Electrical and Electronics Commons^™

Removing Parallax-Induced False Changes In Change Detection, Karmon M. Vongsy

Theses and Dissertations

Accurate change detection (CD) results in urban environments is of interest to a diverse set of applications including military surveillance, environmental monitoring, and urban development. This work presents a hyperspectral CD (HSCD) framework. The framework uncovers the need for HSCD methods that resolve false change caused by image parallax. A Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) statistic for HSCD is developed that accommodates unknown mis-registration between imagery described by a prior probability density function for the spatial mis-registration. The potential of the derived method to incorporate more complex signal proccessing functions is demonstrated by the incorporation of a parallax error mitigation …

Electrical Characterization Of Spherical Copper Oxide Memristive Array Sensors, James P. Orta

Theses and Dissertations

A new System Protection (SP) technology is explored by using electrical and mechanical interference-sensing devices that are implemented with granular memristive material. The granular materials consist of oxide-coated copper spheres with radii of about 700 µm that are placed in contact to produce thin oxide junctions which exhibit memristive behavior. Processes for etching, which compared acetic acid and nitric acid etches, and thermal oxidation at 100°C are performed and compared to produce copper spheres with a copper oxide layer over the sphere surface. Oxidized copper spheres are tested as sensor arrays by loading into a capillary tube in an aligned …

Memristive Responses Of Jammed Granular Copper Array Sensors To Mechanical Stress, Gary A. Willey

Theses and Dissertations

A granular memristive device with the end goal of creating a novel system protection device is introduced in a 1-Dimension array. The electromechanical network will lay the groundwork for future 2-Dimensional and 3-Dimensional devices for simultaneous protection from intrusion. Off the shelf copper spheres with diameter of 710 ± 11microns were found through nano-indentation measurements to have elastic modulus of 106GPa, and compressive yield strength of 729MPa, these spheres were prepared for test in a 1-Dimensional array device. The arrays response to mechanical perturbations modeled by Hertz contact mechanics can be monitored by simultaneous electrical measurements across the multiple metal-insulator-metal …

Numerical Analysis Of First-Order Acousto-Optic Bragg Diffraction Of Profiled Optical Beams Using Open-Loop Transfer Functions, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Fares S. Almehmadi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

In standard acousto-optic Bragg analysis, the incident light and sound beams are assumed to be uniform plane waves (with constant profiles) leading to the results based on standard weak interaction theory. As a follow-up to earlier work dealing with nonuniform incident optical beams, we revisit the problem of Bragg diffraction under nonuniform profiles, and include Gaussian, third-order Hermite–Gaussian, and zeroth-order Bessel profiles in our investigation, along with a few others. The first-order diffracted beam is examined (using a transfer function formalism based on angular spectra) under several parametric limits [such as the Klein–Cook parameter Q, the effective profile width, and …

Investigation Of Degradation Effects Due To Gate Stress In Gan-On-Si High Electron Mobility Transistors Through Analysis Of Low Frequency Noise, Michael Curtis Meyer Masuda

Master's Theses

Gallium Nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistors (HEMT) have superior performance characteristics compared to Silicon (Si) and Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) based transistors. GaN is a wide bandgap semiconductor which allows it to operate at higher breakdown voltages and power. Unlike traditional semiconductor devices, the GaN HEMT channel region is undoped and relies on the piezoelectric effect created at the GaN and Aluminum Gallium Nitride (AlGaN) heterojunction to create a conduction channel in the form of a quantum well known as the two dimensional electron gas (2DEG). Because the GaN HEMTs are undoped, these devices have higher electron mobility crucial for …

The Garage Band Lightshow, Jason Descenzo

Electrical Engineering

The expenses musicians accrue make it hard to afford all the different equipment needed to perform and very unlikely that the average start up band or artist can afford the luxury of a musical light show in their early performances. The Garage Band Lightshow provides an easily set up and affordable way for musicians to use concert lighting in their performances. The Garage Band Lightshow provides one LED box. The light box responds to an audio signal and provides varying pulses and colors of light depending on the high, mid, and low frequencies of the audio signal. The Garage Band …

Singing Arc, Justin Kis

Electrical Engineering

This project aims to develop a singing arc. A singing arc is commonly, though mistakenly, referred to as a plasma speaker. Whereas a traditional speaker uses a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal to move an electromagnet, which in turn moves a cone, which generates sound waves, the singing arc sends a PWM signal through a standing spark, which vibrates, which generates sound waves.

Several plans for the singing arc are readily available online. This project will analyze the similarities between a selection of them, try to eliminate any faults in design, and improve the function of the circuit. The final …

Polarimetric Calibration And Characterization Of The Telops Field Portable Polarimetric-Hyperspectral Imager, Joel G. Holder

Theses and Dissertations

The Telops polarimetric-hyperspectral imager combines polarimetric and hyperspectral technologies to enable enhanced scene characterization. The Defense Threat Reduction Agency funded research at AFIT to leverage this capability to provide more accurate scene information to radiation transport models that will allow for more effective location of radiation sources within a region of interest. To support the objectives of the DTRA effort, there is a requirement for highly accurate radiometric, polarimetric, and spectral data on a pixel-by-pixel basis. The complex nature of the Telops instrument combined with working in the thermal IR waveband makes achieving this accuracy a challenge. This thesis develops …

The Trackpacer, Alexandra Kline

Liberal Arts and Engineering Studies

Competitive and recreational runners struggle to maintain a target pace during workouts and currently have no easy-to-see visual feedback on their pace. Lack of real-time, easy-to-see pace feedback makes it difficult for athletes to maintain a target pace and thereby makes their workouts less effective. Some GPS watches provide pacing feedback, but they are impossible to read while running hard.

Pacing is a basic yet essential component of track and field, no matter what type of running event is taking place. During practice, certain paces are prescribed to evoke certain physiological responses from athletes. For example, a coach might ask …

Fuzz Pedal Design Project, Kyle Schaefer

Biomedical Engineering

The purpose of this project was to design and build a high quality, yet affordable, analog “fuzz” guitar pedal kit to be sold to other members of Cal Poly’s Audio Engineering Society. The Audio Engineering Society (AES) has hosted pedal-building projects in the past, but my project partner Michael Twardochleb first had the idea to build an original kit to be officially affiliated with the club. Michael had built other pedals of his own in the past, making him an excellent partner to have for this project. Our design was based on the classic Vox Tonebender’s circuit, which was in …

Opportunistic Access In Frequency Hopping Cognitive Radio Networks, Ethan S. Hennessey

Theses and Dissertations

Researchers in the area of cognitive radio often investigate the utility of dynamic spectrum access as a means to make more efficient use of the radio frequency spectrum. Many studies have been conducted to find ways in which a secondary user can occupy spectrum licensed to a primary user in a manner which does not disrupt the primary user's performance. This research investigates the use of opportunistic access in a frequency hopping radio to mitigate the interference caused by other transmitters in a contentious environment such as the unlicensed 2.4 GHz region. Additionally, this work demonstrates how dynamic spectrum access …

Investigation Of Profiled Beam Propagation Through A Turbulent Layer And Temporal Statistics Of Diffracted Output For A Modified Von Karman Phase Screen, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Fathi H.A. Mohamed

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Gaussian beam propagation through a turbulent layer has been studied using a split-step methodology. A modified von Karman spectrum (MVKS) model is used to describe the random behavior of the turbulent media. Accordingly, the beam is alternately propagated (i) through a thin Fresnel layer, and hence subjected to diffraction; and (ii) across a thin modified von Karman phase screen which is generated using the power spectral density (PSD) of the random phase obtained via the corresponding PSD of the medium refractive index for MVKS turbulence.

The random phase screen in the transverse plane is generated from the phase PSD by …

Numerical Inversion And Assessment Of 2d Laplace Transforms Using The Brancik Algorithm And Its Use In 3d Holography, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Le Feng

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

An analytic examination of 3D holography under a 90° recording geometry was carried out earlier in which 2D spatial Laplace transforms were introduced in order to develop transfer functions for the scattered outputs under readout [1,2].

Thereby, the resulting reconstructed output was obtained in the 2D Laplace domain whence the spatial information would be found only by performing a 2D Laplace inversion. Laplace inversion in 2D was attempted by testing a prototype function for which the analytic result was known using two known inversion algorithms, viz., the Brancik and the Abate [2]. The results indicated notable differences in the 3D …

Second-Harmonic Double-Resonance Cones In Dispersive Hyperbolic Metamaterials, Domenico De Ceglia, Maria Antonietta Vincenti, Salvatore Campione, Filippo Capolino, Joseph W. Haus, Michael Scalora

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We study the formation of second-harmonic double-resonance cones in hyperbolic metamaterials. An electric dipole on the surface of the structure induces second-harmonic light to propagate into two distinct volume plasmon-polariton channels: a signal that propagates within its own peculiar resonance cone and a phase-locked signal that is trapped under the pump's resonance cone. Metamaterial dispersion and birefringence induce a large angular divergence between the two volume plasmon polaritons, making these structures suitable for subwavelength second- and higher-harmonic imaging microscopy.

On The Merits Of Deploying Tdm-Based Next-Generation Pon Solutions In The Access Arena As Multiservice, All Packet-Based 4g Mobile Backhaul Ran Architecture, Syed Rashid N. Zaidi

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The phenomenal growth of mobile backhaul capacity required to support the emerging fourth-generation (4G) traffic including mobile WiMAX, cellular Long-Term Evolution (LTE), and LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) requires rapid migration from today's legacy circuit switched T1/E1 wireline and microwave backhaul technologies to a new fiber-supported, all-packet-based mobile backhaul infrastructure. Clearly, a cost effective fiber supported all-packet-based mobile backhaul radio access network (RAN) architecture that is compatible with these inherently distributed 4G RAN architectures is needed to efficiently scale current mobile backhaul networks. However, deploying a green fiber-based mobile backhaul infrastructure is a costly proposition mainly due to the significant cost associated with …

Optical Properties Of Solar Cells Based On Zinc(Hydr)Oxide And Its Composite With Graphite Oxide Sensitized By Quantum Dots, S. M. Zakirul Islam

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This thesis research focuses on developing a hybrid form of solar cell based on zinc(hydr)oxide and its composites with graphite oxide, TiO2, quantum dot, electrolyte and . This work expands upon the Gratzel solar cell with a dye in TiO2.

Due to various structural and optical characteristics, zinc(hydr)oxide (Zn(OH)2) and its porous composites with 2% and 5% graphite oxide(GO) can be used for various applications including the manufacture of various , protective elements in electric and electronic appliances, as gas-sensors, catalysts, in cosmetics a UV light absorber, and solar cells.

In this research, both TiO2 and zinc(hydr)oxide (refer as Zn(OH)2 …

Model Predictive Control Of Timed Continuous Petri Nets, Huaiyu Zhan

Theses

This thesis addresses the optimal control problem of timed continuous Petri nets. The theory of Model Predictive Control (MPC) is first discussed. Then continuous Petri nets (PN) are introduced as a powerful tool for modelling, simulation and analysis of discrete event/continuous systems. Their useful capabilities are studied. Finally, a macroscopic model based on PN as a tool for designing control laws that improve the behavior of traffic systems is given. The goal is to find an approach that minimizes the total delay of cars in an intersection by computing the switching sequence of the traffic lights. The simulation results show …

On Kernel-Base Multi-Task Learning, Cong Li

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) has been an active research area in machine learning for two decades. By training multiple relevant tasks simultaneously with information shared across tasks, it is possible to improve the generalization performance of each task, compared to training each individual task independently. During the past decade, most MTL research has been based on the Regularization-Loss framework due to its flexibility in specifying various types of information sharing strategies, the opportunity it offers to yield a kernel-based methods and its capability in promoting sparse feature representations. However, certain limitations exist in both theoretical and practical aspects of Regularization-Loss-based MTL. …

Modeling And Fault Detection In Dc Side Of Photovoltaic Arrays, Mohd Akram

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fault detection in PV systems is a key factor in maintaining the integrity of any PV system. Faults in photovoltaic systems can cause irrevocable damages to the stability of the PV system and substantially decrease the power output generated from the array of PV modules. Among'st the various AC and DC faults in a PV system, the clearance of the AC side faults is achieved by conventional AC protection schemes,the DC side, however , there still exists certain faults which are difficult to detect and clear. This paper deals with the modeling, detection and classification of these types of DC …

Visual Geo-Localization And Location-Aware Image Understanding, Amir Roshan Zamir

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Geo-localization is the problem of discovering the location where an image or video was captured. Recently, large scale geo-localization methods which are devised for ground-level imagery and employ techniques similar to image matching have attracted much interest. In these methods, given a reference dataset composed of geo-tagged images, the problem is to estimate the geo-location of a query by finding its matching reference images. In this dissertation, we address three questions central to geo-spatial analysis of ground-level imagery: 1) How to geo-localize images and videos captured at unknown locations? 2) How to refine the geo-location of already geo-tagged data? 3) …

Rf Energy Harvesting For Implantable Ics With On-Chip Antenna, Yu-Chun Liu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Nowadays, as aging population increasing yearly, the health care technologies for elder people who commonly have high blood pressure or Glaucoma issues have attracted much attention. In order to care of those people, implantable integrated circuits (ICs) in human body are the direct solution to have 24/7 days monitoring with real-time data for diagnosis by patients themselves or doctors. However, due to the small size requirement for the implanted ICs located in human organs, it's quite challenging to integrate with transmitting and receiving antenna in a single chip, especially operating in 5.8-GHz ISM band. This research proposes a new idea …

Identifying Influential Agents In Social Systems, Mahsa Maghami

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation addresses the problem of influence maximization in social networks. In- fluence maximization is applicable to many types of real-world problems, including modeling contagion, technology adoption, and viral marketing. Here we examine an advertisement domain in which the overarching goal is to find the influential nodes in a social network, based on the network structure and the interactions, as targets of advertisement. The assumption is that advertisement budget limits prevent us from sending the advertisement to everybody in the network. Therefore, a wise selection of the people can be beneficial in increasing the product adoption. To model these social …

Investigation Of Dual-Stage High Efficiency And Density Micro Inverter For Solar Application, Lin Chen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Module integrated converters (MIC), also called micro inverter, in single phase have witnessed recent market success due to unique features (1) improved energy harvest, (2) improved system efficiency, (3) lower installation costs, (4) plug-N-play operation, (5) and enhanced flexibility and modularity. The MIC sector has grown from a niche market to mainstream, especially in the United States. Due to the fact that two-stage architecture is commonly used for single phase MIC application. A DC-DC stage with maximum power point tracking to boost the output voltage of the Photovoltaic (PV) panel is employed in the first stage, DC-AC stage is used …

Voltage Smoothing With A Capacitor, Martin Copello

Undergraduate Journal of Mathematical Modeling: One + Two

A rectifier is an electrical circuit that converts alternating current to direct current, e.g., a half wave rectifier removes lower valleys of the AC voltage wave. If a capacitor is placed in parallel with a half wave rectifier, the transition from voltage peak to peak is smoothed to closer resemble constant DC voltage. The objective of this project was to model the voltage changes of a half wave rectifier with a parallel capacitor. It was found that the smoothness of the voltage waves increased as the capacitance of the capacitor increased.

Active Current Injection Method For Limiting Ground Fault Current Harmonics In Underground Coal Mines, Yigong Zhang

Theses and Dissertations--Mining Engineering

Current practice in U.S. underground coal mine high-voltage distribution systems is to attempt to limit ground fault current to 25 Amperes and de-energize the circuit at 10 Amperes. However, the significant amount of system capacitance due to the use of shielded cables can cause ground fault current to be two or three times the intended ground fault limit. Consequently, this practice can cause several issues such as ground fault currents significantly exceeding the neutral grounding resistor current limit, loss of relay selectivity in the distribution system, and transient overvoltages in certain ground fault situations. These issues are solved to some …

Rss Based Localization In A Rayleigh Fading Environment, Rojina Adhikary

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this thesis is to quantify the improvement that can be obtained in sensor agent localization accuracy as a function of the number of multipath components that can be resolved. We assume that a known number sensor agents are located at unknown coordinates within a rectangular grid having anchors at the corner locations, whose locations are known. Further, we assume fading is Rayleigh and that the propagation constant is constant but unknown. Also, we assume that modulation is spread spectrum and that either the sensors or agents are capable of resolving multipath components down to the chip level …

Adaptive Relay-Selection In Decode-And-Forward Cooperative Systems, Adham Ahmed Hagag

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the past few years adaptive decode-and-forward cooperative diversity systems have been studied intensively in literature. Many schemes and protocols have been proposed to enhance the performance of the cooperative systems while trying to alleviate its drawbacks. One of the recent schemes that had been shown to give high improvements in performance is the best-relay selection scheme. In the best-relay selection scheme only one relaying nodes among the relays available in the system is selected to forward the source's message to the destination. The best relay is selected as the relay node that can achieve the highest end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio …

Design And Implementation Of An X-Band Passive Rfid Tag, Praharshin Melaka Senadeera

Dissertations

This research presents a novel fully integrated energy harvester, matching network, multi-stage RF-DC rectifier, mode selector, RC oscillator, LC oscillator, and X-band power amplifier implemented in IBM 0.18-µm RF CMOS technology. We investigated different matching schemes, antennas, and rectifiers with focus on the interaction between building blocks. Currently the power amplifier gives the maximum output power of 5.23 dBm at 9.1GHz. The entire RFID tag circuit was designed to operate in low power consumption. Voltage sensor circuit which generates the enable signal was designed to operate in very low current. All the test blocks of the RFID tag were tested. …

Investigation Of Hfox/Cu Resistive Memory For Advanced Encryption Applications, Benjamin David Briggs

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a widely used encryption algorithm to protect data and communications in today's digital age. Modern AES CMOS implementations require large amounts of dedicated logic and must be tuned for either performance or power consumption. A high throughput, low power, and low die area AES implementation is required in the growing mobile sector. An emerging non-volatile memory device known as resistive memory (ReRAM) is a simple metal-insulator-metal capacitor device structure with the ability to switch between two stable resistance states. Currently, ReRAM is targeted as a non-volatile memory replacement technology to eventually replace flash. Its …

Development Of Novel Technologies To Enhance Performance And Reliability Of Iii-Nitride Avalanche Photodiodes, Puneet Harischandra Suvarna

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Solar-blind ultraviolet avalanche photodiodes are an enabling technology for applications in the fields of astronomy, communication, missile warning systems, biological agent detection and particle physics research. Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are capable of detecting low-intensity light with high quantum efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio without the need for external amplification. The properties of III-N materials (GaN and AlGaN) are promising for UV photodetectors that are highly efficient, radiation-hard and capable of visible-blind or solar-blind operation without the need for external filters. However, the realization of reliable and high performance III-N APDs and imaging arrays has several technological challenges. The high price and …