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Articles 91 - 120 of 219

Full-Text Articles in Power and Energy

Design Optimization Of Coreless Axial-Flux Pm Machines With Litz Wire And Pcb Stator Windings, Murat G. Kesgin, Peng Han, Narges Taran, Damien Lawhorn, Donovin Lewis, Dan M. Ionel Oct 2020

Design Optimization Of Coreless Axial-Flux Pm Machines With Litz Wire And Pcb Stator Windings, Murat G. Kesgin, Peng Han, Narges Taran, Damien Lawhorn, Donovin Lewis, Dan M. Ionel

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Coreless axial-flux permanent-magnet (AFPM) machines may be attractive options for high-speed and high-power-density applications due to the elimination of core losses. In order to make full use of the advantages offered by these machines and avoid excessive eddy current losses in windings, advanced technologies for winding conductors need to be employed to suppress the eddy effect, such as the Litz wire and printed circuit board (PCB). In this paper, the best practices for designing Litz wire/PCB windings are discussed and a brief survey of state of the art PCB winding technology is provided. Three coreless AFPM machines are mainly considered. …

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Survey Of Dc-Dc Non-Isolated Topologies For Unidirectional Power Flow In Fuel Cell Vehicles, Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar, Vigna K. Ramachandaramurthy, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Frede Blaabjerg, Dan M. Ionel, Massimo Mitolo, Dhafer Almakhles Sep 2020

Survey Of Dc-Dc Non-Isolated Topologies For Unidirectional Power Flow In Fuel Cell Vehicles, Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar, Vigna K. Ramachandaramurthy, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Frede Blaabjerg, Dan M. Ionel, Massimo Mitolo, Dhafer Almakhles

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

The automobile companies are focusing on recent technologies such as growing Hydrogen (H2) and Fuel Cell (FC) Vehicular Power Train (VPT) to improve the Tank-To-Wheel (TTW) efficiency. Benefits, the lower cost, `Eco' friendly, zero-emission and high-power capacity, etc. In the power train of fuel cell vehicles, the DC-DC power converters play a vital role to boost the fuel cell stack voltage. Hence, satisfy the demand of the motor and transmission in the vehicles. Several DC-DC converter topologies have proposed for various vehicular applications like fuel cell, battery, and renewable energy fed hybrid vehicles etc. Most cases, the DC-DC power converters …

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Lstm Forecasts For Smart Home Electricity Usage, Rosemary E. Alden, Huangjie Gong, Cristinel Ababei, Dan M. Ionel Sep 2020

Lstm Forecasts For Smart Home Electricity Usage, Rosemary E. Alden, Huangjie Gong, Cristinel Ababei, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

With increasing of distributed energy resources deployment behind-the-meter and of the power system levels, more attention is being placed on electric load and generation forecasting or prediction for individual residences. While prediction with machine learning based approaches of aggregated power load, at the substation or community levels, has been relatively successful, the problem of prediction of power of individual houses remains a largely open problem. This problem is harder due to the increased variability and uncertainty in user consumption behavior, which make individual residence power traces be more erratic and less predictable. In this paper, we present an investigation of …

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The Effect Of High Efficiency Building Technologies And Pv Generation On The Energy Profiles For Typical Us Residences, Evan S. Jones, Rosemary E. Alden, Huangjie Gong, Andrew G. Frye, Donald G. Colliver, Dan M. Ionel Sep 2020

The Effect Of High Efficiency Building Technologies And Pv Generation On The Energy Profiles For Typical Us Residences, Evan S. Jones, Rosemary E. Alden, Huangjie Gong, Andrew G. Frye, Donald G. Colliver, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

The penetrations of high efficiency technologies and photovoltaic (PV) generation are increasing in the residential sector. Technologies such as improved insulation and efficient HVAC systems significantly affect the energy profile of a house. This effect varies due to climate characteristics, i.e. temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, and wind speeds. The effect of other technologies, such as efficient water heaters, lighting, or kitchen appliances, is mainly governed by human behavior, which may be represented by a schedule. This paper studies the performance of both climate-influenced and scheduled household devices among different levels of efficiency through combined computational and experimental methods. Three …

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On The Feasibility Of Electrification For Large Mobile Cranes, Donovin Lewis, Damien Lawhorn, Dan M. Ionel Sep 2020

On The Feasibility Of Electrification For Large Mobile Cranes, Donovin Lewis, Damien Lawhorn, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Trends towards vehicle electrification to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and increase drive train efficiency have led vehicle manufacturers to seek out paths towards gradual hybridization. For heavy duty construction vehicles, electrification consists of two principle components: electric hybridization of the vehicle carrier and the vehicle's auxiliary function. Economic and physical feasibility for the transition to electrical replacements for critical system components is important for the gradual development of electrified systems. In this paper, we present an investigation into multiple pathways for the hybridization of mobile cranes paired with simulations that analyze the feasibility of system electrification. ADVISOR was used …

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An Aggregated And Equivalent Home Model For Power System Studies With Examples Of Building Insulation And Hvac Control Improvements, Huangjie Gong, Evan S. Jones, Dan M. Ionel Aug 2020

An Aggregated And Equivalent Home Model For Power System Studies With Examples Of Building Insulation And Hvac Control Improvements, Huangjie Gong, Evan S. Jones, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Introducing new technologies into existing residences provides opportunities for the utility to enhance a community's power system performance. To validate the benefits of such technologies, an energy model is required in which their integration with a community's power system may be simulated. It can be difficult or impossible to properly model a power system without sufficient sample data. This paper proposes a method that uses Gaussian kernel density estimation (GKDE) to calculate the aggregated net power flow of a community's distribution system with only limited sample points at each time step. Example case studies that confirm the usefulness of the …

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Dynamic Modeling And Optimal Design For Net Zero Energy Houses Including Hybrid Electric And Thermal Energy Storage, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel, Donald G. Colliver, Shaun Duerr, Cristinel Ababei Jul 2020

Dynamic Modeling And Optimal Design For Net Zero Energy Houses Including Hybrid Electric And Thermal Energy Storage, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel, Donald G. Colliver, Shaun Duerr, Cristinel Ababei

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Net zero energy (NZE) houses purchase zero net metered electricity from the grid over a year. Technical challenges brought forth by NZE homes are related to the intermittent nature of solar generation, and are due to the fact that peak solar generation and load are not coincident. This leads to a large rate of change of load, and in case of high PV penetration communities, often requires the installation of gas power plants to service this variability. This paper proposes a hybrid energy storage system including batteries and a variable power electric water heater which enables the NZE homes to …

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A Network Graph Technique For The Design Of Electric Aircraft Power Systems, Damien Lawhorn, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel Jun 2020

A Network Graph Technique For The Design Of Electric Aircraft Power Systems, Damien Lawhorn, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Today the electrification of flight is more popular than ever, creating a wide array of concept aircraft and associated power system topologies. In order to gain insights into benefits of these varying architectures, this paper introduces the development of a framework for electric aircraft power system (EAPS) optimization. The proposed framework accepts inputs from a designer in the form of component parameters and desired flight mission characteristics. A collective graph representing many architectures is formed, from which, subgraphs or power system topologies meeting the flight requirements are extracted and analyzed. An optimum topology meeting the flight requirements with minimum mass, …

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Optimization Of Aggregated Ev Power In Residential Communities With Smart Homes, Huangjie Gong, Dan M. Ionel Jun 2020

Optimization Of Aggregated Ev Power In Residential Communities With Smart Homes, Huangjie Gong, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Electric vehicles (EVs) tend to increase peak power for residences in the evening when house owners return home and begin charging. The aggregated EV charging demand can cause a sudden rise in the peak power at the distribution system level, resulting in a “dragon curve” Such phenomenon, combined with the “duck curve” that is caused by high photovoltaic (PV) penetration in residential communities, requires fast ramping rates and expanded capabilities for local distribution transformers and main feeder cables provided by the utility. As a solution, a residential energy storage system (RESS) can store surplus PV generation during midday and use …

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Analysis And Investigation Of Hybrid Dc–Dc Non-Isolated And Non-Inverting Nx Interleaved Multilevel Boost Converter (Nx-Imbc) For High Voltage Step-Up Applications: Hardware Implementation, Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar, Dhafer J. Almakhles, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Frede Blaabjerg, Umashankar Subramaniam, Dan M. Ionel May 2020

Analysis And Investigation Of Hybrid Dc–Dc Non-Isolated And Non-Inverting Nx Interleaved Multilevel Boost Converter (Nx-Imbc) For High Voltage Step-Up Applications: Hardware Implementation, Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar, Dhafer J. Almakhles, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Frede Blaabjerg, Umashankar Subramaniam, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

In significant cases, the generated voltage needs to be step-up with high conversion ratio by using the DC-DC converter as per the requirement of the load. The drawbacks of traditional boost converter are it required high rating semiconductor devices and have high input current ripple, low efficiency, and reverse recovery voltage of the diodes. Recently, the family of Multilevel Boost Converter suggested and suitable configuration to overcome the above drawbacks. In this article, hybrid DC-DC non-isolated and non-inverting Nx Interleaved Multilevel Boost Converter (Nx-IMBC) is analyzed in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) and Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) with boundary condition and …

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The Design And Analysis Of Large Solar Pv Farm Configurations With Dc Connected Battery Systems, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel May 2020

The Design And Analysis Of Large Solar Pv Farm Configurations With Dc Connected Battery Systems, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Typically, solar inverters curtail or “clip” the available power from the PV system when it exceeds the maximum ac capacity. This paper discusses a battery system connected to the dc-link of an inverter to recuperate this PV energy. Contrary to conventional approaches, which employ two dc-dc converters, one each for the battery and solar PV system, the proposed configuration utilizes a single dc-dc converter capable of simultaneously operating as a charge controller and a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) tracking device. In addition to improving the overall system capacity factor, increasing the conversion efficiencies and ensuring MPPT stability, the proposed …

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Evaluating The Effects Of Electric And Magnetic Loading On The Performance Of Single And Double Rotor Axial Flux Pm Machines, Narges Taran, Greg Heins, Vandana Rallabandi, Dean Patterson, Dan M. Ionel Apr 2020

Evaluating The Effects Of Electric And Magnetic Loading On The Performance Of Single And Double Rotor Axial Flux Pm Machines, Narges Taran, Greg Heins, Vandana Rallabandi, Dean Patterson, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Axial flux PM (AFPM) machines are used particularly in applications requiring a compact structure. Their disc shape topology and axial air-gap have led to a variety of configurations including two popular ones: the yokeless and segmented armature (YASA), and the single-stator single rotor or single sided machine. In this study, a comprehensive comparative analysis of these configurations is conducted at different magnetic and electric loadings. It is found that at lower loadings, typically employed for air-cooled machines, the torque/ampere characteristics of the YASA machine are almost identical to those of a single sided machine constructed with half the magnet volume. …

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Fault Identification On Electrical Transmission Lines Using Artificial Neural Networks, Christopher W. Asbery Jan 2020

Fault Identification On Electrical Transmission Lines Using Artificial Neural Networks, Christopher W. Asbery

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Transmission lines are designed to transport large amounts of electrical power from the point of generation to the point of consumption. Since transmission lines are built to span over long distances, they are frequently exposed to many different situations that can cause abnormal conditions known as electrical faults. Electrical faults, when isolated, can cripple the transmission system as power flows are directed around these faults therefore leading to other numerous potential issues such as thermal and voltage violations, customer interruptions, or cascading events. When faults occur, protection systems installed near the faulted transmission lines will isolate these faults from the …

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Systematically Exploring The Effects Of Pole Count On The Performance And Cost Limits Of Ultrahigh Efficiency Fractional Hp Axial Flux Pm Machines, Narges Taran, Vandana Rallabandi, Greg Heins, Dan M. Ionel Jan 2020

Systematically Exploring The Effects Of Pole Count On The Performance And Cost Limits Of Ultrahigh Efficiency Fractional Hp Axial Flux Pm Machines, Narges Taran, Vandana Rallabandi, Greg Heins, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Optimizing the design of electric machines is a vital step in ensuring the economical use of active materials. The three-dimensional (3-D) flux paths in axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines necessitate the use of computationally expensive 3-D electromagnetic analysis. Furthermore, a large number of design evaluations is required to find the optimum, causing the total computation time to be excessively long. In view of this, a two-level surrogate assisted algorithm capable of handling such expensive optimization problems is introduced, which substantially reduces the number of finite element analysis (FEA) evaluations to less than 200 while conventional algorithms require thousands of …

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Expanded Predictive Equation For Dc Arc-Flash Incident Energy In 125v Battery Systems, Austin Gaunce Jan 2020

Expanded Predictive Equation For Dc Arc-Flash Incident Energy In 125v Battery Systems, Austin Gaunce

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Arc-flash is a dangerous phenomenon that can occur during an arcing fault in an electrical system. People nearby may be subjected to extreme heat, light, pressure, and sound. Research regarding arc-flash has focused primarily on AC arc-flash due to the prevalence of AC electricity in the grid. However, the grid has begun to integrate more DC electrical sources as a result of decentralization efforts and environmental concerns. The increased proliferation of DC electrical sources demands research into DC arc-flash to assess the hazard as low-voltage DC sources have already become commonplace. Some DC arc-flash models have been produced to estimate …

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Integration Of Large Pv Power Plants And Batteries In The Electric Power System, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo Jan 2020

Integration Of Large Pv Power Plants And Batteries In The Electric Power System, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

The declining cost of renewables, the need for cleaner sources of energy, and environmental protection policies have led to the growing penetration of inverter-based resources such as solar photovoltaics (PV), wind, and battery energy storage systems (BESS) into the electric power system. The intermittent nature of these resources poses multiple challenges to the power grid and substantial changes in the conventional generation and electrical power delivery practices will be required to accommodate the large penetration of these renewable power plants. The impact of large solar PV penetration on both generation and transmission systems, and the use of BESS to mitigate …

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Overview Of Flywheel Systems For Renewable Energy Storage With A Design Study For High-Speed Axial-Flux Permanent-Magnet Machines, Murat G. Kesgin, Peng Han, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel Nov 2019

Overview Of Flywheel Systems For Renewable Energy Storage With A Design Study For High-Speed Axial-Flux Permanent-Magnet Machines, Murat G. Kesgin, Peng Han, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Flywheel energy storage is considered in this paper for grid integration of renewable energy sources due to its inherent advantages of fast response, long cycle life and flexibility in providing ancillary services to the grid, such as frequency regulation, voltage support, etc. The fundamentals of the technology and recent developments are reviewed, firstly with an emphasis on the design considerations and performance metrics. Then the progress and development trends in electric motor/generators employed in flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) are summarized, showing the potential of axial-flux permanent-magnet (AFPM) machines in such applications. Design examples of high-speed AFPM machines are provided …

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Optimal Combinations Of Utility Level Renewable Generators For A Net Zero Energy Microgrid Considering Different Utility Charge Rates, Evan S. Jones, Huangjie Gong, Dan M. Ionel Nov 2019

Optimal Combinations Of Utility Level Renewable Generators For A Net Zero Energy Microgrid Considering Different Utility Charge Rates, Evan S. Jones, Huangjie Gong, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

High initial investment and the intermittent nature of resources are major challenges for large scale renewable generation. The size of photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine (WT) farms in the microgrid needs optimized to avoid curtailment and to efficiently meet the demand of a power system. Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) may also be used to improve flexibility. This paper explores the optimal sizing for PV and wind generators, as well as a BESS at the utility level for a large grid-connected net zero energy (NZE) hybrid microgrid considering characteristics such as initial investment, levelized cost of energy (LCOE), operating costs, …

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Smart Plug And Circuit Breaker Technologies For Residential Buildings In The Us, Rosemary E. Alden, Peng Han, Dan M. Ionel Nov 2019

Smart Plug And Circuit Breaker Technologies For Residential Buildings In The Us, Rosemary E. Alden, Peng Han, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

A significant proportion of the total energy in conventional homes across the United States is used by electric plug loads, which include various electronic devices and home appliances, excluding the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) units and electric water heaters. Considerable energy savings are expected to be possible by managing these plug loads effectively based on user behavior data. Smart plugs and circuit breakers that can control and monitor energy usage on a real-time basis are becoming increasingly popular alongside the rapid development of smart home energy management. This paper reviews the recent advances on the subject matter with …

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Systematic Comparison Of Two Axial Flux Pm Machine Topologies: Yokeless And Segmented Armature Versus Single Sided, Narges Taran, Greg Heins, Vandana Rallabandi, Dean Patterson, Dan M. Ionel Oct 2019

Systematic Comparison Of Two Axial Flux Pm Machine Topologies: Yokeless And Segmented Armature Versus Single Sided, Narges Taran, Greg Heins, Vandana Rallabandi, Dean Patterson, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

This paper systematically compares two axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines designed for a university student racing car application: a double-rotor single-stator yokeless and segmented armature (YASA) structure, and a single- stator single-rotor configuration. Both machines are optimized for minimum loss and active weight using 3D finite element analysis and the highest performing candidate designs are compared in more detail. The studies indicate that the benefits offered by the YASA configuration over the single-stator single-rotor machine are achieved only for specific designs that are heavier. For the design space with lower mass, albeit with increased losses, the Pareto front designs …

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Axial-Field Vernier-Type Flux Modulation Machines For Low-Speed Direct-Drive Applications, Vandana Rallabandi, Peng Han, Murat G. Kesgin, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel Sep 2019

Axial-Field Vernier-Type Flux Modulation Machines For Low-Speed Direct-Drive Applications, Vandana Rallabandi, Peng Han, Murat G. Kesgin, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

This paper proposes different configurations of axial-field machines featuring a very large ratio of the number of rotor poles to stator teeth and coils suitable for low-speed direct-drive traction applications. The machines have a single rotor with spoke-type permanent magnets and the stator teeth include auxiliary slots, the function of which is to enhance the high-polarity component of the stator magnetomotive force interacting with the rotor to produce a net torque. The machines can be constructed with three or two phases, in which case they inherently exhibit high tolerance to faults due to the combined effect of a lack of …

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On The Control Of A Solid State Transformer For Multi-Mw Utility-Scale Pv-Battery Systems, Yibin Zhang, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Jiangbiao He, Dan M. Ionel Sep 2019

On The Control Of A Solid State Transformer For Multi-Mw Utility-Scale Pv-Battery Systems, Yibin Zhang, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Jiangbiao He, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

The utility-scale photovoltaic (PV)-battery systems typically include multiple power converters connected to the grid via traditional line frequency transformers (LFT), which may be considered bulky, and inefficient when compared with the emerging solid state transformers (SST). This paper proposes a SST with power and voltage controls for utility-scale PV-battery systems. The PV system was modeled based on available data from a universal solar facility located in Kentucky, USA. Furthermore, this paper provides detailed controller designs for the proposed utility-scale PV-battery system based on a SST which includes: the PV-side dual-active bridge (DAB) converter tracks the maximum power point, the PV …

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A Hybrid Analytical And Fe-Based Method For Calculating Ac Eddy Current Winding Losses Taking 3d Effects Into Account, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel Sep 2019

A Hybrid Analytical And Fe-Based Method For Calculating Ac Eddy Current Winding Losses Taking 3d Effects Into Account, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

This paper proposes a new hybrid analytical and numerical FE-based method for calculating ac eddy current losses in wire windings and demonstrates its applicability for axial flux electric machines. The method takes into account 3D field effects in order to achieve accurate results and yet greatly reduce computational efforts. It is also shown that hybrid methods based on 2D FE models, which require semi-empirical correction factors, may over-estimate the eddy current losses. The new 3D FE-based method is advantageous as it employs minimum simplifications and considers the end turns in the eddy current path, the magnetic flux density variation along …

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Measurement And Estimation Of The Equivalent Circuit Parameters For Multi-Mw Battery Systems, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel Sep 2019

Measurement And Estimation Of The Equivalent Circuit Parameters For Multi-Mw Battery Systems, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

This paper proposes and validates through simulations and measurements, a procedure for the determining the equivalent circuit parameters of large utility-scale batteries. It is considered that a large battery includes multiple cells connected in series and parallel, and therefore, its equivalent circuit can be represented as a series-parallel network of state of charge (SOC) dependent resistors and capacitors. Tests for determining these equivalent circuit parameters are proposed. These tests involve subjecting the battery energy storage system (BESS) to multiple charge and discharge cycles, while monitoring the terminal voltage and current response. A method for post-processing and analyzing the measurements in …

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On The Optimal Energy Controls For Large Scale Residential Communities Including Smart Homes, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Michael L. Mcintyre, Dan M. Ionel Sep 2019

On The Optimal Energy Controls For Large Scale Residential Communities Including Smart Homes, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Michael L. Mcintyre, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

Residences with smart home energy management (HEM) systems and solar generation are modifying domestic load profiles. Moreover, the growing penetration of solar photovoltaic (PV) energy brings the total net power demand further down as houses become local generators. High PV penetration introduces technical challenges for the power system including the "duck curve". This paper proposes a co-simulation framework for high PV penetration smart energy communities which allows the simultaneous simulation of home energy consumption along with control algorithms for each house, as well as system power flow. Models are developed and presented for one of the largest rural field demonstrators …

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Modeling And Simulation Of A Utility-Scale Battery Energy Storage System, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel Aug 2019

Modeling And Simulation Of A Utility-Scale Battery Energy Storage System, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

This paper presents the modeling and simulation study of a utility-scale MW level Li-ion based battery energy storage system (BESS). A runtime equivalent circuit model, including the terminal voltage variation as a function of the state of charge and current, connected to a bidirectional power conversion system (PCS), was developed based on measurements from an operational utility-scale battery demonstrator. The accelerated response of the battery unit was verified by pulse discharging it from maximum to minimum SOC and its application for grid resiliency was demonstrated through an example droop control frequency response. For the purpose of validating the equivalent BESS …

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Load Variation Reduction By Aggregation In A Community Of Rooftop Pv Residences, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel Aug 2019

Load Variation Reduction By Aggregation In A Community Of Rooftop Pv Residences, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

This paper performs computational studies and develops control schemes for a virtual power plant (VPP) network formed by a community of homes with rooftop solar PV generation, and battery energy storage. Appropriate control and scheduling of the battery operations, and peer-peer power flow between the homes provide a possible solutions for reducing the higher costs and uncertainties brought to grid by high solar PV penetration. The residential community studied here includes twelve homes categorized into four types depending on whether they have energy storage or rooftop solar PV panels. The homes exchange power among themselves, and the real-time electricity rate …

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Beneficial Reuse Of Industrial Co2 Emissions Using A Microalgae Photobioreactor: Waste Heat Utilization Assessment, Daniel T. Mohler, Michael H. Wilson, Zhen Fan, John G. Groppo, Mark Crocker Jul 2019

Beneficial Reuse Of Industrial Co2 Emissions Using A Microalgae Photobioreactor: Waste Heat Utilization Assessment, Daniel T. Mohler, Michael H. Wilson, Zhen Fan, John G. Groppo, Mark Crocker

Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty and Staff Publications

Microalgae are a potential means of recycling CO2 from industrial point sources. With this in mind, a novel photobioreactor (PBR) was designed and deployed at a coal-fired power plant. To ascertain the feasibility of using waste heat from the power plant to heat algae cultures during cold periods, two heat transfer models were constructed to quantify PBR cooling times. The first, which was based on tabulated data, material properties and the physical orientation of the PBR tubes, yielded a range of heat transfer coefficients of 19–64 W m−2 K−1 for the PBR at wind speeds of 1–10 …

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Waved: A Coreless Axial Flux Pm Motor For Drive Systems With Constant Power Operation, Narges Taran, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel Jun 2019

Waved: A Coreless Axial Flux Pm Motor For Drive Systems With Constant Power Operation, Narges Taran, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

In this paper, a two-phase coreless AFPM machine with wave winding, 2-stators, and 3-rotors for traction applications is studied. A highly general optimization method, employing 3D FEA as the computational engine is employed. Number of poles in addition to other geometrical variables are included as independent optimization variables. A method for extending the speed range by rotating one of the stator discs with respect to the other at constant power operation is proposed. An inverter configuration including Si and wide band gap devices is proposed to be employed in conjunction with the machine under study. The study includes a comparison …

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Modeling And Control Of A Multiport Converter Based Ev Charging Station With Pv And Battery, Yibin Zhang, Jiangbiao He, Dan M. Ionel Jun 2019

Modeling And Control Of A Multiport Converter Based Ev Charging Station With Pv And Battery, Yibin Zhang, Jiangbiao He, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

As an environmental friendly vehicle, the increasing number of electrical vehicles (EVs) leads to a pressing need of widely distributed charging stations, especially due to the limited on-board battery capacity. However, fast charging stations, especially super-fast charging stations may stress power grid with potential overload at peaking time, sudden power gap and voltage sag. This paper discusses the detailed modeling of a multiport converter based EV charging station integrated with PV power generation, and battery energy storage system, by using ANSYS TwinBuilder. In this paper, the control scheme and combination of PV power generation, EV charging station, and battery energy …

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