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Articles 181 - 210 of 292
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Damping In Transient Pressurized Flows, Sahad Salim Elyass Khilqa
Damping In Transient Pressurized Flows, Sahad Salim Elyass Khilqa
Theses and Dissertations
Piping systems are commonly designed to withstand the first transient pressure peak, which is unaffected by dissipation. However, for multiple operations of control equipment, e.g., pump start-up following pump shutdown, load acceptance following load rejection on hydraulic turbines, etc., an accurate prediction of the dissipation of pressure oscillations is needed to determine a suitable time for the second operation. For this purpose, a method is presented to compute the dissipation of pressure oscillations in piping system following a simple procedure used for computing the dissipation of vibrations of bridges and other structures. Similar to structural engineering, this method is simple …
Damage Evaluation Of Concrete Structures Using Acoustic Emission, Rafal Anay
Damage Evaluation Of Concrete Structures Using Acoustic Emission, Rafal Anay
Theses and Dissertations
The deterioration and aging of the infrastructure in the U.S. have become a crucial issue, especially for highway bridges and nuclear power plants. The reliability and safety of existing structures are affected by growing populations and limited resources. This issue has gained significant concern during the last two decades and efforts are being conducted to accelerate the improvement of nondestructive testing (NDT) and structural health monitoring (SHM) methods. Additional information regarding the condition of existing structures and the early detection of damage can aid in reducing overall maintenance costs. The studies presented in this dissertation employ acoustic emission (AE) as …
Health Monitoring Of Liquid Pipelines, Mohammed Hameed Sabhan Al-Tofan
Health Monitoring Of Liquid Pipelines, Mohammed Hameed Sabhan Al-Tofan
Theses and Dissertations
The crude and refined oil, water, and other liquids are widely transported through pipelines over long distances within geographical boundaries of countries or beyond. Pipeline accidents, however, are frequent, affecting operation and reducing targeted performance. The frequency of these accidents presents a growing concern and necessitates the need for an effective health monitoring plan. This plan requires monitoring of flow conditions and warning of any changes or abnormal conditions. Abnormalities in the flow conditions include changes in the piping system performance due to defects, such as leaks and blockages. These changes can be located and quantified utilizing different approaches. Two …
Modeling To Predict The Salt Transport Between A Scale Model Estuary And The Unconfined Aquifer With Groundwater Flow, Abeer Ibraheem Khazaly
Modeling To Predict The Salt Transport Between A Scale Model Estuary And The Unconfined Aquifer With Groundwater Flow, Abeer Ibraheem Khazaly
Theses and Dissertations
In many field studies, variation in fluid density may have important effects on controlling groundwater flow and solute transport processes. These studies include: Indian River Lagoon (IRL), a coastal estuary, located on the east coast of Florida, saline disposal basins, radioactive waste disposal and contaminant spills. In the environment, where the fresh groundwater region is in direct contact with the saline seawater region in coastal aquifers, dynamic equilibrium normally exists between these two regions, but there are numerous human and environmental factors that can adversely impact the equilibrium and lead to severe saltwater contamination of the freshwater region. Intrusion of …
Lateral And Torsional Seismic Vibration Control For Torsionally Irregular Buildings, Osman Akyürek
Lateral And Torsional Seismic Vibration Control For Torsionally Irregular Buildings, Osman Akyürek
Theses and Dissertations
During strong earthquakes or wind gusts, it is likely that buildings with torsional irregularity in the plan have an can be seriously damaged, partially collapsed or fully collapsed. This is because Torsionally Irregular Buildings (TIBs) may have significant aerodynamic torsion loads that increase the eccentricity between the center of mass and the center of rigidity, especially in dominant torsion modes. For this reason, torsion leads to excessive increase in lateral motions when dynamic loads excite the buildings. Torsional irregularity is one of the main failure causes during strong dynamic excitations due to earthquakes or wind gusts. Ignoring torsional irregularity in …
Damping Coefficient Sensitivity Analysis Of High Rebound Soils In Florida, Aline Franqui
Damping Coefficient Sensitivity Analysis Of High Rebound Soils In Florida, Aline Franqui
Theses and Dissertations
The dynamic response of soils is related to a damping factor, which represents the energy absorbed by the soil as the pile moves. Certain blends of fine sands, silts and clays are producing pile rebound during driving. For that reason, the objective of this thesis is to conduct a damping coefficient sensitivity analysis of high rebound soils in Florida. Forty cyclic triaxial tests from six sites in Central and Northern Florida were analyzed to evaluate damping. Two approaches were used, one based on the change in stress over time and a second based on the viscous energy absorbed per cycle. …
Effect Of Industry Clusters And Commodity Flow Characteristics On The Selection Of Freight Transportation Modes In The United States With Advanced Econometric Approaches, Taleb Eissa Ali Eissa
Effect Of Industry Clusters And Commodity Flow Characteristics On The Selection Of Freight Transportation Modes In The United States With Advanced Econometric Approaches, Taleb Eissa Ali Eissa
Theses and Dissertations
Mode choice is an important strategic decision for shippers to carry commodities efficiently. Freight mode-choice is an important activity to develop a successful freight transportation business in the private sector and to plan for economically consistent freight transportation infrastructures in the public sector. Freight activities result from the complex interactions between different economic agents, but these relationships are commonly relaxed to account for three major agents: shippers, carriers and receivers. Furthermore, the behavior of freight choice is commonly not concentrated in one agent, but rather is divided jointly over multiple individuals and firms in a logistics process, each component of …
Taxonomy And Abstraction Of The On-Demand Mobility Aviation System For Smart Cities, Wancheng Dai
Taxonomy And Abstraction Of The On-Demand Mobility Aviation System For Smart Cities, Wancheng Dai
Theses and Dissertations
The on-demand mobility aviation system is a new paradigm providing aircraft-based point-to-point transportation services to travelers in urban and suburban areas. Many consider it as the next revolution in intelligent transportation systems. Since it does not require pre-scheduling and vehicles travel at high speed, travel times are dramatically decreased, which overcomes issues of the current ground transportation system, improves travel times and level of service, increases productivity and creates new business models. Likewise, it is envisioned to generate positive environmental outcomes. Since this is a new and unique mode of intelligent transportation, few is known about its potential success and …
Design And Analysis Of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Structure For Transportation Infrastructures, Salam Adil Mutlag Wtaife
Design And Analysis Of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Structure For Transportation Infrastructures, Salam Adil Mutlag Wtaife
Theses and Dissertations
Concrete is one of the most popular materials in superstructures (buildings), substructures (foundation) and infrastructure facilities (bridges, pavements, and tunnels). However, concrete is a brittle material that cracks easily under tension. Fiber may be used as reinforcement to impede the concrete from cracking as well as to increase the concrete flexural strength. Nevertheless, current design codes do not include this design enhancement. Furthermore, there are discrepancies in the design methodology concerning the inclusion of discrete fibers in concrete structures. Therefore; there is a need to develop new analysis methodology and design methodology for fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) and fiber reinforced …
Modeling Of Hurricane-Induced Interior And Contents Damage And Associated Time-Related Expenses To Residential Buildings, Roberto Vicente Silva De Abreu
Modeling Of Hurricane-Induced Interior And Contents Damage And Associated Time-Related Expenses To Residential Buildings, Roberto Vicente Silva De Abreu
Theses and Dissertations
Hurricanes are a main cause of economic losses in many parts of the world, including the state of Florida. They affect the exterior, interior, and the contents of residential buildings. The damage of the interior can be as much as half of the total damage, but the estimation of the interior damage is still somewhat crude. Most damage models estimate interior damage as a percentage of the exterior damage, or through simple relationships, that relate the height of water ingress in the building to the interior damage. The current version of the Commercial Low-Rise Residential vulnerability model (CLR) of the …
Development Of Models For Road-Rail Intermodal Freight Network Under Uncertainty, Md Majbah Uddin
Development Of Models For Road-Rail Intermodal Freight Network Under Uncertainty, Md Majbah Uddin
Theses and Dissertations
Freight activities are directly related to a country’s Gross Domestic Product and economic viability. In recent years, the U.S. transportation system supports a growing volume of freight, and it is anticipated that this trend will continue in the coming years. To support the projected increase in freight volume, an efficient, reliable, and low-cost freight logistics system is necessary to keep the U.S. competitive in the global market. In addition, intermodal transport is becoming an increasingly attractive alternative to shippers, and this trend is likely to continue as state and federal agencies are considering policies to induce a freight modal shift …
Mechanisms Of Radium Adsorption On Silica And Barite, Hamid Hamid
Mechanisms Of Radium Adsorption On Silica And Barite, Hamid Hamid
Theses and Dissertations
The use of experimental studies with computer modeling is vital in the development of cost-effective methods for treating radium containing wastewaters. The goal of this dissertation is to develop a multi-scale model to study radium removal mechanisms onto silica and barite, and the effect of water quality parameters on radium removal. The major tasks to be accomplished in this study are: to develop a multi-component isotherm model for radium removal on different ionized silica surfaces; to re-parameterize sulphate force fields to account for metal-sulfate interactions; and to simulate radium removal on barite under different water quality conditions. We conducted molecular …
Evaluation Of Bond Properties Between Fiber Reinforced Concrete Overlay And Substrate Concrete, Emad Okrush Alshammari
Evaluation Of Bond Properties Between Fiber Reinforced Concrete Overlay And Substrate Concrete, Emad Okrush Alshammari
Theses and Dissertations
Bonded concrete overlay is the most economical and quick option in concrete rehabilitation methods to provide strength for the existing structure. Bonded concrete overlay strength rely on properties of both layers (substrate and new layers). Poor bonding in interface zone leads to two main failures of concrete overlays; debonding and cracks. There are several traditional factors affect bond strength such as water to cement (w/c) ratio, moisture condition, and surface roughness for substrate layer. However, the effect of using fiber consider a new variable affecting bond strength. Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is one type of overlay system which has been …
Big Data And Sensor Network For Construction Material Testing, Yao Shi
Big Data And Sensor Network For Construction Material Testing, Yao Shi
Theses and Dissertations
Engineers and contractors need to have a precise understanding of the development progress of concrete strength in the natural environment, which helps to save project time and cost. However, current practice of concrete construction depends on published data, charts and curves from laboratory tests. The data would not show frequently changing environmental conditions in the real world, which can affect concrete quality significantly. The objective of this research is to design a reliable and accurate method to validate test data of the strength developments of concrete specimens in early stages. The approach includes the following tasks: (1) arrange sensors to …
Numerical Modeling Of Submarine Minibasin Flow And Morphodynamics, Elena Bastianon
Numerical Modeling Of Submarine Minibasin Flow And Morphodynamics, Elena Bastianon
Theses and Dissertations
Intraslope basins, or minibasins, are important morphological features of the continental slope in both modern and ancient sedimentary systems. Minibasins have an elliptical or spherical shape with a steep inlet or proximal zone followed by an almost horizontal basin floor, and an overflow zone near the downstream basin lip. These basins are filled with sediment transported by successive events of turbidity currents and other types of submarine flows. The work presented here focuses on turbidity current sedimentation in intraslope minibasins, which is often described in terms of the ‘fill-and- spill’ conceptual model. The ‘fill-and-spill’ model has been used previously to …
Characterization Of The Spatial And Temporal Changes In River Geometry And Sand Load With Field Data Analysis And 1d Numerical Modeling, Zeyad Ayoob Sulaiman
Characterization Of The Spatial And Temporal Changes In River Geometry And Sand Load With Field Data Analysis And 1d Numerical Modeling, Zeyad Ayoob Sulaiman
Theses and Dissertations
The quantification of the changes in channel geometry and sand load that have occurred on the Missouri River after engineering works and that characterize the Altamaha River in the fluvial-tidal transition zone is the main objective of this research. Dam construction and channelization on the Missouri River resulted in flow regulation, sediment shortage by dam reservoir trapping, channel straightening and narrowing. Quantifying the morphodynamic response of the Lower Missouri River to these engineering projects at short and long-time scales is a difficult problem that we approach with the analysis of the available field data and with the aid of a …
The Restoration Of The Nile River And Its Delta, Egypt. Numerical Modeling, Basim Mohammed Naseef Al-Zaidi
The Restoration Of The Nile River And Its Delta, Egypt. Numerical Modeling, Basim Mohammed Naseef Al-Zaidi
Theses and Dissertations
The construction of the High Aswan Dam significantly reduced the flood flows and the sediment supply to the Egyptian portion of the Nile River. Consequences of this changes in river hydrology are diffuse channel bed erosion in the upstream part of the river, in- channel sedimentation in the downstream part of the system, delta recession, habitat deterioration, wetlands loss, water pollution, and environmental problems. The feasibility of a Nile River-Delta restoration project with controlled flow releases and sediment augmentations at Aswan is here investigated with the aid of site-specific one-dimensional morphodynamic models. The water source for the restoration project, based …
Development Of A Small Diameter Rapid Pressuremeter Test For Unbound Pavement Layer Evaluations, Thaddeus Joseph Misilo Iii
Development Of A Small Diameter Rapid Pressuremeter Test For Unbound Pavement Layer Evaluations, Thaddeus Joseph Misilo Iii
Theses and Dissertations
Six inch and 12 inch long small diameter pressuremeter (SDPMT) probes were developed and tested extensively to determine in situ stress-strain properties of unbound pavement layers. They were deployed in the same hole as the one made during nuclear density testing. The stress strain response of conventional or incremental and continuous or rapid strain controlled tests in unbound pavement layers were evaluated at four sites in Brevard County, Florida. One test site was A-1-b base material, one was A-3 subgrade and two were compacted A-3 fill of subgrade quality. The SDPMT results were compared with nuclear density dry and wet …
Tornado And Hurricane Hazards: Reconnaissance, Structural Analysis And Vulnerability Modeling, Fernando Simon Plaz
Tornado And Hurricane Hazards: Reconnaissance, Structural Analysis And Vulnerability Modeling, Fernando Simon Plaz
Theses and Dissertations
This thesis is composed of three main projects which are directly linked to wind engineering. Hazards such as tornadoes and hurricanes are natural disasters which causes human and economic losses. First, the study consists on a forensic analysis made to a Tornado that hit Funing and Sheyang counties, in the Jiangsu Province of China. 21 villages, mostly rural, experienced important damages to different type of structures. The work will describe field observations and structural analyses made to communication towers. Preliminary estimates of wind speeds will be given based on the observations and the analysis as well as recommendations to reduce …
Comprehensive Comparison Of Steel Framed Fabric And Conventionally Constructed Aircraft Hangars, Justin M. Iungerich
Comprehensive Comparison Of Steel Framed Fabric And Conventionally Constructed Aircraft Hangars, Justin M. Iungerich
Theses and Dissertations
Through the life of the United States Air Force (USAF), the accepted method for constructing permanent aircraft hangars is the use of materials such as steel and concrete. However, the emerging type of construction known as steel framed fabric (SFF) construction shows potential to meet the requirements of the USAF at a lower life-cycle cost and with faster construction delivery. A comprehensive comparison to conventional hangars is conducted through the means of an extensive literature review, case study analysis, structural analysis with the use of finite element analysis (FEA) software, and a life-cycle cost comparison. Through examination of Department of …
Defining Success In Air Force Infrastructure Asset Management Through Use Of The Delphi Method, Brendan J. Maestas
Defining Success In Air Force Infrastructure Asset Management Through Use Of The Delphi Method, Brendan J. Maestas
Theses and Dissertations
Asset Management has a history of policy mandates within the US Government dating back to 1990’s. In order to accomplish these many directives, the Air Force Civil Engineer community has adopted a mindset and framework commonly referred to as Asset Management. Despite numerous references and guidance to establish Asset Management principles, the Air Force has not yet developed a clear and concise way to define or measure overarching success in Asset Management. This research effort focuses on closing the knowledge gap between issued policy and implementation. It examines Asset Management implementation efforts in other government agencies, private industries, and in …
Occupational Noise Dose Reduction Via Behavior Modification Using In-Ear Dosimetry Among Usaf Personnel Exposed To Continuous Impulse Noise, Jesse A. Trawick
Occupational Noise Dose Reduction Via Behavior Modification Using In-Ear Dosimetry Among Usaf Personnel Exposed To Continuous Impulse Noise, Jesse A. Trawick
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to investigate the use of in-ear noise dosimetry and worker feedback to reduce noise exposures among combat arms instructors and heavy equipment operators in the Air Force. Specifically, this thesis sought to determine how effectively hearing protection devices (HPDs) are being utilized currently, and whether providing at-ear noise exposure data to workers results in reduced noise exposures or changes in worker attitude. These questions were addressed by performing a six-month field study using dosimeters to record worker noise exposures under HPDs. Subjects served as their own control, receiving feedback in only the latter half …
Analysis Of Cross-Cultural Training Provided To United States Air Force Civil Engineer Officers, And How Engineering Efforts Are Affected On Overseas Air Force Installations: A Delphi Study, Bianca E. Boney
Theses and Dissertations
U.S. military personnel perform a wide array of roles and missions at locations all over the world. As such, this research investigates and describes the current process of cultural training, its adequacy, and examines how cultural differences and collaboration efforts may impede or enhance project management and engineering efforts. This qualitative analysis is conducted through a Delphi study of U.S. Air Force officers consisting of 15 subject matter experts (SMEs) with experiences from 13 different countries. All reported to have daily to weekly interactions with locals and foreign partners due to job requirements; however, no set standard of cultural training …
Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Food Waste For Nutrient Recovery And Reuse, Ifeolu M. Idowu
Hydrothermal Carbonization Of Food Waste For Nutrient Recovery And Reuse, Ifeolu M. Idowu
Theses and Dissertations
Food waste represents a rather large and currently underutilized source of potentially available and reusable nutrients. Laboratory-scale experiments evaluating the hydrothermal carbonization of food wastes collected from restaurants were conducted to understand how changes in feedstock composition and carbonization process conditions influence primary and secondary nutrient fate. Results from this work indicate that at all evaluated reaction times and temperatures, the majority of nitrogen, calcium, and magnesium remain integrated within the solid-phase, while the majority of potassium and sodium reside in the liquid-phase. The fate of phosphorus is dependent on reaction times and temperatures, with solid-phase integration increasing with higher …
Understanding Geopolymerization Process For Enhancement Of Mechanical Properties Of Fly Ash Based-Geopolymer Concrete, Lateef Najeh Assi
Understanding Geopolymerization Process For Enhancement Of Mechanical Properties Of Fly Ash Based-Geopolymer Concrete, Lateef Najeh Assi
Theses and Dissertations
Concrete is a major construction material that is largely made up of cement. Unfortunately, the manufacturing process for the cement currently used to produce concrete releases a great deal of CO2, which endangers the environment. Hence, finding alternatives to ordinary Portland cement is of extreme importance. The intellectual contribution of this dissertation is the development of an improved understanding of the geopolymerization process so that the compressive strength of cement can be maximized while the need for external heating is minimized. The intent is to create a substance to replace commonly used cement without sacrificing other beneficial properties. The first …
Assessing Exposure To Occupants In An Indoor Space Due To Expirated Aerosols: Application Of Computational Fluid Dynamics, Firoza Binte Omar
Assessing Exposure To Occupants In An Indoor Space Due To Expirated Aerosols: Application Of Computational Fluid Dynamics, Firoza Binte Omar
Theses and Dissertations
Indoor environment is an important issue for the well-being of the society. In the United States more than 90% people spend their time indoor, indoor air pollution is more culpable than the pollution outside air. Two third of US businesses lose more than $100,000 per year due to workplace related illness. The trend of sharing the work space has an impact on total sick leaves in a company. Infectious particles released by a flu sufferer’s sneezing, coughing or even laughing can be a vital source. A thorough analysis on infectious particles’ transmission and air flow of the space can provide …
Impact Of Critical Path Method (Cpm) Of Scheduling On On-Time Completion Of Transportation Projects, Fahim Ahmed
Impact Of Critical Path Method (Cpm) Of Scheduling On On-Time Completion Of Transportation Projects, Fahim Ahmed
Theses and Dissertations
This study addresses the effectiveness of Critical Path Method (CPM) scheduling on project delivery. Specifically, the on-time completion of projects with and without a CPM schedule is explored. The paper uses data from 2,097 South Carolina transportation projects let after February 2008 and substantially completed by August 2015. The delay analysis uses the original contract completion date as well as the completion date adjusted by change orders. Chi-Squared tests are used to examine the relationship between CPM scheduled projects and delayed projects, and t-tests are used to compare the mean delay (in days) between CPM scheduled and unscheduled projects. The …
Evaluation Of Sonocatalytic Degradation Of Ibuprofen And Sulfamethoxazole In The Presence Of Various Catalysts, Yasir Alhamadani
Evaluation Of Sonocatalytic Degradation Of Ibuprofen And Sulfamethoxazole In The Presence Of Various Catalysts, Yasir Alhamadani
Theses and Dissertations
Over the last two decades, large quantities of products, such as medicines, disinfectants, and personal care products, have been released into surface waters and wastewater treatment facilities by the pharmaceutical and chemical industries which have come to the attention of scientists with regard to their impacts on life in lakes, rivers, and groundwater. Among various types of treatment processes, ultrasonic (US) treatment process was used in this study to investigate the effect catalysts and removal of selected pharmaceutical’s (PhACs) compounds (ibuprofen (IBP) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX)). Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have become candidates for numerous applications in nanocomposites, microelectric devices, sensors, energy …
Acoustic Emission Detection In 304h Stainless Steel Due To Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking, Joseph W. Hill
Acoustic Emission Detection In 304h Stainless Steel Due To Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking, Joseph W. Hill
Theses and Dissertations
Storage of spent nuclear fuel has become problematic in past decades due to delayed completion of long-term repositories for various reasons. Temporary storage containers called Dry Cask Storage Systems (DCSS) made of stainless-steel and surrounded by reinforced concrete have been in use but are exceeding their designed usage periods. Defects in canisters can be exacerbated in climates susceptible to high humidity and salinity levels. As inspection and relicensing of DCSS increases, more efficient monitoring techniques could save nuclear facilities valuable time and resources. Crack detection of the canister walls or welds in real time may be possible utilizing acoustic emission …
Probabilistic Multilevel Constitutive Model Of The Compressive Strength Of Hardened Cement Paste Reinforced With Mwcnts, Yohanna Mejia Cruz
Probabilistic Multilevel Constitutive Model Of The Compressive Strength Of Hardened Cement Paste Reinforced With Mwcnts, Yohanna Mejia Cruz
Theses and Dissertations
Constitutive models available in the literature typically describe the compressive strength of ordinary Portland cement paste (OPC) in a deterministic fashion, in some cases as a function of variables such as W/C, porosity, and the clinker chemical composition. The significant effect of the proportion of W/C on the final strength, porosity and density have been reported in several works in material science. Some studies have shown that the addition of MWCNTs can also modify the microstructure of cement significantly, and improve compressive strength and other mechanical and physical properties. In principle, W/C, MWCNTs addition, porosity, density, and compressive strength are …