cargo, from natural molecules (e.g., insulin and glucose) to bioengineered molecules (e.g., nanoparticles). Some emerging nanopatches show promise for precise single-cell gene transfection in vivo and have advantages over conventional tools in terms of delivery efficiency, safety, and controllability of delivered dose. In this review, we discuss recent technical advances in wearable micro/nano devices with unique capabilities or …

Transferring Power Through A Magnetic Couple, Nickolas Cruz Villalobos Jr.

Senior Theses

Properties of several working magnetic coupled rotors have been measured and their performance compared to theoretical models. Axial magnetic couplers allow rotors to work within harsh environments, without the need for seals, proper alignment, or overload protection on a motor. The influence of geometrical parameters, such as distance from the center of the rotors, polarity arrangement, and the number of dipole pairs were experimentally tested. These results can be used to improve rotor designs, to increase strength and efficiency.

Predicting The Mechanical Properties Of Nanocomposites Reinforced With 1-D, 2-D And 3-D Nanomaterials, Scott Edward Muller

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Materials with features at the nanoscale can provide unique mechanical properties and increased functionality when included as part of a nanocomposite. This dissertation utilizes computational methods at multiple scales, including molecular dynamics (MD) and density functional theory (DFT), and the coupled atomistic and discrete dislocation multiscale method (CADD), to predict the mechanical properties of nanocomposites possessing nanomaterials that are either 1-D (carbyne chains), 2-D (graphene sheets), or 3-D (Al/amorphous-Si core-shell nanorod).

The MD method is used to model Ni-graphene nanocomposites. The strength of a Ni-graphene nanocomposite is found to improve by increasing the gap between the graphene sheet and a …