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Articles 31 - 60 of 164
Full-Text Articles in Civil Engineering
Sharing Is Caring: Assessing Willingness To Share Autonomous Vehicles For Evacuation And Disaster Relief, Thomas Alan Shirley
Sharing Is Caring: Assessing Willingness To Share Autonomous Vehicles For Evacuation And Disaster Relief, Thomas Alan Shirley
All Theses
Coastal areas in the southeastern United States face the threat of hurricanes each year. Some of the greatest danger associated with these storms is experienced by citizens without personal means to evacuate. Along with storms comes the inevitable post-disaster relief process of evaluating losses and delivering supplies. With the rapid development of autonomous vehicle technology, this study examines the potential use of autonomous vehicles, publicly or privately owned, to assist in these evacuation and disaster relief efforts. Examining this new field of study, the researchers hosted three focus groups and received 1050 responses to an online survey. Based on the …
Determination Of Safe Ballasts For Anchoring Event Tents By Finite Element Analysis, Sandeep Manoharan
Determination Of Safe Ballasts For Anchoring Event Tents By Finite Element Analysis, Sandeep Manoharan
All Theses
Event tents are large structures made of fabric covers attached to a structural frame and poles. Every year, many temporarily installed tents are subjected to large wind conditions that lead to sliding or lift of the frame due to improper anchoring to the ground. When ballasted, as opposed to anchored using stakes that penetrate the ground, non-certified tents are generally installed without proper analysis of sufficient ballast weights, which results into tent movements and lack of safety. The objective of this thesis is to determine load factors for non-certified tents affected by high wind loads. The load requirements (load factors) …
Condition Assessment Of Clemson University's Parking Network And Development Of A Framework To Support Pavement Management, Yazurved Sai Vishwaksen Aravalli
Condition Assessment Of Clemson University's Parking Network And Development Of A Framework To Support Pavement Management, Yazurved Sai Vishwaksen Aravalli
All Theses
The concept of pavement management system for Clemson University parking network provides a rehabilitation programming strategy for parking and transportation services department at Clemson University. The department invests funds to keep parking lots in good condition which pays large rewards in terms of savings for both Clemson University and parking lot users. Clemson University Pavement Management System (CU-PMS) will provide quality information for better decisions to ensure the funds invested gets the best value. This project consists of developing a useful and efficient network-level PMS for Clemson University parking lot network. The study area includes all the parking lots in …
A Robust Data Exchange Framework For Connected Vehicle Technology Supported Dynamic Transit Operations, Yucheng An
A Robust Data Exchange Framework For Connected Vehicle Technology Supported Dynamic Transit Operations, Yucheng An
All Theses
Transit systems are an integral part of surface transportation systems. A connected vehicle technology (CVT) supported transit system will assist the users to manage trips both dynamically and efficiently. The primary focus of this research is to develop and evaluate the performance of a secure, scalable, and resilient data exchange framework. In the developed data exchange framework, a new data analytics layer, named Transit Cloud, is used to receive data from different sources, and send it to different users for a Dynamic Transit Operations (DTO) application. The DTO application allows the transit users to request trip information and obtain itineraries, …
Improving The Implementation Of Pavement Preservation Strategies In South Carolina, Franklin Reed
Improving The Implementation Of Pavement Preservation Strategies In South Carolina, Franklin Reed
All Theses
With compounding budget constraints on infrastructure, cost effective solutions to maintain roadways are becoming increasingly important. Pavement preservation provides a cost effective option to keep the roadway network at an acceptable level. However, pavement preservation is a relatively new concept that many states have not fully implemented successfully. This research supports efforts to improve the pavement preservation practices in the state of South Carolina. It analyzes the current pavement preservation practices in South Carolina as well as other states to identify where improvements could be made. The research also outlines a treatment tracking program for the state of South Carolina …
Operational Analysis Of Traditional Access Management Strategies & Demand-Responsive Access Control On Arterials, Joshua Mitchell
Operational Analysis Of Traditional Access Management Strategies & Demand-Responsive Access Control On Arterials, Joshua Mitchell
All Theses
Arterials are typically characterized by closely-spaced signalized intersections, high driveway density, and high traffic volumes. These characteristics contribute to congestion, as well as crashes. Access management strategies can address both operational and safety issues on urban arterials. This research focuses on the operational impacts of access management with two objectives: (1) quantify the impacts of ‘traditional’ access management strategies and (2) quantify the impacts of demand-responsive access control. To satisfy Objective 1, four traditional access management strategies were tested – (i) access spacing, (ii) corner clearance, (iii) access restriction, and (iv) raised median implementation. These were analyzed in four respective …
Design And Analysis Of Foundation For Onshore Tall Wind Turbines, Shweta Shrestha
Design And Analysis Of Foundation For Onshore Tall Wind Turbines, Shweta Shrestha
All Theses
Wind turbines play a vital role in producing sustainable and clean energy to fulfill the growing energy needs. Energy generated from wind turbines being more sustainable and cost effective, many countries have taken a major step to develop wind turbines with large capacity. There has been a significant reduction in the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) since the 1980’s from the development of larger wind farms and from consistent performance improvements of wind turbine components. The power generation capacity of wind turbines has increased significantly over the years with the use of taller towers. When the tower height increases, the …
Benefits Of A State Driveway Database With Qualitative And Quantitative Crash Analysis, Andrew Bryant Stokes
Benefits Of A State Driveway Database With Qualitative And Quantitative Crash Analysis, Andrew Bryant Stokes
All Theses
The primary goal of this research is to show how a fully developed driveway database will improve access management practices resulting in a reduction in crashes, injuries, and fatalities on our roadways. The results of this thesis highlight a close relationship between driveway characteristics and the incidence of crashes. Thus, it is critical to be proactive in enforcing access management strategies and policies that are designed to enhance driveway safety without compromising the economic vitality of land use along roads. The analysis identified several significant independent variables that influence crash rates either positively or negatively. The data driven approach to …
Stochastic Wavenumber Estimation: Damage Detection Through Simulated Guide Lamb Waves, Garrison Stevens
Stochastic Wavenumber Estimation: Damage Detection Through Simulated Guide Lamb Waves, Garrison Stevens
All Theses
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a field of research that seeks to identify the onset of damage in infrastructure systems such that catastrophic failures can be averted. Acoustic Wavenumber Spectroscopy (AWS) is an emerging SHM technique that can identify and locate change of thickness resulting from damage in thin plates through the estimation of the characteristic wavenumber. AWS measures the ultrasonically induced vibrations of thin plates by laser scanners and monitors the propagation of Rayleigh-Lamb waves through the structure. This method is particularly suitable for thin-walled structures such as those contained in pipes, airplanes, and wind turbine blades. While AWS …
Combined Numberical And Experimental Assessment Of Steel Roof Decks Subjected To Windborne Debris, Robert Roper
Combined Numberical And Experimental Assessment Of Steel Roof Decks Subjected To Windborne Debris, Robert Roper
All Theses
In the summer of 2013, a steel roof deck manufacturer (Company A) approached Clemson University about testing their steel roof decking product to evaluate the performance of the steel roof deck to resist impact from tornado windborne debris using FEMA P-361 Design and Construction Guidance for Community Safe Rooms. To assist Company A in better serving their customers in areas prone to severe wind events and to facilitate use of their products in community safe rooms, debris impact tests were conducted on two cold-formed corrugated steel roof decking products. Community safe rooms are buildings that are constructed in accordance with …
Geotechnical Analysis Of The Foundation Of Fort Sumter National Monument Using Numerical Modeling, Daniel Kyser
Geotechnical Analysis Of The Foundation Of Fort Sumter National Monument Using Numerical Modeling, Daniel Kyser
All Theses
The foundational condition of the historical coastal fortification of Fort Sumter in Charleston, SC was analyzed though the use of numerical modeling. In this study, two-dimensional Finite Element (FE) analyses were conducted to assess the stability of the foundation-casemates-wall system in a coupled manner subjected to potential loadings such as ocean waves, storm surge and earthquake. The finite element model was verified by modeling the historical events (construction between 1820 and 1860, demolition due to artillery bombardment, reconstruction, earthquake, building of the Battery Huger, and the removal of fill from the parade ground) since the construction of the fort in …
Optimal Design Of Validation Experiments For Calibration And Validation Of Complex Numerical Models, Matthew Egeberg
Optimal Design Of Validation Experiments For Calibration And Validation Of Complex Numerical Models, Matthew Egeberg
All Theses
As prediction of the performance and behavior of complex engineering systems shifts from a primarily empirical-based approach to the use of complex physics-based numerical models, the role of experimentation is evolving to calibrate, validate, and quantify uncertainty of the numerical models. Oftentimes, these experiments are expensive, placing importance on selecting experimental settings to efficiently calibrate the numerical model with a limited number of experiments. The aim of this thesis is to reduce the experimental resources required to reach predictive maturity in complex numerical models by (i) aiding experimenters in determining the optimal settings for experiments, and (ii) aiding the model …
Application Of Bamboo For Flexural And Shear Reinforcement In Concrete Beams, Nathan Schneider
Application Of Bamboo For Flexural And Shear Reinforcement In Concrete Beams, Nathan Schneider
All Theses
As the developing world is industrializing and people migrate to cities, the need for infrastructure is growing quickly and concrete has become one of the most widely used construction materials. One poor construction practice observed widely across the developing world is the minimal use of reinforcement for concrete structures due to the high cost of steel. As a low-cost, high-performance material with good mechanical properties, bamboo has been investigated as an alternative to steel for reinforcing concrete. The goal of this research is to add to the knowledge base of bamboo reinforced concrete (BRC) by investigating a unique stirrup design …
Decentralized Water Systems For Sustainable And Reliable Supply, Suraj Goverdhanam
Decentralized Water Systems For Sustainable And Reliable Supply, Suraj Goverdhanam
All Theses
The water industry is under enormous pressure to provide potable water in circumstances of increasing demands due to population growth, lifestyle change of people and depleting freshwater resources. Deteriorating infrastructure makes the task of meeting the human water consumption needs even more challenging. Distributed water supply systems are currently pursued as a sustainable alternative in arid regions of US to exploit the potential of water reclamation at community or district level to reduce the dependence on freshwater resources. An extension of such a distributed water supply alternative is a complete decentralized supply, which requires on-site water reclamation. The intention of …
Developing A South Carolina Traffic Incident Management Plan Along The I-26 Corridor Between Columbia And Charleston, Laura Rowe
All Theses
Traffic Incident Management (TIM) programs are used in many states across the nation to efficiently clear interstate incidents and alleviate congestion in response to incidents. The overarching goal of this research is to maintain safety of the motoring public and incident responders while reducing congestion, secondary collisions, and traffic delays from incidents that occur on South Carolina highways. To reduce incident clearance times along the I-26 corridor between Columbia and Charleston through the implementation of a Traffic Incident Management (TIM) Program, several objectives for this thesis were established to move toward the goal, including; defining gaps between national TIM best-practices …
Investigation Of Warm Mix Asphalt Overlays And Geosynthetic Pavement Interlayers, William Bolger
Investigation Of Warm Mix Asphalt Overlays And Geosynthetic Pavement Interlayers, William Bolger
All Theses
Geosynthetics play an ever increasing role in enhancing pavements. The construction of asphalt overlays with geosynthetic interlayers is a common method to rehabilitate flexible and rigid pavements. Geosynthetic interlayers provide numerous benefits to a pavement system. When utilized properly, geosynthetic interlayers can prevent water from infiltrating a roadway base and can extend the life of a pavement and assist in absorbing stresses. Geoysnthetics lead to an increase in a pavement overlay's performance and also retard reflective cracking. Warm mix asphalt has become more popular as a result of the search for more sustainable construction practices. WMA and its technologies are …
Clemson University Science Master's Program In Sustainable And Resilient Infrastructure: A Program Evaluation, Elizabeth O'Sell
Clemson University Science Master's Program In Sustainable And Resilient Infrastructure: A Program Evaluation, Elizabeth O'Sell
All Theses
The Clemson University Science Master's Program (SMP) in Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure is a program which aims to link engineering, materials, construction, environment, architecture, business, and public policy to produce graduates with unique holistic perspective and expertise to immediately contribute to the workforce in the area of sustainable and resilient infrastructure. A program evaluation of the SMP has been performed to study the effectiveness of the SMP and identify areas where the goals and vision of the SMP are achieved and areas where improvements can be made. This was completed by analysis of trends within survey responses, review of Master's …
Preliminary Evaluation Of Kenaf As A Structural Material, Andrew Sheldon
Preliminary Evaluation Of Kenaf As A Structural Material, Andrew Sheldon
All Theses
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is an annual fiber plant that is kin to cotton and okra and native to east-central Africa, though it is currently grown in numerous locations around the globe. The plant's apparent high strength and light weight along with its environmental and sustainability advantages makes it a good candidate for use in structural materials. The goal of this study was to design a kenaf product that resembled parallel strand lumber and required minimal processing of the kenaf. The mechanical properties of the two main components of kenaf, the bast fibers and the core, were evaluated using experimental …
Influence Of Different Rubber Modified Binder Variables On Performance Properties Of Porous Asphalt Mixtures, Katelyn Love
Influence Of Different Rubber Modified Binder Variables On Performance Properties Of Porous Asphalt Mixtures, Katelyn Love
All Theses
Porous asphalt is a type of pavement in which surface water can permeate down into the subbase below. Open graded friction course (OGFC) is a type of porous asphalt often used as a surface course on top of dense graded pavements on high speed roadways. Due to an increase in waste tires, rubber modified asphalt has become an increasingly popular material around the world, including the US. The rubber modified asphalt is created by utilizing processed rubber particles blended into the mixture. This research investigated the effects of rubber modified binder on the performance of porous asphalt by evaluating the …
Post-Tensioning To Prevent End-Region Cracks In Pretensioned Concrete Girders, Michael Willis
Post-Tensioning To Prevent End-Region Cracks In Pretensioned Concrete Girders, Michael Willis
All Theses
Web-splitting cracking during and immediately after prestress transfer is a common problem in pretensioned concrete beams, often with lasting effects on the durability and performance. By providing an entry point for chlorides and other corrosives, end-region cracks enable degradation of reinforcing steel and further cracking. Current practices offer a variety of methods for controlling end-region cracking. However, methods for preventing--not just controlling or repairing--end-region cracks are necessary to improve prestressed concrete construction. Vertical end-region post-tensioning is a developing method for preventing web-splitting cracks. The purpose of this document is to explore implementation methods of post-tensioning using the turn-of-the nut procedure, …
Evaluating The Predictive Capability Of Numerical Models Considering Robustness To Non-Probabilistic Uncertianty In The Input Parameters, Parker Shields
Evaluating The Predictive Capability Of Numerical Models Considering Robustness To Non-Probabilistic Uncertianty In The Input Parameters, Parker Shields
All Theses
The paradigm of model evaluation is challenged by compensations between various forms of errors and uncertainties that are inherent to the model development process due to, for instance, imprecise model input parameters, scarcity of experimental data and lack of knowledge regarding an accurate mathematical representation of the system. When calibrating model input parameters based on fidelity to experiments, such compensations lead to non-unique solutions. In turn, the existence of non-unique solutions makes the selection and use of one `best' numerical model risky. Therefore, it becomes necessary to evaluate model performance based not only on the fidelity of the predictions to …
Mechanistic Characterization Of Rubberized Asphalt Mixture And Design Using Full Scale Tire-Pavement Finite Element Modeling, Sajib Saha
All Theses
Rubberized half-warm mix asphalt (HWMA) is being considered as one of the promising and sustainable solutions to the current environmental and economic crisis of asphalt industry. A fully mechanistic characterization and performance analysis of this mixture subjected to realistic loading and temperature conditions is necessary before its application in a practical pavement structure. The objective of this research is to characterize the viscoelastic properties of rubberized HWMA at different temperatures and to develop and validate a finite element model of a tire-pavement structure. In this research, a generalized Maxwell model is chosen to represent the time dependent stress-strain behavior of …
Safety And Operational Characteristics Of Lane Widths On Urban And Rural Roadways A Simulator Study, Meredith Ladue
Safety And Operational Characteristics Of Lane Widths On Urban And Rural Roadways A Simulator Study, Meredith Ladue
All Theses
The primary goal for this study was to further evaluate and assess the effect of lane width on the safety and operation of roadways in South Carolina. Due to various site conditions that affect the safety and operations of roadways, highway design engineers often face many challenges when developing appropriate road design standards. To investigate specific site conditions for the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) a research study took place. In 2011, Part 1 of this research included field studies conducted by Kevin Baumann and Trey Jordan. Due to the various limitations of the field studies it was evident …
Optimal Retrofit Strategy Design For Highway Bridges Under Seismic Hazards: A Case Study Of Charleston, Sc, Shawn Parmelee
Optimal Retrofit Strategy Design For Highway Bridges Under Seismic Hazards: A Case Study Of Charleston, Sc, Shawn Parmelee
All Theses
A significant number of US highway bridges are inadequate for seismic loads and could be seriously damaged or collapse during a relatively small earthquake. On the most recent infrastructure report card from the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), one-third of the bridges in the United States are deemed to be structurally deficient. To improve this situation, at-risk bridges must be identified, evaluated, and effective retrofitting programs implemented to reduce their seismic vulnerabilities. In practice, the Federal Highway Administration uses the expected damage method and indices method to assess the condition of bridges. These methods compare the severity of expected …
Cost And Embodied Energy Optimization Of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Beams, Alexander Kosloski
Cost And Embodied Energy Optimization Of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Beams, Alexander Kosloski
All Theses
Concrete has a large environmental footprint so it is desirable to find ways to efficiently design structural members. Engineers can exercise their abilities early on in the design phase of construction projects to reduce the environmental footprint by minimizing the amount of materials required. One way to achieve these results is to optimize the design of structural concrete. In this study, simple-span rectangular reinforced concrete (RC) beams with a range of different bending moments were analyzed. The primary goal was to combine life cycle analysis (LCA), numerical optimization, and reinforced concrete mechanics to create a framework for designing efficient RC …
Effect Of Differential Movement Of Straight Reinforcing Bars During Early Age Curing On The Bond Strength, Tyler Andrews
Effect Of Differential Movement Of Straight Reinforcing Bars During Early Age Curing On The Bond Strength, Tyler Andrews
All Theses
As the nation's infrastructure continues to age, the number of structural deficiencies is rising. Accordingly, there is a great need and desire to replace these failing components in a quick and efficient fashion. Prefabricated elements for structures such as bridges and parking decks are commonly implemented in this process in order to save both time and money. These prefabricated elements are often subjected to moving live loads during construction and repair which, consequently, result in differential movements occurring across the joints connecting the elements of these structures. Potential reductions in joint capacity, joint stiffness, and structural durability are the byproducts …
Data Driven, Performance Based Parking Management In A University Setting, Brian Maleck
Data Driven, Performance Based Parking Management In A University Setting, Brian Maleck
All Theses
With university enrollment increasing, campuses are becoming under increased strain for parking. More students results in more cars on an already stressed parking infrastructure. In many instances, university parking management offices are being asked to accommodate this increase in parking without the construction of new parking infrastructure. In order to accommodate these demands, better parking management is required.
This research develops a framework to evaluate current parking management practices and pinpoint methods to improve upon current practices. The framework is generalized for use by any size and type of university. Clemson University's campus in Clemson, SC was used as a …
Probabilistic Back Analysis Of Geotechnical Systems, Lei Wang
Probabilistic Back Analysis Of Geotechnical Systems, Lei Wang
All Theses
This thesis is aimed at applying the probabilistic approaches for back analysis of geotechnical systems. First, a probabilistic back-analysis of a recent slope failure at a site on Freeway No. 3 in northern Taiwan is presented. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation is used to back-calculate the geotechnical strength parameters and the anchor force. These inverse analysis results, which agree closely with the findings of the post-event investigations, are then used to validate the maximum likelihood method, a computationally more efficient back-analysis approach. The improved knowledge of the geotechnical strength parameters and the anchor force gained through the probabilistic …
An Analysis Of A Missing Design Concept For Sustainable Buildings: Addressing The Safety And Health Of The Construction Worker, Christopher Almond
An Analysis Of A Missing Design Concept For Sustainable Buildings: Addressing The Safety And Health Of The Construction Worker, Christopher Almond
All Theses
Construction work is inherently dangerous. The 2010 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics show the construction industry had the most fatal injuries of all industry sectors, 17%. U.S. regulations place the responsibility for construction safety on the construction contractor. However, owners and designers have the potential to affect the safety of the construction workforce. Owners have gotten more involved in promoting the safety and health of construction workers in recent years; however, studies show that the safety and health of the construction workforce is not typically considered by designers.
The Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) - the U.S. Navy's systems command …
Flexural Strength Reliability Of Visually Graded Southern Pine Dimensional Lumber, Mengyu Yang
Flexural Strength Reliability Of Visually Graded Southern Pine Dimensional Lumber, Mengyu Yang
All Theses
The reference design values published in the National Design Specification (NDS) for Wood Construction are derived from full-scale testing of lumber samples performed in the 1980s. This testing program is commonly known as the In-GradeTest Program. Selective annual sample tests of visually graded Southern Pine lumber from 1994 to 2010 revealed an overall decreasing trend in the mechanical properties. Because of this alarming observation, a new round of full-scale In-Grade test of visually graded Southern Pine was initiated in 2010. The new test data indicated significant reductions in certain design values published in the current design code (2005 NDS). …