Civil Engineering Commons^™

A Determination Of The Sonic Modulus Of Early Age Concrete, William Dale Nelson

Masters Theses

"The problem which the writer is analyzing in this thesis was suggested by Professor E. W. Carlton of the Civil Engineering Department. It is a determination, by use of sonic testing equipment, of the growth in the sonic modulus of early age concrete.

Since 1938 when T. C. Powers published his paper, "Measuring Young's Modulus of Elasticity by Means of Sonic Vibrations", in the proceedings of the American Society of Testing Materials, Vol. 38, Part II, a great deal of work has been done on the applications of sonic testing of concrete. It began a new era in concrete testing, …

A Comparative Determination Of Weld Shearing Values In Welded Wire Reinforcement Fabric, Ernest Charles Kobs

Masters Theses

"At the suggestion of Professor E. W. Carlton, Chairman, Civil Engineering Department, Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy, the author selected as subject for research thesis, “A Comparative Determination of Weld Shear Values in Welded Wire Reinforcement Fabric”.

In 1948, the Wire Reinforcement Institute initiated a research program to measure the actual stresses, including weld shear stresses, that occur in Welded Wire Fabric when used as reinforcement in a concrete slab. A great majority of this research was under the supervision of Professor Carlton.

The results of these investigations indicated a wide variation in strength of welds. As a means …

Investigation Of Plastic Deformation In Prestressed Concrete Slabs From Long Time Loading, Joe B. Roberts

Masters Theses

"It is the purpose of this research to investigate the creep in a thin concrete slab under a long-time prestress load with the compressive load being applied to the edge of the slab through a bearing plate of small dimensions.

Seven plain concrete slabs, 3' x 4' x 4", approximately one year old, made of normal cement and approved aggregate were subjected to the following loading conditions: (1) Three slabs loaded at the center of the greater dimension with a prestress load or 20,000 pounds applied over an area of eight square inches, (2) Three slabs loaded symmetrically at six …

Filter Materials For Emergency Use In Diatomite Type Water Filters, Robert Wassell Mcleane

Masters Theses

"A completely different type of filter, using diatomaceous earth as the filter media, had been in use for many years for filtration of industrial liquids, however, the use of diatomaceous earth for water filtration purposes had been discouraged due to the rapid clogging of the filter material. "As late as 1930 it was reported that the very excellence of filtration with diatomite prevented its extensive use in water filtration except where complete elimination of bacteria and suspended matter is essential.”

Diatomaceous earth, however, seemed to exhibit the general properties the research groups were seeking; in the refined state it exhibited …

Investigation Of Length Changes And Warping In Thin Prestressed Pavements, Wilbur D. Stites

Masters Theses

"The present growth of the American highway system presents a staggering problem to the highway designer. The increased and urgent demand for more highways, capable of accommodating traffic loads that are constantly increasing, combined with the increased construction cost of highways, behooves the present day highway designer to envision future highway problems that will arise. These future problems are numerous and complex; however, it seems the primary problem is the selection of a surfacing material that will withstand projected traffic loads with a maximum economy of construction and future maintenance costs. Concrete at the present time is the most satisfactory …

Creep Characteristics Of Thin Prestressed Concrete Slabs, Wayne F. Alch

Masters Theses

"Prestressed concrete as a structural material is finding wider usage in the United States today. Until recently, economic factors have precluded the use of prestressed concrete in this country, while Europe became the leader in discovering new uses and applications in construction for the material. As new methods are developed in this country, more engineers and contractors are discovering that prestressed concrete is, in many ways, far superior to plain or reinforced concrete. In line with this awakening the Missouri Highway Department is carrying on research to determine the feasibility of prestressed concrete for highway slabs. This study is a …

Physical Properties Of Concrete At Early Ages, Curtis E. Weddle Jr.

Masters Theses

"The introduction of the motor vehicle and the subsequent rapid expansion of the highway systems of the United States have brought with them many problems.

The Civil Engineer, in his attempts to provide adequate safe avenues of travel for the populace, has been faced with many problems. Handicapped by the need for speed in design and lack of information of the trends in motor vehicle design, the engineer has been forced at times to utilize design methods inconsistent with good engineering practices.

Of the many types of pavement sections which have been designed in an effort to provide structurally and …

Investigation Of Length Changes In Prestressed Concrete Slabs With Outside Exposures, John Best

Masters Theses

"In general, pavements may be classed as being either rigid or flexible. The term “rigid pavement”, as commonly used in the United States, is applied only to wearing surfaces constructed of portland-cement concrete. All other types of pavements are classed as “flexible”. A pavement constructed of portland-cement concrete is assumed to possess considerable flexural strength which will permit it to act as a beam and allow it to bridge any minor irregularities which may occur in the base on which it rests, hence the term “rigid”….

In view of the experience and information gathered in over 50 years of road …

The Correlation Of Kelly Ball Penetration Readings With Standard Slump Cone Readings For Concrete Made From Missouri Aggregates, James Claude Rives

Masters Theses

"The ASTM standard slump test as set forth in ASTM Designation: C143-52, has been used for many years in concrete construction tor measuring the consistency of plastic concrete. Slump tests taken in the laboratory are considered reasonably accurate; however, there are numerous disadvantages in performing these tests in the field; the most serious being the time required to make a test on pavement work. The standard slump cone method is also subject to personal differences in sampling, rigidity and smoothness of base, dampening the apparatus, filling the cone, rodding, raising the cone, freedom from jarring and selection of point to …

Development Of Rating Curves For Concrete Rebound Hammer On Concrete Specimens From Local Aggregates, Rolla Smith Lush

Masters Theses

"Frequently engineers find it imperative to determine the compressive strength of concrete as it exists in a structure. There are two methods of making this determination, either by a destructive or a non-destructive test. The destructive test has the disadvantage of being costly, time consuming, and detrimental to the appearance of the concrete surface. The non-destructive, pulse-velocity, sonic measuring devices used to determine the compressive strength of concrete in the field also have the disadvantage of high cost due to the large initial cost of the equipment.

A relatively new non-destructive testing device has been developed which may replace the …

The Magnitude And Directions Of Strains And Stresses In Edge Loaded Concrete Slabs, William M. Baldwin

Masters Theses

"The concrete industry in the United States represents one of the fastest growing segments of the national economy. Many reasons for this may be given, among which are, the durability of concrete structures, the local availability of a large portion of the materials used in concrete, and its wide range of adaptability to the designs of engineers and architects.

One of the most recent changes in concrete usage is the change from reinforced concrete to prestressed concrete. The term prestressed as used herein refers to any type of reinforced concrete in which the reinforcing material has a stress prior to …

Physical Properties Of Concrete At Early Ages, Peter G. Hansen

Masters Theses

"One of the principal types of heavy duty pavements in use in Missouri and in many other states is that known as rigid type portland cement concrete.

There have been two major trends in this type of pavement design. One of these trends is the use of short slabs, i.e., 15 to 25 feet, with no reinforcement. Another trend consists of concrete slabs containing distributed reinforcement such as wire mesh or reinforcing bars with joints occurring at fairly large intervals of 50 to 100 feet. As loads on the highways have increased the designers have increased the slab thicknesses and …

Determination Of The Effect Of Air-Entraining Agents On Certain Physical Properties Of Concrete At Early Ages, James Arthur Spilman

Masters Theses

"Air entrained concrete over the past eighteen years has received national recognition as a result of its satisfactory performance in highway concrete pavements and other concrete structures subjected to outside exposure.

Numerous highway departments over the entire United States have laid test slabs made of air entrained concrete. Among those to date are Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, Maine, Illinois, Missouri and California. The primary purpose in building these test slabs was to investigate their durability or resistance to freezing and thawing and the action of various salts on air entrained concrete. The results of the test …

Correlation Of Weir Crest Depth, Froude Number, H/P Ratio, Weir Thickness, Paul Harrawood

Masters Theses

"1. The Froude number criterion for weir flow was shown to be sound and accurate by experimental verification of the theoretical correlation of Froude number and critical depth. It was proved that sub-critical, critical and super-critical flows are correctly identified by the Froude number.

2. In order to accurately determine the Froude number, the actual flow section at the weir crest must be known. Because of end contractions, it does not have the same dimensions as the weir opening. For the Cipoletti weir, it is the product of the length of the crest and the crest depth, i.e., A= by. …

An Investigation Of Continuous Steel Beams In The Plastic Range, Robert Adams Shoolbred

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the action of beams in the plastic range. The test specimen will be a 4WF 13 structural shape continuous over three supports having equal span lengths of seven feet. Three types of loading were chosen. The first loading will be concentrated in the center of each span. The second loading will be a concentrated load in the center of one span only. The third loading will be the settlement of the two end supports until a plastic hinge forms at the center support, then the two spans will be loaded with concentrated …

Horizontal Pressures On Retaining Walls Due To Line Surface Loads, John B. Heagler

Masters Theses

"Among the oldest types of structures with which engineers have had to deal are those which serve to laterally restrain masses of earth, or to prevent earth embankments from assuming their natural angle of repose. This is necessary where space is limited or the natural slope would encroach upon other property. These structures, usually called retaining walls, are subjected to forces, both lateral and vertical due to the pressures exerted by the backfill material and any loads imposed on the backfill material. The first step in the design of the retaining wall is to determine the magnitude, position, and line …

Investigation Of Soil Bricks As A Building Material, Ahmet Ilter

Masters Theses

"The need of a cheap construction material for small village farm construction in Turkey makes soil-cement a most desirable material. What is more, as far as the author knows, soil-cement has not found any application in farm house construction in Turkey as yet. So the author, being acquainted with his native country's house construction problem, and seeing the suitable application soil-cement have on such construction, came to the decision that he should investigate this problem thoroughly.

The main objective of the tests run in this investigation will be to find the strength of different samples of soil-cement. The stabilizer used …

Runoff And Soil Moisture, John William Clark Jr.

Masters Theses

"Hydrology is the science treating of water from the time it hits the earth until it leaves the earth. This never ending movement of water is called the "hydrologic cycle" and is best summarized graphically. The hydrologist is primarily concerned with rainfall, runoff and evaporation. One of the basic aims of the science is to compute the surface runoff from any rain on a given area. Surface runoff is here considered as that water which reaches the channels without penetrating the ground, plus subsurface storm flow. Subsurface storm flow is slower than surface runoff but faster than ground water flow. …

The Effect Of Air-Entrainment On Concrete Containing Chert Gravel, Ali Erdogan Dinc

Masters Theses

"The problem which the writer is analyzing in this paper has been suggested to him by Prof. Carlton of the Civil Engineering Department. It consists of two parts.

1. 1. Bar-Run aggregate is to be obtained from Springcreek near Rolla. This material is to be screened and recombined to obtain the best gradation for highest strength concrete obtainable.
2. Durability studies are to be made on the concrete resulting from best established mix by varying the amount of air entrainment compound (Vinsol Resin) to be added to the cement"--Introduction, page 1.

Serrated Wire For Welded Wire Fabric, Homer F. Thompson

Masters Theses

"The Wire Reinforcement Institute, Inc., is concerned, primarily, with gathering data and technical information to substantiate the following:

1. That welded wire fabric, when used as a reinforcement in concrete, distributes the stresses throughout the concrete slab, as has been maintained by engineers during the past 40 years.
2. That welded wire fabric provides adequate crack control within the working limits of the fabric.

In order to efficiently accomplish Objectives 1 and 2 above, we wish to establish:

1. The safe working stress that we can safely recommend for welded wire fabric -- both in bond and tension.
2. The proper spacing of longitudinal …

An Investigation As To The Uses Of The Topographic Map And Improvements Desired By The General Public, George O. Boeckman

Masters Theses

"The demand for topographic maps from hunters, fishermen, vacationers, professional engineers etc, has been increasing with each passing year. In 1940 people bought some 700,000 copies of topographic maps. In 1946 sales had jumped to well over 2,000,000 copies. Civilian use of these maps by veterans has contributed substantially to the tremendous expansion of demand for maps since World War II. In recent years, the quality of topographic maps has been greatly improved by refinements in methods and by the use of aerial photography in map compilation. This advancement, and an ever-increasing demand from engineers, geologists, and many others for …

An Economic Study Of The "C" Factor, David Hunter Robinson

Masters Theses

"After due consideration of the facts and hypothetical conditions enumerated herein, it was decided that this work would be devoted to developing a means of determining the most economical “C” factor to be used; one that will be consistent with ease of operating the plotting machine, the required accuracy of the finished compilation and economy. In other words, the highest value of the "C" factor that will produce results within the accuracy requirements under normal operating procedures.

As a secondary project, it was decided to plot a curve using points determined by analyzing a series of spot readings made at …

Hydrology Of Small Drainage Areas, James Kinchen Searcy

Masters Theses

"Realizing the need for data on small drainage areas the Missouri Highway Commission in 1947 began a cooperative project with the Water Resources Division of the United States Geological Survey which includes the establishment of small area gaging stations and recording rain gages.

The purpose of this investigation is to study some of the data collected in the few years of operation of these small area stations with the aim of testing some of the hydrologic tools useful in the study of larger drainage basins to determine their applicability on small drainage basins. The relationship between the runoff of large …

An Investigation Of End-Anchorage And Performance Of Sr-4 Strain Gages On A Prestressed Concrete Beam, Howard W. Nunez Jr.

Masters Theses

"In recent years there has been brought to the attention of engineers and architects a new medium of construction---prestressed concrete. Reinforced concrete has long been recognized as a satisfactory material for use in the construction of buildings, bridges, highways, tanks and other structures. However, most concrete designers will concede that this material has many drawbacks. For instance, in a simple beam of rectangular cross-section, roughly only one half or the concrete is relied on to resist compressive forces. The tensile strength of the concrete is considered to be zero, and steel bars or rods must be inserted to carry the …

The Effect Of Grain Size On Shearing Strength Of Sand, Keyhan Samimi

Masters Theses

"The object of this study is to determine experimentally the effect of definite grain size on the shearing characteristics of sandy soils. As it will be discussed in detail under the article - The Mechanics of Shear, the shearing characteristics of sandy soils depends on many factors such as grain size and shape, soil structure and relative density, the water content of soil. An attempt is made throughout the entire investigation to determine the effect of definite grain size on the shearing value and the angle of internal friction under the dry and saturated conditions. Furthermore, the results of shear …

Investigation Of The Fundamental Properties Of Rubber-Asphalt Mixtures, Yali Cevat Hasan

Masters Theses

"The writer of this thesis believes that the most important thing next to the original construction cost of a road, is the maintenance cost. It is apparent that the maintenance cost for any given road is directly proportional to the percentage of worn out sections in that road. It is believed that climatic conditions are the very first cause of road failures and that traffic on the road often has a secondary degree of importance in the causing of road surface failures….

It is obvious that extreme heat as well as extreme cold will ruin a road. A heavy traffic …

The Relationship Between The Centrifuge Moisture Equivalent And The Vacuum Moisture Equivalent In Soils, Samuel Payton Halcomb

Masters Theses

"Soil is a material that has been formed through the influence of many different natural agencies. The engineer is not so much interested in how the soil was formed, but he does want to know the characteristics of the soil with respect to its use as a structural material. Therefore, the engineer is primarily interested in the physical properties of soils.

Much progress has been made during the past twenty five years in the study of Soil Mechanics, but even today there is a tendency among engineers to think of soil as just a mixture of clay, sand, silt and …

An Economy Study Of Vierendeel Trusses, Donald Lee Dean

Masters Theses

"Since the introduction of the pin connected steel truss in the United States in 1847 as a truss that could be actually designed, there has been very few basic changes in the truss as a structure. True, web members have been sloped or braced in many different ways to best adapt the truss for the structural materials being used, and over the protests of many , pin connections have almost wholly given way to riveted or arc welded connections, however, the basic idea of using all members as two force members has prevailed. Concern over the existence of bending stresses …

Investigation Of Stress And Crack Distribution In Concrete Slabs Containing Welded Wire Reinforcement, Joseph H. Senne

Masters Theses

"Concrete is daily becoming more important as a structural material. However, without steel reinforcement, concrete would never have attained such wide use since, being weak in tension, it must be combined with some other material to take the tension stresses and prevent the tension cracks in the concrete from opening an appreciable amount.

One type of steel reinforcement used particularly for footings, beams and columns is known as deformed bar. In this case deformations are placed on the bars at the time of rolling. These deformations act as mechanical anchorage in preventing the bar from slipping, thus allowing it to …

The Economic Spacing Of Contraction Joints In Reinforced Concrete Pavements, Wilbert Frederick Wegener

Masters Theses

"Structurally, there are two types of joints used in concrete pavements: (a) the tied, or permanently-closed joint; and (b) the open or free type of joint. The permanently closed joint utilized tie-steel of some form to keep the joint from opening. Usually, this steel is in the form of short individual bars extending across the joint and bonded to both slabs (designated as "tie-bars") or in the form of distributed reinforcement. The remaining method of classification, that of refering [sic] to the joint purpose, gives the expansion joint, contraction joint, and warping joint. An expansion joint is, as the name …