Electronic Devices and Semiconductor Manufacturing Commons^™

S.A.V.E. M.E., Taylor Davis, Kelly Nicole O'Neill, Adrianna M. Dunlap, Parsa Esshaghi Bayat

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

S.A.V.E. M.E. stands for Submerged Automated Vehicular Elevation Minor Extraction or alternatively a Home Swimming Pool Rescue Device. The objective of this project is to design and prototype a system that will make unattended swimming pools through detecting a victim’s presence, deploying a means to save the victim, and alerting others nearby of the situation. This system encompasses sensors and devices within the pool and an alarm system outside of the pool. Upon detection of a sufficiently sized object entering the pool when the system is armed, a device will maneuver to the victim and deploy a flotation device that …

Investigating The Effect Of Detecting And Mitigating A Ring Oscillator-Based Hardware Trojan, Lakshmi Ramakrishnan

Electrical Engineering Theses and Dissertations

The outsourcing of the manufacturing process of integrated circuits to fabrications plants all over the world has exposed these chips to several security threats, especially at the hardware level. There have been instances of malicious circuitry, such as backdoors, being added to circuits without the knowledge of the chip designers or vendors. Such threats could be immensely powerful and dangerous against confidentiality, among other vulnerabilities.

Defense mechanisms against such attacks have been probed and defense techniques have been developed. But with the passage of time, attack techniques have improved immensely as well. From directly observing the inputs or outputs, adversaries …

Parameters Affecting The Resistivity Of Lp-Ebid Deposited Copper Nanowires, Gabriel Smith

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Electron Beam Induced Deposition (EBID) is a direct write fabrication process with applications in circuit edit and debug, mask repair, and rapid prototyping. However, it suffers from significant drawbacks, most notably low purity. Work over the last several years has demonstrated that deposition from bulk liquid precursors, rather than organometallic gaseous precursors, results in high purity deposits of low resistivity (LPEBID). In this work, it is shown that the deposits resulting from LP-EBID are only highly conductive when deposited at line doses below 25μC/cm. When the dose exceeds this value, the resulting structure is highly porous providing a poor conductive …

An Exact Analysis For Four-Order Acousto-Optic Bragg Diffraction Which Incorporates Both Incident Light Angle And Sound Frequency Dependencies, Adeyinka Sunday Ademola

Electrical Engineering Theses

This thesis extends the prior work which produced an exact solution to the four-order acousto-optic (AO) Bragg cell with assumed fixed center frequency and with exact Bragg angle incident light. The extension predicts the model that incorporates the dependencies of both the input angle of light and the sound frequency. Specifically, a generalized 4^th order linear differential equation (DE), is developed from a simultaneous analysis of four coupled AO system of DEs. Through standard methods, the characteristic roots, which requires solving a quartic equation, is produced. Subsequently, a derived system of homogeneous solutions, which absorbs the roots obtained using …

Design And Test Of A Gate Driver With Variable Drive And Self-Test Capability Implemented In A Silicon Carbide Cmos Process, Matthew Barlow

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Discrete silicon carbide (SiC) power devices have long demonstrated abilities that outpace those of standard silicon (Si) parts. The improved physical characteristics allow for faster switching, lower on-resistance, and temperature performance. The capabilities unleashed by these devices allow for higher efficiency switch-mode converters as well as the advance of power electronics into new high-temperature regimes previously unimaginable with silicon devices. While SiC power devices have reached a relative level of maturity, recent work has pushed the temperature boundaries of control electronics further with silicon carbide integrated circuits.

The primary requirement to ensure rapid switching of power MOSFETs was a gate …

The Effect Of Power Supply Ramp Time On Sram Puf's, Abdelrahman T. Elshafiey Mr.

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are security primitives that exploit the device mismatches. PUFs are a promising solution for hardware cryptography and key storage. They are used in many security applications including identification, authentication and key generation. SRAM is one of the popular implementations of PUFs. SRAM PUFs offer the advantage, over other PUF constructions, of reusing resources (memories) that already exist in many designs.

In this thesis, for the first time, it is demonstrated that the start-up value of an SRAM PUF could be different depending on the SRAM power supply rising time. An analytical model has been developed to …

Si-Based Germanium-Tin (Gesn) Emitters For Short-Wave Infrared Optoelectronics, Seyed Amir Ghetmiri

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Conventional integrated electronics have reached a physical limit, and their efficiency has been influenced by the generated heat in the high-density electronic packages. Integrated photonic circuits based on the highly developed Si complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) infrastructure was proposed as a viable solution; however, Si-based emitters are the most challenging component for the monolithic integrated photonic circuits. The indirect bandgap of silicon and germanium is a bottleneck for the further development of photonic and optoelectronic integrated circuits.

The Ge1-xSnx alloy, a group IV material system compatible with Si CMOS technology, was suggested as a desirable material that theoretically exhibits a direct bandgap …

Compact Modeling Of Sic Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors, Sonia Perez

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents a unified (n-channel and p-channel) silicon/silicon carbide Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) compact model in both MAST and Verilog-A formats. Initially, the existing MAST model mobility equations were updated using recently referenced silicon carbide (SiC) data. The updated MAST model was then verified for each device tested. Specifically, the updated MAST model was verified for the following IGBT devices and operation temperatures: n-channel silicon at 25 ˚C and at 125 ˚C; n-channel SiC at 25 ˚C and at 175 ˚C; and p-channel SiC at 150 ˚C and at 250 ˚C. Verification was performed through capacitance, DC output …

High Temperature Silicon Carbide Mixed-Signal Circuits For Integrated Control And Data Acquisition, Ashfaqur Rahman

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Wide bandgap semiconductor materials such as gallium nitride (GaN) and silicon carbide have grown in popularity as a substrate for power devices for high temperature and high voltage applications over the last two decades. Recent research has been focused on the design of integrated circuits for protection and control in these wide bandgap materials. The ICs developed in SiC and GaN can not only complement the power devices in high voltage and high frequency applications, but can also be used for standalone high temperature control and data acquisition circuitry.

This dissertation work aims to explore the possibilities in high temperature …

Chipper: Capacitive Bed Occupancy Sensing For An Intelligent Alarm Clock, David Levi

Electrical Engineering

What if your alarm clock knew when you got out—and stayed out—of bed? Current alarm clocks happily let you go back to bed after turning them off. In this project, I build an alarm which only stops ringing when you get out bed, and starts ringing again if you lie back in bed.

This project uses capacitance to detect bed occupancy. A person on or near the bed creates a tiny, picofarads level increase in capacitance, as seen by a sensor placed under the mattress. A microprocessor interprets this signal, and also drives an audio alarm. Shielding of the sensor …

Phase Locked Loop Integrated Circuit, Scott Buchanan, Jonathan Bonello

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Design And Fabrication Techniques Of Devices For Embedded Power Active Contact Lens, Errol Heradio Leon

Master's Theses

This thesis designed and fabricated various devices that were interfaced to an IC for an active contact lens that notifies the user of an event by detection of an external wireless signal. The contact lens consisted of an embedded antenna providing communication with a 2.4GHz system, as well as inductive charging at an operating frequency of 13.56 MHz. The lens utilized a CBC005 5µAh thin film battery by Cymbet and a manufactured graphene super capacitor as a power source. The custom integrated circuit (IC) was designed using the On Semiconductor CMOS C5 0.6 µm process to manage …

Design Of A High Performance Silicon Carbide Cmos Operational Amplifier, Shaila Amin Bhuyan

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents the design, simulation, layout and test results of a silicon carbide (SiC) CMOS two-stage operational amplifier (op amp) with NMOS input stage. The circuit has been designed to provide a stable open-loop voltage gain (60 dB), unity-gain bandwidth (around 5 MHz) and maintain a high CMRR and PSRR within a useful input common mode range over process corners and a wide temperature range (25 °C - 300 °C). Between the two stages a Miller compensation topology is placed to improve the phase margin (around 45°). Due to the comparatively high threshold voltage values of transistors in SiC, …

Design, Simulation And Implementation Of Three-Phase Bidirectional Dc-Dc Dual Active Bridge Converter Using Sic Mosfets, Tariq Aldawsari

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The use of SiC-based martials in fabricating power semiconductor devices has shown more interest than conventional silicon-based. Its promising abilities to improve the performance of power electronic systems made it a valuable choice in building high power DC-DC converters. This thesis presents the design and implementation of a three-phase bidirectional DC-DC Dual Active Bridge using SiC MOSFETs. The proposed circuit is first built in Matlab for simulation analysis. Then a phase shift modulation controller is designed in Simulink to test the simulation circuit. The controls are then integrated through an FPGA to test the prototype. Simulations and experimental results are …

Low Voltage Cmos Sar Adc Design, Ryan Hunt

Electrical Engineering

This project centers on the design of a single ended 10-bit successive approximation register analog to digital converter (SAR ADC for short) that easily interfaces to a micro-controller, such as an Arduino. With micro-controller interfacing in mind, the universal data transfer technique of SPI proved an easy way to communicate between the ADC and the micro-controller. The ADC has a range of 1V (highest code value) to 0V (lowest code value) and operates from a single voltage rail value of 1.8V. Typical SPI clock speeds run on the order of 2MHz and with a 10-bit ADC this means a sampling …

Mos Current Mode Logic (Mcml) Analysis For Quiet Digital Circuitry And Creation Of A Standard Cell Library For Reducing The Development Time Of Mixed Signal Chips, David Marusiak

Master's Theses

Many modern digital systems use forms of CMOS logical implementation due to the straight forward design nature of CMOS logic and minimal device area since CMOS uses fewer transistors than other logic families. To achieve high-performance requirements in mixed-signal chip development and quiet, noiseless circuitry, this thesis provides an alternative toCMOSin the form of MOS Current Mode Logic (MCML). MCML dissipates constant current and does not produce noise during value changing in a circuit CMOS circuits do. CMOS logical networks switch during clock ticks and with every device switching, noise is created on the supply and ground to deal with …

Physical Design Of A Smart Camera With Integrated Digital Pixel Sensors Using A 0.13Μm 8-Layer Metal Cmos Process, Mahir K. Gharzai

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The design of cameras has historically kept imagery and computational circuitry isolated in an attempt to maximize image quality by improving pixel pitch and routing density. Although this technique has worked in creating high density arrays of pixels for large resolution imagers, it has never been able to achieve high framerate computational operations.

A radical approach is introduced to solve this dilemma by creating compact, low- power pixel elements with built-in analog-to-digital converters that directly interface with digital logic. These pixels are capable of integrating alongside logic cells and to create an array of pixels inside the processor that can …

Max Operation In Statistical Static Timing Analysis On The Non-Gaussian Variation Sources For Vlsi Circuits, Abu M. Baker

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

As CMOS technology continues to scale down, process variation introduces significant uncertainty in power and performance to VLSI circuits and significantly affects their reliability. If this uncertainty is not properly handled, it may become the bottleneck of CMOS technology improvement. As a result, deterministic analysis is no longer conservative and may result in either overestimation or underestimation of the circuit delay. As we know that Static-Timing Analysis (STA) is a deterministic way of computing the delay imposed by the circuits design and layout. It is based on a predetermined set of possible events of process variations, also called corners of …

An Ant-Based Sensor Measurement Data Gathering System, Bolun Zhang, Dimitrios Peroulis

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Large-scale industries involved with a great amount of sensor measurements in their work are facing many challenges in data collection. Sensors are not on the same network; therefore each measurement has to be managed separately. Gathering all the measurement data to one terminal could be difficult. Once a measurement is obtained, it takes significant amount of time to process the data.The approaches our group takes here is to build a giant ANT wireless network that holds all the sensors’ measurements. To be more specific, every sensor has an ANT chip set up on its side. Each ANT chip is as …

The Development And Packaging Of A High-Density, Three-Phase, Silicon Carbide (Sic) Motor Drive, Jared Hornberger

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Technology advances within the power electronics field are resulting in systems characterized by higher operating efficiencies, reduced footprint, minimal form factor, and decreasing mass. In particular, these attributes and characteristics are being inserted into numerous consumer applications, such as light-emitting diode lighting, compact fluorescent lighting, smart phones, and tablet PCs, to industrial applications that include hybrid, electric, and plug-in electric vehicles and more electric aircraft. To achieve the increase in energy efficiency and significant reduction in size and mass of these systems, power semiconductor device manufacturers are developing silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductor technology.

In this dissertation, the author discusses the …

Delay Insensitive Ternary Logic Utilizing Cmos And Cntfet, Ravi Sankar Parameswaran Nair

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

As digital circuit design continues to evolve due to progress of semiconductor processes well into the sub 100nm range, clocked architectures face limitations in a number of cases where clockless asynchronous architectures require substantially less power, generate less noise, and produce less electromagnetic interference (EMI). This dissertation develops the Delay Insensitive Ternary Logic (DITL) asynchronous design paradigm that combines the designs aspects of similar Dual-Rail asynchronous paradigms and Boolean logic to create a single wire per bit, three voltage signaling and logic scheme.

DITL is designed at the transistor level using multi-threshold CMOS and carbon nanotube (CNT) FETs to develop …

An Rf Cmos Implementation Of An Adaptive Filter For Narrow-Band Interferer Suppression In Uwb Systems, Markus Both

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology is a new type of technology for wireless communication that is based on the transmission of low power sub-nanosecond pulses. UWB communication utilizes a large bandwidth that overlaps and is coexistent with other wireless communication standards that can be also considered as narrow-band interferers. Because UWB systems are highly susceptible to narrow-band interferers, there is a demand for interferer suppression. An adaptive filter consisting of a two-element diversity receiver that performs minimum mean square error combining (MMSE) by the LMS algorithm is proposed. Thereby the elements of the LMS algorithm as well as the receiver LNA were …

Full Custom Vlsi Design Of On-Line Stability Checkers, Chris Y. Lee

Master's Theses

A stability checker is a clocked storage element, much like a flip-flop, which detects unstable and late signals in the pipeline of a digital system. The On-line stability checker operates concurrently with its associated circuit-under-test (CUT). This thesis describes the full custom very-large-scale integration (VLSI) design and testing process of On-Line Stability Checkers. The goals of this thesis are to construct and test Stability Checker designs, and to create a design template for future class projects in the EE 431 Computer-Aided Design (CAD) of VLSI Devices course at Cal Poly.

A method for concurrent fault testing called On-line Stability Checking …

Laser Cursor, Michael Liman

Electrical Engineering

A user controls a cursor on a computer screen using a laser pointer.  A camera picks up the laser pointer’s position and sends the data to the computer to move the cursor in the correct position.

Project 308: Augmented Reality Mario Kart, Joseph Abad, David Allender, Joryl Calizo, Ryan Gaspar, Gavin Lee

Computer Engineering

Mario Kart is a popular go-kart racing game developed by Nintendo. The premise of the game is simple: drive a go-kart along a racetrack and reach the finish line before the other players. What makes this game unique, however, is the inclusion of weapons, traps, and other projectiles that a player can use to gain an advantage in the race. We have taken on the challenge of not only recreating this amazing game, but using the art of Augmented Reality to fully immerse the player in the full experience. Rather than play the game on a television screen with a …

Hand-Held Flyback Driven Coaxial Dielectric Barrier Discharge: Development And Characterization, Victor J. Law, Vladimir Milosavljevic, Neil O’Connor, James F. Lalor, Steven Daniels

Articles

The development of a handheld single and triple chamber atmospheric pressure coaxial dielectric barrier discharge driven by Flyback circuitry for helium and argon discharges is described. The Flyback uses external metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor power switching technology and the transformer operates in the continuous current mode to convert a continuous dc power of 10–33 W to generate a 1.2–1.6 kV 3.5 μs pulse. An argon discharge breakdown voltage of ∼768 V is measured. With a 50 kHz, pulse repetition rate and an argon flow rate of 0.5–10 argon slm (slm denotes standard liters per minute), the electrical power density deposited in …

Monte Carlo Analysis Of Millimeter-Wave Gan Based Gunn Effect Oscillators, Sridhara Viswanadham

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Gunn diodes are one of the most common high frequency solid-state oscillators at the present time, and are considered as promising devices for millimeter and submillimeter wave applications. Monte Carlo studies of Gunn diodes based on bulk wurtzite GaN have been carried out in this thesis research. Two structures have been examined: (i) devices with conventional single notch structure and (ii) repetitive structures with serial segments to fashion a "multiple domain" device. Wurtzite GaN has been chosen because of the high drift velocity and because analytical expressions for the band structure have recently become available. Performance parameters of interest such …

Design For Signal Integrity In High Frequency, High Density Circuit Boards, Juan Manuel Talavera Martinez

Theses

The electronics market is continually seeking fast and small high performance products. The clock frequency in computer systems is often above 2GHz and new generations of laptops have considerably reduced in size. These features make printed circuit board (PCB) design more difficult than in the past.

This thesis is an investigation of the current design of high speed PCB. The complexity of this type of circuit makes the designer needs an extensive knowledge of the techniques used to generate a reliable signalling, in other words, signal integrity. To achieve this objective, the design community has to overcome several problem related …