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Articles 271 - 300 of 340
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Simcon: Slurry Infiltrated Mat Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
Simcon: Slurry Infiltrated Mat Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
The cost of civil infrastructure constitutes a major portion of the national wealth. Its rapid deterioration has thus created an urgent need for the development of novel, long-lasting and cost-effective methods for repair, retrofit and new construction. A promising new way of resolving this problem is to selectively use advanced composites, such as High-Performance Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Composites (HPFRCCs). The investigations conducted in North Carolina University have demonstrated that a special type of continuous fiber-mat HPFRCC, called SIMCON which stands for Slurry Infiltrated Mat Concrete, is well suited for the development of novel repair, retrofit and new-construction solutions that lead …
Use Of Recycled Tire Rubber In Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
Use Of Recycled Tire Rubber In Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
More than 250 million scrap tires weighing more than 3 million tons are generated each year in the United States. This is considered as one of the major environmental challenges facing municipalities around the world because waste rubber is not easily biodegradable even after a long period of landfill treatment. One of the solutions suggested is the use of tire rubber particles as additives in cement-based materials. Experiments under the laboratory environments commonly presented that the use of rubber in the concrete cement mix reduced drying shrinkage, brittleness, and elastic modulus, which might improve the overall durability and serviceability of …
Snap Joint Technology For Composite Structures, Purdue Ect Team
Snap Joint Technology For Composite Structures, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
The optimum composite joint design is the one capable of distributing stresses over a wide area rather than to concentrate them at a point. Adhesively bonded joints can satisfy these requirements, however, most of the adhesives are brittle, and brittle failure is unavoidable. This was the motivation of developing what is called the SNAP joint. The snap joint technology developed by W. Brandt Goldworthy & Associates, Inc. The concept is based on similar joining technology used for connecting wooden parts (wood is considered as natural orthotropic composites). Also, this technique is very similar to techniques which were used a decade …
Precast Inverted T Beam, Purdue Ect Team
Precast Inverted T Beam, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Current systems are either costly or time consuming to erect and have limitations. Cast-in-place slabs have become too expensive and time-consuming due to extensive field formwork. The Nebraska Inverted Tee (IT) system was designed for use by small contractors in sparsely populated areas where relatively modest erection equipment exists. The ITs were developed in "hard" metric units, i.e., using round-figure millimeters.
Conductive Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
Conductive Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Concrete has been used for many years as a composite material that has excellent mechanical properties and durability for construction. However, concrete is a poor electrical conductor, especially under dry conditions. Traditional methods can warm roads, but installation cost is high and the procedure is complicated. A research team in Material Laboratory of Institute for Research in Construction, National Research Council Canada, led by Dr. James J. Beaudoin, has developed a new conductive concrete with both superior electrical conductivity and mechanical properties.
Snap-Tite Composite Column Reinforcement, Purdue Ect Team
Snap-Tite Composite Column Reinforcement, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Recent earthquakes throughout the world have demonstrated the vulnerabilities of older reinforced concrete columns to seismic deformation demands. The Snap Tite Composite Column Reinforcement strengthens a concrete column by confining it in an external composite jacket, which prevents the concrete from expanding during seismic activity or prolonged freeze-thaw cycles. The pre-manufactured fiberglass jacket is comprised of glass fibers and corrosion resistant isopolyester resins.
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (Cfrp) Laminates For Structural Strengthening, Purdue Ect Team
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (Cfrp) Laminates For Structural Strengthening, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Strengthening measures are required in structures when they are required to accommodate increased loads. Also, when there are changes in the use of structures, individual supports and walls may need to be removed. The pultruded CFRP laminate reinforcing consists of bonding the CFRP strip with the concrete structure using a high-strength epoxy resin as the adhesive. The CFRP strips are manufactured using a pultrusion process. The pultrusion principle is comparable with a continuous press. It provides great strength, high modulus of elasticity, and outstanding fatigue resistance It is a very lightweight non-corrosive material, that requires minimal preparation of laminates, and …
Use Of Composite Piping Offshore, Purdue Ect Team
Use Of Composite Piping Offshore, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
The high cost to replace steel piping in retrofit applications and increased longevity in new construction is driving the search for composite materials which are able to withstand the severe conditions experienced by offshore facilities. Advantages of composite piping compared to steel piping are: inherent corrosion resistance, lighter weight, ease of fabrication, lower maintenance costs, and lower life cycle costs.
Shrinkage Reducing Admixture For Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
Shrinkage Reducing Admixture For Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Concrete shrinkage cracking is a common problem in all types of concrete structures, especially for structures and environments where the cracks are prevalent and the repercussions are most severe. A liquid shrinkage reducing admixture for concrete, developed by GRACE Construction Products and ARCO Chemical Company, that reduces significantly the shrinkage during concrete drying and potentially reduces overall cracking over time.
Low Temperature Concrete Admixture, Purdue Ect Team
Low Temperature Concrete Admixture, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Performing construction processes under the cold weather condition requires construction engineers to plan operations considering low temperature condition. Concrete admixture mostly chemically interact with the constituents of concrete and affect the properties and characteristics of the fresh and hardened concrete and its durability. The purposes of the admixtures include water reduction, high strength, corrosion protection, crack control, finish enhancement, flowability, etc. One of the interesting and useful purposes is protection against freeze.
Bladepro: 3d Automatic Grade Control System, Purdue Ect Team
Bladepro: 3d Automatic Grade Control System, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Currently most of the methods to control grading equipment to achieve the required production accuracy are based on conventional surveying, such as grade stakes and stringlines. BladePro System, developed by Spectra Precision in 1998, is a dual automatic blade control system that uses advance computer technology and user friendly operator controls. This system provides contractors a three dimensional machine control system for roads, railway beds and airport runway construction.
Mellose Non-Dispersible Underwater Concrete Admixture, Purdue Ect Team
Mellose Non-Dispersible Underwater Concrete Admixture, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Mellose is a viscose agent based on under water Cellulose (Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose). It is commonly referred to as a a self-leveling agent that increases viscosity when is dissolved in water. It can be also described as an anti-washout concrete or non-dispersible concrete mixture. Mellose is an essential component of high performance concrete construction under water.
Safespantm: Multi-Span Bridge Decking And Shielding, Purdue Ect Team
Safespantm: Multi-Span Bridge Decking And Shielding, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Contractors in bridge rehabilitation have been experiencing risks and difficulties associated with their line of work: safety and inspection issues, environmental concerns, business interruption, emergency situations, and rising labor costs. Safespan™ Multi-Span Bridge Platform System was developed by James Frangos and Lambros Apostolopoulos in 1995 to alleviate the obstacles found in bridge rehabilitation. The system designs are flexible. It uses various methods to connect the platform to the structure, depending on the bridge's configuration, that allow contractors to adjust the platform's height for a desired working clearance.
Steel-Free Concrete Bridge Deck, Purdue Ect Team
Steel-Free Concrete Bridge Deck, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Eliminating corrosion makes concrete deck slabs virtually maintenance-free, which makes life cycle costs of steel-free concrete decks much lower than reinforced concrete decks. In response, compressive membrane forces develop in the concrete deck. Ultimate load can be greater than the load at which the same deck would fail if it were reinforced conventionally.
Amir: Asphalt Multi Integrated Roller, Purdue Ect Team
Amir: Asphalt Multi Integrated Roller, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Conventional rolling equipment, such as steel vibratory rollers, while capable of achieving a specified density, results in construction induced cracks. These cracks are often visually apparent, and they are due to a mismatch between the geometry and relative rigidity of the roller and the asphalt mix. Asphalt Multi Integrated Roller (AMIR) was developed to compact asphalt and to prevent the surface cracking of pavement. AMIR was developed by replacing the cylindrical stiff shape with a moving flat softer plate which results in a crack free asphalt layer and more uniform compaction along and across the mat.
Pothole Repairing Compound : Bondade Tcu-31, Purdue Ect Team
Pothole Repairing Compound : Bondade Tcu-31, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Conventional asphalt-based tacking materials such as hot asphalt-cement, cutbacks or emulsions cannot be applied without specialized spraying and heating equipment. With current methods of repair, nearly half of the potholes filled today will fail within six months. Bondade uses readily available spraying equipment to wet the surface and develop a tenacious bond between the asphalt and the existing substrate. It is an environmentally safe and non-hazardous material that may be used with hot or cold asphalt concrete, under damp or dry conditions and on nearly all surfaces.
Electrochemical Chloride Extraction, Purdue Ect Team
Electrochemical Chloride Extraction, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Conventional methods to deal with chloride-contaminated concrete require the removal of the contaminated concrete and replacement with uncontaminated concrete. These methods are noisy, dirty, time consuming, costly, and in some cases structurally detrimental. The Norcure system is a rehabilitation method developed to remove salt (chloride ions) from salt contaminated concrete structures without damaging the concrete. The removal of chloride ions stops the corrosion of embedded reinforcing steel and greatly extends the service life of salt contaminated structures.
Italgrip System, Purdue Ect Team
Italgrip System, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
The ever increasing number of registered vehicles has resulted in, up until the present time, a parallel increase in the number of road accidents. One of the reasons for this is that the quality of the road surface has not adequately kept pace with the increased volume of traffic. The Italgrip System increases skid resistance, reduces hydroplaning risk, reduces noise, and reduces salt consumption and can be applied to asphalt, concrete, or steel surfaces. It has been applied to several roadways in Europe, particularly road sections exhibiting problem areas.
Reactive Powder Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
Reactive Powder Concrete, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
RPC represents a new class of Portland cement-based material with compressive strengths in excess of 200 MPa range. By introducing fine steel fibers, RPC can achieve remarkable flexural strength up to 50 MPa. The material exhibits high ductility with typical values for energy absorption approaching those reserved for metals.
Segmental Precast Floating Draw Span, Purdue Ect Team
Segmental Precast Floating Draw Span, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
The Admiral Clarey Bridge, includes a 100 ft long causeway, a 400 ft long fixed trestle and a 1035 ft long moveable section that includes the transition and floating drawspan. The fixed spans include a low level section as well as a high level section to allow a small boat channel. Floating structures, with a modular and repetitive configuration, provide the classic precasting opportunity for multiple reuses of the concrete formwork. This will reduce forming costs, produce nearly identical finished pieces, smooth surfaces, and easy fit-up and assembly.
3d-Mc Three Dimensional Machine Control, Purdue Ect Team
3d-Mc Three Dimensional Machine Control, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Construction equipment using laser control technology cannot perform curves on a road construction project. The guiding of road construction equipment in curving contours requires references such as hubs, staking, or elevated string lines. The 3D MC system uses three modules to control the piece of equipment: a total station, receiver and control system device. The main benefit of the 3D MC system is the obvious gain of productivity generated by this innovation.
Shaking Table System For Geotechnical Centrifuge, Purdue Ect Team
Shaking Table System For Geotechnical Centrifuge, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
The shaking table system for geotechnical centrifuge, which can simulate sinusoidal and real seismic waves under a centrifugal force of 50 times earth gravity, is capable of providing significant data for the seismic design of structures. The shaking table can accommodate test specimens up to 250kg under 50G condition, so it can be used to perform various types of ground shaking tests.
High Performance Concrete (Hpc), Purdue Ect Team
High Performance Concrete (Hpc), Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Normal Strength Concrete (NSC) is heavy and lacks the required workability in some large concrete structures, such as high-rise buildings, bridges, and structures under severe exposure conditions. High Performance Concrete (HPC) is the latest development in concrete.
Ar2000 Super Recycler, Purdue Ect Team
Ar2000 Super Recycler, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Hot in-place recycling (HIR) is a process for rehabilitating deteriorated asphalt pavements. HIR recycling enables repaving to be 25-30% cheaper than traditional asphalt resurfacing systems and minimizes the disruption of traffic. Martec's AR2000 Super Recycler is a self-propelled equipment train, consisting of two identical Preheaters, a Heater-Miller and a Heater-Mixer as the main units totaling 210 feet (64 m) in length, with a conventional paver, a rubber-tired roller and a vibratory roller added to handle laydown and compaction. This train recycles asphalt pavement in five separate stages: preheating, hot milling, heat and stir, pugmill mixing, and laydown and compaction.
Stay-In-Place (Sip) Formwork, Purdue Ect Team
Stay-In-Place (Sip) Formwork, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
With the recent development of composite materials, SIP system are offering architects and engineers numerous advantages over competitive systems such as maximum flexibility, cost saving, and efficient time control in the various construction field; residential, commercial, industrial building and bridge as well. SIP systems have been applied to various type of project providing various panels composed of synthetic materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), galvanized coiled sheet steel, fabricated steel, carbon/epoxy thin shell and so on for the specific requirement of each project.
Galvashield™ - Embedded Galvanic Anodes, Purdue Ect Team
Galvashield™ - Embedded Galvanic Anodes, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Repair of chloride-contaminated or carbonated concrete structures can result in accelerated corrosion problems on the reinforcing steel in adjacent concrete areas. Galvashield XP anodes provide localized corrosion protection in reinforced concrete buildings and structures. The palm-sized anode consists of a galvanic zinc core surrounded by an active cementitious matrix. These anodes are designed to reduce the ring anode corrosion commonly associated with concrete patch repairs and delay the onset of future corrosion.
Hot In Place Asphalt Recycling (Hipar), Purdue Ect Team
Hot In Place Asphalt Recycling (Hipar), Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
With limited funds destined to highway maintenance, the need to repair and maintain highways at the lowest cost possible has created a need for cost-effective ways to rehabilitate existing pavements in preference of reconstruction. Hot-In-Place-Asphalt-Recycling is defined as a process of correcting asphalt pavement surface distress by softening the existing surface with heat, mechanically removing the pavement surface, mixing with recycling agent, possibly adding virgin asphalt and/or aggregate and replace it on the pavement without removing the recycled material from the original pavement site.
Unpaved Road Stabilizer, Purdue Ect Team
Unpaved Road Stabilizer, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Many roads cannot be paved due to geological, environmental or economical reasons. However, unpaved roads may cause environmental concern from residents and users of the roadway. Natural Solutions Corporation's Roadbind products can reduce unpaved road maintenance costs by up to 95%, and help provide for a safer and healthier environment by eliminating hazardous fugitive dust and unsafe driving conditions.
Float-In Dam - "In The Wet" Construction Methods, Purdue Ect Team
Float-In Dam - "In The Wet" Construction Methods, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
"In-the-Wet" construction methods use off-site prefabrication combined with lift-in or float-in of large precast segments onto pre-installed foundations. Ben C. Gerwick, Inc. is teamed with Bergmann Associates of Rochester, New York, and D'Appolonia of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to design a replacement for Dam 2 on the Monongahela River for the US Army Corps of Engineers. This method offers several advantages over conventional "In-the-Dry" construction.
Dis Seismic Isolater, Purdue Ect Team
Dis Seismic Isolater, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets Archive
Seismic isolation bearings isolate a structure from the ground motion produced by an earthquake. The energy absorption devices are designed to absorb the energy associated with an earthquake. This seismic (Base) Isolator consists of alternate layers of rubber and steel bonded together, with a cylinder of pure lead tightly inserted through a hole in the middle. The rubber layers allow the isolator to easily displace sideways, reducing the earthquake loads felt by the building and its occupants. They also act as a spring, ensuring that the structure returns to its original position after the shaking has stopped.