Geotechnical Engineering Commons^™

The Response Of Driven Single Piles Subjected To Combined Loads, D. T. P. Phillips, B. M. Lehane

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The behaviour of piles subjected to lateral load has generally been investigated experimentally using free-headed piles with a lateral load applied close to the pile head. In practice, however, there is some degree of restraint at the head of many piles and these are often subjected to a combination of lateral and vertical loads. The case history described in this paper involved full-scale field experiments comprising instrumented precast concrete piles subjected to a range of loading conditions including combined lateral and axial loading with partial rotational restraint at the pile head. The pile instrumentation, which included electrolevels and electrical resistance …

Grouting Technology For Rehabilitation Of Tillar Earthen Dam, Mahavir Bidasaria

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Over the last few decades grouting technology has grown into one of the disciplines in geotechnical engineering comprising mainly of foundation treatment of dams and other structures by strengthening or by making them impermeable and has become one of the main tool to rehabilitate the dams structurally. The present case study deals with structural rehabilitation of Tillar earthen dam which was constructed in 1987 but distress signals had started from the first impounding. Highly permeable strata having permeability to the tune of 0.36 x 10-1 cm/sec was existing between the bottom of Cut off Trench (COT) and foundation rock. From …

Estimation Of Liquefaction-Induced Ground Settlement (Case Studies), Jiaer Wu, Raymond B. Seed

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Over the past decade, the focus of liquefaction engineering began to shift towards assessment of the consequences of liquefaction with respect to the seismic performance of engineered structures and facilities, which requires accurate and reliable tools for prediction of ground deformations over the small to moderate range. Promising new predictive tools are evolving. These include simplified, empirical tools as well as sophisticated analytical and constitutive models. Recently, a high quality laboratory testing program consisting of undrained, cyclic simple shear testing on fully-saturated samples of Monterey No. 0/30 sand was completed at U.C. Berkeley. As a result, a new semiempirical procedure …

Soil Improvement With Jet-Grout Columns: A Case Study From The 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake, H. Turan Durgunoglu, Mauro Chinchelli, Selim Ikiz, Canan Emrem, Thomas Hurley, Faith Catalbas

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Soil improvement methods have been widely used to reduce the potential for liquefaction-related damages in sandy soils and strain-related problems in soft clays. The procedures and techniques used in the design of improved soil have been continuously improved. Filed case history data have always been crucial to refining such techniques and procedures. The 1999 Kocaeli Earthquake (M=7.4) struck northwestern Turkey and caused significant damage in urban and industrial areas along Izmit Bay. The sites were subjected to ground motions ranging from about 0.10g to 0.42g. This paper presents the performance of the Ipekkagit Tissue Factory site in Karamursel at the …

Landslides In Shale-Derived Glacial Till, Vernon R. Schaefer, Robert A. Lohnes

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

An area in south-east Iowa is notorious for landslides in both cut slopes and embankments. Most of the failed slopes have been modified to lower slope angles as attempted remediation; however in many instances the failure reoccurred. The dominant soil in the cuts and used for borrow material is Kansan age glacial till, while the underlying bedrock is Pennsylvanian shale of the Des Moines series. The till contains significant amounts of the underlying bedrock. In an effort to gain insight into the cause of these failures, an embankment with extensive failures in Monroe County was studied. One slide selected for …

Urban Environmental Vibration Induced By Underground Railway, Lu Li, Yang Xianjian

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

It is well known that in general the underground railways always cause urban environmental vibration. Therefore, the more the underground railways which were built or under construction, the more serious the environmental vibration is. It is difficult to estimate to what degree the vibration, which was generated in the ground propagation by subway, attenuated with distance. At present, no practical method is available to calculate the ground vibration in current engineering by theory of wave. The effect of geometric damping、elastic wave theory in soil、material damping、equivalent radius of wave source of subway、the frequency of tunnel structure、source, which interacted around the soil …

Geotechnical Investigations For Design Of Foundations For Erosion And Flood Control Structures At Unwana Beach, Afikpo, Ebonyi State, South-Eastern Nigeria, So-Ngo Clifford Teme, Patrick Omorodion Youdeowei

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Erosion occasioned by annual floods along the Cross River at Unwana Beach, Afikpo, situated on latitude 8° 00’ 00’’ North of the Equator and longitude 5° 40’ 15’’ East of the Greenwich Meridian, has threatened the location of a Water Pumping and Treatment Station nearby. Geotechnical investigations carried out using the Shell-and-Auger rig along the shoreline of the Unwana Beach indicated that the subsurface consists of between 3.00 to 8.00 meters of Yellowish brown silty clay layer (CL) underlain by about 3.00 meters of Dark, clayey sands (SC). These are further underlain by between 0.00 – 4.00 meters of Reddish …

Stabilization Of The Dividing Wall At A Drinking Water Reservoir, Ingo Fox, Burjor Kharivala

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The Reservoir is a component of the water supply system of a major city in the northeastern United States. The reservoir receives water conveyed by aqueducts and pressure tunnels from several watershed reservoirs. It is a balancing reservoir that regulates water flow and maintains the elevation head needed for the water tunnel distribution system to the south of the reservoir, which services the city inhabitants. The reservoir water surface is approximately 90 acres, and is contained by a man-made rim earth embankment, 40 feet in average height. The reservoir, which has an oval shape, is lined with a paneled concrete …

The Construction Of Stations And Tunnels By Slurry Trecnch, Method In The Madrid Metro Extension, Carlos S. Oteo, Jose Mª Rodríguez Ortiz, Manuel Melis

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Recently a new Extension of the Madrid Subway (Spain) is carried out (1995-2003). In 8 years more of 105 Km of tunnels are builded by several procedures: Traditional non-mechanized excavation, precast linings by E.P.B machines, cut and cover system, etc. In this paper the basic criteria adopted for the design of tunnels and stations built with the cut and cover method (reinforced concrete continuous and discontinuous walls) are analysed. Initially, to this purpose the geotechnical properties of the Madrid ground are reached, in order to establish a group of unified desion geotechnical parameters. The hypotheses made for the numerical analysis …

Piling-Induced Ground Motion: A Case Study Involving Hydrocarbon Exploitation Activities In The Niger Delta, Samuel U. Ejezie

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The damage potential of piling-induced vibrations in the humid tropical soils of southeastern Nigeria has been evaluated. The vibration propagation was characterized by a fairly high attenuation coefficient, as evidenced by a rapid decrease of velocity amplitude with distance from source. It was also observed that the bulk of the peak velocity amplitudes measured or calculated fell within the safe limit for structural safety and human tolerance. This therefore implied that the zone of highest damage probability at the case study site did not extend across property line as suspected prior to commencement of piling. In general, the findings and …

Failure Investigation Of A Fill Slope In Putrajaya, Malaysia, A. N. Hussein, A. H. Mustapha

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

On 6th of January 2001, a fill slope collapsed in Putrajaya, Malaysia. The failed slope was 25m in height. The failure caused the slope to pushed two reinforced earth walls and the recently completed jetty and boat docking facilities to collapse. The depth of the failure scar was about 2m with a failure length of about 50m. A failure investigation was then carried out to determine the causes of failure. A total of thirteen new boreholes, fifteen Mackintosh probes and three hand augers were carried out to determine the soil profile. A desk study of existing information and records, site …

Construction Of Diaphragm Wall Support Underground Car Park In Historical Area Of Bangkok, Narong Thasnanipan, Zaw Zaw Aye, Chanchai Submaneewong

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Geotechnical aspects in construction of diaphragm-wall-support 2 level underground car park building, located in the historically and culturally significant area of Bangkok is presented in this paper. Results of the preliminary analyses showed that the deflection of the thin diaphragm wall of 0.60 m width would be large if it was to be fully cantilevered to fulfill the architectural and utility aspects of the car park structure. It was therefore decided to use buttress to minimize the diaphragm wall deflection. Performance of buttressed-support diaphragm wall is demonstrated based on the inclinometer monitoring results. Intensive modification of construction sequence in actual …

Railway Tunnelling In Frozen Ground On Bothniabana, S. Saarelainen, L. Korkiala-Tanttu, J. Viitala

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A new railway line was under construction in North-eastern Sweden, along the shoreline of the Gulf of Bothnia. The terrain consisted of Postglacial clay and silt valleys, and ridges of Precambrian bedrock, crossing the railway line. The railway level was about 20m below the ground surface. For the design of freezing, a freezing analysis was carried out to determine the pipeline depths and distances, to estimate the necessary time for freezing and to determine temperatures within the frozen zone. To estimate the deformations, displacements and safety level, a mechanical analysis of the tunnel cross-section was carried out. As input, the …

Geotechnical Investigation And Rock Characterization For The East Side Access Project’S Manhattan Segment, Subal Sarkar, Amitabha Mukherjee, Aomar Benslimane, Carroll Stewart

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The East Side Access Project to connect the Long Island Railroad to New York’s Grand Central Terminal on the east side of Manhattan will be one of the largest tunneling projects ever undertaken in New York. A series of tunnels and caverns will be excavated in rock to connect the existing 63rd Street tunnels to twin three-level caverns beneath Grand Central Terminal. The site investigation for the Manhattan Segment comprised archive searches, rock exposure mapping, geophysical surveys, test borings in soil and rock, in-situ testing, groundwater monitoring, and laboratory testing of soil, water and rock. Approximately 200 borings have been …

Effects Of Liquefaction On The Numerical Analysis Of A Single Pile-Soil Interaction During Earthquakes, Fusao Oka, Lu Chih-Wei, Zhang Feng

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Dynamic behavior of pile-foundations during earthquakes is important for the performance of many foundations. To clarify the mechanism of the soil-pile interaction, we have conducted a series of numerical analysis of a single pile foundation in the different types of a two-layer ground. Upper layer of the ground is composed of dense sand, reclaimed soils, medium dense sand or loose sand, and the lower layer of the ground is composed of clayey soils. In the liquefaction analysis, we have used a fully coupled effective stress analysis method with the cyclic elasto-plastic and elasto-viscoplastic constitutive models for sandy soils and clays. …

Crosshole Sonic Logging Integrity Testing For The New Cooper River Bridge, Edward L. Hajduk, Marvin R. Tallent, Donovan L. Ledford, William R. Christopher

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

A new cable-stayed bridge for US Highway 17 is currently under construction over the Cooper River between Mount Pleasant and Charleston, South Carolina. This new bridge will replace two existing structures, the Silas Pearlman and the Grace Memorial Bridges. When completed, the new bridge will have a 1,546 feet span over the Cooper River, making this bridge the longest cable-stayed span in North America. The foundations for this replacement bridge are drilled shafts embedded within the Cooper Marl formation, which underlies the near surface lower coastal plain soil deposits. Depending on the location within the bridge structure, the drilled shafts …

A Half Century Of Tapered-Pile Usage At The John F. Kennedy International Airport, John S. Horvath, Thomas Trochalides

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Tapered driven piles have been the deep foundation of choice ever since construction of and at the well-known John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFKIA) in New York City began in the late 1940s. Timber piles were used primarily for many decades but various brands of closed-end steel pipe piles have become preferred in recent years as engineers have sought ever-increasing allowable axial-compressive loads per pile. With currently available pile types it is now possible to routinely install tapered piles that have an allowable axial-compressive service-load capacity per pile in excess of 400 kips (1780 kN), with net ultimate axial-compressive geotechnical …

Prelimary Geotechnical Engineering Observations Of The Tecomán, Mexico Earthquake Of January 21, 2003, Joseph Wartman, Adrian Rodriguez-Marek, David Keefer, Scott Deaton, Pedro Repetto, Emir Jose Macari

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The 21 January 2003 M_w 7.6 Tecomán, Mexico Earthquake caused significant damage to the coastal region of the state of Colima, Mexico. This paper presents an overview of observations made by the United States National Science Foundation (NSF)-sponsored geotechnical engineering reconnaissance team, which visited the affected region one week following the earthquake. The team visited and documented sites including major cities, industrial facilities, and transportation routes. There were a number of important geotechnical engineering features of the earthquake. Liquefaction and consequent strength loss, ground settlement, and lateral spreading, alone or in combination, damaged the Port of Manzanillo, the capital …

Past Proceedings: 1st International Conference On Case Histories In Geotechnical Engineering (1984), Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Understanding Manufacturing Energy Use Through Statistical Analysis, J. Kelly Kissock, John Seryak

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Energy in manufacturing facilities is used for direct production of goods, space conditioning, and general facility support such as lighting. This paper presents a methodology for statistically analyzing plant energy use in terms of these major end uses. The methodology uses as few as 60 data points that are relatively easy for most plants to obtain. Multivariable change-point models of electricity and natural gas use as functions of outdoor air temperature and production data are then developed. The statistical models can be used to predict energy use for energy budgeting, measure savings, determine cost structures, and diagnostic purposes. Moreover, in …

Estimating Energy Savings In Compressed Air Systems, Chris Schmidt, J. Kelly Kissock

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Compressed air is typically one of the most expensive utilities in an industrial facility. As a result, potential savings opportunities are aggressively sought out and identified. Once identified, projected energy savings must be calculated in order to justify the cost of implementing the savings opportunity. It is important to calculate projected energy and cost savings as accurately as possible. Unfortunately, savings are frequently overestimated because the methods used to estimate savings neglect to consider important factors such as compressor control and type, storage, and multiple compressor operation.

In this paper, a methodology is presented for modeling air compressor performance and …