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Articles 181 - 210 of 351
Full-Text Articles in Geotechnical Engineering
Behaviour Of A Watertight Anchored Retaining Wall In Soft Soil Conditions, Mustafa S. Nalçakan, Maral Tekin, Gökçe Tönük, Ufuk Ergun
Behaviour Of A Watertight Anchored Retaining Wall In Soft Soil Conditions, Mustafa S. Nalçakan, Maral Tekin, Gökçe Tönük, Ufuk Ergun
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A watertight prestressed anchored retaining wall was used in an excavation in Marmaris, a town located on the Southwest coast of Turkey due to presence of high water level and soft soil conditions. Following a detailed geotechnical investigation an analysis of the retaining system was performed by Plaxis Finite Element Program. The analysis consisted of stage construction simulating the real case. The behaviour of the watertight pile wall was monitored by means of inclinometric measurements. The paper describes the overall stability problems disclosed by Plaxis finite element and Slope-W slope stability programs and their remediation and the problems encountered during …
The Application Of Jet Grouting In Shanghai Foundation Pit Projects, Jia-Lin Wang, Ji-Wang Wang
The Application Of Jet Grouting In Shanghai Foundation Pit Projects, Jia-Lin Wang, Ji-Wang Wang
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Jet grouting in Shanghai can date back to late 1970s but was seldom applied in constructive projects. It was not until the construction of Metro in Shanghai in 1980s that jet grouting became widely accepted. Now it has been successfully applied in the constructions of two subway lines and basic constructions of some buildings nearby. A lot of experience has been accumulated through practice in terms of suitable conditions and situations. First, it can reduce deformation caused by excavation. When the system of braced framing in a certain geological condition cannot meet the demand of deforming control and bracing path …
One Lincoln Street Arched Slurry Wall, George Aristorenas, Minhaj Kirmani
One Lincoln Street Arched Slurry Wall, George Aristorenas, Minhaj Kirmani
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
One Lincoln Street is one of the most recent buildings constructed in downtown Boston. Its structure consists of a 36-story high-rise building directly connected to a 7-story low-rise building. Its substructure has five levels of underground parking garage to accommodate 900 cars in a city where prime real estate is becoming scarce. The excavation for the underground parking garage was supported by reinforced concrete slurry walls, which also serve as the substructure’s permanent walls. The stiffness of the slurry walls, together with the strut and tieback bracing system, minimized movement during excavation, which occurred in close proximity to existing buildings. …
Geotechnical And Environmental Consideration By Planning And Construction Of The Transportation Infrastructure In The Centre Of Berlin, Stavros A. Savidis, Frank Rackwitz
Geotechnical And Environmental Consideration By Planning And Construction Of The Transportation Infrastructure In The Centre Of Berlin, Stavros A. Savidis, Frank Rackwitz
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Since the mid of the nineties in the City of Berlin there have been built underground installations, i.e. railway and street tunnels as well as foundations deep embedded in the groundwater, with some extraordinary measures. The surface area of all tunnel constructions of the VZBProject (inner city traffic tunnels in Berlin) amounts to approx. 240,000 square meters. The excavation pits for the tunnel structures have depths of more than 20 meters and widths of more than 100 meters. All this projects lead in the mid nineties to the characterization of the City of Berlin as Europe`s biggest construction site. A …
Failure Of An Excavation Support System, S. J. Boone, J. Westland
Failure Of An Excavation Support System, S. J. Boone, J. Westland
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The design, construction, and collapse of an excavation support system constructed through layered soils are presented in this paper. The braced soldier-pile and lagging shoring was installed through soft clay, with the base of the excavation in hard glacial deposits. Complicating factors included the use of soil berms for temporary support, construction sequencing, weather conditions, and the location of the failed section near a re-entrant corner of the shoring system. Rapid responses of all contract parties and careful evaluation of the failure causes limited subsequent safety and damage concerns, and no claims were made. Post-failure examination of the preceding events …
Deep Excavation Braced By Diaphragm Wall In Gdańsk (Poland), G. A. Horodecki, A. F. Bolt, E. Dembicki
Deep Excavation Braced By Diaphragm Wall In Gdańsk (Poland), G. A. Horodecki, A. F. Bolt, E. Dembicki
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Protection of deep excavation by cast in situ concrete diaphragm walls for Shopping Center in Gdansk (Poland) is described. The structure was designed as five-storey-building with three additional underground floors and founded on diaphragm walls. The excavation was made by “half-floor” method with temporary supports of floor in the form of steel columns. Static calculations of excavation bracing were carried out by PLAXIS numerical code for both design stage (for two calculation schemes: anchored and supported by floor ring) as well as after its construction (back analysis). The calculations served for an assessment of predicted wall displacements, deformations of soil …
History Of Passive Pressure Of Non-Cohesive Mass And Its Consequences For Theory Of Earth Pressure, Petr Koudelka, Tomáš Koudelka
History Of Passive Pressure Of Non-Cohesive Mass And Its Consequences For Theory Of Earth Pressure, Petr Koudelka, Tomáš Koudelka
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Recently, the long-term research of passive pressure has been carried out. The rotation about the toe of the physical model sized 3.0*1.0*1.2 m has brought unexpected results similarly as the previous research of active pressure. The research contains among others the investigation of time stability of both pressure components, i.e. normal component and shear component. The paper presents latest information about physical modelling and its results and compares the results with the concept of the developed the General Lateral Pressure Theory (GLPT). This theory is supported also by the monitored time instability of lateral pressure, which is discussed as well. …
Jacking Pits In Boston’S Central Artery Project, Arturo Ressi Di Cervia
Jacking Pits In Boston’S Central Artery Project, Arturo Ressi Di Cervia
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The jacking of the largest concrete tunnels ever built in the United States required the construction of jacking pits of unusual dimensions and requirements. The location of the pits posed the additional challenge of difficult ground conditions, since the bottom of the pits was in the Boston blue clay. The pits had to have an unsupported span of over 40 feet to accommodate the dimensions of the tunnel, have a solid base to carry the weight of the sections being built and provide lateral resistance to the thrust of the jacks. Treviicos met those challenges by constructing a four feet …
Analysis Of Tunnel Section Enlargement Through Cutting Masonry Liner (Paris-Marseilles Roches De Condrieu Railway Tunnel Case Study), Verya Nasri, Christian Winum, Aomar Benslimane
Analysis Of Tunnel Section Enlargement Through Cutting Masonry Liner (Paris-Marseilles Roches De Condrieu Railway Tunnel Case Study), Verya Nasri, Christian Winum, Aomar Benslimane
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
With increase in the dynamic envelope of trains due to the increase of their cross section and speed, the need for widening tunnel cross section of existing tunnels is becoming a necessity. One of the solutions to this problem consists of cutting a fraction of the masonry liner thickness and replacing it with a higher strength, and therefore, a thinner material. In this paper, the case of the widening of the Roches de Condrieu tunnel on the Paris to Marseilles railway line is presented. A maximum of half of the thickness of the existing masonry liner should be removed somewhere …
Monitoring Lateral Deflections Of A Berthing Structure During Dredging — A Case Study, K. Muthukkumaran, R. Sundaravadivelu, S. R. Gandhi
Monitoring Lateral Deflections Of A Berthing Structure During Dredging — A Case Study, K. Muthukkumaran, R. Sundaravadivelu, S. R. Gandhi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
For one of the major ports in India, a shallow water berth is recently constructed comprising of a diaphragm wall and pile rows to support the deck structure. The soil strata are essentially very soft clay extending to a large depth. Reclaiming land behind this structure created number of problems including mud flow. The structure was constructed after placement of fill required for reclamation. After completion of the structure, when dredging work was undertaken, it was decided to monitor the lateral movements of berths, as the dredging depth increases. For this purpose inclinometer tubes were installed in one of the …
Analysis Of The Invert Damage And Its Rehabilitation Design. The Saint Louis Les Aygalades Tunnel Case Study, Verya Nasri, Christian Winum
Analysis Of The Invert Damage And Its Rehabilitation Design. The Saint Louis Les Aygalades Tunnel Case Study, Verya Nasri, Christian Winum
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The combined effect of time with the non-homogenous mechanical and hydraulic behaviors of the various intermediate layers between the foundation soil and the tracks often result in undesired deformation and misalignment of the tracks, which can compromise performance of the railway tunnel. The tunnel of Saint-Louis les Aygalades is located on the Paris Marseille mainline. This 476 m long tunnel was built in 1847, from the two portals and two intermediate shafts, under a maximum cover of 35 m in the tertiary formation of Stampien. The section of the tunnel consists of an elliptical vault with large vertical axis resting …
Tunnelling For German High Speed Railway Lines — A General Report, Hubert Quick, Joachim Michael, Helmut Prinz, Ulvi Arslan
Tunnelling For German High Speed Railway Lines — A General Report, Hubert Quick, Joachim Michael, Helmut Prinz, Ulvi Arslan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Several high speed and extension railway lines are under construction or in planning progress in Germany (table 1). In the course of the planning of these new railway lines a great proximity to existing transport routes was desired for reasons of environmental protection. As a consequence highways must be undercrossed several time with partly very little covering heights. The undercrossing of built-up areas was accomplished by massive additional measures from within and outside the tunnel in order to stabilize the ground - especially the tunnel face - to minimize deformations and to guarantee the stability and the serviceability of the …
Mine Plug Integrity Evaluation, Alberto Pujol, Rob Busby, Steve Rosenbaum
Mine Plug Integrity Evaluation, Alberto Pujol, Rob Busby, Steve Rosenbaum
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The integrity of a mine plug impounding more than 30 million gallons of acidic mine drainage water (AMD) was investigated using a combination of technologies. A two-phase investigation program was adopted which allowed the full depth of the mine plug to be explored without release of detrimental AMD. The condition of the concrete, support rock, rock/concrete interface, and drainage pipes and valves was evaluated. Phase 1 included (1) a review of plug design documents and construction data, (2) review of data from other mines on acid attack of concrete, (3) detailed visual inspections, (4) use of nondestructive testing techniques to …
Caverns Stability With More Than 10 Centuries In Prehispanic Excavations In Mexico, David Yanez, Ruben Morante
Caverns Stability With More Than 10 Centuries In Prehispanic Excavations In Mexico, David Yanez, Ruben Morante
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In the archaeological region named Mesoamerica, there are cases of underground excavations for different purposes along several centuries. Some of them reach up to 9-meter depth and are in good conditions so there is motive enough to consider them as a historic case that must be analyzed in an Engineering point of view. From different cases, there were chosen two, Teotihuacan and Xochicalco, due to for these there are notorious relations between both sites, the most important is that these caverns were used as an astronomic observatory. In addition, for Xochicalco is possible to make analysis with the geometrical and …
Effect Of Installing Monobars In Stability Of Powerhouse Cavern Roof In Masjed - Soleiman Power Plant Extension, M. Shahabi, M. R. Shahverdiloo
Effect Of Installing Monobars In Stability Of Powerhouse Cavern Roof In Masjed - Soleiman Power Plant Extension, M. Shahabi, M. R. Shahverdiloo
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Masjed-e-Soleiman Dam and Hydroelectric Power plant (170 high rock fill dam with capacity of 2000 MW) is located about 25 Km. to the north east of Masjed-e-Soleiman (Southwestern Iran) on Karun river. The powerhouse cavern is an underground structure, consisting of eight 250 MW power units (4 units each for phase 1 and extension phase). Overburden of powerhouse is 250-320 meters. The first step of project (that is a Dam with supply 1000 MW electricity), has been completed recently. In order to ensure the stability of roof of the extension p.h. cavern, dywidag brand monobars (15 or 20 m. long) …
Retaining Walls Under Seismic Loading, Vijay K. Puri, Shamsher Prakash, Retno Widanarti
Retaining Walls Under Seismic Loading, Vijay K. Puri, Shamsher Prakash, Retno Widanarti
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The design of retaining walls in seismic areas poses a complex problem. The traditional design approach usually consists of calculation of a factor of safety against sliding, overturning and bearing capacity failure. This is generally enough for static loads. During seismic loading, the retaining walls tend to get displaced from their original position. The performance of quay walls during the past earthquakes emphasizes this fact. For safe design of retaining walls in seismic areas, the calculation of static and dynamic earth pressure behind the retaining walls is the first requirement. Realistic calculation of displacement of the retaining wall is an …
The Law And Mechanism Of Rockburst Occurring In Huize Lead—Zinc Mine, Tang Shao Hui, Jin Chen
The Law And Mechanism Of Rockburst Occurring In Huize Lead—Zinc Mine, Tang Shao Hui, Jin Chen
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Rockburst is a geological disaster of dynamic equilibrium loss. According to the rock core disking and the schistose scaling on the sidewalls of cross-cut drift found in the drilling exploration of engineering geology and the site investigation in the property of Huize lead-zinc mine,the basic law of rocktburst occurring in this mine is summed up;According to the results from the site investigation and the rock mechanics tests in the laboratory,the genesis and mechanism of rockburst are analyzed to provide the important basis for selecting a reasonable deep mining method and controlling the rockburst.
Geotechnical Analyses Of Guizhou Hotel, Shilong Mei, Baoshan Huang
Geotechnical Analyses Of Guizhou Hotel, Shilong Mei, Baoshan Huang
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper presents the geotechnical analyses of Guizhou Hotel, a thirty story (102-m high) building situated under complicated karst engineering geological conditions. Comprehensive geotechnical investigations prior to the design included the bore hole sampling, insitu ultra-sound velocity testing, groundwater well-pumping, and laboratory testing for rock strength. Based on the field and laboratory data, the bedrocks within the construction site (about 20,000 m2) was divided into four engineering geological units Ia, Ib, Ic, and Id, ranging from simple engineering geological condition (Ia) to very complicated geological condition (Id). Different subgrade bearing capacities were selected for the four units based on field …
Repair Of The Church Of La Purisima Concepcion Of Huelva (Spain) With Jet-Grouting, For Damages Caused By The Construction Of Diaphragm Walls In Its Proximity, Antonio Jaramillo Morilla, Pedro Arozamena, Rafael Bahillo, Rocío Romero Hernández, José María Sánchez Langeber
Repair Of The Church Of La Purisima Concepcion Of Huelva (Spain) With Jet-Grouting, For Damages Caused By The Construction Of Diaphragm Walls In Its Proximity, Antonio Jaramillo Morilla, Pedro Arozamena, Rafael Bahillo, Rocío Romero Hernández, José María Sánchez Langeber
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Church of La Purísima Concepcion, raised in 1515 as the second parish of Huelva (Spain) has been affected by diverse natural disasters along its history. The soil of Huelva is mainly mud, very soft and highly compressible. In 1999 the works to build a residential building with four plants below the ground level affected the church and several buildings. Horizontal displacements of the sheet pile wall in top, overcame 12 cm. The settlements were higher to 5 cm. The system of struts, with lengths over to 30 meters used to built the pile wall, was not the best one. …
Economic Aseismic Design Of Rigid Retaining Wall, Yingwei Wu, Shamsher Prakash, V. K. Puri
Economic Aseismic Design Of Rigid Retaining Wall, Yingwei Wu, Shamsher Prakash, V. K. Puri
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Rigid retaining walls experience significant displacements during earthquakes. Several investigators have developed 1- D and 2-D models to predict displacements. A critical review of the state of the art shows that these model may not predict realistic displacements Wu (1999). A new 2-D model, which considers strain dependant soil stiffness and material damping, sliding and rocking motions, and practical field water conditions behind the wall as per Eurocode (1994) has been developed (Wu 1999). This model represents a considerable advance over the existing solutions and is easily useable by the practicing engineer. It has been shown that walls inclined on …
Estimation Of Maximum Advance In Kaka-Reza Water Conveyance Tunnel At 700 Meter Depth, D. Azizmohammadi, H. Abbasi
Estimation Of Maximum Advance In Kaka-Reza Water Conveyance Tunnel At 700 Meter Depth, D. Azizmohammadi, H. Abbasi
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The purpose of this research is the determination of maximum rate of advance in one stage of blasting in middle zone of Kaka-Reza water conveyance tunnel. In this zone of tunnel with average 700 meters of overburden, based on geological and geo-mechanical conditions, the supporting system will install immediately after excavation. The methodology of this research is combined of direct strain evaluation technique (DSET), numerical modeling (FLAC 2D) and convergence analysis. The research is done in three stages. At the first stage, the allowable strain in surrounding rock mass of tunnel is calculated based on DSET. At the second stage, …
Ground Subsidence Induced By Oil Drilling Process, E. A. J. George, L. Thomas, C. Oko
Ground Subsidence Induced By Oil Drilling Process, E. A. J. George, L. Thomas, C. Oko
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The process for oil drilling through superficial deposits often results in ground movements. However, because of the rapid sequence of the operations, these movements are hardly noticed or monitored. Oil drilling is generally carried out over drilling slabs or platforms. Such a slab was constructed on a land location close to the Imo River in Niger delta of Nigeria. During the process of drilling over the slab, large depressions around the cellar pits were noticed. This development demanded the lowering of the rig and an investigation into the causes of the movements was initiated. The investigation confirmed the existence underneath …
Site Development In Deep Karst Terrain, Thomas P. Hart, Giuliana Zelada-Tumialan
Site Development In Deep Karst Terrain, Thomas P. Hart, Giuliana Zelada-Tumialan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The development of a site for a power plant was complicated by the presence of pinnacled karst bedrock located beneath more than 24 meters (80 feet) of intermediate geo-materials (IGM). Shallow mat foundations had been planned in the conceptual design. Detailed subsurface investigations included an extensive supplemental drilling phase that identified a complex layer of pinnacled karst lying beneath a hard, nearly inelastic layer of residual IGM. In an effort to keep the site on shallow foundations, the design team attempted a preload approach to pretest the load-bearing capacity of the potentially karst prone site. Project schedule constraints required the …
Forensic Analysis Of An Uncontrolled Fill, V. V. S. Rao, N. Santosh Rao
Forensic Analysis Of An Uncontrolled Fill, V. V. S. Rao, N. Santosh Rao
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper outlines the forensic analysis done in relation to a filling done to raise the general ground level in an area where a large housing complex is under construction near New Delhi, India. After the structures had been completed, trenches were dug to lay sewage and other service lines and the soil at the bottom had been observed to be in a slushy condition. A meticulous and detailed forensic diagnosis and analysis indicated uncontrolled filling. Measures were evolved to contain the slushy zone and compact the upper layers so that the service lines as well as roads could be …
Field Monitoring Of The Compressibility Of Municipal Solid Waste And Soft Alluvium, Erik O. Andersen, L. A. Balanko, Joyce M. Lem, Dave H. Davis
Field Monitoring Of The Compressibility Of Municipal Solid Waste And Soft Alluvium, Erik O. Andersen, L. A. Balanko, Joyce M. Lem, Dave H. Davis
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The paper presents the results of a settlement-monitoring program for a preloaded roadway embankment over a closed landfill underlain by three compressible units: municipal solid waste, alluvial peat, and organic silt. To monitor the progression of embankment settlement and assess the effectiveness of the preload treatment, a field instrumentation system was installed within the embankment footprint. The field instrumentation system, consisting of settlement plates, and vertical extensometer and vibrating wire piezometer stations, was monitored prior to construction, during construction, and for approximately 18 months thereafter. The extensometer and piezometer stations provided information on the individual response characteristics of the compressible …
Lessons Learned From The Macon County Slurry Wall, Jeffrey C. Evans, John M. Trast, Randy L. Frank
Lessons Learned From The Macon County Slurry Wall, Jeffrey C. Evans, John M. Trast, Randy L. Frank
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A soil-bentonite slurry trench cutoff wall was installed as part of landfill improvements at the Macon County Landfill located in Decatur, Illinois. In order for a soil-bentonite barrier to be continuous and defect-free, a homogeneous, well-graded backfill needs to displace the slurry used to maintain trench stability. Historically, specifications required that the backfill have a unit weight of 15 pounds per cubic foot (pcf) higher than the unit weight of the in-trench slurry and the slurry have a maximum density of 85 pcf. More recently, specifications have also required that the sand content of the slurry, not exceed 10 to …
Site Characterization, Design, And Construction For Closure Of Four Hazardous Waste Landfills At A Superfund Site, Anirban De, R. Jeffrey Dunn, Neven Matasovic
Site Characterization, Design, And Construction For Closure Of Four Hazardous Waste Landfills At A Superfund Site, Anirban De, R. Jeffrey Dunn, Neven Matasovic
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Various elements related to extensive geotechnical and seismic site characterization, design, and construction for the closure of four hazardous waste landfills and their interstitial areas at a major federal Superfund site are discussed. A major challenge was the geotechnical characterization of bulk and containerized hazardous waste for the purpose of stability analyses. Design constraints included a highly seismic environment and a large design precipitation event. Design was completed in two separate phases, such that the closure design of three of the landfills was performed during and after the construction of the first. This allowed for lessons learned from the construction …
Quality Investigations On Ground Improvement In Highway Engineering Practice, Minglei Shi, Zhenshun Hong, Fei Jin, Li Shao, Heng Zhu, Renmin Li
Quality Investigations On Ground Improvement In Highway Engineering Practice, Minglei Shi, Zhenshun Hong, Fei Jin, Li Shao, Heng Zhu, Renmin Li
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The constructions of highway often pass through naturally-deposited liquefiable grounds. Anti-earthquake design is essential for highway engineering practice in east China. Gravel column and dynamic compaction are often adopted for the improvements of such problematical grounds. The stability and settlement of the treated grounds depend much on the construction quality. How to investigate the quality of ground improvement is an important issue in highway engineering practice. In this study, the method of Spectral-Analysis-of-Surface-Waves (SASW) is applied to evaluate the construction quality on ground improvements by vibration gravel piles and dynamic compaction technique. The case studies show that the SASW method …
Injection Of A Microfine Cement Grout For The Tunneling Of Meteor, C. Dano, H. Vergnaux
Injection Of A Microfine Cement Grout For The Tunneling Of Meteor, C. Dano, H. Vergnaux
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The fourteenth line of the Paris metro (France), called Météor, is currently extended towards Saint-Lazare railway station in a very busy and historic district of Paris. The Transport Company (RATP), as a contracting authority, is then confronted with a complex environment. The constraints have determined works planning and construction methods. In particular, the alluvial deposits were reinforced by injection of microfine cement grout whose fluidity allows to accurately permeate fine soils. It was preferred to more traditional and potentially polluting grouts. After a description of the geotechnical conditions of the site, the different steps of underground constructions are briefly showed. …
Use Of Cemented Rock Fill For Enhanced Pillar Recovery In Area 1 Of The Doe Run Company, Kenneth J. Zur, Derek Apel
Use Of Cemented Rock Fill For Enhanced Pillar Recovery In Area 1 Of The Doe Run Company, Kenneth J. Zur, Derek Apel
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Area 1 of Doe Run Company’s Buick North Mine was selected for placement of cemented rockfill (CRF) to “trap” or encapsulate select pillars. This method of “trapping” pillars takes advantage of the passive confinement effect of CRF to increase the post-peak load bearing ability of trapped pillars so that other ore bearing pillars can be extracted while still maintaining local and global mine stability. A total of 73 pillars in this area were extracted from October 1998 thru January 2002. Thirteen of 73 pillars were totally trapped by CRF (i.e., the pillars were totally encased in CRF). Eight of the …